CN1322043C - 微胶囊化橡胶添加剂 - Google Patents
微胶囊化橡胶添加剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1322043C CN1322043C CNB988132656A CN98813265A CN1322043C CN 1322043 C CN1322043 C CN 1322043C CN B988132656 A CNB988132656 A CN B988132656A CN 98813265 A CN98813265 A CN 98813265A CN 1322043 C CN1322043 C CN 1322043C
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- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- coating material
- composition
- microcapsule
- sulphur
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
- Y10T428/2985—Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
- Y10T428/2985—Solid-walled microcapsule from synthetic polymer
- Y10T428/2987—Addition polymer from unsaturated monomers only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2989—Microcapsule with solid core [includes liposome]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
本发明涉及含至少一种橡胶添加剂(a)的橡胶添加剂组合物。该至少一种橡胶添加剂(a)被涂布材料(b)覆盖,由此形成微胶囊。该添加剂可特别为硫或另一硫化剂、硫化促进剂和/或活化剂。
Description
本发明涉及含有至少一种微胶囊化橡胶添加剂的组合物,该组合物的制备方法,该组合物在制备橡胶和橡胶混合物中的用途,和用该组合物制备的橡胶混合物和橡胶产品。
橡胶添加剂是例如硫化化学药品,如硫化剂、硫化促进剂、和延迟剂以及促进活化剂。
在制备例如涉及添加硫的很多橡胶混合物时,使用含热不稳定形式的硫的有机化合物或元素硫,以使聚合物分子在高温硫化阶段(通常约150至190℃)交联。将硫在混炼工艺期间混入橡胶混合物中,在混炼期间温度不超过110℃。
硫以各种同素异形体形式存在。橡胶工业中最常用的硫改性物为晶体(正交或单斜硫),并分别在124和129℃下熔化。晶体硫在价格上是有利的。它在混合温度约100℃下完全溶于橡胶中,但在室温下显示仅有限的溶解性。室温溶解性取决于橡胶聚合物的种类,且在一定程度下取决于存在的其它混合物组分,但按聚合物计通常为1wt%。
硫通常以浓度约0.4至5wt%,更优选1.0至4wt%,通常1.5至3wt%(按橡胶聚合物计)加入橡胶混合物。在轮胎工业中非常重要的一类橡胶混合物是用于涂布钢丝增强轮胎的橡胶混合物。该混合物含4至5wt%的硫。
如上所述,由于硫的有限溶解性,在约100至110℃的热橡胶混合物中过量溶解超过室温下可溶的量的硫,当该混合物在混合后或加工步骤如挤出或压延后冷却时从混合物中分离。当发生此变化时,不溶于橡胶的硫沉淀出来并在橡胶表面喷霜,即它迁移至橡胶表面。然后此表面上形成结晶层,该结晶层会破坏橡胶的天然粘性和粘结力,结果橡胶实际上不可能与复合制品(如轮胎)的其它橡胶组分粘结。
先有技术中通过使用硫的其它同素异形体,即无定形不溶硫解决此问题。这类硫在低于约105℃的所有温度下完全不溶,因此起到惰性填料的作用。在混合期间分散于橡胶混合物中的硫颗粒,当混合或加工后混合物的温度下降时保持原样,这样对混合物的表面粘性/粘结性无不利影响。
然而,不溶性具有一系列严重缺点。它非常昂贵,且难以均匀分散于橡胶混合物中。此外,当其按原样贮存或贮存于橡胶混合物中时不稳定,且可容易变为可溶性结晶形式。
已知在硫化期间使用的其它橡胶添加剂也存在有限的贮存性问题。例如,硫化化学品如硫硅烷对湿气非常敏感。硫化促进剂如苯并三唑基-2-环己基磺酰胺(CBS)同样存在此问题,这些促进剂至多可贮存数月。
为克服上述缺点,通常将无定形不溶硫以与油或其它分散助剂的混合物形式使用,但不溶性硫的量可低如60wt%。这进一步增加了使用无定形不溶硫的费用。
无定形不溶硫的不稳定性在高温和在胺或具有胺基团的化合物存在下加剧。因此,温度高于100℃会诱导其开始转化为晶体硫。温度进一步升高会加速转化。因此必须精确控制橡胶混合物的制备和加工,以最大限度地减少此转化。
橡胶混合物中使用的大多数有机促进剂具有氨基基团,这些基团在室温下将无定形不溶硫转化为结晶可溶性硫。用于橡胶混合物中的很多抗老化剂/抗降解剂具有氨基基团或胺,它们同样催化转化无定形不溶硫。若无定形不溶硫贮存于这些化学品附近,这种转化甚至在原料贮存时也会发生。然而,该转化也可在混合物中发生。
同样对于共添加剂和在加工期间涉及的在橡胶中的稳定性和性能问题,很多其它橡胶添加剂如硫化促进剂和防焦剂以及促进活化剂也存在。
因此本发明目的是制备以组合物形式获得的橡胶添加剂,该添加剂适用于橡胶或橡胶混合物中。这些添加剂,特别是硫化化学品可容易混入橡胶中并与橡胶物质充分相容,在橡胶或橡胶混合物中显示高效果,并在橡胶材料中具有良好分布特征。该组合物在基础物质附近或在橡胶中贮存期间显示稳定性特征,并在温度低于约130℃下加工橡胶期间显示稳定性特征。
本发明的另一目的是提供制备该橡胶添加剂组合物的方法。
此外,本发明目的是提供用该添加剂组合物获得的橡胶混合物和橡胶产品。
本发明目的通过含至少一种橡胶添加剂(a)的橡胶添加剂组合物获得,且其特征在于至少一种添加剂(a)包裹于涂布材料(b)中,由此形成微胶囊。
优选地,本发明提供一种含至少一种经形成微胶囊而包覆在涂布材料(b)内的橡胶添加剂(a)的橡胶添加剂组合物,其特征在于所述添加剂(a)是结晶可溶性硫,并且所述涂布材料(b)在温度高达120至140℃下不溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中并选自蜡、石蜡、聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇和其混合物,所述微胶囊具有尺寸1至75μm。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,涂布材料(b)在温度高达120至130℃不溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,涂布材料(b)在温度高于120至140℃溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中或者熔化。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,涂布材料(b)在温度高于130℃溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中或者熔化。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,微胶囊具有尺寸3至30μm。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,微胶囊具有尺寸5至8μm。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,橡胶添加剂组合物含有:
a)99至40wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)1至60wt%的涂布材料。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,橡胶添加剂组合物含有:
a)80至50wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)20至50wt%的涂布材料。
在本发明更优选的技术方案中,橡胶添加剂组合物含有:
a)70至60wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)30至40wt%的涂布材料。
根据本发明,可在橡胶制备期间使用的微胶囊形式的橡胶添加剂特别包括硫化化学品,如硫化剂、硫化促进剂和促进活化剂。
合适的硫化剂包括各种同素异形体形式的硫,硫给体如二硫化二吗啉(DTDM)、2-吗啉二硫代苯并噻唑(MBSS)、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TMTD)、二硫化己内酰胺、二硫化双五亚甲基秋兰姆和过氧化物。
合适的硫化促进剂包括黄原酸酯、二硫代氨基甲酸酯、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆和其它秋兰姆、噻唑、次磺酰胺,特别是苯并噻唑基-2-环己基次磺酰胺(CBS)、苯并噻唑基-2-叔丁基次磺酰胺(TBBS)、胍、硫脲衍生物和胺衍生物。
其它合适的硫化促进剂为2-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)、2-巯基苯并噻唑的锌盐(ZMBT)、苯并噻唑基-2-次磺酰吗啉(MBS)、苯并噻唑基二环己基次磺酰胺(DCBS)、二苯胍(DPG)、二邻甲苯胍(DOTG)、邻甲苯基二胍(OTBG)、一硫化四甲基秋兰姆(TMTM)、N-二甲基-二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZDMC)、N-二乙基-二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZDEC)、N-二丁基-二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZDBC)、N-乙基苯基-二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZEBC)、N-五亚甲基-二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZPMC)、亚乙基硫脲(ETU)、二乙基硫脲(DETU)、二苯基硫脲(DPTU)。
促进剂通常与活化剂如氧化锌、硫化锑和一氧化铅及脂族酸(如硬脂酸)一起使用。
可用于本发明的其它硫化化学品为硫硅烷如双(三乙氧基甲硅烷基-丙基)四硫烷(Si 69,Degussa公司的商品牌号)。
特别优选的添加剂是晶体硫、但本发明也可使用无定形硫。
本发明的涂布材料的特征在于与橡胶组合物的组分具有良好的相容性。蜡、石蜡、聚乙烯(PE)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇(PVA)和其混合物特别用作涂布材料,其中聚乙烯醇如Mowiol 8-88(Clariant,D-65926 Frankfurt公司的商品名),基于具有残余乙酰基含量的聚乙酸乙烯酯的PVA和聚乙烯蜡如Vestowax A 616(Huls AG,Marl公司的商品名)是特别合适的。
下列涂布材料特别适合制备本发明的微胶囊:酪蛋白酸钙、聚果胶酸钙、聚丙烯酸和其衍生物、聚碳酸酯、聚环氧乙烷、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚原酸酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和热塑性聚合物。
可含有由光引发剂和热引发剂组成的催化剂体系的可聚合液体聚丙烯酸酯组合物,二氢吡啶、四唑和可溶离子盐的可聚合混合物,聚氨酯,非必要地含叔胺基团的无定形聚酯,多氨基组合物和2,4,6-三氨基-1,3,5-三嗪衍生物与醛的混合物,聚乙烯与聚乙烯醇的混合物,通过三氨基-三嗪与醛和非必要的多氨基化合物反应获得的氨基塑料树脂,氨基-醛树脂,机硅聚合物,聚乙烯基-聚烯烃共聚物、具有官能亚甲基的界面聚合的聚合物,阴离子聚合表面活性剂如衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸或(甲基)丙烯腈和丙烯酰胺磺酸和/或丙烯酸磺烷基酯的那些,及苯乙烯树脂,也是特别合适的涂布材料。
热塑性塑料如热塑性聚酰胺熔体粘合剂如购自Huls的Vestamelt170(SP=122℃)和Vestamelt 550(SP=132℃),聚酰胺树脂如购自Henkel公司的Reamide PAS 13(SP=115至120℃)、购自CrayValley Products公司的Versamid(SP=125至135℃)、购自ViktorWolf公司的Wolfamid 111(SP=120至130℃),聚酯树脂如购自Dynamit Nobel公司的Dynapol L850/L860(SP=120℃)也是适合用作涂布材料。
涂布材料的一个共同特点是它们在对橡胶硫化重要的温度范围,即在约100至260℃内熔化。它们优选在低于150℃下熔化,优选具有熔点120至140℃,特别是约130℃。这些涂布材料在优选高达120至140℃,特别是高达约130℃的温度下熔化前不溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中。仅在温度高于熔化温度,例如120至140℃,特别是约130℃下,涂布材料才变为可溶于橡胶中。
由于以微胶囊形式包覆本发明橡胶添加剂的本发明涂布材料的熔化或溶解性能,因此橡胶添加剂组合物在橡胶或橡胶混合物中的性能类似于涂布材料本身的性能,对于例如可溶性的晶体硫作为添加剂,该添加剂的优点在于,在高于约130℃的温度不会出现喷霜/析出硫。由涂布材料形成的胶囊的覆盖层在温度从室温至130℃下起到物理阻挡物的作用,并由此使橡胶混合物在贮存期间和低于此温度的所有加工步骤下稳定。此外,还可保持表面粘性/表面粘结。
当添加剂以本发明微胶囊组合物形式贮存时,还会提高添加剂本身的耐久性。因此,例如在以微胶囊形式贮存期间可抑制或延缓无定形不溶硫转化为晶体硫或CBS对湿气的敏感性。
此外,涂布材料可使颗粒更快和更好地分散,因此导致在混合物中更均匀地分散。由于颗粒行为类似相应的涂布材料,因此还可避免例如使用硫时知晓的形成粉尘的缺点。这还可导致明显减少或不再出现粉尘爆炸的危险(这在硫加工期间是主要问题)。
本发明的橡胶添加剂组合物微胶囊具有平均(重均)尺寸1至75μm,优选3至30μm,特别优选5至8μm。
该微胶囊包括至少一种液体和/或固体形式的添加剂。
该微胶囊特别为具有如下组成的组合物:
(a)99至40wt%,更优选80至50wt%,最优选约70至60wt%的添加剂,和
(b)1至60wt%,更优选20至50wt%,最优选约30至40wt%的涂布材料。
本发明的微胶囊可以不同方式制备。该方法的一个基本特点是获得具有上述类型和尺寸的微胶囊形式的完全包覆添加剂。
本发明的橡胶添加剂组合物优选通过如下方法制备:使含有至少一种添加剂、熔融涂布材料和非必要的其它助剂如表面活性剂或分散剂的混合物流入处于一快速旋转的设备如转台上的冷却柱中,同时因高离心力而向外侧移动。由于边上的直径更大,因此颗粒分离并避免形成附聚物。从旋转设备边飞出后,这些颗粒各自落到外面并在此过程中冷却,结果涂布材料固化。该方法可连续操作,因此非常有效。
然而根据本发明,除了此方法外,还可考虑其它方法,在这些方法中,固化含结晶可溶性硫和涂布材料的混合物,所述结晶可溶性硫和涂布材料是液态、溶解、悬浮或乳化形式,由此得到具有上述组成和尺寸的微胶囊。
因此,可考虑用喷雾干燥、硫化床涂布、乳化或悬浮方法和沉淀法制备本发明的微胶囊。例如,微胶囊还可通过在合适的溶剂中冷却和沉降含至少一种添加剂和涂布材料的混合物形成。
例如,作为添加剂的硫可在例如约130℃和约2.6kPa(ba)的高温和高压下在合适的反应器中乳化,并通过随后将阴离子、阳离子或非离子表面活性剂加入熔化或充分乳化的涂布材料中包覆。可以考虑的阴离子表面活性剂的例子是钠、钙或四乙基铵盐形式的苯磺酸盘,特别是n-C10至C13-烷基苯磺酸盐。此外,例如萘或酚磺酸缩合产品也是合适的。这些产品可以商品名TamolN商标或TamolPP,购自BASFAG。已证明TamolNN9104是特别合适的。
可将涂布材料与添加剂一起加入反应器中。然而,也可在卸料后马上加入。包覆方法可通过除去溶剂(在此情况下本发明的组合物沉淀),或通过喷雾干燥在反应器中进行。若最终涂布仅在喷雾干燥期间进行,则该涂布材料还可从反应器中卸出后仅在此方法步骤中加入。
因此,还可用本发明方法通过连续进行多次涂布步骤或将不同的优选方法相互结合生产多层胶囊覆盖物。
如此制备的本发明橡胶添加剂组合物可有利地用于制备橡胶或橡胶混合物,特别是制备用于合成橡胶制造的那些橡胶或橡胶混合物。
如上所述,涂布材料在橡胶中的有利性能导致添加剂更快更好地分散,并因此更均匀地分散于橡胶混合物中。
若硫用作微胶囊化的添加剂,由涂布材料制备的物理阻挡层确保避免硫在低于约130℃下析出。然而,除了避免此不利性能外,还可避免硫或作为微胶囊组分的其它添加剂与橡胶混合物的组分反应。
因此,可避免在温度约110℃时通过作为硫化剂的硫与有机硫促进剂反应而开始的早期硫化问题。
因此,本发明的另一优点是,通过在微胶囊中的硫化剂的加入,该微胶囊在橡胶中耐高达130℃的温度,即在此温度下不渗透,避免了使用抑制早期硫化的昂贵延迟剂。特别地,还可按此方式对生产合成橡胶制品如轮胎的对比方法进行简化。仅当涂布材料熔化并溶于橡胶中时会出现包覆的添加剂释放。
本发明的主题还有用本发明添加剂组合物制备的橡胶制品、橡胶混合物或橡胶产品。
下面本发明参考优选实施方案进一步说明。
实施例1
通过转台法微胶囊化2-巯基-苯并噻唑(MBT)
首先将工业上惯用的MBT粉末在冲击磨中研磨成平均颗粒尺寸5μm。将获得的细粉末与具有摩尔质量约1600g/mol(Vestowax A 616,Huls AG的商品)、熔点约125℃的聚乙烯蜡按重量比7∶3熔化在一起,并在135℃下通过在冷却塔内的转台上,使其雾化。除了所需的直径约5μm的微胶囊外,还获得聚乙烯蜡细颗粒,该颗粒通过旋风分离器分离并送回工艺中。
实施例2
通过悬浮法微胶囊化二硫化二苯并噻唑(MBTS)
将1.0kg购自Flexsys,Brussels的具有平均颗粒尺寸5.3μm的惯用MBTS粉末在搅拌下加热至70℃,在带有锚式搅拌器的V4A搅拌器搅拌下加入0.05kg作为表面活性剂的烷基苯磺酸盐(Marlon A 365,购自Huls AG公司的阴离子表面活性剂)和2.0kg水,并加入1.0kg加热至70℃的溶液中,该溶液为0.28kg具有摩尔质量约1600g/mol的聚乙烯蜡(Vestowax A 616,Huls AG公司的低分子量低压聚乙烯,熔点125℃)在环己烷中的溶液。正庚烷也可用作环己烷的替代物。将获得的分散体在剧烈搅拌下冷却至20℃,本发明的微胶囊围绕各促进剂晶体形成。最终产品通过在常规硫化床干燥器(如购自Glatt AG公司的D-79859 Binzen)中喷雾干燥分离。获得1.24kg微胶囊化的促进剂,相当于收率93%。促进剂的含量为75.1wt%。
实施例3
将不是由沉淀法在水悬浮液中制备的促进剂和硫化剂通过如下方法有利地转化为微胶囊。
将通过例如在冲击磨中在非必要的保护气体如氮气下合适研磨至平均颗粒尺寸5μm的颗粒悬浮于熔点125℃的PE蜡在庚烷中的饱和溶液中,充分混合后,进行喷雾干燥,在此过程中形成本发明的微胶囊。该方法适合所有促进剂和硫化剂,因其极性化学结构,在正庚烷中仅溶解很少量或完全不溶解。还可有利地使用环己烷。
实施例4
通过乳液法用聚乙烯醇微胶囊化硫
将3.00kg市购的惯用研磨硫与6.55kg自来水、0.15kg烷基苯磺酸盐(Marlon A 365,购自Huls AG的阴离子表面活性剂)、0.15kg萘磺酸缩合产品(TamolNN 9104,购自BASF AG的橡胶相容剂或分散助剂)和0.30kg聚乙烯醇(Mowiol 8-88,Clariant,D-65926Frankfurt公司出售的产品)加入由V4A钢制造的10-1压力反应器中,并用安装的锚式搅拌器搅拌均化。将该反应器用蒸气加热至128℃。通过安装的监测玻璃观察到:在蒸气压力2.6巴(在锅炉内测量的)下约30分钟后硫已熔化。进一步搅拌10分钟并通过转子-定子混合器(Dispax)循环抽运后,将所得乳液通过加热管线在硫化床喷雾干燥器中雾化,所述干燥器在用氮气加热至70℃的循环空气系统下操作。约50分钟后,停止喷雾干燥工艺。由于水蒸发,因此废弃空气的温度降至58-60℃。获得的产品为棕黄色细粉。收率为2.37kg,相当于66%。产品的硫含量为81wt%。
实施例5
通过乳液法用聚乙烯蜡微胶囊化硫
将3.00kg市购的惯用研磨硫与6.55kg自来水、0.15kg烷基苯磺酸盐(Marlon A 365,购自Huls AG的阴离子表面活性剂)、0.15kg萘磺酸缩合产品(TamolNN 9104,购自BASF AG的橡胶相容剂或分散助剂)和0.30kg熔点约125℃摩尔质量约1600g/mol的聚乙烯蜡(Vestowax A 616,Huls AG公司出售的低分子量低压聚乙烯)加入由V4A钢制造的10-1压力反应器中,并用安装的锚式搅拌器搅拌均化。将该反应器用蒸气加热至128℃。通过安装的监测玻璃观察到:在蒸气压力2.6巴(在锅炉内测量的)下约30分钟后硫已熔化。进一步搅拌10分钟并通过转子-定子混合器(Dispax)循环抽运后,将所得乳液通过加热管线在硫化床喷雾干燥器中粉化,所述干燥器在用氮气加热至70℃的循环空气系统下操作。约50分钟后,停止喷雾干燥工艺。由于水蒸发,因此废弃空气的温度降至58-60℃。获得的产品为棕黄色细粉。收率为2.27kg,相当于63%。产品的硫含量为82wt%。
实施例6
微胶囊化添加剂的补充
将前面任一实施例制备的微胶囊在方法的另一步骤中在硫化床反应器中(2.27kg微胶囊化添加剂)通过喷涂0.227kg低熔的蜡状物质如季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯或矿物油转化,初始获得的粉末由微胶囊转化为尺寸0.1至10mm的珠粒。这些实际上不再含有任何粉尘的珠粒可以自由流动,因此能够自动称量。
由于使珠粒结合在一起的石蜡状物质熔点低,因此微胶囊在加入橡胶混合物后按其原来的形式再次释放。
Claims (14)
1.一种含至少一种经形成微胶囊而包覆在涂布材料(b)内的橡胶添加剂(a)的橡胶添加剂组合物,其特征在于所述添加剂(a)是结晶可溶性硫,并且所述涂布材料(b)在温度高达120至140℃下不溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中并选自蜡、石蜡、聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇和其混合物,所述微胶囊具有尺寸1至75μm。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于涂布材料(b)在温度高达120至130℃不溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中。
3.根据权利要求1或2的组合物,其特征在于涂布材料(b)在温度高于120至140℃溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中或者熔化。
4.根据权利要求3的组合物,其特征在于涂布材料(b)在温度高于130℃溶于橡胶或橡胶混合物中或者熔化。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一权利要求的组合物,其特征在于微胶囊具有尺寸3至30μm。
6.根据权利要求5的组合物,其特征在于微胶囊具有尺寸5至8μm。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一权利要求的组合物,其特征在于它含有:
a)99至40wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)1至60wt%的涂布材料。
8.根据权利要求7的组合物,其特征在于它含有:
a)80至50wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)20至50wt%的涂布材料。
9.根据权利要求8的组合物,其特征在于它含有:
a)70至60wt%的结晶可溶性硫,和
b)30至40wt%的涂布材料。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一权利要求的橡胶添加剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于将含结晶可溶性硫和涂布材料的混合物固化,其中所述结晶可溶性硫和涂布材料是液态、溶解、悬浮或乳化形式,由此形成权利要求1-9任一权利要求的微胶囊。
11.根据权利要求10的方法,其特征在于将该混合物加入旋转装置上并在向外运动期间固化和形成微胶囊。
12.根据权利要求10的方法,其特征在于混合物在硫化床中,在乳液或悬浮液中,通过喷雾干燥、通过沉淀或通过冷却和沉降形成微胶囊。
13.根据权利要求1至9任何一项的或根据权利要求10至12任何一项制备的橡胶添加剂组合物用于制备橡胶或橡胶混合物的用途。
14.根据权利要求13的用途,所述橡胶或橡胶混合物是制备合成橡胶生产中使用的那些橡胶或橡胶混合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE19754341.3 | 1997-11-25 | ||
DE19754341A DE19754341A1 (de) | 1997-11-25 | 1997-11-25 | Mikroverkapseltes Kautschukadditiv |
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CN1284100A CN1284100A (zh) | 2001-02-14 |
CN1322043C true CN1322043C (zh) | 2007-06-20 |
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CNB988132656A Expired - Fee Related CN1322043C (zh) | 1997-11-25 | 1998-11-18 | 微胶囊化橡胶添加剂 |
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US (2) | US6984450B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1829923B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2001524568A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100543888B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1322043C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR010959A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE332332T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU745123B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9815047B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2311463C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19754341A1 (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2270534T3 (zh) |
HK (2) | HK1030618A1 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID27882A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL193922B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2212420C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999027012A1 (zh) |
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JPS61129039A (ja) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-06-17 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | イオウのマイクロカプセルおよびその製造方法 |
FR2603273A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-02 | 1988-03-04 | Raffineries Soufre Reunies | Procede de fabrication de soufre pulverulent impregne |
DE4013005A1 (de) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-10-31 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung rieselfaehiger, schwefel enthaltender kautschukpulver |
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EP1034216A1 (de) | 2000-09-13 |
EP1829923A2 (de) | 2007-09-05 |
JP2001524568A (ja) | 2001-12-04 |
ATE332332T1 (de) | 2006-07-15 |
CA2311463C (en) | 2009-01-06 |
EP1829923B1 (de) | 2012-05-16 |
ES2270534T3 (es) | 2007-04-01 |
HK1030618A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 |
CA2311463A1 (en) | 1999-06-03 |
DE59813634D1 (de) | 2006-08-17 |
US20030165682A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
CN1284100A (zh) | 2001-02-14 |
AU1339199A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
JP2007046058A (ja) | 2007-02-22 |
KR100543888B1 (ko) | 2006-01-20 |
WO1999027012A1 (de) | 1999-06-03 |
AR010959A1 (es) | 2000-07-12 |
RU2212420C2 (ru) | 2003-09-20 |
KR20010032468A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
PL193922B1 (pl) | 2007-04-30 |
BR9815047A (pt) | 2000-10-03 |
PL340694A1 (en) | 2001-02-26 |
BR9815047B1 (pt) | 2009-01-13 |
US6984450B2 (en) | 2006-01-10 |
US20050282013A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
ES2385494T3 (es) | 2012-07-25 |
EP1034216B1 (de) | 2006-07-05 |
JP4847831B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 |
DE19754341A1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
AU745123B2 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
ID27882A (id) | 2001-05-03 |
EP1829923A3 (de) | 2007-12-05 |
HK1108002A1 (en) | 2008-04-25 |
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