WO2015147193A1 - 回路基板およびこれを備える電子装置 - Google Patents
回路基板およびこれを備える電子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015147193A1 WO2015147193A1 PCT/JP2015/059443 JP2015059443W WO2015147193A1 WO 2015147193 A1 WO2015147193 A1 WO 2015147193A1 JP 2015059443 W JP2015059443 W JP 2015059443W WO 2015147193 A1 WO2015147193 A1 WO 2015147193A1
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/125—Metallic interlayers based on noble metals, e.g. silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
- C04B2237/127—The active component for bonding being a refractory metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
- C04B2237/368—Silicon nitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/407—Copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/52—Pre-treatment of the joining surfaces, e.g. cleaning, machining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
- C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/321—Disposition
- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/32225—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
- H01L2224/32227—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation the layer connector connecting to a bond pad of the item
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00014—Technical content checked by a classifier the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a circuit board and an electronic device including the circuit board.
- an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) element a metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) element, a light emitting diode (LED) element, a freewheeling diode (FWD) element, a giant transistor (GTR)
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
- MOSFET metal oxide field effect transistor
- LED light emitting diode
- FWD freewheeling diode
- GTR giant transistor
- a circuit board used for such an electronic device for example, in Patent Document 1, a ceramic circuit board and a copper circuit board joined to at least one surface of the ceramic circuit board through a brazing material layer containing Ag, Cu, and Ti. And a brazing material protruding portion formed of a brazing material layer protruding outward from the side surface of the copper circuit board, wherein the total of the Ti phase and the TiN phase in the protruding portion of the brazing material is 3% by mass or more Unlike the total amount of Ti phase and TiN phase in the brazing filler metal layer interposed between the ceramic substrate and the copper circuit board, one or less voids with an area of 200 ⁇ m 2 or less per piece in the brazing protruding portion (0 A circuit board has been proposed.
- the circuit board Since the elements mounted on the copper circuit board generate heat during operation, the circuit board is exposed to a cooling cycle (also referred to as a heat cycle) due to repeated stop and operation.
- a cooling cycle also referred to as a heat cycle
- the brazing filler metal layer that protrudes outward from the side surface of the copper circuit board has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than the ceramic substrate and is greatly expanded and contracted by the thermal cycle, so that cracks are likely to occur, and this crack hits the lower part of the copper circuit board.
- the bonding strength between the copper circuit board and the ceramic substrate is lowered by progressing to the brazing material layer.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a circuit board having high bonding strength and an electronic device including the circuit board.
- the circuit board of the present invention is a circuit board in which a circuit member is provided on one main surface of a ceramic substrate via a bonding layer, and the bonding layer is exposed to a mounting portion on which the circuit member is mounted and exposed.
- a gap is formed on the surface of the exposed portion, and the average value of the degree of dispersion of the distance between the centers of gravity of the gap is 3 or more and 55 or less.
- the electronic device of the present invention is characterized in that an electronic component is mounted on a circuit member in the circuit board having the above-described configuration.
- the circuit board according to the present invention has high bonding strength.
- the electronic device of the present invention it has excellent durability and high reliability.
- circuit board of this embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ in (a), and (c) is a part of the surface of the exposed portion. Is a photograph taken with a scanning electron microscope. Another example of the circuit board of this embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B 'of (a). Still another example of the circuit board of the present embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line C-C 'of (a).
- circuit board of the present embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line DD ′ of (a), and (c) is (b). It is an enlarged view of a circuit member.
- An example of the electronic device of the present embodiment is shown, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E 'of (a).
- FIG. 1A and 1B show an example of a circuit board according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG. 1A, and FIG. It is the photograph which image
- a circuit board 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a ceramic substrate 1, a bonding layer 2, and a circuit member 3.
- the circuit member 3 is disposed on one main surface of the ceramic substrate 1 via the bonding layer 2. It is provided.
- the bonding layer 2 is formed by heat-treating the brazing material, and includes a mounting portion 2b on which the circuit member 3 is mounted and an exposed portion 2a.
- the exposed portion 2a is a region in the bonding layer 2 excluding the mounting portion 2b.
- the exposed portion 2a includes a plurality of gaps 2c on the surface as shown in a photograph of a part of the surface of the exposed portion 2a in FIG. 1C taken with a scanning electron microscope. In addition, the space
- gap 2c is opened in the surface of the exposed part 2a, and has a desired depth.
- the average value of the dispersity of the distance between the centers of gravity (hereinafter also simply referred to as the dispersity) is 3 or more and 55 or less.
- the dispersity is 3 or more and 55 or less.
- the degree of dispersion is obtained by a technique called a center-of-gravity distance method, and is obtained by dividing the standard deviation of the distance between the centers of gravity between the gaps 2c by the average value of the distances between the centers of gravity of the gaps 2c. Value.
- the dispersity is an index indicating the degree of variation of the air gap 2c. When the number of air gaps 2c is the same, and the value of the dispersity is small, the distance between the centers of gravity between the air gaps 2c is equal, and the air gap 2c is A uniform dispersion indicates that the value of the degree of dispersion is large, indicating that the distance between the centers of gravity between the gaps 2c varies and the dispersion of the gaps 2c is not uniform.
- the degree of dispersion is obtained by dividing the standard deviation of the distance between the centers of gravity between the gaps 2c by the average value of the distance between the centers of gravity of the gaps 2c, so that the number of the gaps 2c is small and the distance between the centers of gravity is increased.
- the degree of dispersion indicates a small value.
- the average value of the degree of dispersion is less than 3, the number of the gaps 2c is small and the distance between the gaps 2c is long, so that the effect of suppressing the progress of cracks is reduced. Further, when the average value of the degree of dispersion exceeds 55, since the variation of the gap 2c is large, it becomes impossible to suppress the progress of cracks in a portion where the distance between the gaps 2c is long.
- an image obtained by photographing the surface of the exposed portion 2a with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used as image analysis software “A image-kun” (registered trademark, Asahi Kasei Engineering Corporation). ), And the image analysis software “A image-kun” will be referred to as the image analysis software manufactured by Asahi Kasei Engineering Co., Ltd.)). Good.
- the magnification is 200 times, and the area is 1 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ m 2 to 4 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ m 2 (for example, in the vertical direction) from the portion where the gap 2c of the exposed portion 2a is observed on average. And 4 to 6 points in a range in which the length in the lateral direction is 100 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, respectively.
- the brightness is set to dark
- the binarization method is set manually
- the small figure removal area is set to 5 ⁇ m 2
- the threshold value which is an index indicating the brightness of the image is set to 60.
- the gap 2c of 2 ⁇ m or less is excluded, and the maximum value of the gap 2c of the exposed surface 2a in the circuit board 10 of this embodiment is about 30 ⁇ m.
- the description of the part observed on average is a description for excluding the intentional selection of a specific region.
- the gap 2c preferably has an average value in a circle equivalent diameter of 4 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less.
- the average value in the equivalent circle diameter of the gap 2c is 4 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to suppress the progress of cracks due to the cooling and heating cycle while having high bonding strength.
- an image obtained by photographing the surface of the exposed portion 2a by SEM may be analyzed by a technique called particle analysis using image analysis software “A image-kun”. Note that the observation region and setting conditions may be the same as those when measuring the equivalent circle diameter of the gap 2c.
- FIG. 2A and 2B show another example of the circuit board of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ in FIG.
- the circuit board 20 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of sets, one set of the circuit member 3 and the bonding layer 2 on one main surface of the ceramic substrate 1, and such a configuration is shown in FIG. Compared with the circuit board 10, it is preferable in terms of multifunction and space saving.
- the total ratio of the lengths L 1 and L 2 of the exposed portions 2a between the end surfaces with respect to the interval L 0 between the end surfaces of the adjacent circuit members 3 may be 25% or more and 38% or less. Is preferred.
- the distance L 0 between the end faces of adjacent circuit member 3 is, for example, 0.8mm or 2.2mm or less.
- FIG. 3A and 3B show still another example of the circuit board of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a plan view
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ in FIG.
- the circuit board 30 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is different from the circuit board 20 shown in FIG. 2 in that the shape of the bonding layer 2 is different from that of FIG.
- the lengths L 1 and L 2 of the exposed portion 2a may be measured by measuring the length of the portion that is the shortest distance of each exposed portion 2a between the end faces.
- FIG. 4A and 4B show still another example of the circuit board according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD ′ in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the circuit member shown in FIG.
- a circuit board 40 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a rectangular frustum shape in which the four end surfaces of the rectangular circuit member 3 are curved in plan view, and the other configuration is the circuit board 20. It has the same configuration as.
- the distance L 0 between the end surfaces of the adjacent circuit members 3 is the length of the shortest distance between the circuit members 3.
- the curvature of the end surface of the circuit member 3 is preferably 8% or more and 22% or less.
- the degree of curvature is the distance of a straight line connecting both ends of the curved end face x, and the distance in the normal direction from this straight line to the most curved portion.
- y is a value represented by a calculation formula of y / x ⁇ 100, and is obtained by using an image with a magnification of 100 to 200 times for the side surface or cross section of the circuit member 3 using an optical microscope or the like. be able to.
- the degree of curvature is 8% or more and 22% or less, the stress concentration applied to the portion of the ceramic substrate 1 corresponding to the extended line of the end face of the circuit member 3 can be reduced while maintaining the heat radiation characteristics, so that cracks are hardly generated. Become.
- the bonding layer 2 contains 50% by mass or more of 100% by mass of all the components constituting the bonding layer 2 of silver and copper. Further, it is preferable to contain one element A selected from indium, zinc and tin and one element B selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium and niobium.
- the element A contained in the bonding layer 2 is a component contained in the brazing material to be the bonding layer 2, and the element A composed of at least one selected from indium, zinc and tin has a low melting point and is easily melted. Since the flowability at the time can be improved, the gap generated between the bonding layer 2 and the ceramic substrate 1 or the circuit member 3 can be reduced. The presence or absence of this gap can be confirmed by an ultrasonic flaw detection method.
- the element B contained in the bonding layer 2 is a component contained in the brazing material to be the bonding layer 2, and the element B consisting of at least one selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium and niobium is the ceramic substrate 1 and The wettability with the circuit member 3 is good, and the ceramic substrate 1 and the circuit member 3 can be firmly bonded by the reaction between the component contained in the ceramic substrate 1 and the element B.
- the bonding strength between the ceramic substrate 1 and the circuit member 3 can be confirmed by measuring the peel strength in accordance with JIS C 6481-1996 (IEC 249-1 (1982)).
- the bonding layer 2 may contain at least one element C selected from molybdenum, tantalum, osmium, rhenium and tungsten in addition to silver, copper, element A and element B.
- the bonding layer 2 contains the element C
- the element C composed of at least one selected from molybdenum, osmium, rhenium and tungsten has a high melting point and is difficult to melt. Since it can suppress that the viscosity of a brazing material becomes high too much, the unnecessary protrusion of the exposed part 2a spreading too much or being connected with another joining layer can be suppressed.
- the bonding layer 2 contains silver, copper, element A, element B, and element C.
- the copper content is 35 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less, and element A is 0.1 mass%. It is preferable that 22% by mass or less, element B is 1% by mass to 8% by mass, element C is 9.5% by mass to 11.5% by mass, and the balance is silver.
- the components constituting the bonding layer 2 are identified and the content thereof is confirmed in the mounting portion 2b of the bonding layer 2, and an XRF (ICRF) or ICP (ICP: Inductively-Coupled-Plasma) emission spectroscopic analyzer is used. It can be confirmed by use.
- ICRF XRF
- ICP Inductively-Coupled-Plasma
- the circuit member 3 has a metal component as a main component.
- the main component in the circuit member 3 of this embodiment means the component which occupies 70 mass% or more among 100 mass% of all the components which comprise the circuit member 3.
- the content of copper is 90% by mass or more
- the content of copper is any of oxygen-free copper, tough pitch copper, and phosphorus deoxidized copper.
- the oxygen-free copper is made of any of linear crystalline oxygen-free copper having a copper content of 99.995% by mass or more, single-crystal high-purity oxygen-free copper, and vacuum-melted copper.
- the ceramic substrate 1 used for the circuit board 10 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a silicon nitride sintered body, an aluminum nitride sintered body, a boron nitride sintered body, a silicon carbide sintered body, and a boron carbide sintered body. It is preferable that the sintered body is an aluminum oxide sintered body or a zirconium oxide sintered body. Taking a silicon nitride sintered body as an example, a silicon nitride sintered body is a sintered body containing silicon nitride as a main component, where the main component refers to all the constituents of the sintered body. The component which occupies 70 mass% or more out of 100 mass% of components.
- the ceramic substrate 1 used for the circuit board 10 of the present embodiment it is preferable to use a silicon nitride sintered body because of its high voltage resistance and thermal shock resistance.
- the ceramic substrate 1 is made of a silicon nitride-based sintered body, and there are 50 to 200 white spots each having an equivalent circle diameter of 2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m per 1 mm 2 .
- the metal component contained in the brazing material to be the bonding layer 2 penetrates into the white spot during bonding, and a strong anchor effect is obtained, so that the bonding strength can be increased.
- the ceramic substrate 1 since the quantity of the metal component which penetrate
- the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots is 4 ⁇ m or more.
- the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots is the average value of the distance between the centroids of each white spot and the average value of the circle equivalent diameters of the white spots within the measurement range. It is the value obtained by subtracting the average value of the equivalent circle diameter from the average value.
- the degree of unevenness at the white point is 1.1 or more and 2.9 or less.
- the degree of unevenness indicates the degree of unevenness of the outline of the white point, and the larger the numerical value, the more unevenness exists in the outline.
- the unevenness degree of a white spot is 1.1 or more and 2.9 or less, in application
- the circularity at the white point is 0.7 or more and 0.9 or less.
- the outline of the white spot is closer to a perfect circle, and the perfect circle has a circularity of 1.
- the bonding strength with the circuit member 2 is suppressed while suppressing the occurrence of chipping from the outline of the white point in the application of the brazing material for joining the circuit member 2 or the like. Can be improved.
- the main surface of the ceramic substrate 1 is polished and processed into a mirror surface.
- the mirror-polished surface is used as a measurement surface, and is observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 100 times.
- the area is 1.2 mm 2 (the horizontal length is 1.2 mm, and the vertical length is 1 mm). ) Is taken in a dark field using a CCD camera.
- the number of white spots between 2 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m in the area of 1.2 mm 2 and the observed white spots are analyzed by using the image analysis software “A Image-kun” particle analysis method. The degree of unevenness and the circularity of can be obtained. Then, the number per 1 mm 2 of white spots having an equivalent circle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less may be converted into the number per 1 mm 2 .
- the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots is first analyzed by a technique called particle analysis using the image analysis software “A image kun” using the same image as described above, thereby obtaining a circle of white spots.
- the average value of the equivalent diameters is obtained, and then the average value of the distances between the centroids of the white spots is obtained by analyzing by a technique called the centroid distance method.
- the average value of the circle equivalent diameters of the white points from the average value of the distances between the centroids of the white points, the average value of the distances between the adjacent white points can be obtained.
- the brightness is bright
- the binarization method is manual
- the small figure removal area is 0 ⁇ m 2
- the index indicates the brightness of the image.
- a certain threshold value may be set to 1 to 1.4 times the peak value of the histogram indicating the brightness of each point (each pixel) in the image.
- FIG. 5A and 5B show an example of the electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E ′ of FIG.
- 5 is an electronic device S in which an electronic component 5 such as a semiconductor element is mounted on the circuit member 3 of the circuit board 10 of the present embodiment.
- the electronic device S since the electronic component 5 is placed on the circuit member 3 having high bonding strength with the circuit board 10, the electronic device S can be made highly reliable.
- one circuit member 3 is shown as an example. However, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a plurality of circuit members 3 may be used.
- a block mainly composed of copper to be the ceramic substrate 1 and the circuit member 3 is prepared.
- silver (Ag) -copper containing at least one element A selected from indium, zinc and tin and at least one element B selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium and niobium
- a paste brazing material of Cu) -based alloy is prepared.
- the brazing material may contain at least one element C selected from molybdenum, tantalum, osmium, rhenium and tungsten.
- the total content of silver, copper, element A, element B and element C is 100.
- the copper content is 35 mass% to 50 mass%
- the element A content is 0.5 mass% to 22 mass%
- the element B content is 1 mass% to 8 mass%
- a brazing material is applied on one main surface of the ceramic substrate 1 by any one of a screen printing method, a roll coater method, a brush coating method, and the like, and the copper to be the circuit member 3 is mainly formed on the applied brazing material.
- a resist which is an area smaller than the applied brazing material is printed at a desired position on the main surface of the block, and the resist is dried at 120 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower to obtain nitric hydrosulfuric acid, hydrofluoric nitric acid, hydrochloric acid or Etching with a ferric chloride aqueous solution or the like removes the portion where the resist is not printed on the block, thereby forming the circuit member 3, and the bonding layer 2 where the removed block is located is exposed to the exposed surface 2a.
- the circuit board 10 of the present embodiment can be obtained by removing the resist using an alkaline aqueous solution such as a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and washing it.
- the etching temperature is set to 40 ° C. to 50 ° C.
- the etching time may be 60 minutes or more and 110 minutes or less.
- the etching time is set to the above-mentioned temperature and the etching time is set to 70 minutes or more and 100 minutes or less. That's fine.
- a substrate having a size capable of obtaining a plurality of ceramic substrates 1 after the division is prepared, a brazing material is applied to a plurality of desired positions, and copper having a size covering all the brazing materials is provided thereon.
- a plurality of circuit boards 10 according to the present embodiment can be easily obtained by joining a block mainly composed of, and printing a resist at a desired position on the main surface of the block, performing etching, and cutting and dividing the board. be able to. Further, the circuit boards 20 to 40 of this embodiment can be obtained by changing the number of circuit members 3 to be joined to the ceramic substrate 1, the shape of the brazing material applied in plan view, and the shape of the blocks to be joined.
- the thickness of the circuit member 3 is, for example, 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less, and the thickness of the mounting portion 2b in the bonding layer 2 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less.
- a plurality of sets are provided on one main surface of the ceramic substrate 1 with the circuit member 3 and the bonding layer 2 as one set, and among the intervals between the end surfaces of the adjacent circuit members 3, exposure between the end surfaces is performed.
- adjustment may be made at a position where the brazing material is applied and a position where the resist is printed on the main surface of the block.
- the ceramic substrate 1 is made of a silicon nitride sintered body (hereinafter referred to as a silicon nitride substrate)
- a silicon nitride substrate having 50 or more and 200 or less white spots having an equivalent circle diameter of 2 to 30 ⁇ m per mm 2
- the ⁇ conversion rate is 20% or less
- Silicon nitride powder having a purity of 98% or more and magnesium oxide (MgO) and rare earth metal oxides for example, Sc 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , Ce 2 O 3 , Pr 6 O 11, Nd 2 O 3, Pm 2 O 3, Sm 2 O 3, Eu 2 O 3, Gd 2 O 3, Tb 2 O 3, Dy 2 O 3, Ho 2 O 3, Er 2 O 3,
- a mixing device such as a barrel mill, a rotating mill, a vibration mill, a be
- the addition amount of the magnesium oxide powder is 1% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, and the addition amount of the rare earth metal oxide powder is 2% by mass or more and 4% by mass or less. Yes, the balance being silicon nitride powder.
- a silicon nitride substrate in order for 50 to 200 white spots having a circle equivalent diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less to be present per 1 mm 2 , the content of calcium contained in the silicon nitride substrate is included. What is necessary is just to add a calcium powder so that it may become 2 mass ppm or more and 100 mass ppm or less.
- the dispersant is added to 100 parts by mass of the silicon nitride powder and each of the additive component powders. It is sufficient to add a part.
- the mixing and pulverization time by the mixing device may be 24 hours or more and 72 hours or less, for example.
- the mixing / pulverization time by the mixing device may be set to 36 hours or more and 60 hours or less, for example.
- the addition amount of the magnesium oxide powder is 2% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less, and the addition amount of the rare earth metal oxide powder is 12% by mass or more and 16% by mass or less.
- the amount of aluminum oxide powder added is 0.1 mass% or more and 0.5 mass% or less, and the balance is silicon nitride powder.
- an organic binder is added to and mixed with the obtained slurry, and then spray-dried to obtain granules mainly composed of silicon nitride. And using a granule, it shape
- a compact is obtained by using a pressure molding method and filling the mold with silicon nitride granules and then pressurizing.
- the obtained molded body is put into a mortar made of a silicon nitride sintered body and fired using a firing furnace in which a graphite resistance heating element is installed.
- molding is performed by arranging and firing a co-material having a composition similar to that of the molded body in an amount of 2 parts by mass or more and less than 10 parts by mass around the molded body with respect to 100 parts by mass of the molded body. Volatilization of the components contained in the body can be suppressed.
- the temperature is raised in a vacuum atmosphere from room temperature to 300 to 1000 ° C., and then nitrogen gas is introduced to maintain the nitrogen partial pressure at 15 to 900 kPa.
- the temperature is further increased and held at 1640 ° C. or higher and 1750 ° C. or lower for 4 hours or longer and 10 hours or shorter, and then cooled at a temperature lowering rate of 170 ° C./hour or higher and 230 ° C./hour or lower.
- a silicon nitride substrate in which 50 to 200 white spots having a size of 30 ⁇ m or less per 1 mm 2 can be obtained.
- circuit boards 10 to 40 including the circuit member 3 on one main surface of the ceramic substrate 1 and the electronic device S have been described.
- a heat dissipation member is provided on the other main surface of the ceramic substrate 1. You may prepare.
- a silicon nitride substrate was prepared. Moreover, the block used as a circuit member was prepared. Further, a silver (Ag) -copper (Cu) alloy paste brazing material containing tin, titanium and molybdenum was prepared.
- Ag silver
- Cu copper
- titanium and molybdenum each content of silver, copper, tin, titanium and molybdenum is 51.9% by mass of silver, 40% by mass of copper, 2.6% by mass of tin, out of a total of 100% by mass of these elements. Titanium was 2.5 mass% and molybdenum was 3.0 mass%.
- the prepared brazing material is formed on one main surface of the silicon nitride substrate.
- a resist is printed at a desired position on the main surface of the block, dried at 140 ° C., and etched with an aqueous ferric chloride solution containing ferric chloride in the range of 28.4% to 32.4% by mass. I did it.
- the etching temperature was 45 ° C., and the etching time was as shown in Table 1.
- the resist was stripped and washed using an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and sample No. 1 in which one circuit member was provided on one main surface of the silicon nitride substrate. 1-7 were obtained.
- the configuration in plan view is the same as that of the circuit member shown in FIG. 1, and the length of the exposed portion from the end surface of the circuit member is 0.2 mm.
- the area is 4 ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ m 2 (200 ⁇ magnification using SEM from the portion where the voids in the exposed portion are observed on average.
- the average value of the degree of dispersion of the voids is selected by selecting five locations where the lengths in the vertical and horizontal directions are 200 ⁇ m, respectively, and analyzing them using the method of distance between centers of gravity in the image analysis software “A image-kun” Asked. Similarly, using image analysis software “A image-kun”, analysis was performed by a method called particle analysis, and the average value of the equivalent circle diameters of the voids obtained by the analysis is shown in Table 1.
- the threshold value which is an index indicating the brightness of the image, is 60.
- One cycle is a cycle in which the temperature is lowered from room temperature to ⁇ 45 ° C. and held for 15 minutes, then heated up and held at 125 ° C. for 15 minutes, and then lowered to room temperature.
- the length of the longest crack generated on the surface of the exposed portion was measured with a microscope at a magnification of 100 times, and the value is shown in Table 1.
- sample No. Samples Nos. 2 to 6 are sample Nos.
- the length of the longest crack after 3500 cycles was shorter than 1 and 7.
- the average value of the degree of dispersion of the voids is 3 or more and 55 or less, so that the progress of cracks can be suppressed even when exposed to a heat cycle.
- Sample No. 3 to 5 are sample Nos. The result is that the longest crack length after 3500 cycles is shorter than 2 and 6, and the average value of the void equivalent circle diameter is 4 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less. It turned out that it can suppress.
- the etching temperature is 45 ° C.
- the time is 80 minutes Is the same as the method shown in Example 1, and sample No. 8-12 were obtained.
- the average value of the degree of dispersion of the voids in the exposed part was 29.0.
- the values of the distance L 0 between the end faces of the circuit board and the lengths L 1 and L 2 of the exposed portions shown in Table 2 were measured at a magnification of 100 times using an optical microscope.
- sample no. Samples Nos. 9 to 11 are sample Nos.
- the peel strength value is larger than 8, and sample No.
- the breakdown strength was greater than 12. From this result, the ratio of the total length of the exposed portions between the end faces with respect to the distance between the end faces of the adjacent circuit members is 25% or more and 38% or less, thereby providing a highly reliable circuit board. all right.
- the protruding length, porosity, and peel strength were evaluated.
- the protrusion length the sample No. with the longest distance between the bonding layers was used. Based on 22 and 23, the difference in the length of the distance between the bonding layers from this reference value is shown in Table 3 as the protruding length.
- the area S o of the main surface of the circuit member bonded to the silicon nitride substrate, and the total area of the voids generated between the silicon nitride substrate and the bonding layer in this area S o and a S v, are those determined in S v / S o ⁇ 100, for S v, can be determined by ultrasonic flaw detection method.
- the measurement conditions of the ultrasonic flaw detection method were a flaw detection frequency of 50 MHz, a gain of 30 dB, and a scan pitch of 100 ⁇ m.
- peel strength was measured in accordance with JIS C 6481-1996.
- element A, element B, and element C are tin, titanium, and molybdenum, respectively, the contents of element A and element B are the same, and the contents of element C are different.
- the elements A, B, and C are tin, titanium, and molybdenum, respectively, the contents of the elements A and C are the same, and the contents of the element B are different.
- sample No. 18, 21, 24, and 25 had high bonding strength.
- Sample A, Element A, Element B, and Element C are Tin, Titanium, and Molybdenum, the contents of Element B and Element C are the same, and the contents of Element A are different.
- the protrusion of the bonding layer was small.
- the element A is 0.5 mass% to 22 mass%
- the element B is 1 mass% to 8 mass%
- C is preferably 9.5 mass% or more and 11.5 mass% or less.
- Sample A, Element B, Element C are tin, Titanium, and Molybdenum, and the contents of Element A, Element B, and Element C are the same, and the contents of copper are different.
- sample no. Nos. 13, 21, and 30 have no voids, have sufficient bonding strength, have little protrusion, and have a copper content of 35% by mass to 50% by mass.
- MgO magnesium oxide
- Er 2 O 3 erbium oxide
- oxidation as additive components
- Each powder of aluminum (Al 2 O 3 ) and molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ) was wet-mixed using a rotary mill, and mixed and pulverized until the particle size (D 90 ) became 1 ⁇ m or less to obtain a slurry.
- calcium powder having the contents shown in Table 4 was also added.
- an organic binder was added to and mixed with the obtained slurry, followed by spray drying to obtain silicon nitride granules. And using the silicon nitride granule, it shape
- the obtained molded body was put in a mortar made of a silicon nitride-based sintered body and placed in a firing furnace in which a graphite resistance heating element was installed and fired.
- a graphite resistance heating element was installed and fired.
- 6 parts by mass of a co-material including components such as silicon nitride, magnesium oxide and rare earth metal oxide
- a co-material including components such as silicon nitride, magnesium oxide and rare earth metal oxide
- the temperature was raised in a vacuum atmosphere from room temperature to 1000 ° C., and then nitrogen gas was introduced to maintain the nitrogen partial pressure at 100 kPa. And the temperature in a baking furnace was raised and it hold
- the surface obtained by polishing the main surface to a mirror surface is used as a measurement surface, and an optical microscope is used.
- the brightness is bright
- the binarization method is manual
- the small figure removal area is 0 ⁇ m 2
- a threshold value that is an index indicating the brightness of the image is set to each point ( It was set to 1.2 times the peak value of the histogram indicating the brightness of each pixel).
- the dielectric breakdown strength (MV / m) of each sample was measured according to JIS C 2141-1992 (IEC 672-2 (1980)). The values are shown in Table 1.
- the material of the electrode formed in each sample was brass, and silicone oil was used as the surrounding medium of each sample.
- Example 1 the sample No. 1 of Example 1 was used. 4 to form a circuit board and measure the peel strength (kN / m) between the silicon nitride substrate and the circuit member in accordance with JIS C 6481-1996 to evaluate the bonding strength. did. The results are shown in Table 4.
- the silicon nitride substrate had high dielectric strength, but the bonding strength between the silicon nitride substrate and the circuit member was high. As a result, it was found that it is preferable that the silicon nitride substrate has 50 or more and 200 or less white spots each having an equivalent circle diameter of 2 to 30 ⁇ m per 1 mm 2 .
- silicon nitride powder and magnesium oxide powder, erbium oxide powder, aluminum oxide powder, and molybdenum oxide powder were used as additive components, and weighed in the same amount as in Example 4. Further, calcium powder having a content of 5 ppm in the silicon nitride substrate was also added, wet-mixed using a rotary mill, and pulverized until the particle size (D 90 ) became 1 ⁇ m or less to obtain a slurry. In this pulverization, the dispersant (carboxyl group-containing water-soluble polymer) in the amount shown in Table 5 was added to 100 parts by mass of the silicon nitride powder and each of the additive component powders. For the subsequent steps, a silicon nitride substrate was obtained by the same method as that shown in Example 4.
- Example 4 In order to obtain the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots, first, using an image photographed by the same method as in Example 4, analysis is performed by a method called particle analysis by image analysis software “A image kun”. Thus, the average value of the circle-equivalent diameters of the white points was obtained, and then the average value of the distances between the centroids of the white points was obtained by analysis using a method called the distance between centroids. And the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots was calculated
- the setting conditions were the same as in Example 4.
- the average value of the distance between adjacent white spots is preferably 4 ⁇ m or more.
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Abstract
Description
また、回路部材3の端面の湾曲度は、8%以上22%以下であることが好適である。ここで、湾曲度とは、図4(c)に示すように、湾曲している端面の両端を結ぶ直線の距離をx、この直線から最も湾曲している部分までの法線方向の距離をyとしたとき、y/x×100という計算式で表される値であり、光学顕微鏡等を用い、回路部材3の側面または断面について、100倍以上200倍以下の倍率の画像を用いて求めることができる。
2:接合層
2a:搭載部
2b:露出部
3:回路部材
5:電子部品
10、20、30、40:回路基板
S:電子装置
Claims (7)
- セラミック基板の一方の主面に、接合層を介して回路部材が設けられてなる回路基板であって、前記接合層は、前記回路部材が搭載される搭載部と露出部とからなり、該露出部の表面に空隙を備え、該空隙の重心間距離の分散度の平均値が3以上55以下であることを特徴とする回路基板。
- 前記空隙の円相当径での平均値が4μm以上12μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の回路基板。
- 前記セラミック基板の一方の主面に、前記回路部材と前記接合層とを1組として、複数組が設けられてなり、隣り合う前記回路部材の端面間の間隔に対する前記端面間におけるそれぞれの前記露出部の長さの合計の比率が25%以上38%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の回路基板。
- 前記搭載部は、銀および銅と、インジウム、亜鉛および錫から選択される少なくとも1種の元素Aと、チタン、ジルコニウム、ハフニウムおよびニオブから選択される少なくとも1種の元素Bと、モリブデン、オスミウム、レニウムおよびタングステンから選択される少なくとも1種の元素Cとを含み、前記銀、前記銅、前記元素A、前記元素Bおよび前記元素Cの含有量の合計100質量%のうち、前記銅の含有量が35質量%以上50質量%以下、前記元素Aの含有量が0.5質量%以上22質量%以下、前記元素Bの含有量が1質量%以上8質量%以下、前記元素Cの含有量が9.5質量%以上11.5質量%以下であり、残部が前記銀からなることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
- 前記セラミック基板が窒化珪素質焼結体からなり、円相当径が2μm以上30μm以下の大きさの白点が、1mm2当たりに50個以上200個以下存在することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
- 隣り合う前記白点間の距離の平均値が4μm以上であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の回路基板。
- 請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれかに記載の回路基板における前記回路部材上に電子部品を搭載してなることを特徴とする電子装置。
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JP2004314161A (ja) * | 2003-04-21 | 2004-11-11 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | セラミックス基板用ろう材及びこれを用いたセラミックス回路基板 |
WO2011034075A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-24 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックス回路基板及びその製造方法 |
JP2012092006A (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-05-17 | Kyocera Corp | 窒化珪素質焼結体およびこれを用いた回路基板ならびに電子装置 |
WO2013008651A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | 京セラ株式会社 | 回路基板および電子装置 |
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JP2007173577A (ja) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | セラミックス回路基板 |
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JP2004314161A (ja) * | 2003-04-21 | 2004-11-11 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | セラミックス基板用ろう材及びこれを用いたセラミックス回路基板 |
WO2011034075A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-15 | 2011-03-24 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックス回路基板及びその製造方法 |
JP2012092006A (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-05-17 | Kyocera Corp | 窒化珪素質焼結体およびこれを用いた回路基板ならびに電子装置 |
WO2013008651A1 (ja) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-17 | 京セラ株式会社 | 回路基板および電子装置 |
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JPWO2021054316A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | ||
JP7441234B2 (ja) | 2019-09-20 | 2024-02-29 | デンカ株式会社 | 回路基板及びこれを備えるモジュール |
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EP3125286B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
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