JP6158144B2 - セラミックス回路基板 - Google Patents
セラミックス回路基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6158144B2 JP6158144B2 JP2014148865A JP2014148865A JP6158144B2 JP 6158144 B2 JP6158144 B2 JP 6158144B2 JP 2014148865 A JP2014148865 A JP 2014148865A JP 2014148865 A JP2014148865 A JP 2014148865A JP 6158144 B2 JP6158144 B2 JP 6158144B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- brazing material
- ceramic
- copper
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 126
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 122
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017945 Cu—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
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- H05K3/062—Etching masks consisting of metals or alloys or metallic inorganic compounds
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- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
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- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/44—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/38 - H01L21/428
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- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
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- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
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Description
第一のマスキングが施されていない領域に、Ag、Cu及びTiを含むろう材層を形成する工程と、
ろう材層上に銅板を載せ、加熱によりセラミックス基板と銅板を接合する工程と、
銅板上の銅回路パターンとなる領域に第二のマスキングを施す工程と、
エッチングにより銅回路パターンを形成する工程と
を備える。
第1の実施形態のセラミックス回路基板は、セラミックス基板と、セラミックス基板の少なくとも一方の面にろう材層を介して接合された銅回路板と、銅回路板の側面から外側にはみ出したろう材層で形成されたろう材はみ出し部とを有する。ろう材層はAg、Cu及びTiを含むろう材から形成される。本発明者らは、ろう材はみ出し部中のTi相およびTiN相の合計を3質量%以上にし、かつその合計量を銅回路板とセラミックス基板の間に介在されたろう材層(以下、接合層と称する)中のTi相およびTiN相の合計量と異なるものにし、さらに、ろう材はみ出し部における1個当たりの面積が200μm2以下の空隙を1つ以下(0を含む)にすることにより、銅回路板と電子部品との熱膨張差による熱ストレスが緩和されると共に接合欠陥が極めて少なくなるため、信頼性の高いセラミックス−金属接合回路基板を実現できることを初めて見出した。
第1の実施形態のセラミックス回路基板は、第2の実施形態の製造方法が一例として示される。
第一のマスキングが施されていない領域に、Ag、Cu及びTiを含むろう材を塗布または印刷することによりろう材層を形成する工程と、
ろう材層上に銅板を載せ、加熱によりセラミックス基板と銅板を接合する工程と、
銅板上の銅回路パターンとなる領域に第二のマスキングを施す工程と、
エッチングにより銅回路パターンを形成する工程と
を有する。
第一のマスキング2を行わない場合、銅回路間隔に必要以上にはみ出したろう材による導通の恐れがあるため、ろう材はみ出し部を、ろう材除去用のフッ酸やアルカリ液でエッチングする必要がある。このエッチングによりろう材はみ出し部に空隙が発生するため、銅回路板端部の応力集中緩和となる熱応力の均一分散が起こらなくなり、セラミック基板のクラック発生などが生じ易くなってしまうことを本発明者らは究明したのである。第一のマスキング工程を行うことにより、ろう材はみ出し部のエッチングが不要になるため、ろう材はみ出し部の気孔を少なくすることができ、大きな気孔の形成を防止できる。
各試料を以下に説明する方法で製造した。まず、50×60mmのセラミックス基板の銅回路パターン形成面に第一のマスキングを行った。第一のマスキングは、銅回路パターンとろう材はみ出し部となる所定のサイズの領域を除いて行った。次に、第一のマスキングを形成していない領域にAg−Cu−Ti系ろう材(Ag67重量%−Cu20重量%−Sn10重量%−Ti3重量%)を厚さ15μmで印刷、また裏面にも厚さ15μmで印刷し、セラミックス基板の両面に銅板を配置し、真空中10−3Pa、800℃で40分間の加熱によりセラミック基板と接合した。銅回路板は、20×20mmの銅板を1mm間隔で2枚配置した。
セラミックス基板(AlN基板)の全面に試料1〜9で用いるのと同様な組成のAg−Cu−Ti系ろう材を厚さ15μmで塗布し、その上に銅板を接合し、加熱接合した。その後、塩化第二鉄で銅板をパターン形状にエッチングし、さらにフッ酸を用いてはみ出しろう材をエッチングした。はみ出し量は試料2と同様に0.12mmとした。はみ出しろう材中の1個当たりの面積200μm2以下の空隙数をカウントしたところ、8個であった。また、試料1〜9と同様の熱サイクル試験を行ったところ、340回となった。
Ag63重量%、Cu32重量%及びTi5重量%を含む活性金属ろう材組成を用いて、銅板と窒化珪素基板(板厚0.32mm)を接合したセラミックス回路基板を製造した。マスキング及び活性金属接合は、試料1〜9で説明したのと同様な条件で行った。
40×60×0.32mmの窒化珪素(Si3N4)基板の銅回路パターン形成面に第一のマスキングを行った。第一のマスキングは、銅回路パターンとろう材はみ出し部となる所定のサイズの領域を除いて行った。次に、第一のマスキングを形成していない領域にAg−Cu−Ti系ろう材を印刷、また裏面にも印刷し、窒化珪素基板の両面に銅板を配置し、真空中10−3Pa、760〜810℃で20〜50分間の加熱により窒化珪素基板と接合した。銅回路板は、15×20×0.3mmの銅板を1mm間隔で2枚配置した。なお、Ag−Cu−Tiろう材の組成およびろう材層厚さは表3の通りとした。なお、窒化珪素(Si3N4)基板は熱伝導率85W/m・Kかつ3点曲げ強度750MPaのものを用いた。
以下に、本願出願の当初の特許請求の範囲に記載された発明を付記する。
[1] セラミックス基板と、
前記セラミックス基板の少なくとも一方の面に、Ag、Cu及びTiを含むろう材層を介して接合された銅回路板と、
前記銅回路板の側面から外側にはみ出した前記ろう材層で形成されたろう材はみ出し部とを備えるセラミックス回路基板であって、
前記ろう材はみ出し部中のTi相およびTiN相の合計は3質量%以上で、かつ前記セラミックス基板と前記銅回路板の間に介在された前記ろう材層中のTi相およびTiN相の合計量と異なり、前記ろう材はみ出し部における1個当たりの面積が200μm 2 以下の空隙が1つ以下(0を含む)であることを特徴とするセラミックス回路基板。
[2] 前記ろう材はみ出し部中のTi相およびTiN相の合計は3質量%以上40質量%以下であることを特徴とする上記[1]記載のセラミックス回路基板。
[3] 前記ろう材はみ出し部のはみ出し長さが0.01mm以上で、かつ前記銅回路板の間隔の30%以下であることを特徴とする上記[1]または[2]のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
[4] 前記セラミックス基板が窒化珪素、窒化アルミニウムあるいはアルミナからなり、前記銅回路板の厚さが0.25mm以上であることを特徴とする上記[1]ないし上記[3]のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
[5] 前記ろう材層は、Ag:90〜50重量%、Snおよび/またはInからなる元素:5〜15重量%、Ti:0.1〜6重量%、残部Cuおよび不可避不純物からなる組成のろう材を用いて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
[6] セラミックス基板上における、銅回路パターン及びろう材はみ出し部となる領域以外の部分に第一のマスキングを施す工程と、
前記第一のマスキングが施されていない領域に、Ag、Cu及びTiを含むろう材層を形成する工程と、
前記ろう材層上に銅板を載せ、加熱により前記セラミックス基板と前記銅板を接合する工程と、
前記銅板上の銅回路パターンとなる領域に第二のマスキングを施す工程と、
エッチングにより銅回路パターンを形成する工程と
を備えることを特徴とするセラミックス回路基板の製造方法。
[7] 前記エッチングに用いるエッチング液が塩化第二鉄または塩化第二銅であることを特徴とする上記[6]記載のセラミックス回路基板の製造方法。
[8] 前記セラミックス基板と前記銅板に位置合わせ用マーキングが施されていることを特徴とする上記[6]または[7]のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス基板の製造方法。
[9] 前記第一のマスキング及び前記第二のマスキングの材料が印刷可能な有機インクレジストであることを特徴とする上記[6]ないし上記[8]のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板の製造方法。
Claims (8)
- 窒化珪素基板、窒化アルミニウム基板又はアルミナ基板からなるセラミックス基板と、
前記セラミックス基板の少なくとも一方の面に、Ag、Cu及びTiを含むろう材層を介して接合した、厚さが0.25mm以上の銅回路板と
を備えるセラミックス回路基板であって、
前記ろう材層は、前記セラミックス基板と銅回路板との間に介在した接合層部から外側にはみ出した、長さが0.01mm以上で、かつ銅回路板の間隔の30%以下であるろう材はみ出し部を有し、
前記ろう材層は、Ag:90〜50重量%、Snおよび/またはInからなる元素:5〜15重量%、Ti:0.1〜6重量%、残部Cuおよび不可避不純物からなる組成を有し、
前記ろう材はみ出し部中のTi相およびTiN相の合計割合は3質量%以上40質量%以下で、かつ前記ろう材層の接合層部中のTi相およびTiN相の合計割合よりも多く、
前記ろう材はみ出し部において、1個当たりの面積が200μm 2 を超える空隙が存在せず、かつ1個当たりの面積が200μm2以下の空隙が1つ以下(0を含む)であることを特徴とするセラミックス回路基板。 - 前記セラミックス基板は、窒化珪素基板であり、80W/m・K以上の熱伝導率及び600MPa以上の3点曲げ強度を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記銅回路板は、0.25mm以上0.8mm以下の厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記ろう材層は、10〜40μmの厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記ろう材は、2〜5重量%のTi含有量を有する請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記ろう材はみ出し部の長さが、銅回路板の間隔の0.01%以上20%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記ろう材はみ出し部の端面を含む端部端面がR形状であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
- 前記ろう材はみ出し部の端面が、下り斜面形状であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載のセラミックス回路基板。
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WO2023074470A1 (ja) | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-04 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックス銅回路基板およびそれを用いた半導体装置 |
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JP6271628B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
EP3273755B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
JP6334781B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
US8785785B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
EP3273755A1 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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JP2016165001A (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
EP2480052A4 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
JP6400787B2 (ja) | 2018-10-03 |
WO2011034075A1 (ja) | 2011-03-24 |
JP2017147470A (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
US20120168209A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
JP6271629B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
US20140291385A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
HUE034429T2 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
JPWO2011034075A1 (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
JP5637992B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
EP2480052B1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
JP2017191943A (ja) | 2017-10-19 |
US9101065B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
EP2480052A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
JP2014207482A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
JP6400788B2 (ja) | 2018-10-03 |
JP2017195378A (ja) | 2017-10-26 |
PL2480052T3 (pl) | 2018-01-31 |
HUE041380T2 (hu) | 2019-05-28 |
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