WO2011091645A1 - 一种适合于结构件制造的铝合金制品及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种适合于结构件制造的铝合金制品及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011091645A1 WO2011091645A1 PCT/CN2010/074529 CN2010074529W WO2011091645A1 WO 2011091645 A1 WO2011091645 A1 WO 2011091645A1 CN 2010074529 W CN2010074529 W CN 2010074529W WO 2011091645 A1 WO2011091645 A1 WO 2011091645A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the technical field involved in the present invention is an aluminum alloy, especially named by the International Aluminum Association.
- the present invention relates to a 7xxx series aluminum alloy article having a relatively large thickness, i.e., 30 to 360 mm thick. While the most typical applications of the present invention are large thickness forgings and rolled sheet products, they can also be applied to extruded and cast articles having overall or partial large thickness characteristics. Background technique
- the upper end of the aircraft wing or wing body docking structure As is well known in the aerospace manufacturing industry, it is generally desirable to have optimum compressive yield strength and acceptable damage tolerance properties for the upper end of the aircraft wing or wing body docking structure, while for aircraft wings or wing bodies.
- the lower end manufacturing material of the butt joint structure is generally expected to have an optimum damage tolerance property and an acceptable tensile yield strength.
- the above object can be achieved by selecting aluminum alloy parts of different compositions. Assembled by means of - if the design of the upper end of the aircraft wing or wing body docking structure is selected, the 7150, 7055, 7449 alloys with higher compression yield strength and acceptable damage tolerance are used in the aircraft.
- the 2324, 2524 alloy with acceptable tensile yield strength and the best damage tolerance performance is selected; however, (1) when the above structure is designed as a whole In the case of a single alloy article selected, it should have not only the best tensile and compressive yield strength, but also Good damage tolerance, that is with the so-called "best group performance (2)—These monolithic members tend to have large local heights, resulting in aluminum alloys used to make these monolithic components also having a large thickness (30 mm or more, or even 360 mm), To ensure the consistency of the performance of each part of the monolithic component, it is required that the performance of different parts inside the aluminum alloy product be highly uniform.
- 7050, 7150 alloy, etc. are high-strength and high-strength aluminum alloys that are recognized by the industry as having good balance of properties.
- 7050 and 7150 alloy products with thickness of 20 ⁇ 80 mm the surface layer and core have good comprehensive performance.
- acceptable internal and external performance differences, however, for 7050, 7150 alloy products with a thickness of 150 mm although the overall performance of the surface layer can still maintain the original good characteristics, the yield strength of the core is at least lower than that of the surface layer.
- 7055, 7449 alloys, etc. are recognized as high-strength deformed aluminum alloys in the industry, for the thickness of 20 ⁇ 60 mm of 7055, 7449 alloy products, the surface layer Both the core and the core have good high strength characteristics and acceptable internal and external performance differences.
- 7055 and 7449 alloy products with a thickness of 100 mm although the high strength characteristics and other comprehensive properties of the surface layer can be basically maintained, Core yield strength, elongation, fracture toughness, fatigue fracture threshold, corrosion Energy, etc. Compared with the surface, also decreased by between 10 to 25%.
- a well-recognized principle is that in the design of aircraft structures, designers generally use the minimum guaranteed performance of a material product as the basis for selection.
- a material product such as below 80 mm
- Small products such as below 80 mm
- the minimum guaranteed performance of the product can fully meet some structural requirements with high load bearing requirements.
- Manufacturing material selection requirements but when these alloys are processed into large thickness products, the core performance degradation is too large, and the minimum guaranteed performance of the product has been difficult to meet the requirements for the manufacture of structural parts with high load bearing requirements.
- Figure 1 shows the quenching and cooling curve of 7xxx series aluminum alloy large-thickness products. It can be seen that under certain quenching conditions, the quenching cooling process and cooling rate of different thickness parts of the product are obviously different. The quenching rate of the core of the article is much slower than the quenching rate of the surface layer.
- Figure 2 shows the size and distribution of the second phase formed by the decomposition of the alloy supersaturated solid solution during the quenching process of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy large-thickness product.
- the quenching cooling rate near the core of the product is low, which causes The alloy is supersaturated and solid solution decomposed, and the solute elements are largely desolvated and grown into coarser quenched precipitates.
- the production of these coarse quenched precipitates not only reduces the supersaturation of the solute elements in the core matrix of the alloy products, but also further The amount of precipitation strengthening phase that can be formed during the aging heat treatment is reduced, and the strength properties of the portion are deteriorated, and it is highly likely to become the initial crack initiation and micro-region corrosion source, and deteriorate other properties of the portion, such as elongation and fracture toughness.
- Zn, Mg, and Cu are recognized as main alloying elements.
- the main purpose of adding Zn and Mg is to form a composition of MgZn 2 in the alloy, which is coherent or half with the matrix.
- the precipitation strengthening phase of the coherent relationship; while the addition of Cu, on the one hand, is expected to be dissolved in the matrix or the precipitated phase, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved by changing the electrode potential.
- the presence of Cu can accelerate the formation of the precipitated phase and enhance the high temperature stability of the precipitated phase.
- the content of Cu exceeds its solid solubility limit in the matrix and the precipitate phase, it can also form Al 2 .
- the precipitated strengthening phase composed of Cu chemical composition and other Cu-rich ternary or quaternary phases complement and strengthen the alloy.
- the change of Zn content in a large range is not sensitive, but it is very sensitive to the change of Cu content. That is, under a specific quenching cooling rate, the excess of Cu tends to cause a rapid decrease in the stability of the alloy supersaturated solid solution.
- the composition range is: Zn 6 ⁇ 10 wt%, Mg l .2 ⁇ 1.9 wt%, Cu 1.2 ⁇ 1.9 wt%, Zr ⁇ 0.4 wt%, Sc ⁇ 0.4 wt%, Hf ⁇ 0.3 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.06 wt% , Ca ⁇ 0.03 wt%, Sr ⁇ 0.03 wt%, Be ⁇ 0.002 wt%, Mn ⁇ 0.3 wt%, Fe ⁇ 0.25 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.25 wt%, the balance being Al; and the preferred composition range thereof is : Zn 6.4 - 9.5 wt%, Mg 1.3 ⁇ 1.7 wt%, Cu 1.3 ⁇ 1.9 wt%, Zr 0.05 - 0.2 wt%, And Mg wt% ⁇ (Cu wt% + 0.3 wt%).
- the yield strength/fracture toughness of the core of the product can reach 516 MPa/36.6 MPa*m 1/ 2 (You can adjust the heat treatment system to increase the yield strength, reduce the fracture toughness value, or reduce the yield strength and increase the fracture toughness value).
- the yield strength of the core of the product can reach 489.
- the basic composition range is: Zn 6.5 ⁇ 9.5wt%, Mg 1.2 ⁇ 2.2wt%, Cu l .0 ⁇ 1.9wt%, Zr ⁇ 0.5wt%, Sc ⁇ 0.7wt%, Cr ⁇ 0.4wt%, Hf ⁇ 0.3wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.4wt %, V ⁇ 0.4wt%, Mn ⁇ 0.8wt%, Fe ⁇ 0.3wt%, Si ⁇ 0.2wt%, other impurities or incidental elements each ⁇ 0.05wt%, total amount ⁇ 0.15wt%, the remainder being A1; Meanwhile, (0.9 Mg - 0.6) ⁇ Cu ⁇ (0.9 Mg + 0.05) is preferred.
- the ultimate tensile strength/yield strength/elongation of the 1/4 thickness of the product under T7 overaging (including T76, ⁇ 74) / fracture toughness value / anti-flaking corrosion performance can reach 523 MPa / 494 MPa / 10.5% / 39 MPa * m 1/2 / EA (can adjust the heat treatment system to increase the yield strength, reduce the elongation and fracture toughness value, or Lowering the yield strength, increasing the elongation and the fracture toughness) also shows excellent performance balance and low quench sensitivity characteristics.
- the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose an aluminum alloy product suitable for the manufacture of structural parts, which can obtain a superior strength and damage capacity of a 7xxx series aluminum alloy product having a large thickness.
- the combination of limited performance; at the same time, the alloy products have better consistency in the surface layer, the different depths below the surface layer and the properties between the cores.
- a second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the aluminum alloy deformed product.
- a third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a method of preparing the aluminum alloy cast processed product.
- a fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a new product formed by welding the aluminum alloy article with itself or other alloys.
- a fifth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a final member in which the aluminum alloy article is processed by mechanical processing, chemical milling, electric discharge machining or laser processing.
- a sixth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose the application of the final member.
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy article suitable for the manufacture of structural members, which is manufactured using a semi-continuous casting ingot and contains the following components in weight percent: Zn7.5 ⁇ 8.7, Mg 1.1-2.3, Cu 0.5-1.9, Zr 0.03 -0.20, and the remainder are Al, incidental elements and impurities, where: (a) 10.5 ⁇ Zn+Mg+Cu ⁇ 11.0; (b) 5.3 ⁇ (Zn/Mg)+Cu ⁇ 6.0 ; and (c) (0.24-D/4800) ⁇ Zr ⁇ (0.24-D/5000), where D is the minimum length of the line segment connecting any two points on the outer circumference of the ingot cross section and passing through the geometric center of the cross section , and 250 mm ⁇ D ⁇ 1000 mm.
- the ingot can be a circular ingot and D is the diameter of the cross section of the circular ingot.
- the ingot can be a square ingot, and D is the short side length of the
- the aluminum alloy article suitable for the manufacture of the structural member contains the following components in terms of weight percent: Zn7.5 ⁇ 8.4, Mg 1.65 ⁇ 1.8, Cu0.7 ⁇ 1.5, Zr 0.03 -0.20, and the remainder is Al, the accompanying elements and impurities, where:
- the Mg content of the aluminum alloy article suitable for structural member fabrication is from 1.69 to 1.8 wt%.
- a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the aluminum alloy article further comprising at least one microalloying incidental element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Sc, Er, and Hf, with the proviso that: the content of the microalloying element Satisfaction (0.24-D/4800) ⁇ (Zr+Mn+Sc+Er+Hf) ⁇ (0.24-D/5000).
- a third preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the aluminum alloy article further contains: Fe ⁇ 0.50 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.50 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.10 wt%, and/or other impurity elements each ⁇ 0.08 wt%, and wherein The sum of the other impurity elements is ⁇ 0.25 wt%.
- a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the aluminum alloy article contains Fe ⁇ 0.12 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.10 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.06 wt%, and/or other impurity elements each ⁇ 0.05 wt%, and wherein The sum of other impurity elements is ⁇ 0.15 wt%.
- a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention is: the aluminum alloy article contains Fe ⁇ 0.05 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.03 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.04 wt%, and/or other impurity elements each ⁇ 0.03 wt%, and wherein The sum of other impurity elements is ⁇ 0.10 wt%.
- the Cu content in the aluminum alloy article is less than or equal to the Mg content.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 250 to 360 mm, and wherein the Cu content is 0.5 to 1.45 wt%.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 250 to 360 mm, and wherein the Cu content is 0.5 to 1.40 wt%.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 30 to 360 mm, and the aluminum alloy article is a forged product, a plate product, an extruded product, or a cast product.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 30 to 80 mm, and the aluminum alloy article is a forged product, a plate product, an extruded product or a cast product.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 80 - 120 mm, and the aluminum alloy article is a forged product, a plate product, an extruded product or a cast product.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of 120 - 250 mm, and the aluminum alloy article is a forged product, a plate product, an extruded product or a cast product.
- the aluminum alloy article has a cross-sectional maximum thickness of from 250 to 360 mm, and the aluminum alloy article is a forged product, a plate product, an extruded product or a cast product.
- the invention also relates to a method of making an aluminum alloy article.
- the aluminum alloy article includes an aluminum alloy deformation processed product and an aluminum alloy cast product.
- the process of deforming the processed article of the aluminum alloy can be described as "Alloy preparation and smelting half-continuous casting to prepare ingots (round ingots, square ingots), one-in-one annealing treatment and surface machining finishing_thermal deformation processing (sheet rolling, forging forging, profiles / pipes / Bar extrusion) to obtain a final shape of the article - solution heat treatment and stress relief treatment - aging heat treatment of a finished product".
- the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy cast product can be described as "alloying and melting a cast casting of a casting_solution heat treatment_aging heat treatment_finished product".
- the aluminum alloy deformation processing manufacturing method may include the following steps:
- the alloy product is subjected to aging heat treatment for toughening treatment to obtain a desired alloy deformed product.
- the semi-continuous casting ingot is manufactured by means of smelting, degassing, inclusion and semi-continuous casting; in the smelting process, the element is precisely controlled by the non-burnable Cu as the core.
- the step (1) further comprises applying electromagnetic field agitation, ultrasonic field agitation or mechanical agitation at or near the crystallizer location.
- the homogenization annealing treatment is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of: (1) performing single-stage homogenization treatment in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 12 to 48 h; (2) Two-stage homogenization for a total time of 12 to 48 h in the range of 420 to 490 °C; and (3) multistage homogenization with a total time of 12 to 48 h in the range of 420 to 490 °C deal with.
- the one or more hot deformation processing is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of forging, rolling, pressing, and a combination thereof, and the preheating temperature before each hot deformation processing is 380 to 450 ° C. , and the warm-up time is l ⁇ 6 h.
- the alloy is subjected to hot deformation processing using a combination of free forging and rolling, and the resulting alloy sheet product has a thickness of 120 to 360 mm.
- the solution heat treatment is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of: (1) performing a single-stage solution heat treatment of the product in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 1 to 12 h; (2) Two-stage solution heat treatment of the product in the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C for a total time of 1 ⁇ 12 h; and (3) multi-stage solidification of the product in the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C for a total time of 1 ⁇ 12 h Solution heat treatment.
- ⁇ The solution heat treatment of the alloy product is carried out by the following solid solution system: the solution heat treatment temperature is 467 ⁇
- step (5) the alloy article is rapidly cooled to room temperature using a method selected from the group consisting of cooling medium immersion quenching, roll bottom spray quenching, strong air cooling, and combinations thereof.
- the immersion quenching of the cooling medium is water immersion quenching.
- the alloy article is subjected to aging heat treatment using a method selected from the group consisting of: (1) subjecting the alloy article to a single-stage aging heat treatment (preferably T6 peak aging heat treatment), wherein the aging heat treatment temperature is 110 to 125 ° C And the time is 8 ⁇ 36 h; (2) the alloy product is subjected to two-stage overaging treatment (preferably T7 overaging heat treatment), wherein the first stage aging heat treatment temperature is 110 ⁇ 115 °C, and the time is 6 ⁇ 15 h; And the second-stage aging heat treatment temperature is 155 ⁇ 160 °C, the time is 6 ⁇ 24 h; and (3) the alloy product is subjected to three-stage aging heat treatment, wherein the first-stage aging heat treatment temperature is 105 ⁇ 125 °C, the time is 1 ⁇ 24 h; the second-stage aging heat treatment temperature is 170 ⁇ 200 °C, the time is 0.5 ⁇ 8 h; and the third-stage aging heat treatment using a
- the method may further comprise the following steps between the steps (5) and (6): pre-deforming the cooled alloy article in a total deformation range of 1 to 5% to effectively eliminate Residual internal stress in the product.
- the pre-deformation treatment is pre-stretching; and in another preferred aspect, the pre-deformation treatment is pre-compression.
- the present invention also provides a method of producing an aluminum alloy cast product, comprising the steps of:
- the ingot is manufactured by means of melting, degassing, inclusion and casting, wherein in the smelting process, the element is precisely controlled by the non-burnable Cu, and the elements are tested online. Content, quickly replenishing and adjusting the ratio between the alloying elements and completing the entire ingot preparation process, wherein the casting is selected from the group consisting of sand casting, metal mold casting, low pressure casting, and low pressure casting with mechanical agitation;
- the smelting, degassing, inclusion and agitation are used to produce a billet having semi-solid structure characteristics, and then the semi-solid billet is subjected to secondary heating and then low-pressure casting, thereby performing ingot production.
- the elements are controlled by the non-burnable Cu as the core to accurately control the elements, and the content of each element is verified online to quickly replenish
- the ratio between the alloying elements is adjusted and the entire ingot preparation process is completed, wherein the agitation is selected from the group consisting of electromagnetic stirring, mechanical agitation, and combinations thereof.
- the solution heat treatment is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of: (1) performing a single-stage solution heat treatment of the ingot in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 1 to 48 h; (2) Double-stage solution heat treatment of ingots in the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C for a total time of 1 ⁇ 48 h; and (3) total time of ingots in the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C is 1 ⁇ 48 h Multi-stage solution heat treatment.
- the aging heat treatment is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of: (1) subjecting the ingot to a single-stage aging treatment (preferably T6 peak aging treatment), wherein the aging heat treatment temperature is 110 to 125 ° C, The time is 8 ⁇ 36 h; (2) The ingot is subjected to two-stage aging treatment (preferably T7 overaging treatment), wherein the first stage aging heat treatment temperature is 110 ⁇ 115 ° C, the time is 6 ⁇ 15 h, and the second stage The aging heat treatment temperature is 155 ⁇ 160 °C, the time is 6 ⁇ 24 h; and (3) the ingot is subjected to three-stage aging treatment, wherein the first stage aging heat treatment temperature is 105 ⁇ 125 °C, the time is l ⁇ 24 h The second-stage aging heat treatment temperature is 170 ⁇ 200 ° C, the time is 0.5 ⁇ 8 h, the third stage aging heat treatment temperature is 105 ⁇ 125 ° C,
- the surface layer of the aluminum alloy article according to the invention or produced according to the method of the invention has different depths below the surface layer and the difference in yield strength between the core portions ⁇ 10%, preferably the surface layer of the aluminum alloy article
- the difference between the different depths below the surface layer and the yield strength performance between the core portions is ⁇ 6%. More preferably, the difference between the surface layer of the aluminum alloy article, the depth below the surface layer, and the yield strength performance between the core portions is ⁇ 4%.
- an aluminum alloy article as described herein or fabricated by the method of the present invention can be welded to a material selected from the group consisting of itself and other alloys to form a new product selected from the group consisting of friction stir welding, Fusion welding, brazing, electron beam welding, laser welding, and combinations thereof.
- an aluminum alloy article as described herein or fabricated in accordance with the method of the present invention can be processed into a final component by a process selected from the group consisting of machining, chemical milling, electrical discharge machining, laser machining, and combinations thereof.
- the final member is selected from the group consisting of an aircraft part, a vehicle part, a spacecraft part, and a forming die.
- the aircraft component is selected from the group consisting of a wing wing of an aircraft, a wing body abutment member, a bearing frame, and a wall panel.
- the forming mold is a mold for producing a molded article at 100 ° C or lower.
- the vehicle component is selected from the group consisting of a car part and a rail vehicle.
- the basic alloy selected by the present invention Contains the following components in weight percent: Zn7.5 ⁇ 8.7, Mg 1.1 ⁇ 2.3, Cu0.5 ⁇ 1.9, Zr 0.03 - 0.20, the remainder is Al, the accompanying elements and impurities; and needs to be satisfied, 10.5 ⁇ Zn+ Mg+Cu ⁇ 11.0, 5.3 ⁇ (Zn/Mg) + Cu ⁇ 6.0, (0.24-D/4800) ⁇ Zr ⁇ (0.24-D/5000), where D is any two of the outer circumferences of the cross section of the ingot The minimum length of the line segment passing through the geometric center of the cross section, and 250 mm ⁇ D ⁇ 1000 mm.
- the more preferred base alloy of the present invention contains the following components in weight percent: Zn7.5 - 8.4, Mg 1.65 ⁇ 1.8, Cu0.7 - 1.5, Zr 0.03 ⁇ 0.20 The remainder is Al, incidental elements and impurities; at the same time, it needs to be satisfied, 10.6 ⁇ Zn+Mg+Cu ⁇ 10.8, 5.5 ⁇ (Zn/Mg)+Cu ⁇ 5.7, (0.24-D/4800) ⁇ Zr ⁇ (0.24 -D/5000), where D is the minimum length of the line segment connecting any two points on the outer circumference of the ingot cross section and passing through the geometric center of the cross section, and 250111111 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1000111111.
- microalloying elements Cr, V, and the like which are commonly used in the 7xxx series aluminum alloy are not added in the present invention.
- the present invention may also add the microalloying elements Mn, Sc, Er, Hf, etc., but when these are added.
- microalloying elements whether it is a further addition of a single microalloying element or a simultaneous addition of two or more microalloying elements, it is still necessary to satisfy (0.24-D/4800) ⁇ (Zr+Mn+Sc+Er +Hf) ⁇ (0.24-D/5000), to ensure that a solidified precipitated phase containing the above elements is not formed or formed in a large-sized ingot core having a slow solidification cooling rate, wherein D is a connection between the ingots
- D is a connection between the ingots
- the alloy of the present invention should control Fe ⁇ 0.50 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.50 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.10 wt% as impurities and carry elements with the grain refiner.
- the impurity or the incidental element is ⁇ 0.08 wt% single, and the total ⁇ 0.25 wt%; preferably, the alloy of the present invention is controlled as Fe and 0.11 wt% as impurities and with the grain refiner when manufacturing the deformed product.
- the alloy of the present invention is used as an impurity and fine with crystal grains in the manufacture of a deformed processed article
- the agent is brought into the element, and should be controlled by Fe ⁇ 0.05 wt%, Si ⁇ 0.03 wt%, Ti ⁇ 0.04 wt%, other impurities or incidental elements ⁇ 0.03 wt%, and the sum ⁇ 0.10 wt%;
- the upper limit of the Cu content is not More than 1.45wt%.
- the upper limit of the Cu content is not More than 1.40% by weight.
- the alloy of the present invention can be used for the preparation of ingots by means of smelting, degassing, inclusion and semi-continuous casting; it should be particularly noted that the alloy of the present invention needs to be hard to burn during the smelting process.
- the damaged Cu is the core to precisely control the elements.
- the alloy of the present invention can also be used for smelting, degassing, de-doping, and electromagnetic field stirring, ultrasonic field stirring, mechanical stirring in the vicinity of the crystallizer to prepare the ingot to improve the solidification process of the alloy.
- the shape of the medium-solid phase interface reduces the depth of the melt cavity, and at the same time effectively breaks the dendrite structure and reduces the macroscopic and microsegregation of the alloying elements, but the control of the oxidation inclusions in the alloy should be guaranteed at a level well known in the industry.
- the alloy of the present invention may be subjected to the following homogenization annealing treatment system, including a single-stage homogenization annealing treatment of the ingot in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 12 to 48 h, or at 420 to 490 ° C. In the range, the ingots are subjected to 2, 3 or even multi-stage homogenization annealing treatment with a total time of 12 to 48 h.
- the alloy of the present invention may be subjected to one or more hot deformation processes by one or more of deformation processing means such as forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. to obtain a product of a desired specification, and each hot deformation process is performed.
- deformation processing means such as forging, rolling, extrusion, etc.
- the preheating system before the general selection is 380 ⁇ 450 °C, 1 ⁇ 6h.
- the thickness of the rolled sheet product of the alloy of the present invention is 120 mm or more, in order to obtain a sufficiently deformed structure at the core of the sheet product, it is recommended to use (free forging + rolling)
- the combined process of the alloy is used for thermal deformation processing.
- the preheating system before each thermal deformation process is generally selected from 380 to 450 ° C / 1 ⁇ 6 h.
- the alloy of the present invention may be subjected to the following solution heat treatment system, including a single-stage solution heat treatment of the product in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 1 to 12 hours, or in the range of 420 to 490 ° C.
- the product is subjected to a two-stage or multi-stage solution heat treatment for a total time of 1 to 12 hours.
- the alloy of the present invention can be rapidly dried by solid solution heat treatment using water or cooling medium immersion quenching, or roller bottom spray quenching, or strong air cooling, which is well known in the art. Cool to room temperature.
- the alloy of the invention can be used for pre-stretching and forging pre-compression of thick plates and profiles to effectively eliminate residual internal stress in the product, and the total amount of pre-stretching or pre-compression deformation should be controlled within the range of 1 to 5%.
- Overaged processes such as T7 single-stage aging processes, including T73, ⁇ 74, ⁇ 76, ⁇ 79 processes, etc., are subjected to strengthening and aging heat treatment.
- the aging heat treatment system can select 90 ⁇ 138 ° C, 1 ⁇ 48 h; preferably, the aging heat treatment system can choose 100 ⁇ 135 ° C, l ⁇ 48 h; more preferably, the aging The heat treatment system can choose 110 ⁇ 125°C, 8 ⁇ 36h.
- the first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 ⁇ 125 °C, 1 ⁇ 24h, and the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 150 ⁇ 170 °C, 1 ⁇ 36h; preferably, the first The first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 108 ⁇ 120 °C, 5 ⁇ 20h, the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 153 - 165 °C, 5 ⁇ 30h; more preferably, the first-stage aging heat treatment system chooses 110 ⁇ 115 ° C, 6 ⁇ 15h, the second-stage aging heat treatment system chooses 155 ⁇ 160°C, 6 ⁇ 24h.
- the alloy of the present invention can be subjected to a toughening heat treatment by a three-stage aging process.
- the first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 ⁇ 125 °C, 1 ⁇ 24h
- the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 170 ⁇ 200 °C / 0.5 ⁇ 8h
- the third-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 ⁇ 125 °C, l ⁇ 36h.
- the alloy of the present invention can be used for casting by smelting, degassing, removing inclusion and sand mold or metal mold casting, low pressure casting or low pressure casting with mechanical stirring. Preparation; It should be specially pointed out that in the smelting process, the alloy of the present invention needs to accurately control the element with Cu which is not easily burned as a core, and quickly adjust and adjust the ratio between the alloy elements by on-line testing the content of each element. And complete all the casting preparation process.
- the alloy of the present invention may be used for smelting, degassing, de-doping, and preparing a material having semi-solid structure characteristics by electromagnetic stirring or mechanical stirring, and reheating the semi-solid billet. Then, the preparation of the casting is carried out by means of low-pressure casting or the like. It is particularly pointed out that in the smelting process, the alloy of the present invention needs to accurately control the element with Cu which is not easily burned, and the content of each element is tested online. Quickly adjust and adjust the ratio between alloying elements and complete the entire casting preparation process.
- the alloy casting product of the present invention may be subjected to the following solution heat treatment system, including a single-stage solution heat treatment of the cast product in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 1 to 48 hours, or In the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C, the casted products are subjected to 2, 3 or even multi-stage solution heat treatment for a total time of 1 ⁇ 48h.
- solution heat treatment system including a single-stage solution heat treatment of the cast product in the range of 450 to 480 ° C for 1 to 48 hours, or In the range of 420 ⁇ 490 °C, the casted products are subjected to 2, 3 or even multi-stage solution heat treatment for a total time of 1 ⁇ 48h.
- the alloy of the present invention may be subjected to a toughening aging heat treatment by a T6 peak aging process or a T7 overaging process, including T73, ⁇ 74, ⁇ 76, ⁇ 79 processes.
- the aging heat treatment system can select 90 ⁇ 138 ° C, l ⁇ 48 h; preferably, the aging heat treatment system can choose 100 ⁇ 135 ° C / 1 ⁇ 48 h; more preferably, the aging The heat treatment system can choose 110 ⁇ 125 °C, 8 ⁇ 36h.
- the first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 - 125 °C, 1 ⁇ 24h, and the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 150 ⁇ 170 °C, 1 - 36h; preferably, the first The first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 108 ⁇ 120 °C / 5 ⁇ 20h, the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 153 ⁇ 165 °C, 5 ⁇ 30h; more preferably, the first stage aging heat treatment system chooses 110 ⁇ 115 ° C, 6 ⁇ 15h, the second-stage aging heat treatment system chooses 155 ⁇ 160 °C / 6 ⁇ 24h.
- the alloy of the present invention can be subjected to a toughening heat treatment by a three-stage aging process.
- the first-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 ⁇ 125 °C, 1 ⁇ 24h
- the second-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 170 ⁇ 200 °C / 0.5 ⁇ 8h
- the third-stage aging heat treatment system can choose 105 ⁇ 125 °C, l ⁇ 36h.
- a 7xxx series aluminum alloy article having a large thickness can be obtained with a combination of superior strength and damage tolerance properties, and at the same time, the properties of the surface layer of the alloy product, the depth below the surface layer, and the core portion can be further improved. Good consistency.
- the most typical application of the present invention is a large thickness forging and rolled sheet product for the manufacture of large cross-section aerospace bearing structures, it can also be applied to extruded and cast articles having integral or partial large thickness features.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the quenching and cooling curve of a 7xxx series aluminum alloy large-thickness product
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the size and distribution of the second phase formed by the decomposition of the alloy supersaturated solid solution during the quenching process of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy large-thickness product;
- Figure 3 is a TEM photograph of the preferential precipitation of the quenched precipitation phase in the second phase of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy large thickness product in the quenching process in a mismatch relationship with the matrix lattice;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a small free forging product prepared by a laboratory
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of sampling processing of a terminal quenching test sample
- Figure 6 is a schematic view of the end quenching test device
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the conductivity values of different parts of the quenched sample and the distance from the water-cooled end after end quenching;
- Figure 8 is a TEM photograph of the 1/4 thickness of the industrial 220mm thick forging and the core after quenching; where the left picture shows the 1/4 thickness and the right picture shows the core;
- Figure 9 is a comparison of the performance of the TYS-K IC of the alloy 152 mm thick plate of the present invention, and comparison with several other reference alloys. detailed description
- Alloys are prepared on a laboratory scale to demonstrate the principles of the present invention.
- the composition of the alloy is shown in Table 1.
- the round ingot of ⁇ 270 mm is prepared by the alloy smelting, degassing, inclusion removal, and semi-continuous casting methods well known in the art.
- the homogenization annealing system of the ingot is selected as (465 ⁇ 5 °C /18h)+(475 ⁇ 3 °C / 18h), then slowly cooled in air. After being peeled and sawed, a forged blank of ⁇ 250 ⁇ 600 mm was obtained.
- the forged billet was preheated at 420 ⁇ 10 ° C for 4 h, and then three times of forging was performed on a free forging machine, and finally a square free forging product of 445 mm (length) x 300 mm (width) x 220 mm (thickness) was obtained.
- these square free forging products are wrapped as shown in Fig.
- the alloy products of 1 # , 2 # , 3 # , and 4 6 # all have the characteristics of "excellent performance combination” and “low quench sensitivity", and the alloy has good SCC resistance and resistance.
- Exfoliation corrosion performance (not lower than EB), and the elongation and fracture toughness values are maintained above 13% and 40 MPa*m 1/2 (LT) and the ST yield strength when the L yield strength is not less than 500 MPa.
- the temperature is not lower than 490MPa, the elongation and fracture toughness values are maintained above 8% and 26MPa*m 1/2 (ST); from the subsurface of the product (d/15 part, the quenching cooling rate is relatively high) to the core ( D/2 part, quenching The cooling rate is relatively low.
- the yield strength of 4 # , 5 # , and 6 # alloy products is even lower than that of 1 # , 2 # , and 3 # alloy products, indicating that alloys with lower Cu content are more suitable for some extra large thicknesses.
- Manufacture of products eg thickness of 300 mm or more; however, it must be noted that when the Cu content in the alloy decreases, the anti-flaking corrosion properties of the alloy products decrease from EA grades of 1 # , 2 # , 3 # ⁇ to 4 # ⁇ 5 # , 6 # ⁇ EB grade.
- the 7 # alloy has a relatively low content of main alloying elements Zn, Mg and Cu, and exhibits excellent fracture toughness, but the strength properties are significantly reduced; 8 # alloy has a relatively high main alloying element Zn, The total content of Mg and Cu showed excellent strength properties, but the fracture toughness value decreased significantly.
- the performance test results of 9 # alloy showed that when the ratio of Zn/Mg was too high, the strength properties of the alloy could not be further improved.
- the Cu content of the 13 # alloy is higher than 1 # , 2 # , 3 # , 4 # , 5 # , 6 # ⁇ , and the Mg content is lower than 1 # , 2 # , 3 # , # 4, # 5, # 6 alloy, Cu wt%> Mg wt% , it can be seen, the yield strength increases from the sub-surface to the core of the article, the variation width of the alloy, the fracture toughness value decreases; alloy # 14 each The performance test results show that when the Zr element is added excessively, the yield strength of the alloy increases and the fracture toughness value decreases from the subsurface to the core of the product.
- the terminal quenching test is a commonly used test method for studying the quenching sensitivity of materials.
- the test device is as shown in Fig. 6: 20°C tap water 2 is installed in the high level tank 1, and the water pipe 3 is connected in the lower part of the high level tank 1, the water pipe 3 The outlet is directly opposite the end of the round bar sample 4, and the circumferential surface of the round bar is wrapped with thermal insulation material 5 for heat preservation to reduce external factors.
- One end face of the quenched round bar sample 4 was subjected to free water jet quenching, and the free end quenching time was about 10 min.
- Fig. 6, ( ⁇ -3 ⁇ 4) indicates the water storage height in the high level trough.
- the - ⁇ - curve indicates the change of the conductivity value of the 1 # alloy after quenching with the distance from the water-cooled end; - ⁇ - the curve indicates the change of the conductivity value of the 10 # alloy after quenching with the distance from the water-cooled end .
- the electrical conductivity of an alloy is related to the supersaturation of the alloy matrix obtained during quenching: the higher the supersaturation of the alloy matrix, the greater the lattice distortion and the greater the hindrance to free electron scattering. The lower the conductivity, the lower the supersaturation of the alloy matrix, the smaller the lattice distortion and the higher the electrical conductivity of the alloy.
- the conductivity of the 1 # alloy hardly changes (the supersaturation of the alloy matrix remains basically unchanged), indicating that each of the alloy products In different parts, the supersaturated solid solution hardly decomposes and has low quenching sensitivity; while the electrical conductivity of the 10 # alloy rises remarkably (the supersaturation of the alloy matrix decreases continuously), indicating that the alloy is supersaturated as the quenching cooling rate decreases continuously.
- the solid solution has undergone severe decomposition and has high quenching sensitivity.
- the industrialization test produced a batch of ⁇ 630 mm round ingots by means of alloy melting, degassing, inclusion removal, and semi-continuous casting, which are well known in the art, and their composition is shown in Table 3.
- the homogenization annealing system of the ingot was selected to be (465 ⁇ 5 °C / 24h) + (475 ⁇ 3 °C / 24h), followed by slow cooling in air. After peeling and sawing, a blank (D600x l800 mm) was obtained.
- the large-thickness forged product (220mm) made of the alloy of the present invention has the characteristics of so-called “excellent performance combination” and “low quenching sensitivity”: whether the alloy product is in T76 or In the state of ⁇ 74, both have good SCC resistance and anti-flaking corrosion performance.
- the L-direction yield strength of the alloy changes less than 4%; in the ⁇ 76 state, when the L direction yields
- the elongation and fracture toughness values can be maintained above 14% and 37 MPa.m 1/2 (LT)
- the elongation and fracture toughness values can be maintained at 6% and 23 MPa*m 1/2 (ST) or more; in the T74 state, when the L-direction yield strength is not lower than 450 MPa, the elongation and fracture toughness values can be maintained at 15% and 41 MPa*m 1/2 (LT)
- the elongation and fracture toughness values can be maintained at 6% and 24 MPa.m 1/2 (ST) or more; by adjusting the heat treatment state of the alloy, more can be obtained. Excellent combination of performance.
- Figure 8 shows a TEM photograph of the 1/4 thickness and the core after quenching of a 220 mm thick forged product made of the alloy of the present invention. It can be seen that at the 1/4 thickness of the forged product, no obvious quenching precipitates are found in the crystal and on the grain boundary; even in the core of the forging which has the slowest quenching cooling rate, a small amount is precipitated except for the grain boundary. In addition to the fine layered ⁇ phase, no significant precipitated phase was found in the crystal; the above results further show the low quenching sensitivity characteristics of the alloy of the present invention from the viewpoint of microstructure.
- the ultra-thick forging product (360mm) made of the alloy of the present invention has the characteristics of so-called “excellent performance combination” and "low quench sensitivity”: in the T74 state, the alloy product has Good SCC resistance and anti-flaking corrosion performance.
- the L-direction yield strength of the alloy varies less than 6% from the subsurface to the core of the product; when the L-direction yield strength of the alloy product is not lower than 450MPa, the elongation And the fracture toughness value can be maintained above 13% and 37 MPa*m 1/2 (LT), and the elongation and fracture toughness values can be maintained at 6% and 24 MPa.m 1/2 when the ST yield strength is not lower than 420 MPa. (ST) or more, by adjusting the heat treatment state of the alloy, it is possible to obtain more and superior performance combinations.
- Example 4 Take a blank of Example 4, preheat it at 420 ⁇ 10 ° C for 6 h, and then perform three times of forging on a free forging machine to obtain a square free forging of 2950 mm (length) x 1000 mm (width) x 360 mm (thickness).
- the forgings were preheated at 410 ⁇ 10 ° C / 3 h, and then hot rolled into 6980 mm (length) x 1000 mm (width) x l52 mm (thickness) sheets.
- the thick plate products are subjected to solution heat treatment, and are cooled by means of room temperature water spray quenching, followed by cold pre-stretching with a total deformation of 1 to 3% to eliminate residual stress.
- ⁇ Toughening and aging treatment of alloy products with T76, ⁇ 74, and ⁇ 73 systems The yield strength, elongation, fracture toughness value, stress corrosion resistance and flaking corrosion resistance of the alloy were tested in accordance with the relevant test standards. The results are shown in Table 7.
- Figure 9 shows the performance matching of the TYS-K IC of the 152 mm thick sheet of the alloy of the present invention, and compared with the results shown in Figures 2 and 5 of the reference CN1780926A, and the results shown in Table 3 of CN1489637A -
- Example 3 Example 1
- the examples are respectively given, although the distribution ratios of the above two alloys are different from those of the alloy of the present invention, but they are all claimed.
- the optimization of the distribution ratio was carried out.
- the alloy of the present invention has a TYS-K IC performance match similar to that described in the above two invention patent applications, but at least exhibits a better elongation and three properties of the TYS-EL-K IC . match.
- Figure 9 further shows AA7050/7010 alloy (see AIMS03-02-022, December 2001), AA7050/7040 alloy (see AIMS03-02-019, September 2001), AA7085 alloy (see AIMS03-02). -25, 2002 9 Monthly) representative performance data for thick gauge products (generally the minimum guaranteed value).
- the K IC value is only a reference value because it does not meet the test method P max / PQ ⁇ 1.1 and there is an unsteady expansion of the prefabricated fatigue crack.
- the alloy of the present invention shows a better three-performance match of TYS-EL-K IC , That is, at similar levels of yield strength, there are significantly improved elongation properties and fracture toughness values.
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JP2012550297A JP5678099B2 (ja) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | 構造部材製造用アルミニウム合金製品およびその製造方法 |
ES10832391.6T ES2586407T3 (es) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | Producto de aleación de aluminio adaptado para producir una pieza estructural y método para producir los mismos |
AU2010310912A AU2010310912B2 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | Aluminium alloy products for manufacturing structural components and method of producing the same |
CA2741587A CA2741587C (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | Aluminium alloy products for manufacturing structural components and method of producing the same |
EP10832391.6A EP2386667B1 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | Aluminum alloy product adapted to produce structure piece and producing method thereof |
US13/138,129 US9993865B2 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2010-06-25 | Aluminum alloy products for manufacturing structural components and method of producing the same |
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AU2010310912B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
JP5678099B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
EP2386667B1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
US20110297278A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
EP2386667A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
US9993865B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 |
CN102108463A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
JP2013518184A (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
CN102108463B (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
AU2010310912A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
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