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US3896777A - Exhaust gas recirculation control device - Google Patents

Exhaust gas recirculation control device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3896777A
US3896777A US391533A US39153373A US3896777A US 3896777 A US3896777 A US 3896777A US 391533 A US391533 A US 391533A US 39153373 A US39153373 A US 39153373A US 3896777 A US3896777 A US 3896777A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vacuum
valve
exhaust gas
chamber
diaphragm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US391533A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenji Masaki
Shuya Nambu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to US05/573,620 priority Critical patent/US4013052A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3896777A publication Critical patent/US3896777A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/55—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators
    • F02M26/56—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators having pressure modulation valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a modulating device for an intake manifold vacuum actuated exhaust gas flow control valve for an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine.
  • an inert gas such as exhaust gas into the intake system; i.e. into the intake manifold or into the induction passage at a location downstream of the air filter; with the intention of reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides (N in the engine exhaust gases by suppressing their formation. It is required that a suitable amount of exhaust gas be introduced into the intake system of the engine to attain satisfactory results.
  • a reduction in engine performance results if the ratio of the flow rate of recirculated exhaust gas to that of intake air exceeds a certain optimum value, and failure to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides results if the ratio is much smaller than the certain optimum value.
  • intake manifold vacuum is employed to actuate a valve to meter the flow of exhaust gas into the intake system of the engine, as is common in the prior art, it is hardly possible to maintain the flow rate ratio of recirculated exhaust gas to intake air at an optimum value mostly due to the fact that the vacuum in the intake manifold does not vary in proportion to the intake air flow rate throughout operation of the engine.
  • the vacuum in the venturi of a carburator varies in relation to the velocity of air flowing through the venturi throughout operation of the engine, and therefore in relation to the flow rate intake air being introduced into the engine.
  • the vacuum in the venturi is employed as a parameter in controlling the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the intake system, the flow rate of exhaust gas can be metered to an optimum ratio to that of intake air throughout all modes of operation of the engine.
  • the vacuum in the venturi is insufficient for adequate control of a vacuum actuated valve to meter the flow rate of recirculated exhaust gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas recirculation system incorporating a modulating deviceaccording to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a modulating device according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a modulating device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modulating device according to still a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation system incorporating a modulating device of the present invention is shown as incorporated into an internal combustion engine which may be any conventional design, being provided with a usual carburetor 10, intake manifold 12, and exhaust pipe 14 leading from an exhaust manifold (not shown).
  • the carburetor 10 is pro-v vided with a choke valve 16, venturi section 18 and throttle valve 20.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation system includes an exhaust gas recirculation conduit 22 connecting the exhaust pipe 14 with the intake manifold 12 to recirculate a portion of the engine exhaust gas to the intake manifold 12.
  • a normally closed metering valve 26 to control the amount of exhaust gas recirculated to the intake manifold 12 through the recirculation conduit 22.
  • the metering valve 26 has a valve stem 28 which at its upper end is secured to a plunger 30 which in turn is fastened at its upper end to the center of a diaphragm 32 of a diaphragm device generally designated as 34.
  • the diaphragm 32 is disposed in a casing 36 secured to the recirculation conduit 22.
  • a spring 38 biases the diaphragm 32 downwardly as shown.
  • a chamber 24 above the diaphragm 32 is connected by a conduit 40 to the intake manifold 12.
  • a chamber below the diaphragm 32 (no numeral) is open to the atmosphere through a plurality of apertures, one being shown and designated as 42.
  • a modulating device 44 is interposed in the conduit 40.
  • a portion (no numeral) of the conduit 40 leading from the intake manifold 12 opens into a first chamber 46 of a casing 62 of the modulating device 44.
  • a partition 48 devides the interior of the casing 62 into the first chamber 46 and a second chamber 47.
  • a valve 54 is disposed in the partition 48 to control communication between the chambers 46 and 47.
  • a stem 56 of the valve 54 is operatively attached to a movable end portion 58 of a pressure responsive membrane means which is shown as being a bellows 60, the other end portion (no numeral) of the bellows 60 being fixed to the bottom of the chamber 47 as shown.
  • a port 52 vents the chamber 47 to the atmosphere.
  • a first conduit 64 connects the interior of the bellows 60 through a hole (no numeral) in the casing 62 to the venturi section 18.
  • a restriction 66 is provided in the conduit 40 as shown to limit gas flow therethrough.
  • the device of FIG. 1 operates as follows:
  • the velocity of air flowing through the venturi section 18 and accordingly the level of vacuum therein increase as the throttle valve 20 opens.
  • This increase of vacuum level in the venturi section 18 causesthe bellows 60 to collapse, moving the valve 54 downwardly to reduce the air flow into the chamber above the partition 48 through the port 52 and chamber 47.
  • the pressure in the chamber 46 approaches the vacuum level in the intake manifold 12 as the vacuum in the venturi section l8 increases, and decreases as the vacuum in the venturi section 18 decreases. Since the chamber24 above the diaphragm 36 of the diaphragm device 34 communicates with the chamber 46 through the conduit 40, the
  • valve 26 will be actuated in respense to the vacuum level in the chamber 46, thereby allowing a suitable quantity of exhaust gas to flow through the valve 26 into the intake manifold 12.
  • FIG; 2 shows an improved embodiment of a control device of the present invention.
  • valve 26 may fully open during a warming-up operation of the automobile in cold weather, at which time the choke valve 16 is nearly closed (see the phantom position of the choke valve 16 in FIG. 1), thereby creating a relatively high vacuum in the venturi 18 to cause the valve 54 to fully close.
  • FIG. 2 shows an improved control device which can be applied in the exhaust gas recirculation system of FIG. 1.
  • a modulating device of FIG. 2 is indicated generally as 44a.
  • the portion of the pipe 40 leading to the diaphragm device 34 opens into a first chamber 46a of a casing 62a, which is vented to the atmosphere through a restricted port 52a.
  • a valve 54a is disposed in a first portition 48a and controls communication therethrough between the first chamber 46a and a second chamber 47a.
  • the chamber 47a communicates with the intake manifold 12 through the other portion of the conduit 40.
  • a valve stem 56a of the valve 54a passes through a second partition 68 in a gas tight manner, and is connected at its bottom end as shown to a diaphragm 58a.
  • the diaphragm 58a divides the space in the casing 620 below the partition 68 into an upper (as shown) or third chamber 61 and a lower (as shown) or fourth chamber 63.
  • the chamber 61 is vented to the atmosphere through at least one aperture 65.
  • a spring 70 disposed in the chamber 63 biases the diaphragm 58a upwards as shown and thus the valve 54a to a closed position.
  • the chamber 63 communicates with the venturi section 18 through the conduit 64.
  • the device of FIG. 2 operates as follows:
  • the vacuum in the chamber 63 increases accordingly, so that the pressure difference across the diaphragm 58a counteracts the action of the spring 70 and causes the valve 54a to open.
  • the chamber 46a is open to the atmosphere and the spring 70 biases the valve 54a upwardly toward a closed position, the vacuum from the intake manifold 12 in the chamber 46a can be modulated even during a warming-up operation of the automobile, thus preventing an excessive amount of exhaust gas from flowing through the valve 26 provided in the exhaust gas recirculation conduit 22.
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exhaust gas recirculation system analogous to that of FIG. 1 but includes instead of the modulating device 44 of FIG. 1 a modulating device 44b interposed in the conduit 40.
  • a first chamber 46b of a casing 62b communicates with the upper chamber 24 of the diaphragm device 34 and the intake manifold 12 through respective portions of the conduit 40, and also with the atmosphere through a port 52b.
  • a partition 68b divides the interior of the casing 62b into the first chamber 460 and a second chamber 47b.
  • a valve 54b is disposed in the casing 62b to control communication between the chamber 46b and the atmosphere through the port 52b.
  • a valve stem 56b of the valve 54b passes through partition 68b in a gas tight manner, and is attachedto a movable end portion 58b of a bellows 60b disposed in the chamber 47b in a manner described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the interior of the bellows 60b communicates with the intake manifold 12 through a second conduit 72, and the chamber 47b communicates with the venturi section 18 through a first conduit 64b.
  • the device of FIG. 3 operates as follows:
  • the vacuum in the chamber 24 above the diaphragm 32 of the diaphragm device 34 can be prevented from increasing excessively so that the amount of exhaust gas being introduced into the intake manifold 12 under such a condition that the vacuum in the intake manifold 12 increases but the vacuum in the venturi section l8 remains unchanged does not undesirably increase.
  • FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of a control device of the present invention.
  • a modulating device of FIG. 4 now designated generally as 44c employed the exhaust gas recirculation system of FIG. 1 includes a first chamber 460 a second chamber 47c, and a third chamber 49c communicating as shown.
  • a valve 54c controls communication between the chamber 46c and the atmosphere through a port 52c, and has a valve stem 56c passing through a partition 680 in a gas tight manner and connected to a diaphragm 58c.
  • a spring c biases the diaphragm downwardly as shown and the valve 54c toward an open position.
  • the chamber 490 is connected to the exhaust pipe 14 through a third conduit 74.
  • the device of FIG. 4 operates as follows:
  • the valve 54c will move toward a closed position to block the port 520. If the vacuum in the intake manifold 12 increases while the vacuum in the venturi section 18 remains unchanged, the valve 540 will move further downwardly to increase the degree of opening of the valve 54c and port 520 due to the pressure in the exhaust pipe 14, because the pressure in the exhaust pipe 14 decreases as the vacuum in the intake manifold 12 increases. If, on the other hand, the vacuum in the intake manifold 12 decreases, as when the throttle valve is opened wider, the valve 540 moves further upwardly to block the port 520 due to the pressure in the exhaust pipe 14 because the pressure in the exhaust pipe 14 increases as the vacuum in the intake manifold 12 decreases.
  • the vacuum in the chamber 24 above the diaphragm 32 of the diaphragm device 34 can be controlled in response to the magnitude of the vacuum in the venturi section 18.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation system having a recirculation conduit to recirculate a portion of exhaust gases from the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine to the intake system thereof having a carburetor, a vacuum actuated exhaust gas flow metering valve normally closing the recirculation conduit; a diaphragm device operatively connected to the metering valve and a vacuum conduit connecting the spring loaded side of said diaphragm device to the intake manifold for actuation of the diaphragm device by the intake manifold vacuum to operate the metering valve, a modulating device comprising a casing interposed in and having a chamber forming part of said vacuum conduit, said chamber having an air bleed port opening to the atmosphere; an air bleed valve for closing said air bleed port; a spring loaded diaphragm having its spring loaded side connected to the venturi of the carburetor and the opposite side connected to the exhaust system, said spring loaded diaphragm being operatively connected to said air bleed valve such that said air bleed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
US391533A 1972-08-31 1973-08-27 Exhaust gas recirculation control device Expired - Lifetime US3896777A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/573,620 US4013052A (en) 1972-08-31 1975-05-01 Exhaust gas recirculation control device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP47086711A JPS5237536B2 (ja) 1972-08-31 1972-08-31

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/573,620 Division US4013052A (en) 1972-08-31 1975-05-01 Exhaust gas recirculation control device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3896777A true US3896777A (en) 1975-07-29

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US391533A Expired - Lifetime US3896777A (en) 1972-08-31 1973-08-27 Exhaust gas recirculation control device

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3896777A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5237536B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE2343337C3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2198542A5 (ja)
GB (1) GB1400346A (ja)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973535A (en) * 1974-06-27 1976-08-10 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation system
US3998194A (en) * 1975-09-04 1976-12-21 Acf Industries, Incorporated System for control of exhaust gas recirculation
US4033309A (en) * 1974-06-24 1977-07-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US4041917A (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-08-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculation system
US4041914A (en) * 1974-06-25 1977-08-16 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US4047510A (en) * 1974-06-27 1977-09-13 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US4091615A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-05-30 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Internal combustion engine with plural spark plugs for each combustion chamber and exhaust recirculation circuit
US4092960A (en) * 1976-06-18 1978-06-06 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculation system in an internal combustion engine
US4098246A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-07-04 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine with an auxiliary combustion chamber
US4099497A (en) * 1974-12-26 1978-07-11 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having exhaust emission control system
US4100736A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-07-18 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Spark-ignition internal combustion engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation system
US4104879A (en) * 1975-12-26 1978-08-08 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine
US4109624A (en) * 1975-12-29 1978-08-29 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Vacuum regulation valve in an exhaust gas recirculation system
US4117816A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-10-03 Aisan Industry Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculating system for use in internal combustion engine
US4164918A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-08-21 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4173204A (en) * 1976-11-17 1979-11-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Control valve of exhaust recirculation apparatus
US4173955A (en) * 1976-02-18 1979-11-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Exhaust-gas recirculation system
US4180033A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-12-25 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation control system
US4180034A (en) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-25 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4185607A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-29 General Motors Corporation Dual displacement engine control
US4186703A (en) * 1978-09-06 1980-02-05 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4186702A (en) * 1978-06-02 1980-02-05 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4193381A (en) * 1976-11-19 1980-03-18 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Spark advance control device for engine equipped with EGR system
US4196707A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-04-08 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4231340A (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-11-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation control system for internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS521324A (en) * 1975-06-24 1977-01-07 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus
DE2528760C3 (de) * 1975-06-27 1980-12-11 Pierburg Gmbh & Co Kg, 4040 Neuss Regeleinrichtung für die Rückführung von Abgas
JPS52106023A (en) * 1976-03-02 1977-09-06 Toyota Motor Corp Automobile engine exhaust gas re-circulation unit
JPS5320018A (en) * 1976-08-05 1978-02-23 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Exhaust reflux controller
JPS6039863B2 (ja) * 1977-01-06 1985-09-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置
JPS5386922A (en) * 1977-01-08 1978-07-31 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Controlling device for exhaust gas back flow
JPS53146028A (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-19 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Exhaust reflux controller
JPS5913343Y2 (ja) * 1978-04-13 1984-04-20 日産自動車株式会社 車両用内燃機関
JPS5681783A (en) * 1979-12-10 1981-07-04 Honda Lock Kk Keyless lock apparatus of door
DE3106588C2 (de) * 1981-02-21 1983-04-14 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart "Anschluß einer Abgasrückführungsleitung"
JPS57206762A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-12-18 Suzuki Motor Co Ltd Egr control of internal combustion engine
JPH0663395B2 (ja) * 1986-04-23 1994-08-22 三井金属鉱業株式会社 車両扉用キーレスロック装置
DE4009923C2 (de) * 1990-03-28 1995-11-02 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Ventil zum Dosieren des Abgasrückführstromes bei Brennkraftmaschinen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3739797A (en) * 1971-08-03 1973-06-19 Ranco Inc Control apparatus for exhaust gas recirculating system
US3756210A (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-09-04 Gen Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculation control valve
US3799131A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-03-26 Gen Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculation
US3802402A (en) * 1972-03-30 1974-04-09 P Swatman Internal combustion engines
US3807374A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-04-30 Ethyl Corp Exhaust recirculation control

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3807374A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-04-30 Ethyl Corp Exhaust recirculation control
US3739797A (en) * 1971-08-03 1973-06-19 Ranco Inc Control apparatus for exhaust gas recirculating system
US3802402A (en) * 1972-03-30 1974-04-09 P Swatman Internal combustion engines
US3756210A (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-09-04 Gen Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculation control valve
US3799131A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-03-26 Gen Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculation

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4033309A (en) * 1974-06-24 1977-07-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US4041914A (en) * 1974-06-25 1977-08-16 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US4047510A (en) * 1974-06-27 1977-09-13 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation system with control apparatus for exhaust gas flow control valve
US3973535A (en) * 1974-06-27 1976-08-10 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation system
US4099497A (en) * 1974-12-26 1978-07-11 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having exhaust emission control system
US4100736A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-07-18 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Spark-ignition internal combustion engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation system
US4091615A (en) * 1975-05-22 1978-05-30 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Internal combustion engine with plural spark plugs for each combustion chamber and exhaust recirculation circuit
US3998194A (en) * 1975-09-04 1976-12-21 Acf Industries, Incorporated System for control of exhaust gas recirculation
US4117816A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-10-03 Aisan Industry Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculating system for use in internal combustion engine
US4104879A (en) * 1975-12-26 1978-08-08 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine
US4109624A (en) * 1975-12-29 1978-08-29 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Vacuum regulation valve in an exhaust gas recirculation system
US4173955A (en) * 1976-02-18 1979-11-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Exhaust-gas recirculation system
US4041917A (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-08-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculation system
US4092960A (en) * 1976-06-18 1978-06-06 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculation system in an internal combustion engine
US4180033A (en) * 1976-09-03 1979-12-25 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust gas recirculation control system
US4098246A (en) * 1976-10-01 1978-07-04 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine with an auxiliary combustion chamber
US4173204A (en) * 1976-11-17 1979-11-06 Hitachi, Ltd. Control valve of exhaust recirculation apparatus
US4193381A (en) * 1976-11-19 1980-03-18 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Spark advance control device for engine equipped with EGR system
US4164918A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-08-21 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4180034A (en) * 1978-05-25 1979-12-25 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4186702A (en) * 1978-06-02 1980-02-05 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4185607A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-29 General Motors Corporation Dual displacement engine control
US4231340A (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-11-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Exhaust gas recirculation control system for internal combustion engine
US4196707A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-04-08 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control
US4186703A (en) * 1978-09-06 1980-02-05 General Motors Corporation Exhaust gas recirculation control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1400346A (en) 1975-07-16
JPS5237536B2 (ja) 1977-09-22
FR2198542A5 (ja) 1974-03-29
DE2343337C3 (de) 1979-04-19
JPS4944128A (ja) 1974-04-25
DE2343337B2 (de) 1978-08-24
DE2343337A1 (de) 1974-03-14

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