CN203562128U - 多孔腹腔镜模拟教具 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种多孔腹腔镜模拟教具，属于普外临床专业技术领域，其特征在于：包括模拟腹壁，所述模拟腹壁包括模拟腹壁和模拟腰部；所述模拟腹壁为弹性橡胶，所述模拟器官为橡胶囊袋；模拟腹壁上设有多个小孔，模拟腹壁和模拟腰部活动连接；模拟腰部与模拟腹壁围成的空腔为模拟腹腔，模拟手术器械穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔伸入到模拟腹腔内；所述模拟腹腔内设有底座、模拟器官、模拟血管和神经和模拟病变处；所述底座固定设置在模拟腹腔底部，所述模拟器官、模拟病变处、模拟血管和神经均设置在底座上；所述模拟器官与输气管连接，所述输气管穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔与充气泵连接。与现有技术相比较具有模拟真实度高，能够帮助实习医师熟练掌握手术操作技巧的特点。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种模拟教具，特别是多孔腹腔镜模拟教具。
背景技术
腹腔镜手术是现代高科技医疗技术用电子、光学等先进设备原理来完成的手术，是传统剖腹手术的跨时代进步，它是在密闭的腹腔内进行的手术，摄像系统在良好的冷光源照明下，通过连接到腹腔内的腹腔镜体，将腹腔内的脏器摄于监视屏幕上，手术医师在高科技显示屏监视、引导下，在腹腔外操纵手术器械，对病变组织进行探查、电凝、止血、组织分离与切开、缝合等操作。它是电子、光学、摄像等高科技技术在临床手术中应用的典范，具有创伤小、并发症少、安全、康复快的特点，深受患者的欢迎，尤其是术后瘢痕小、又符合美学要求，青年病人更乐意接受，腹腔镜手术是外科发展的总趋势和追求目标，目前，随着腹腔镜技术的日益完善和腹腔镜医生操作水平的提高，几乎所有的外科手术都能采用这种手术，在治疗外科疾病中的作用已越来越受到人们的瞩目。
腹腔镜手术是一门不同于传统的全新手术技术，除了理念、设备和手术器械的不同外，还具有技术操作的特殊性和复杂性，腹腔镜外科医生除具备扎实的开放手术基础外，还必须经过腹腔镜手术技术的系统训练。现有的腹腔镜技能训练器，主要分为两种，一种为虚拟腹腔镜训练器，科技含量高，造价昂贵，目前主要依赖进口，用这种仪器对医生进行训练，不太现实；另一种为腹腔镜训练器，在我国比较常见，但大都在外形上比较简单，训练模块比较单一，调试繁琐，操作不便，达不到预期效果。实际上人体腹腔内的一般是被器官充满的，而目前存在的模拟教具腹腔内很多空间一般是空着的，与实际情况不符，不能直观的体现出实际临床情况。且常规的腹腔镜手术，需要先往患者小腹中充进3升左右的二氧化碳气体，让患者的腹部充分膨胀，留出手术空间，现有的手术模拟教具空间固定，脏器腹壁不能变形，无法做到“手术气腹”的练习操作。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的技术任务是针对以上现有技术的不足，提供一种多孔腹腔镜模拟教具。
本实用新型解决其技术问题的技术方案是：一种多孔腹腔镜模拟教具，其特征在于：包括模拟腹壁、模拟腰部和模拟器官；所述模拟腹壁为弹性橡胶；模拟腹壁上设有多个小孔，模拟腹壁和模拟腰部活动连接；模拟腰部与模拟腹壁围成的空腔为模拟腹腔，模拟手术器械穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔伸入到模拟腹腔内；所述模拟腹腔内设有底座、模拟器官、模拟血管和神经、模拟病变处；所述模拟器官为橡胶囊袋，与输气管连接，所述输气管穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔与充气泵连接。
上述模拟腰部为硬质塑料。
上述模拟血管和神经为多条弹性线条，每条模拟血管和神经上均设有张力传感器，所述张力传感器通过单片机与报警器连接。
与现有技术相比较，本实用新型具有以下突出的有益效果。
1、该教具有效提高了腹腔镜外科手术模拟的真实度，高度模拟腹腔镜手术的操作空间和视觉感受，为临床医生训练及提高腹腔镜操作技术提高了一个良好的工具，提高了医生的操作技术，为日后的工作打好基础。
2、每条模拟血管和神经上均设有张力传感器，所述张力传感器与报警器连接，当模拟手术器械对模拟血管和神经压力过大时，报警器则发挥报警功能。能够帮助医生训练自己的操作力度，熟练掌握手术操作的技巧。
3、所述模拟器官为橡胶囊袋，模拟器官与输气管连接，所述输气管穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔与充气泵连接，通过对模拟器官充气，使模拟器官充满模拟腹腔，从而与实际情况更加符合，便于实习医师全程练习操作。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型进一步说明。
如图1所示，本实用新型包括模拟腹壁1和模拟腰部2，模拟腹壁1为弹性橡胶，模拟腰部2为硬质塑料，模拟腹壁1上设有多个小孔，模拟腹壁1和模拟腰部2活动连接。
模拟腰部2与模拟腹壁1围成的空腔为模拟腹腔4，模拟手术器械5穿过模拟腹壁1上的小孔伸入到模拟腹腔4内。
所述模拟腹腔4内设有底座6、模拟器官3、模拟血管和神经7和模拟病变处。
所述底座6固定设置在模拟腹腔4底部，所述模拟器官3、模拟病变处、模拟血管和神经7均设置在底座6上，所述模拟器官3为橡胶囊袋，模拟器官3与输气管8连接，所述输气管8穿过模拟腹壁1上的小孔与充气泵9连接，通过充气泵9对模拟器官3充气，使模拟器官3充满模拟腹腔4，从而与实际情况更加符合。 所述模拟血管和神经7为多条弹性线条，每条模拟血管和神经7上均设有张力传感器，所述张力传感器通过单片机与报警器连接，所述单片机为AT89C52，当模拟手术器械5对模拟血管和神经7牵拉力量过大时，张力传感器传来的张力大于单片机设定阈值时，报警器则发挥报警功能。能够帮助医生训练自己的操作力度，熟练掌握手术操作的技巧。
该教具有效提高了腹腔镜外科手术模拟的真实度，高度模拟腹腔镜手术的操作空间和视觉感受，为临床医生训练及提高腹腔镜操作技术提高了一个良好的工具，提高了医生的操作技术，为日后的工作打好基础。
需要说明的是，本实用新型的特定实施方案已经对本实用新型进行了详细描述，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不背离本实用新型的精神和范围的情况下对它进行的各种显而易见的改变都在本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种多孔腹腔镜模拟教具，其特征在于：包括模拟腹壁、模拟腰部和模拟器官；所述模拟腹壁为弹性橡胶；模拟腹壁上设有多个小孔，模拟腹壁和模拟腰部活动连接；模拟腰部与模拟腹壁围成的空腔为模拟腹腔，模拟手术器械穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔伸入到模拟腹腔内；所述模拟腹腔内设有底座、模拟器官、模拟血管和神经、模拟病变处；所述模拟器官为橡胶囊袋，与输气管连接，所述输气管穿过模拟腹壁上的小孔与充气泵连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多孔腹腔镜模拟教具，其特征在于：所述模拟腰部为硬质塑料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多孔腹腔镜模拟教具，其特征在于：所述模拟血管和神经为多条弹性线条，每条模拟血管和神经上均设有张力传感器，所述张力传感器通过单片机与报警器连接。
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