WO2016037839A1 - Extrudierter cu-al-mn-hydrierkatalysator - Google Patents
Extrudierter cu-al-mn-hydrierkatalysator Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016037839A1 WO2016037839A1 PCT/EP2015/069349 EP2015069349W WO2016037839A1 WO 2016037839 A1 WO2016037839 A1 WO 2016037839A1 EP 2015069349 W EP2015069349 W EP 2015069349W WO 2016037839 A1 WO2016037839 A1 WO 2016037839A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- range
- catalyst
- precipitate
- extruded
- shaped
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 rare earths Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001935 peptisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 abstract description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 13
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7h-purine-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper chromite Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Cu]=O.O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O JGDFBJMWFLXCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPDFFVBPXCTEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Cu] HPDFFVBPXCTEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- ONEKODVPFBOORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl lauric acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(C)C(O)=O ONEKODVPFBOORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017356 Fe2C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007126 N-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbonate Chemical class N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011162 ammonium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FCBBRODPXVPZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-5-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CCCC FCBBRODPXVPZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KAQHZJVQFBJKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O KAQHZJVQFBJKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000026 rubidium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Inorganic materials [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
Definitions
- the invention relates to Cu-Al-Mn catalyst moldings in extruded form, and to processes for their preparation.
- the shaped catalyst bodies are suitable for the hydrogenation of organic compounds which contain a carbonyl function, in particular for the hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones and of carboxylic acids or their esters.
- Dicarboxylic acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride (MSA), or esters of diacids to di-alcohols, such as butanediol.
- MSA maleic anhydride
- esters of diacids to di-alcohols such as butanediol.
- Catalysts used are characterized by a high mechanical stability, which in the form of
- the stability results from a relatively high pressure during tableting. As a result, the powdery starting material is highly compressed and there are tablets with a relatively high bulk density. In addition, the strong compression reduces the pore volume and thus the
- Extrusion is processed to the corresponding shaped catalyst bodies. Extrudates usually have a higher pore volume than those prepared from the same powdery starting material
- composition such as the metals and binder types used, as well as by the physico-chemical properties.
- No. 5,977,010 describes a shaped catalyst body which contains (i) at least one metal from the group consisting of copper, manganese, zinc, nickel, cobalt and iron and additionally (ii) calcium silicate and (iii) at least one clay material.
- Catalysts are used for the hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones,
- Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid esters are Carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid esters.
- WO 92/10290 discloses shaped bodies of a copper chromite catalyst formed from a mixture of about 20 to 80% by weight of copper chromite and 20 to 80% by weight of at least one extrudable inorganic binder material.
- the catalysts have a surface area of 20 to 225 m ⁇ / g and the total pore volume is between 0.35 and 1 cm - ⁇ / g.
- This document describes a method of making the shaped copper-chromite catalyst by extrusion of a mixture of copper chromite, an extrudable inorganic
- Binder material a peptizer and water
- Alumina typically having a pseudo-boehmite or alpha-hydroxy boehmite structure.
- Catalyst can after calcination for the hydrogenation of various carbonyl compounds in the liquid or gas phase
- the catalyst has a surface area between 20 and 225 m 2 / g and a bulk density between 0.70 and 1.20 g / cm 2.
- WO 2006/005505 describes a process for hydrogenation
- the catalysts are prepared by shaping and then calcining a mixture of 50 to 80% by weight of copper oxide, 15 to 35% by weight of aluminum oxide, 2 to 20% by weight.
- WO 2005/058491 discloses CuO / A 2 O-containing shaped catalyst bodies in extrudate form.
- the catalysts are prepared by mixing boehmite etched with formic acid with a CUO / Al 2 O 3 containing active material and water. The mixture is then extruded into strands and calcined at 600 ° C.
- the catalysts have a bulk density between 790 and 960 g / l and pore volumes in the range of 0.31 to 0.59 cm - / g.
- Extrudates generally have a low mechanical stability compared to catalyst tablets, which manifests itself, for example, in a low lateral compressive strength.
- the binders used in extrudates often have a negative impact on the catalyst performance. Main influencing parameters are the
- Intrinsic activity of the binder matrix change in surface acidity, and diffusion effects in the matrix. These effects are described, for example, by K.P. de Jong in “Synthesis of Solid Catalysts", 2009, Wiley-VCH Verlag, p. 175 or in the dissertation by J.
- Catalyst tablets and extrudates not have, so a significantly higher pore volume and a significantly lower bulk density with at least comparable stability and activity compared to conventional, tabletted catalysts
- the invention relates to a shaped catalyst body in extruded form, containing Cu in an amount in the range of 20-43 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 25 - 42 wt .-%, AI in an amount in the range of 20 - 40 wt. %, preferably in the range of 25-34 wt.%, and Mn in an amount in the range of 1-10 wt.%, preferably in the range of 2-8 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range of 3-6 Wt .-%, based on the total weight of the shaped catalyst body in
- the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of Cu, Al and Mn-containing shaped catalyst bodies (Cu-Al-Mn catalyst bodies) in extruded form, the process comprising the following steps: (a) combining (i) at least one aqueous solution of
- Transition metal compounds and (ii) at least one aqueous carbonate-containing solution to form a precipitate, separating the precipitate, optionally washing the separated
- step (c) extruding the mixture obtained in step (b) to obtain an extrudate
- step (d) calcining the extrudate obtained in step (c) at a temperature in the range of 300 ° C to 750 ° C, preferably in the range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C, especially at about 750 ° C to obtain an extruded shaped article.
- the invention relates to the use of Cu-Al-Mn catalysts according to the invention for the hydrogenation of organic
- the extruded shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention contain copper in an amount in the range of 20-43% by weight, preferably in the range of 25-42% by weight, more preferably in the range of 30-35% by weight, based on the total weight of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form.
- the copper is essentially in the form of copper oxide (CuO), copper-aluminum spinel (such as CUAI2O), copper manganese spinel (such as CuMn2Ü or Cu ] _ 5Mn ⁇ 5O), elemental copper (Cu) and / or mixtures of it.
- the extruded shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention contain aluminum in an amount in the range of 20-40% by weight, preferably in the range of 25-34% by weight, based on the total weight of the
- Catalyst shaped body in extruded form The aluminum is present essentially in the form of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), copper-aluminum spinel (such as CUAl 2 O) and / or mixtures thereof.
- the extruded shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention contain manganese in an amount in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably in the range from 2 to 8% by weight, more preferably in the range from 3 to 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form.
- the manganese is essentially in the form of manganese oxide (MnO, Mn 2 C> 3, Mn 3 0 4 , MnC> 2, Mn 2 0 7 ), copper-manganese spinel (such as CuMn2Ü4 or Cu ] _ 5Mn ⁇ 5O) and / or mixtures thereof.
- the extruded shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention particularly preferably comprise copper in an amount in the range of 25-42% by weight, in particular in the range of 30-35% by weight, aluminum in an amount in the range of 25-34% by weight and manganese in an amount in the range of 2 to 8 wt .-%, in particular in the range of 3 to 6 wt .-% based on the total weight of the shaped catalyst body in
- the shaped catalyst body of the invention has a pore volume in the range of 250 to 700 mm - / g, preferably in the range of 400 to 650 mm - / g, more preferably in the range of 450 to 600 mm ⁇ / g, determined by mercury intrusion according to DIN 66133 , on.
- the shaped catalyst body has a monomodal pore radius distribution, wherein 50% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more of the pore volume is formed by pores having a pore radius in the range of 7 to 40 nm, the pore radius distribution and the
- Pore volume can be determined by mercury intrusion according to DIN 66133.
- the shaped catalyst bodies preferably have a bulk density in the range from 300 to 800 g / l, preferably in the range from 400 to 700 g / l and particularly preferably in the range from 450 to 650 g / l, determined according to DIN ISO 903.
- the at least one further metal is preferably selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earths, Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Zr, W, Mo and mixtures thereof, in particular selected from Na, Mg, Ce, Co , Zn, Zr and mixtures thereof.
- the at least one further metal may be present in the form of a metal oxide of the abovementioned metals in the shaped catalyst body according to the invention.
- the metal oxide may be one or more oxides of the above
- the at least one more metal is in the
- Catalyst molding in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 12 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 1-7 wt .-%, particularly preferably in the range of 3-5 wt .-% based on the total weight of
- Catalyst shaped bodies in extruded form included.
- the catalyst moldings particularly preferably comprise at least one further metal selected from the group consisting of Na, Mg, Ce, Co, Zn, Zr and mixtures thereof in an amount in the range from 3 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the catalyst moldings in extruded form Shape.
- the further metal can be present in the metal oxide in different stoichiometric compositions with the oxygen and / or in one or more different oxidation states.
- S may, for example, Fe as iron oxide, such as FeO, Fe2C> 3, Fe Oz j , Fe2Ü or mixtures thereof, Ni as nickel oxide, such as NiO, N12O3, N1O2 N13O or mixtures thereof, Cr as chromium oxide, such as C ⁇ O, Cu-chromate such as CuCrC> 4 or CuCr2Ü, Cu-chromite, such as CuCr2Ü or mixtures thereof, Co as cobalt oxide, such as CoO, C02O3 or C03O4, Zn as zinc oxide, such as ZnO and Zr as zirconium oxide, such as ZrC> 2.
- the Cu, Al and Mn-containing catalyst molding according to the invention in reduced form has a Cu metal surface, based on the amount of Cu contained in the catalyst moldings, in the range of 20 m ⁇ / g ⁇ to 60 m ⁇ / g ⁇ , preferably in the range of 25 m ⁇ / g ⁇ to 50 m ⁇ / g ⁇ , particularly preferably in the range of 30 m ⁇ / g ⁇ to 45 m ⁇ / g ⁇ on.
- the Cu metal surface of the shaped catalyst bodies is determined by the principle of O-pulse chemisorption, as described, for example, in GC Chinchen, C.M. Hay, HD Vandervell, KC Waugh, "The Measurement of Copper Surface Areas by Reactive Frontal Chromatography", Journal of
- Thermal conductivity detector can be determined.
- the shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention preferably have a lateral compressive strength, measured in accordance with DIN EN 1094-5, based on the length of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form, in the range from 5 to 40 N / mm, preferably in the range from 10 to 30 N / mm.
- the shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention in extruded form usually have a length in the range of 2 to 12 mm, preferably in the range of 3 to 10 mm, in particular 4 to 7 mm.
- the determination of the lengths of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form may be carried out, for example, by means of a commercially available apparatus, e.g. a Retsch Camsizer®.
- the lengths of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form may be carried out, for example, by means of a commercially available apparatus, e.g. a Retsch Camsizer®.
- the lengths of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form may be carried out, for example
- Catalyst moldings (eg from 30 to 200, preferably 50 to 120, for example, 100 shaped catalyst bodies) determined. From the values obtained for lateral compressive strength (in N), the arithmetic mean is formed. The length of the
- Catalyst side-body-related lateral compressive strength (in N / mm) is obtained by normalizing the arithmetic mean of the lateral compressive strength to the arithmetic average length of the shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form.
- the extrudates preferably have a diameter in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably in the range of 1 to 6 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3.5 mm.
- Diameter of the shaped catalyst body can be analyzed for example with a Retsch Camsizer®.
- Shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form grooves in the longitudinal direction with a depth in the range of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm, preferably of about 0.7 mm and a width in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 mm,
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of Cu, Al and Mn-containing shaped catalyst bodies in extruded form.
- extruded catalyst moldings are first at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally other metal compounds and at least one aqueous
- aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally other metal compounds in the context of the present invention includes both aqueous solutions and aqueous suspensions and aqueous slurries of the copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally other metal compounds, wherein aqueous solutions are preferred.
- the at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds is prepared, for example Dissolving, suspending and / or slurrying, preferably by dissolving, at least one copper compound, at least one
- Aluminum compound at least one manganese compound and
- Carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, hydroxocarbonates, their halides, such as chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides, and / or their sulfates are used.
- oxides of the metals such as copper oxide and / or
- Alumina and / or manganese oxide are used to prepare the aqueous solutions, then these are preferably partially or completely dissolved by adding a suitable mineral acid.
- the copper in copper oxide may be in one or more different oxidation states, such as cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, or mixtures thereof.
- the mineral acid is preferably selected from HNO3, HCl, H2SO and mixtures thereof.
- Preferred copper compounds are copper oxide (CU2O and / or CuO), copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper carbonate, copper hydroxocarbonate (CuC0 3 -Cu (OH) 2 and / or (CuC0 3 ) 2 .Cu (OH) 2 ), copper acetate and
- Copper sulphate in particular copper nitrate.
- Preferred aluminum compounds are aluminum nitrate
- Preferred manganese compounds are manganese nitrate, manganese hydroxide, manganese oxide, manganese chloride (MnCl 2) and manganese sulfate, manganese carbonate, in particular manganese nitrate and manganese carbonate.
- the other metal compounds are preferably selected from alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, Rare earth metal compounds and transition metal compounds (other than copper and manganese compounds).
- Particularly preferred alkali metal compounds are compounds of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and mixtures thereof, in particular
- Alkaline earth metal compounds are compounds of magnesium
- transition metal compounds other than copper and manganese compounds are compounds of zinc, silicon, titanium, nickel, chromium, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, zirconium and mixtures thereof, in particular compounds of zinc, cobalt, zirconium and mixtures thereof.
- the other metal compounds used are preferably in water, acids or alkalis readily soluble compounds of the metals mentioned. In particular, the salts of the metals are used.
- nitrates such as zinc, cerium and / or zirconium nitrate
- their halides such as zinc, cerium and / or zirconium chloride, bromide and / or iodide
- their oxides such as zinc, Cerium and / or zirconium oxides and / or their sulfates, such as zinc, cerium and / or zirconium sulfate used.
- the other metal compounds are selected from the group consisting of cerium nitrate, zinc chloride, zirconium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
- Oxidation levels are present.
- aqueous solutions of other metal compounds are used, then these are preferably by adding a suitable solvent.
- the at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds may be in the form of several separate aqueous solutions of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds
- one or more common aqueous solutions may be provided. These can be prepared by dissolving copper and / or aluminum and / or manganese and / or optionally further metal compounds in a common container. The combination of above-mentioned separate solutions to a common solution is also possible.
- the aqueous carbonate-containing solution is preferably prepared by dissolving at least one alkali carbonate (such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium carbonate),
- Alkaline earth carbonate such as magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
- ammonium carbonate or mixtures thereof in water Likewise, the corresponding bicarbonates or any mixtures of carbonates and bicarbonates can be used simultaneously with or instead of the carbonates.
- alkali carbonates Preferably, alkali carbonates, ammonium carbonates,
- Alkali bicarbonates used.
- Preferred alkali metal carbonates are sodium and potassium carbonate, especially sodium carbonate.
- Preferred alkali metal bicarbonates are sodium and potassium bicarbonate, in particular
- Sodium bicarbonate Particularly preferred is the use of sodium carbonate and / or sodium bicarbonate.
- the combining in step (a) may be accomplished by subjecting the at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds (either in separate solutions and / or in one or more common solutions and / or as Solution mixture) and the
- At least one aqueous carbonate-containing solution at the same time in a common container, such as a precipitation container, are given.
- a common container such as a precipitation container
- step (a) can also be carried out by dissolving the at least one aqueous solution of
- Metal compounds (either in separate solutions and / or in one or more common solutions and / or as a solution mixture) to the (at least one aqueous carbonate containing solution, for example, in one or more containers such as one or more precipitation containers) is added.
- Step (a) also take place by the at least one aqueous carbonate-containing solution to the (for example, in one or more containers, such as one or more precipitation containers) submitted at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds is added ,
- the at least one aqueous solution of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds is before the
- a temperature above 20 ° C such as at a temperature in the range of 50 ° C to 90 ° C,
- the at least one carbonate-containing solution prior to combining is preferably heated to a temperature above 20 ° C, such as at a temperature in the range of 50 ° C to 90 ° C, for example.
- optionally further metal compounds and the at least one carbonate-containing solution to a temperature in the range of 50 ° C to 90 ° C, in particular heated to about 80 ° C and thereby preferably stirred.
- a precipitate forms in the mixture (hereinafter also referred to as a precipitate-containing solution mixture).
- the combining of the solutions is usually carried out in a stirred container.
- the container is preferably equipped with a slanted blade stirrer,
- the combining of the solutions in step (a) is carried out by metering in volume flows of aqueous solutions of copper, aluminum, manganese and
- Solutions of copper, aluminum, manganese and optionally further metal compounds may be present as separate solutions and / or as one or more common solutions
- the precipitate-containing solution mixture is preferably at a temperature above 20 ° C and in particular at a temperature in
- the precipitate-containing solution mixture is at least 30 minutes
- the pH of the mixture is preferably maintained at a value in the range of 5.0 to 8.5 throughout, especially in the range of 6.0 to 7.5, preferably about 6.8.
- the precipitate is preferably separated by filtration.
- the precipitate may be separated by decanting or centrifuging. Subsequently, the separated precipitate is subjected to drying. The drying can
- This suspension is then preferably metered via a nozzle into a spray dryer.
- the temperature in the spray dryer during drying is preferably in a range of 75 ° C to 130 ° C, in particular in a range of 90 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the characteristic for the drying is preferably in a range of 75 ° C to 130 ° C, in particular in a range of 90 ° C to 120 ° C.
- Exit temperature is preferably in the range of 90 ° C to 120 ° C and is usually by the parameters, such as sprayed amount of suspension, solids content of the suspension (and thus the amount of water which must be evaporated) or temperature in
- Controlled spray dryer The treatment of the material with the spray dryer results in particular in a dry powder.
- the separated precipitate may be subjected to one or more washing steps prior to drying.
- the precipitate of the precipitate-containing solution mixture can first be separated by using a filter press and then flowed through in the filter press with water and thereby washed.
- Filtered, decanting or centrifuging are slurried in a container and then separated again from the liquid phase using a filter press, a centrifuge or a decanter. This process is usually carried out one or more times until a certain conductivity of the filtrate is reached.
- the conductivity usually correlates with the concentration of sodium ions.
- the conductivity of the filtrate of the last washing operation is preferably 0.5 mS / cm or less, more preferably 0.2 mS / cm or less.
- the conductivity is determined according to DIN 38404, Part 8.
- Precipitate is then mixed in step (b) with an aluminum-containing binder.
- step (b) comprises
- Steps (bl), (b2) and (b3) A part of the dried precipitate obtained in step (a) is subjected to calcining in step (bl). This obtained in step (bl)
- the calcination in step (bl) is carried out by a thermal treatment, wherein the temperature in the range of 250 ° C to 900 ° C, preferably in a range of 300 ° C to 750 ° C, more preferably in a range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C is located.
- the calcination may be carried out under air, inert gas (such as argon or nitrogen), oxygen or mixtures thereof.
- Calcination may be discontinuous, e.g. in a tray oven or continuously, e.g. be carried out in a rotary kiln.
- Calcination in the rotary kiln can be controlled by the residence time and various heating zones.
- the residence time and various heating zones Preferably, the
- Rotary kiln 1 to 10 different heating zones in particular about 5 heating zones.
- the temperature in the various heating zones is, for example, in the range of 300 ° C to 400 ° C for the first
- Heating zone in the range of 500 ° C to 600 ° C for the second heating zone, in the range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C for the third heating zone, in the range of 650 ° C to 800 ° C for the fourth heating zone and in the range of 500 ° C to 700 ° C for the fifth heating zone.
- the residence time in the various heating zones is preferably in the range of 5 minutes to 60 minutes, in particular in the range of 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
- the temperature profile may include, for example, heating at a rate of 2 ° C / min from 20 ° C to 750 ° C, holding for 3 hours at 750 ° C and cooling at a rate of 2 ° C / min to 20 ° C.
- the calcined precipitate obtained by the calcination in step (bl) is recovered in step (b2) with dried uncalcined precipitate obtained in step (a) in a weight ratio of uncalcined precipitate to calcined precipitate in the range of 2:98 to 98: 2, preferably Range of 10:90 to 90:10, more preferably in the range of 15:85 to 85:15, and more preferably in the range of 20:80 to 50:50 mixed.
- the resulting mixture of uncalcined and calcined precipitate is then mixed in step (b3) with an aluminum-containing binder.
- an aluminum-containing binder based on alumina is preferably used.
- Aluminum-containing alumina-based binders are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of boehmite (AIO (OH)) and pseudoboehmite (gelatinous / colloidal boehmite). Boehmit will be seen in particular in the 9th edition of Strunz '
- the aluminum-containing alumina-based binder which is mixed in step (b) or (b3) with the dried precipitate obtained in step (a) or the mixture obtained in step (b2), is peptized with an acid, wherein the Peptize before mixing and / or during mixing.
- Peptization is an important step in the generation of pore volume.
- Both inorganic acids such as HNO3, H2SO or HCl and organic acids can be used for peptization.
- the use of strong inorganic acids or strong organic acids, such as formic acid usually results in a lower pore volume.
- For peptization according to the present invention are preferably different from formic acid organic Acids, preferably acetic acid or citric acid used.
- the acid is used in an amount in the range of 0.5 and 0.01 wt .-%, based on the amount of aluminum-containing binder.
- dilute acids such as 50% acetic acid, the acidity / binder ratio is calculated on the basis of the undiluted acid content.
- the boehmite and / or pseudoboehmite used is preferably used as a powder.
- the powder preferably has a particle size D50 in the range of 10 to 40 ⁇ , preferably from 15 to 35 ⁇ and particularly preferably from 20 to 30 ⁇ , determined according to the
- the boehmite or pseudoboehmite used preferably has a pore volume in the range of 300-700 mm-1 / g, preferably in the range of 400-600 mm-1 / g and particularly preferably in the range of 450. 550 mm ⁇ / g.
- boehmite and / or pseudoboehmite in powder form having a particle size D5 Q in the range of 10 to 40 ⁇ and a pore volume in the range of 300-700 mm - / g, more preferably with a particle size D5 Q in the range of 15 to 35 ⁇ and a pore volume in the range of 400-600 mm - ⁇ / g, in particular with a particle size D5 Q in the range of 20 to 30 ⁇ and a
- Suitable boehmite or pseudoboehmite powders are sold, for example, by the company Sasol under the name Pural or by the companies Akzo Nobel or Nabaltec.
- step (b2) The mixing of the dried precipitate obtained in step (a) or the mixture of calcined and uncalcined precipitate obtained in step (b2) with that described above
- aluminum-containing binder can be known by the person skilled in the art
- Procedures that provide for mixing occur.
- the mixing can be done in intensive mixers such as an Eirich mixer or else by means of a plowshare mixer or Lödiger mixer.
- intensive mixers such as an Eirich mixer or else by means of a plowshare mixer or Lödiger mixer.
- kneaders can also be used for mixing powders.
- step (b) or in step (b3) in step (c) is added by methods known to the person skilled in the art Catalyst moldings extruded to obtain an extrudate.
- extrudates are strands and rib strands.
- a lubricant is added in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the mass to be extruded. More preferably, the lubricant is used in an amount in the range of 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 1 to 4 wt .-%, based on the
- Lubricant is preferably graphite, oil or fatty acid salt, preferably graphite or steatite oil.
- step (c) The extrudate obtained in step (c) is optionally dried in step (c1). Drying of the extrudate may be accomplished by heating to a temperature in the range of 75 ° C to 130 ° C, for example in an oven such as a tray oven.
- step (c) the extrudate obtained in step (c) or the dried extrudate obtained in step (cl) in step (d) at a temperature in the range of 300 ° C to 750 ° C, preferably in the range of 600 ° C to 750 ° C. , in particular calcined at about 750 ° C to obtain an extruded shaped body.
- step (d) the extruded shaped catalyst body obtained in step (d) is reduced in a step (e).
- the reduction is preferably carried out by heating the extruded shaped catalyst body in a reducing atmosphere.
- the reducing atmosphere is hydrogen.
- the reduction takes place for example in a
- the reduction takes place at a Temperature in the range of 190 ° C to 210 ° C over a period of 24 to 48 hours.
- the shaped catalyst bodies are stabilized wet or dry after the reduction.
- wet stabilization the moldings are covered with liquid to contact with
- Suitable liquids include organic liquids and water, preferably organic
- organic liquids are those which have a vapor pressure of 0.5 hPa or less at 20 ° C.
- suitable organic liquids are iso-decanol, nafol, fatty alcohols, hexadecane, 2-ethyl-hexanol, propylene glycol and mixtures thereof, in particular iso-decanol.
- the reduction reactor is a mixture of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas
- the concentration of oxygen in the mixture is preferably increased from about 0.04 vol.% To about 21 vol.%.
- a mixture of air and inert gas can be metered in, wherein the ratio of air to inert gas is initially about 0.2% by volume of air to 99.8% by volume of inert gas. The ratio of air to inert gas is then gradually increased (e.g., continuously or stepwise) until, for example, 100% by volume of air is metered in (which corresponds to an oxygen concentration of about 21% by volume).
- 100% by volume of air which corresponds to an oxygen concentration of about 21% by volume
- Oxide layer having a thickness of, for example, 0.5 to 50 nm, preferably 1 to 20 nm, in particular 1 to 10 nm at the surface of the catalyst is formed, which protects the shaped catalyst body from further oxidation.
- the reactor temperature is preferably 100 ° C or less
- the shaped catalyst bodies according to the invention are suitable for use in numerous reactions. Possible reactions include, synthesis gas reactions, methanol syntheses, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, pyridine syntheses, ester hydrogenolysis, amination reactions, N-alkylations, hydrogenations of nitriles to amines, hydrogenation of acrylonitrile, hydrogenation of fatty acid esters, hydrogenation of diesters to diols (especially maleic esters) , Hydrogenation of sugars to polyols, alkylation of a phenol with alcohol, amination of an alcohol, dehydration of an alcohol, hydrogenation of an aldehyde, hydrogenation of an amide, hydrogenation of a fatty acid, for example by
- Esterification and subsequent hydrogenolysis selective hydrogenation of a fat, selective hydrogenation of an oil, hydrogenation of a nitrile, hydrogenation of a nitroaromatic hydrocarbon, hydrogenation of a ketone, hydrogenation of furfural, hydrogenation of an ester and hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methanol.
- Catalysts prepared according to the invention for the hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds in particular for the hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and / or their esters or di-carboxylic acids and / or their di-esters, most preferably for the hydrogenation of fatty acid esters, in particular fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably fatty acid methyl esters or maleic acid esters used.
- the catalyst molding according to the invention is suitable for the wet phase hydrogenation of carboxylic acids, preferably of fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures having 5 to 24 carbon atoms and / or their esters, optionally in admixture with alcohols, in the corresponding
- the fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures can be esterified in situ with alcohols present in the reaction mixture.
- Preferred alcohols present in the reaction mixture are fatty alcohols or mixtures of fatty alcohols containing 5 to 24 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred is the use of the above-described catalyst for the hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl ester. Determination of physical parameters
- Conductivity is determined according to DIN 38404, Part 8.
- Particle size D5 Q is determined according to the laser diffraction method according to DIN ISO 13320.
- Residual glow loss is determined according to DIN EN 196-2.
- Pore volume and pore radius distribution are through
- Cu metal surface is determined by N20 pulse chemisorption.
- the length distribution of the shaped catalyst bodies is determined using a Camsizer® from RETSCH GmbH, Germany.
- the stated length of the shaped catalyst bodies is usually the arithmetic mean of the measured lengths.
- Solution 1 is prepared from 1250 g of Cu (NC> 3) 2 x H2O, 220 g
- Solution 2 is prepared from 1720 g of Na 2 CC> 3 and 7.5 LH 2 0. The two solutions are heated to 80 ° C while stirring. These are then metered into a precipitation tank. The pH in the precipitation tank is 6.8. The volume flows of solution 1 and 2 are so
- Residual glow loss at 1000 ° C (LOI) is about 5%.
- Example 2 (Preparation of shaped catalyst body 2)
- the mixture is extruded into strands with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length in the range of 3 to 10 mm.
- the extrudates are dried at 120 ° C for 16 hours and then calcined at 750 ° C for 3 hours.
- the mixture is extruded into strands with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length in the range of 3 to 10 mm.
- the extrudates are dried at 120 ° C for 16 hours and then calcined at 750 ° C for 3 hours.
- the mixture is extruded into strands with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length in the range of 3 to 10 mm.
- the extrudates are dried at 120 ° C for 16 hours and then calcined at 750 ° C for 3 hours.
- the mixture is extruded into strands with a diameter of 3.2 mm and a length in the range of 3 to 10 mm.
- the extrudates are dried at 120 ° C for 16 hours and then calcined at 750 ° C for 3 hours.
- Die for grooved extrudates is used (diameter about 3.2 mm). The drying and calcination was also carried out analogously as described in Example 3. The finished extrudates have three longitudinal grooves with a depth of about 0.7 mm and a width of about 1.2 mm.
- the mixture is extruded (diameter 3.2 mm).
- the extrudates are dried at 120 ° C for 16 hours and then calcined at 750 ° C for 3 hours.
- the pore volume is determined by mercury intrusion according to DIN 66133.
- Table 1 shows the pore volume of the catalysts of the invention and reference catalysts:
- Pore volume pore radius ranges
- Mastersizer 2000 according to the manufacturer's instructions, whereby the sample is homogenized in deionized water without addition of auxiliaries prior to the measurement and sonicated for 5 minutes.
- the specified D values are based on the sample volume.
- the Cu metal surface of the catalysts is determined by the principle of N2O decomposition (N20 pulse chemisorption):
- Thermal conductivity detector is determined.
- the lateral compressive strength is determined according to DIN EN 1094-5.
- the lateral compressive strength results from the arithmetic mean of 100 measurements.
- Extrusions are based on the length of the measured extrudates in N per mm extrudate length, wherein the length of the extrudates is the arithmetic mean of the measured lengths of about 100
- Catalyst moldings in extruded form is.
- a concrete value for the lateral compressive strength can be given due to the constant dimensions.
- the activity of the catalysts is investigated with respect to the hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).
- FAME fatty acid methyl ester
- an electrically heated fixed bed reactor with a reactor volume of 25 ml is used.
- Reaction temperature 160 ° C, 180 ° C, 240 ° C
- Catalyst molding 5 95, 0 75, 1 61, 0 1.1 0.1 0.0
- Profitability in particular an increase in sales to the target product is achieved.
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Abstract
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JP2017513213A JP6499753B2 (ja) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | 押出Cu−Al−Mn水素化触媒 |
EP15756886.6A EP3191432A1 (de) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | Extrudierter cu-al-mn-hydrierkatalysator |
US15/508,234 US10639616B2 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | Extruded Cu—Al—Mn hydrogenation catalyst |
SG11201701892TA SG11201701892TA (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | Extruded cu-al-mn hydrogenation catalyst |
MYPI2017000318A MY177329A (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | Extruded cu-al-mn hydrogenation catalyst |
CN201580048617.3A CN107073457B (zh) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | 挤出的Cu-Al-Mn氢化催化剂 |
KR1020177009994A KR101958179B1 (ko) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-24 | 압출 Cu-Al-Mn 수소화 촉매 |
PH12017500420A PH12017500420A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2017-03-06 | Extruded cu-al-mn hydrogenation catalyst |
SA517381066A SA517381066B1 (ar) | 2014-09-12 | 2017-03-09 | محفز هدرجة نحاس-ألومنيوم-منغنيز ناتج عن عملية بثق |
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DE102014013530.6A DE102014013530A1 (de) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Extrudierter Cu-Al-Mn-Hydrierkatalysator |
DE102014013530.6 | 2014-09-12 |
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US (1) | US10639616B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3191432A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6499753B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101958179B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN107073457B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014013530A1 (de) |
MY (1) | MY177329A (de) |
PH (1) | PH12017500420A1 (de) |
SA (1) | SA517381066B1 (de) |
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CN106552631A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-05 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种制备环己基‑1,4‑二甲醛的催化剂 |
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DE102012019123B4 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2021-10-21 | Clariant International Ltd. | Hydrierkatalysator und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung durch die Verwendung von unkalziniertem Ausgangsmaterial |
DE102014004413A1 (de) | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Clariant International Ltd. | Hydrierkatalysator und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
KR102044877B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-11-14 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 일산화탄소 고선택성 흡착제 및 이의 제조방법 |
RU2689417C1 (ru) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-05-28 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет" (Новосибирский государственный университет, НГУ) | Способ приготовления катализатора селективного гидрирования фурфурола |
RU2689418C1 (ru) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-05-28 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет" (Новосибирский государственный университет, НГУ) | Катализатор селективного гидрирования фурфурола |
SG11202110743UA (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-10-28 | Basf Corp | Copper extrudate catalyst and applications for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis |
DE102019131569A1 (de) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | Clariant International Ltd | Chromfreier wasser- und saeurestabiler katalysator fuer hydrierungen |
DE102020106964A1 (de) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | Clariant International Ltd | Chromfreier hydrierkatalysator mit erhoehter wasser- und saeurestabilitaet |
KR102571531B1 (ko) | 2021-09-10 | 2023-08-29 | 한국화학연구원 | 압출 성형에 의한 co2 직접 수소화 촉매의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 co2 직접 수소화 촉매 |
WO2023246892A1 (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | Basf Corporation | Shaped catalyst body |
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Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN106552631A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-05 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种制备环己基‑1,4‑二甲醛的催化剂 |
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KR20170054490A (ko) | 2017-05-17 |
JP6499753B2 (ja) | 2019-04-10 |
DE102014013530A1 (de) | 2016-03-17 |
SG11201701892TA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
KR101958179B1 (ko) | 2019-03-15 |
SA517381066B1 (ar) | 2021-03-29 |
PH12017500420A1 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
CN107073457A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
US10639616B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
MY177329A (en) | 2020-09-12 |
EP3191432A1 (de) | 2017-07-19 |
US20170252727A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN107073457B (zh) | 2020-08-18 |
JP2017528313A (ja) | 2017-09-28 |
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