JP7140872B2 - 外科的処置を教示すると共に練習するための胆嚢モデル - Google Patents
外科的処置を教示すると共に練習するための胆嚢モデル Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2013年6月18日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/836,512号(発明の名称:Gallbladder model)の優先権及び権益主張出願であり、この米国特許仮出願を参照により引用し、その記載内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
Claims (20)
- 外科用訓練のための解剖学的モデルであって、
支持体と、
前記支持体に取り外し可能に連結可能な解剖学的部分であって、少なくとも、
頂側部、底側部、左側部及び右側部により相互連結されている内面及び外面を備えた第1の層であって、肝臓の少なくとも一部分を真似るように構成され、前記頂側部は、山部を有する、前記第1の層と、
前記山部の存在場所の上方に位置決めされた模擬胆嚢と、
少なくとも前記第1の層に連結されたフレームであって、中央部分によって第2の端部に相互連結された第1の端部を有する、前記フレームと、
を有する前記解剖学的部分と、を含み、
前記フレームの前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部は、前記解剖学的部分を実質的に直立の位置で保持するように、前記支持体に取り外し可能に連結可能であり、
前記フレームは、前記山部の存在場所に位置する前記第1の層が前記フレームに対して撓むことができるように、前記山部の存在場所中には延びていない、解剖学的モデル。 - 前記第1の層は、実質的に扁平な形態を定め、前記第1の層の前記内面は、平坦である、請求項1記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記フレームは、少なくとも部分的に前記第1の層内に埋め込まれ、前記フレームの前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部は、前記第1の層の前記底側部から延び出ている、請求項1記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記フレームは、前記解剖学的部分の左側部に実質的に平行に位置する第1のレッグ、及び、前記解剖学的部分の右側部に実質的に平行に位置する第2のレッグを有し、前記中央部分は、前記第1のレッグと前記第2のレッグとの間に相互連結されている、請求項1記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 厚さを定める外面及び内面を備えた第2の層を更に有し、前記第2の層は、前記第2の層の前記外面が前記第1の層の前記内面に向くように、前記第1の層を覆っており、前記第2の層の前記外面は、少なくとも部分的に前記模擬胆嚢の存在場所周りで前記第1の層の前記内面に連結され、前記模擬胆嚢は、前記第2の層の前記内面に選択的にくっつけられている、請求項1記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 厚さを定める内面及び外面を備えた第3の層を更に有し、前記第3の層は、前記第3の層の前記外面が前記第2の層及び前記模擬胆嚢に向くように、前記第2の層及び前記模擬胆嚢を覆っている、請求項5記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第3の層は、前記模擬胆嚢及び前記第2の層の1つ又は2つ以上に選択的に連結されている、請求項6記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第2の層及び前記第3の層のそれぞれは、前記第1の層の前記頂側部の前記山部に一致した山部を有し、前記第2の層及び前記第3の層のそれぞれの前記山部は、前記第1の層の前記山部に同形的に覆っている、請求項6記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記中央部分は、前記解剖学的モデルよりも短い長さを有している、請求項8記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 外科用訓練のための解剖学的モデルであって、
解剖学的部分を有し、前記解剖学的部分は、
頂側部、底側部、左側部及び右側部により相互連結されている内面及び外面を備えた第1の層を有し、前記第1の層は、少なくとも1つの解剖学的構造体を真似るように構成され、
前記第1の層を覆っている少なくとも1つの解剖学的構造体を含む第2の層を有し、
中央部分によって第2の端部に相互連結されている第1の端部を備えたフレームを有し、前記フレームの少なくとも一部は、前記フレームの前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部が前記第1の層から延び出た状態で前記第1の層内に埋め込まれ、
支持体を有し、前記フレームの前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部は、前記解剖学的部分を支持面に対して実質的に直立した位置に保持するように、前記支持体に取り外し可能に連結可能である、解剖学的モデル。 - 前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部は、前記第1の層の前記底側部から延び出ており、前記フレームは、前記第1の端部に連結された第1のレッグ及び前記第2の端部に連結された第2のレッグを有し、前記中央部分は、前記第1のレッグと前記第2のレッグとの間に配置されている、請求項10記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第1のレッグと前記第2のレッグは、互いに平行であり、前記中央部分は、前記フレームについて実質的にU字形の形態を定めるように、前記第1のレッグ及び前記第2のレッグに実質的に垂直である、請求項11記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第1の層は、肝臓の少なくとも一部分を真似ており、前記第2の層は、模擬胆嚢を含む、請求項10記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 内面及び外面を備えた第3の層を更に有し、前記第3の層は、前記第3の層の前記外面が前記第1の層の前記内面に向くように、前記第1の層を覆っており、前記第3の層の前記外面は、前記第1の層の周囲に選択的に連結され、前記第2の層は、前記第1の層の前記周囲の内側で前記第3の層の前記内面に選択的に連結されている、請求項10記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 内面及び外面を備えた第4の層を更に有し、前記第4の層は、前記第4の層の前記外面が前記第2の層及び前記第3の層に向くように、前記第3の層及び前記第2の層を覆っており、前記第4の層は、前記第3の層に選択的に連結されている、請求項14記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第3の層及び前記第4の層は、前記第1の層の周囲と一致する周囲をそれぞれ有する扁平な層であり、前記第3の層、前記第4の層は、筋膜層、腹膜層をそれぞれ真似ている、請求項15記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記第1の層は、前記第1の層の前記頂側部から突き出た山部を有し、前記フレームは、前記第1の層の前記山部中には延びておらず、それにより、前記第1の層は前記フレームに対して内方及び外方に撓むことができるようになっている、請求項10記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記支持体は、直立部分と相互連結された支持ベースを含み、前記直立部分は、前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部を受け入れるような寸法形状の少なくとも2つの受け口を有している、請求項1又は10記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記直立部分は、前記少なくとも2つの受け口のそれぞれと連絡状態にあるばね押しプランジャを更に含み、前記第1の端部及び前記第2の端部のそれぞれは、山形遠位先端部と、湾曲した、球形の、又は山形の戻り止めとを有し、前記解剖学的部分を前記支持体にしっかりとロックする、請求項18記載の解剖学的モデル。
- 前記解剖学的モデルは、外科用訓練器械の内部キャビティ内に配置されるように構成され、前記内部キャビティは、前記外科用訓練器械のベースとトップカバーとの間に形成され、前記トップカバーは、孔又は穿通可能な模擬組織領域を有し、水平面に対して鋭角をなすよう傾けられ、前記解剖学的モデルは、前記第1の層の前記内面が前記孔又は穿通可能な模擬組織領域に向くように位置決めされている、請求項1又は10記載の解剖学的モデル。
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