JP6471882B2 - 磁心およびコイル部品 - Google Patents
磁心およびコイル部品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6471882B2 JP6471882B2 JP2018539801A JP2018539801A JP6471882B2 JP 6471882 B2 JP6471882 B2 JP 6471882B2 JP 2018539801 A JP2018539801 A JP 2018539801A JP 2018539801 A JP2018539801 A JP 2018539801A JP 6471882 B2 JP6471882 B2 JP 6471882B2
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 106
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002796 Si–Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000333 X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002064 alloy oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
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Description
金属系磁性粉末としては、例えばFe−Si系、Fe−Ni系、Fe−Si−Cr系、Fe−Si−Al系などの磁性合金粉末が用いられている。かかる磁性合金粉末の成形体を圧密化して得られる磁心は、飽和磁束密度が高い反面、合金粉末であるため電気抵抗率が低く、予め水ガラスや熱硬化性樹脂等を用いて磁性合金粉末を絶縁被覆する場合が多い。
前記Fe基合金の粒子同士がFe基合金に由来する酸化物を介して結合され、
CuのKα特性X線を用いて測定された前記磁心のX線回折スペクトルにおける、2θ=33.2°付近に表れるコランダム構造を有するFe酸化物の回折ピークのピーク強度P1と、2θ=44.7°付近に表れるbcc構造を有する前記Fe基合金の回折ピークのピーク強度P2とのピーク強度比(P1/P2)が0.015以下であり、且つX線回折スペクトルにおける、2θ=26.6°付近に表れるFe3Al規則構造の超格子ピークのピーク強度P3と前記ピーク強度P2とのピーク強度比(P3/P2)が0.015以上0.050以下の磁心である。
アトマイズ法によりFe基合金の原料粉末を作製した。その組成分析結果を表1に示す。
飽和磁束密度Bs(T)=4π×Ms×ρt×10−4
(ρt:Fe基合金の真密度)
なおFe基合金の真密度ρtは、原料粉末A〜Dのもととなる合金のインゴットのそれぞれから液中秤量法によって見掛け密度を測定し、それを真密度とした。具体的には、原料粉末A〜DのFe基合金の組成で鋳造した外径30mm、高さ200mmのインゴットを、切断機で高さ5mmに切断した試料で評価している。測定の結果を表2に示す。
以下のようにして、磁心を作製した。A〜Dの原料粉末それぞれに対して、PVA(株式会社クラレ製ポバールPVA−205;固形分10%)をバインダーとし、溶媒としてイオン交換水を投入し、攪拌混合して泥漿(スラリー)とした。スラリー濃度は80質量%である。前記原料粉末100重量部に対して、バインダーは0.75重量部とし、スプレードライヤーで噴霧乾燥を行い、乾燥後の混合粉を篩に通して造粒粉を得た。この造粒粉に、原料粉末100重量部に対して0.4重量部の割合でステアリン酸亜鉛を添加、混合した。
以上の工程により作製した各磁心について以下の評価を行った。評価結果を表3に示す。表3において、比較例の試料には試料No.に*を付与して区別している。また、表中の回折ピーク強度欄で“−”で示す部分は、X線回折スペクトルにおいて回折ピークのピーク強度がノイズレベル以下である場合で、回折ピークの強度がベースラインを形成するノイズレベル(不回避的に得られるX線散乱)と同様か、又はそれより低くて、回折ピークの検出が困難で確認出来ないということを意味する。図3に試料No.5〜No.*9のX線回折強度を示す。図4はピーク強度比(P1/P2)と初透磁率μiとの関係を示す図であり、図5はピーク強度比(P3/P2)と初透磁率μiとの関係を示す図である。図6Aに試料No.6の磁心の断面のSEM画像を示し、図6B〜FにEDX(Energy Dispersive X−ray Spectroscopy)による試料No.6の磁心の断面の組成マッピング画像を示す。
円環状の磁心に対し、その寸法と質量から体積重量法により密度(kg/m3)を算出し、密度dsとした。密度dsを各Fe基合金の真密度で除して磁心の占積率(相対密度)[%]を算出した。なお、ここでの真密度も飽和磁束密度Bsを算出するのに用いた真密度に同じである。
円板状の磁心を被測定物とし、その対向する二平面に導電性接着剤を塗り、乾燥・固化の後、被測定物を電極の間にセットする。電気抵抗測定装置(株式会社エーディーシー製8340A)を用いて、100Vの直流電圧を印加し、抵抗値R(Ω)を測定する。被測定物の平面の面積A(m2)と厚みt(m)とを測定し、次式により比抵抗ρ(Ωm)を算出した。
比抵抗ρv(Ωm)=R×(A/t)
磁心の代表寸法は、外径φ13.5mm、高さ2mmである。
JIS Z2507に基づき、環状体の磁心を被測定物とし、引張・圧縮試験機(株式会社島津製作所製オートグラフAG−1)の定盤間に荷重方向が径方向となる様に被測定物を配置し、環状体の磁心の径方向に荷重をかけ、破壊時の最大加重P(N)を測定し、次式から圧環強度σr(MPa)を求めた。
圧環強度σr(MPa)=P×(D−d)/(I×d2)
[D:磁心の外径(mm)、d:磁心の厚み〔内外径差の1/2〕(mm)、I:磁心の高さ(mm)]
環状体の磁心を被測定物とし、一次側巻線と二次側巻線とをそれぞれ15ターン巻回し、岩通計測株式会社製B−HアナライザーSY−8232により、最大磁束密度30mT、周波数300kHzで磁心損失Pcv(kW/m3)を室温で測定した。
環状体の磁心を被測定物とし、導線を30ターン巻回し、LCRメータ(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社製4284A)により、周波数100kHzで室温にて測定したインダクタンスから次式により求めた。
初透磁率μi=(le×L)/(μ0×Ae×N2)
(le:磁路長、L:試料のインダクタンス(H)、μ0:真空の透磁率=4π×10−7(H/m)、Ae:磁心の断面積、N:コイルの巻数)
環状体の磁心を被測定物とし、導線を30ターン巻回してコイル部品とし、直流印加装置(42841A:ヒューレットパッカード社製)で10kA/mまでの直流磁界を印加した状態にて、LCRメータ(アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社社製4284A)によりインダクタンスLを周波数100kHzで室温にて測定した。得られたインダクタンスから前記初透磁率μiと同様に増分透磁率μΔを求めた。
トロイダル形状の磁心を切断し、切断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM/EDX:Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X−ray Spectroscopy)により観察し、元素マッピングを行なった(倍率:2000倍)。
X線回折装置(株式会社リガク製Rigaku RINT−2000)を使用し、X線回折法による回折スペクトルから、2θ=33.2°付近に表れるコランダム構造を有するFeの酸化物の回折ピークのピーク強度P1と、2θ=44.7°付近に表れるbcc構造を有するFe基合金の回折ピークのピーク強度P2と、2θ=26.6°付近に表れるFe3Al規則構造の超格子ピークのピーク強度P3とを求め、ピーク強度比(P1/P2、P3/P2)を算出した。X線回折強度測定の条件は、X線Cu−Kα、印加電圧40kV、電流100mA、発散スリット1°、散乱スリット1°、受光スリット0.3mm、走査を連続とし、走査速度2°/min、走査ステップ0.02°、走査範囲20〜110°とした。
3a,3b 鍔部
5 導線巻回部
10 コイル部品
20 コイル
25a,25b コイルの端部
50a,50b 金属端子
Claims (4)
- Alを含むFe基合金の粒子を用いた磁心であって、
前記Fe基合金の粒子同士がFe基合金に由来する酸化物を介して結合され、
CuのKα特性X線を用いて測定された前記磁心のX線回折スペクトルにおける、2θ=33.2°付近に表れるコランダム構造を有するFe酸化物の回折ピークのピーク強度P1と、2θ=44.7°付近に表れるbcc構造を有する前記Fe基合金の回折ピークのピーク強度P2とのピーク強度比(P1/P2)が0.015以下であり、且つX線回折スペクトルにおける、2θ=26.6°付近に表れるFe3Al規則構造の超格子ピークのピーク強度P3と、前記ピーク強度P2とのピーク強度比(P3/P2)が0.015以上0.050以下の磁心。 - 請求項1に記載の磁心であって、
初透磁率μiが55以上である磁心。 - 請求項1または2に記載の磁心であって、
前記Fe基合金が、組成式:aFebAlcCrdSiで表され、質量%で、a+b+c+d=100、13.8≦b≦16、0≦c≦7、0≦d≦1である磁心。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の磁心とコイルを備えたコイル部品。
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