WO2008062800A1 - Dispositif à semi-conducteur et son procédé d'entraînement - Google Patents
Dispositif à semi-conducteur et son procédé d'entraînement Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008062800A1 WO2008062800A1 PCT/JP2007/072476 JP2007072476W WO2008062800A1 WO 2008062800 A1 WO2008062800 A1 WO 2008062800A1 JP 2007072476 W JP2007072476 W JP 2007072476W WO 2008062800 A1 WO2008062800 A1 WO 2008062800A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 542
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/778—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface
- H01L29/7786—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT
- H01L29/7787—Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT with wide bandgap charge-carrier supplying layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MODFET
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/06—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration
- H01L27/0605—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration integrated circuits made of compound material, e.g. AIIIBV
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/70—Bipolar devices
- H01L29/72—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals
- H01L29/739—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field-effect, e.g. bipolar static induction transistors [BSIT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0603—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions
- H01L29/0607—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration
- H01L29/0611—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
- H01L29/0615—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
- H01L29/0619—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE] with a supplementary region doped oppositely to or in rectifying contact with the semiconductor containing or contacting region, e.g. guard rings with PN or Schottky junction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/10—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/1066—Gate region of field-effect devices with PN junction gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
- H01L29/2003—Nitride compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/432—Heterojunction gate for field effect devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/80—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
- H01L29/812—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with a Schottky gate
- H01L29/8124—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with a Schottky gate with multiple gate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly to a semiconductor device that performs bidirectional switch operation used for power control and a method of driving the same.
- nitride semiconductors such as gallium nitride (GaN) as power switching devices.
- GaN can form various mixed crystals with aluminum nitride (A1N) and indium nitride (InN) S
- nitride semiconductors form heterojunctions like arsenic-based semiconductors such as gallium arsenide (GaAs). be able to. Therefore, it can be used to form a heterojunction field effect transistor (HFET) utilizing a heterojunction.
- HFET heterojunction field effect transistor
- a structure for reducing the film thickness or the A1 composition ratio of an AlGaN layer which is simply a barrier layer in an AlGaN / GaN hetero junction, a recess in a gate portion It is known that the threshold voltage is shifted in the positive direction by providing an FET, an FET is produced on the (10-12) plane of the sapphire substrate, and no polarization field is generated in the crystal growth direction of the nitride semiconductor. I see.
- JFET junction type field effect transistor
- Patent Document 2 JFET uses a pn junction with a larger built-in potential than a Schottky junction for the gate. This makes it possible to increase the gate rising voltage and apply a positive gate voltage. Also has the advantage that the gate leakage current can be reduced.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a bidirectional switch capable of controlling bidirectional current, and a bidirectional switch using a GaN semiconductor.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-273486
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-228320
- Patent Document 3 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/018956
- the bidirectional switch operation is a switch operation capable of causing current to flow in at least one direction and interrupting bidirectional current.
- the conventional FET since the conventional FET has a low withstand voltage (reverse withstand voltage) against a negative bias, there is a problem that it is impossible to realize a bidirectional switch body that conducts and shuts off current unless a plurality of elements are combined. . Furthermore, when operating as a bidirectional switch, control from an external device becomes complicated. It is also difficult to control in 4 quadrants and operate as a diode or reverse blocking switch.
- the conventional normally-off FET has a narrow allowable range of voltage that can be applied to the gate electrode. Therefore, a gate voltage higher than about IV can not be applied, and there is a possibility that a malfunction may occur due to noise.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can realize a semiconductor device having excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristics and capable of forming a bidirectional switch body and applying a high gate voltage with only one element. With the goal.
- the semiconductor device according to the present invention is formed on a substrate, and has a semiconductor layer laminate having a channel region, and a semiconductor layer laminate formed on the semiconductor layer laminate at a distance from each other. Between the first and second electrodes, and the first and second electrodes. A first gate electrode and a second gate electrode formed between the first gate electrode and the second electrode, and between the semiconductor layer stack and the first gate electrode; And a first control layer having conductivity of the mold.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention includes a first control layer having p-type conductivity. Therefore, holes can be injected into the channel region by applying a forward bias from the first gate electrode to the channel region. Holes injected into the channel region perform functions like donor ions, so that carrier concentration can be modulated in the channel region. As a result, it is possible to realize a normally-off type nitride semiconductor transistor having a large operating current.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention has an operation mode in which holes are injected into the channel region by applying a positive voltage to the first gate electrode based on the potential of the first electrode. May be
- the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode and the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode may be different from each other.
- the second gate electrode may have a Schottky junction with the semiconductor layer stack.
- the semiconductor layer laminate may have a recess, and the second gate electrode may be in contact with the bottom of the recess.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention may further include a second control layer formed between the semiconductor layer stack and the second gate electrode and having p-type conductivity.
- the uppermost layer of the semiconductor layer stack includes a first portion and a second portion having a thinner film thickness than the first portion, and the first control layer and the second portion have a first portion and a second portion.
- the first portion encloses the third portion whose film thickness is equal to or less than the second portion.
- the first control layer and the second control layer may be formed on the first portion and the third portion.
- the semiconductor layer laminate includes a first semiconductor layer formed sequentially from the lower side, and a second semiconductor layer having a larger band gap than the first semiconductor layer.
- the etching absorption layer may have a smaller band gap than the second semiconductor layer, and the etching absorption layer may be the uppermost layer of the semiconductor layer stack.
- the first control layer and the second control layer may have a protrusion.
- the semiconductor device is formed in a region between the first control layer and the second control layer on the semiconductor layer stack, and the first control layer and the second control layer are formed.
- the high resistance layer may be further provided.
- the high resistance layer may be gallium oxide or a layer containing boron ions.
- the semiconductor device further includes an undoped semiconductor layer formed on the semiconductor layer stack, and the first control layer and the second control layer are selective to the semiconductor layer of one pair. It may be a p-type impurity diffusion region formed in
- the semiconductor device further includes an oxide film layer having an opening formed on the semiconductor layer laminate, and the first control layer and the second control layer are exposed to an opening force. It may be formed to be in contact with the stacked semiconductor layer.
- the distance between the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode is larger than the distance between the first electrode and the first gate electrode, and the second electrode and the second electrode are separated.
- the size of the gate electrode is larger than that of the gate electrode.
- a voltage force equal to or higher than the built-in potential of the pn junction formed by the first control layer and the semiconductor layer laminate is applied between the first gate electrode and the first electrode.
- a potential higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied to the first gate electrode with reference to the potential of the first electrode, and the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is reduced.
- a current flows from the second electrode to the first electrode, and a current from the first electrode to the second electrode
- a potential less than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied to the first gate electrode with reference to the potential of the first electrode, and a potential less than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode.
- the first A current may not flow between the pole and the second electrode in either direction.
- the second electrode and the second gate electrode may be electrically shorted.
- a potential higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied to the first gate electrode based on the potential of the first electrode, and the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is higher Is applied to the second gate electrode with reference to the potential of the second electrode, a current flows in both directions between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first gate is brought into conduction.
- a potential lower than the threshold voltage of the electrode is applied to the first gate electrode based on the potential of the first electrode, and a potential lower than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is based on the potential of the second electrode. The current does not flow in either direction between the 1st electrode and the 2nd electrode by applying to the gate electrode of! / ⁇ .
- the semiconductor device of the present invention further includes a third control layer formed on the semiconductor layer stack, spaced apart from the first control layer, and having p-type conductivity,
- the gate electrode and the second electrode may be integrally formed on the third control layer.
- the semiconductor layer laminate includes a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer sequentially stacked from the substrate side, and the second semiconductor layer is a first semiconductor layer.
- the channel region whose band gap is larger than that of the channel region is an interface region between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor layer stack is made of a nitride semiconductor or a silicon carbide semiconductor, and / or may be!
- the nitride semiconductor may contain at least one of gallium nitride and aluminum gallium nitride.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention further includes a control unit that controls a voltage applied to the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode, and the control unit is configured to control the first electrode and the second electrode.
- a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied to the first gate electrode with reference to the potential of the first electrode, and the second gate electrode is A voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is applied with reference to the potential of the second electrode, and no current flows in either direction between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- Voltage is applied to the first gate electrode with respect to the potential of the first electrode as a reference, and a voltage equal to or less than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied to the first gate electrode. You may apply a voltage below the threshold voltage of the 2 gate electrodes!
- the control unit includes a first power supply that applies a voltage between the first electrode and the first gate electrode, and a second power supply that applies a voltage between the second electrode and the second gate electrode. And may be included.
- the output voltage of the first power supply and the output voltage of the second power supply may be equal to each other.
- the first power supply and the second power supply may be variable power supplies capable of changing the output voltage.
- the control unit applies a first control terminal to which a first control signal for controlling a voltage applied to the first gate electrode is input, and a second control electrode.
- a second control terminal to which a second control signal for controlling the voltage is input, and a first gate driven between the first electrode and the first gate electrode driven by the first control signal A first state in which a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the electrode is applied, and a second state in which a voltage lower than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied between the first electrode and the gate electrode.
- the first gate drive circuit to be switched, driven by the second control signal, and a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is applied between the second electrode and the second gate electrode.
- the first gate drive circuit may be in the second state, and the second gate drive circuit may be in the fourth state!
- the first gate drive circuit and the second gate drive circuit may be configured such that the reference potentials are controlled by control signals different from each other.
- the semiconductor element is normally-off type, and the control unit applies a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode between the first electrode and the first gate electrode.
- the drive circuit is the first In the second state, the first power source is connected between the first electrode and the first gate electrode, and in the second state, the first electrode is shorted to the first gate electrode, In the third state, the gate drive circuit connects the second power supply between the second electrode and the second gate electrode, and in the fourth state, the second electrode and the second gate electrode. May be short-circuited.
- the semiconductor element is normally on type, and the control unit applies a voltage equal to or lower than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode between the first electrode and the first gate electrode.
- a fourth power supply for applying a voltage lower than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode between the second electrode and the second gate electrode, The circuit shorts the first electrode and the first gate electrode in the first state, and in the second state, connects the third power supply between the first electrode and the first gate electrode.
- the second gate drive circuit short-circuits the second electrode and the second gate electrode in the third state, and connects the second electrode and the second gate electrode in the fourth state.
- the fourth power source may be connected between them.
- the control unit includes a first power supply that applies a voltage higher than a threshold voltage of the first gate electrode between the first electrode and the first gate electrode; A second power supply for applying a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode between the second electrode and the second gate electrode, and a first power source between the first electrode and the first gate electrode A third power supply that applies a voltage less than or equal to the threshold voltage of the gate electrode, and a fourth power supply that applies a voltage less than or equal to the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode between the second electrode and the second gate electrode And, in a first state, the first gate drive circuit connects a first power supply between the first electrode and the first gate electrode, and in the second state, the first gate drive circuit.
- a third power supply is connected between the electrode and the first gate electrode, and the second gate drive circuit is configured to, in the third state, connect the second electrode and the second gate.
- a second power supply connected between the gate electrode, in the fourth state, the second electrode and the fourth structure is a also good Les connecting the power between the second gate electrode.
- the control unit includes a drive power supply for supplying power to the first gate drive circuit, a capacitor for supplying power to the second gate drive circuit, and a charge circuit for charging the capacitor.
- the charge circuit is connected between the drive power supply and the capacitor, and includes a charge switch circuit that charges the capacitor with the drive power supply! // ,.
- the charge switch circuit comprises a semiconductor switch and the semiconductor switch. Including a diode and a diode in series with the switch!
- the semiconductor switch may be a p-channel MOSFET, a p-channel IGBT or a PNP transistor! / ⁇ .
- the charging circuit may be configured to charge the capacitor when current flows between the second electrode and the first electrode.
- control unit includes a first step-down circuit connected between the first gate drive circuit and the first gate electrode, a second gate drive circuit, and a second step. And / or have a second step-down circuit connected between the gate electrode and
- the first step-down circuit and the second step-down circuit may be configured to include a resistance element and a Zener diode.
- the second gate drive circuit may have a photocoupler that electrically isolates the second control signal from the potential of the second electrode.
- the second gate drive circuit may have a level shift circuit that converts the signal level of the second control signal! // !.
- the control unit has a delay circuit for delaying the first control signal and inputting it to the first control terminal, and the delay time of the delay circuit is determined by the delay of the level shift circuit. It may be equal to the delay time.
- the second gate drive circuit has a primary side connected between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a secondary side connected to the second gate electrode and the second control terminal. And between, the voltage and phase of the output from the secondary side equal to the voltage and phase of the input to the primary side! /, Have a transformer! /, May!
- the second gate drive circuit has a primary side connected between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a secondary side connected to the second gate electrode and the second control terminal.
- a transformer the voltage of the output from the secondary side being equal to the voltage of the input to the primary side, and the phase of the output from the secondary side being out of phase with the phase of the input to the primary side, Has a phase compensation circuit that compensates for the phase shift between the side and secondary side!
- the phase compensation circuit preferably comprises a capacitor.
- the second gate drive circuit has a transformer in which the second control signal is input to the primary side, and the secondary side is connected to the second electrode and the second gate electrode. You may have
- the second gate drive circuit has a pulse current generation unit connected to the primary side of the transformer to generate a pulse current, and the second control signal is a pulse. It may be configured to be input to the transformer via the current generator.
- the first gate drive circuit may be configured to directly apply the first control signal between the first electrode and the first gate electrode.
- the first control signal and the second control signal may be the same signal.
- a first electrode, a first gate electrode, a first electrode, and a first electrode formed in order at intervals from each other on a semiconductor layer stack formed on a substrate.
- a driving method of a semiconductor device provided with a semiconductor element having two gate electrodes and a second electrode is targeted, and is higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode between the first electrode and the first gate electrode.
- a voltage equal to or lower than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode is applied between the first ohmic electrode and the first gate electrode, and
- a voltage equal to or lower than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is applied between the second gate electrode and the second gate electrode, and
- a step is taken to cut off the connection between the first ceramic electrode and the second ceramic electrode. Is equipped. For this reason, even when the potential of the second ohmic electrode is lower than the potential of the first ohmic electrode, the channel region is pinched off below the second gate electrode. Therefore, between the first and second ohmic electrodes, whichever It is possible to cut off current so that it does not flow in either direction, so a bidirectional switch can be realized.
- a semiconductor device having excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristics capable of forming a bidirectional switch body with only one element and applying a high gate voltage, and a driving method thereof Can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing current-voltage characteristics of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing current-voltage characteristics of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for illustrating problems that occur in the dual gate semiconductor device.
- FIG. 10 A sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a first modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 A sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 A sectional view showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in order of process.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a third modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 shows a semiconductor device according to a fourth modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional view [FIG. 15] A sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a fifth modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the fifth modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 17 A sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to a sixth modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 A sectional view showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a sixth modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in order of process.
- FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a semiconductor device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing current-voltage characteristics of the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device used in a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device used in a semiconductor device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the semiconductor element used in the semiconductor device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a circuit diagram showing a semiconductor device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a circuit diagram showing a sustain circuit according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of sign
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a nitride semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention!
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment is a dual gate semiconductor device. Specifically, a buffer layer 12 made of A1 N having a thickness of 100 nm is formed on a substrate 11 made of sapphire whose plane orientation of the main surface is a (0001) plane, and a semiconductor layer laminate 13 is formed thereon. Is formed.
- the semiconductor layer stack 13 has a first semiconductor layer 14 made of undoped GaN having a thickness of 1 m and a second semiconductor layer 15 made of undoped Al Ga N having a thickness of 25 nm on the lower side.
- titanium (Ti) and aluminum (A1) are stacked, one of which is a source electrode and the other is a drain electrode.
- a first electrode 16A and a second electrode 16B. are spaced apart from one another.
- a first control layer 19A and a p-type doped GaN each having a thickness of 200 nm are formed.
- a second control layer 19B is formed spaced apart from one another.
- a first control layer 19A is made of nickel (Ni) first.
- the gate electrode 18A is formed.
- a second gate electrode 18B made of Ni is formed on the second control layer 19B.
- a passivation film 41 made of silicon nitride is formed on the second semiconductor layer 15, the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed on the second semiconductor layer 15 in a stripe of, for example, a width of 1.5 m, and the first gate electrode 18A and the first control layer 19B are formed.
- the two gate electrodes 18B are formed in a stripe shape with a width of 1 m.
- the distance L1 from the side end of the first control layer 19A to the side end of the second electrode 16B is preferably 5 m or more.
- the distance L2 from the side end of the second control layer 19B to the side end of the first electrode 16A is preferably 5 mm or more.
- the transistor of the first embodiment is formed on the first control layer 19A having the first gate electrode 18A and the conductivity of the third type. Therefore, by applying a forward bias from the first gate electrode 18A to the channel region generated in the interface region between the first semiconductor layer 14 and the second semiconductor layer 15, the channel region is formed. Holes can be injected into the In nitride semiconductors, the mobility of holes is much lower than the mobility of electrons, so holes injected into the channel region hardly contribute as carriers for current flow!
- the holes injected from the first gate electrode 18A generate the same amount of electrons in the channel region, so the effect of generating the electrons in the channel region is enhanced, and the function like donor ion is exhibited. Do. That is, since the carrier concentration can be modulated in the channel region, it is possible to realize a normally-off nitride semiconductor transistor having a large operating current.
- the structure of the present invention is similar to that of JFET, but operates in a completely different principle of operation from that of JFET that performs carrier modulation in the channel region by the gate electric field in that carrier injection is intentionally performed. . Specifically, when a gate voltage of 3 V or more exceeds the built-in potential of the S junction that operates as a JFET until the gate voltage is 3 V, holes are injected into the gate, and the mechanism described above Current increases, high current and low Operation is possible.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment can apply a high gate voltage, and can generate a malfunction due to noise.
- the second control layer 19 B is formed near the second electrode 16 B, and the second gate electrode 18 B is formed on the second control layer 19 B. Is being formed.
- the second gate electrode 18B can also control the channel region S similarly to the first gate electrode 18A. Therefore, the electrical conductivity between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B is controlled by the first gate electrode 18A, and at least the potential of the second electrode 16B is higher than the potential of the first electrode 16A.
- the channel region below the second control layer 19B can be brought into a pinch-off state.
- unlike the conventional FET it exhibits excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristics in which no current flows between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the second gate electrode 18B has the same potential as the second electrode 16B. Therefore, when a positive bias is applied to the second electrode 16B, a positive bias is also applied to the second gate electrode 18B, and between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B. The electrical conductivity of is controlled by the first gate electrode 18A. On the other hand, when a negative bias is applied to the second electrode 16B, a negative bias is also applied to the second gate electrode 18B. Therefore, the depletion layer spreads in the region under the second control layer 19B in the first semiconductor layer 14 and the second semiconductor layer 15, and the channel region is pinched off. As a result, unlike the conventional FET, when a negative bias is applied to the second electrode 16B, an excellent reverse breakdown voltage prevents a current from flowing between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B. Show the characteristics.
- FIG. 2 shows the case where the second gate electrode 18 B and the second electrode 16 B are electrically connected (short circuited), and the first electrode 16 A is a source electrode and the second electrode 16 B is a drain electrode.
- V the first electrode 16 A is a source electrode and the second electrode 16 B is a drain electrode.
- V is the voltage between the second electrode 16B and the first electrode 16A And corresponds to the drain voltage Vds of a normal FET.
- I is the second electrode 16B and the first
- V which is a horizontal axis is a voltage based on the first electrode 16A
- I is a vertical axis.
- S2S1 S2S has a positive current flowing from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A. Also, the first
- negative V drain voltage
- I drain voltage
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment has excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristics that I can not flow even if V becomes negative regardless of the voltage applied to the first gate electrode 18A.
- the excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristic enables control in four quadrants that can not be achieved by the conventional semiconductor device.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B can be removed by doping magnesium (Mg) of about 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or so.
- the carrier concentration of is about 10 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are made of GaN, they may be made of AlGaN.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B may be made of a material that exhibits good atomic properties with respect to the force of the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B. You may use sodium (Pd) and so on!
- first electrode 16 A and the second electrode 16 B are formed on the second semiconductor layer 15, the first electrode 16 and the second semiconductor layer 15 may be formed by tunneling current. Any structure can be used as long as it can form an ohmic junction by being electrically connected to the two-dimensional electron gas generated at the junction interface.
- first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16 in the second semiconductor layer 15 An impurity such as silicon (Si) may be selectively diffused in the lower region of the electrode 16B.
- the (0001) plane can be used. It does not have to be.
- a plurality of semiconductor devices may be formed by providing an element isolation region.
- the element isolation region may be formed, for example, by implanting boron (B 2) ions to selectively increase the resistance of the first element isolation region and the second element isolation region.
- the second gate electrode 18B may be formed to cover the second electrode 16B to short the second electrode 16B and the second gate electrode 18B. . This can simplify the wiring formation process. Also, conversely, the second gate electrode 18B may be formed to cover the second electrode 16B! / !.
- FIG. 4 shows the cross-sectional configuration of the semiconductor device according to the second embodiment.
- the description of the components shown in FIG. 4 that are the same as those shown in FIG. 3 will be omitted by retaining the same reference numerals.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment has a thickness of 15 nm between the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- a third semiconductor layer 17 made of p-type doped Al Ga N is formed.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed by forming a nitride semiconductor layer of p-type GaN on the second semiconductor layer 15, and then dry etching using chlorine gas or the like.
- the p-type nitride semiconductor layer is selectively etched.
- the over-etching in which the second semiconductor layer 15 is scraped or the under-etching in which the p-type nitride semiconductor layer remains on the second semiconductor layer 15 may occur.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B which are n- type ceramic electrodes, are formed on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer remaining during the etching. The contact resistances of the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are increased.
- the etching rate is smaller than that of the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B! /, By providing the third semiconductor layer 17 having p-type conductivity.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are third semiconductor layers.
- the opening 17 is formed in the opening 17 and is formed in contact with the second semiconductor layer 15.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are formed so as to penetrate the second semiconductor layer 15 and to be in contact with the first semiconductor layer 14 as long as an ohmic contact can be formed with the channel region. For example, even better ohmic contact can be realized.
- the second gate electrode 18B is formed so as to cover the second electrode 16B is shown. Even when the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B are short-circuited by a wire Good.
- FIG. 5 shows the cross-sectional configuration of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 1 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- an integrated electrode 16C is formed on the second control layer 19B, in which the second gate electrode made of Ni and the second electrode are combined. ing.
- FIG. 6 shows V-I characteristics of the semiconductor device of the present embodiment, the second control layer is not
- V refers to the first electrode 16A.
- the vertical axis I is the voltage flowing from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A.
- the drain voltage Vds is V.
- the drain current Ids is shown as I. Also, in Figure 6, the gate voltage is 0V, IV, 2V , 3V and 4V respectively.
- the semiconductor device of this embodiment has an excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristic that I does not flow when V is negative regardless of the gate voltage.
- the integrated electrode 16C is Ni, but it may be, for example, Pd or the like as long as it is a material that exhibits excellent atomic properties with the second control layer 19B.
- the third semiconductor is disposed between the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- Layer 17 may be formed.
- the first electrode 16A may be formed by penetrating the second semiconductor layer 15 if it can form an ohmic contact with the channel region and in contact with the first semiconductor layer 14 to further improve the performance. It is possible to realize an ohmic contact.
- FIG. 8 shows the cross-sectional configuration of the semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 1 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the second semiconductor layer 15 has a first portion 15a with a large thickness and a second portion 15b with a thickness smaller than the first portion 15a.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed on the first portion 15a. That is, the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed on the convex portion formed on the second semiconductor layer 15! /.
- the first control layer 19 A and the second control layer 19 B are formed by selectively removing the p-type GaN layer after forming the p-type GaN layer on the second semiconductor layer 15. .
- the p-type GaN layer remains between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B, and the first control is performed.
- the resistance layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are electrically connected to each other via the resistance.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are in ohmic contact with the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B, respectively.
- the semiconductor device of the present embodiment includes a first control layer 19A and a second control layer.
- the p-type GaN layer is over-etched to remove a part of the second semiconductor layer 15.
- the p-type GaN layer can be reliably removed except for the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- the thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 is larger in the portion where the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed than in the other portions.
- the overetching amount of the second semiconductor layer 15 may be determined in consideration of the film thickness at the time of growth of the second semiconductor layer 15, the threshold voltage, the variation of the etching amount, and the like. For example, when the second semiconductor layer 15 is grown to 60 nm and the p-type GaN layer is grown to 300 nm, the bar etching amount may be set to 40 nm. That is, the film thickness of the first portion 15a is 60 nm, and the film thickness of the second portion 15b is 20 nm. As a result, the unnecessary p-type GaN layer can be almost completely removed. On the other hand, the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 largely affects the current characteristics between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 can not be made too thin.
- the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 can be secured to 20 nm in the over-etched second portion 15b, the current characteristic is deteriorated. Can be reduced.
- the thickness of the first portion 15a can be epitaxially grown on the first semiconductor layer 14 made of undoped GaN, and may be thicker as much as possible for the normally-off operation. For example, it may be about lOOnm.
- the lower limit is the first control layer 19A and the second It may be thin as long as the residue of the p-type GaN layer left between the control layer 19B can be completely removed. For example, when the overetching amount is 5 nm, it may be about 25 nm.
- the thickness of the second portion 15b may be thicker, as long as the residue of the p-type GaN layer left between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B can be completely removed. For example, about 95 nm may be used.
- the lower limit may be as thin as the device operates or may be about 5 nm.
- part of the second semiconductor layer 15 is removed and the first semiconductor layer 14 is dug about 40 nm to form the first electrode 16 A and the first electrode 16 A.
- An example is shown in which the second electrode 16 B is formed in contact with the interface between the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first semiconductor layer 14.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B may be formed on the second semiconductor layer 15.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor device according to a first modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the semiconductor device of the present modification includes an etching absorption layer 42 between the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- the etching absorption layer 42 is made of n-type GaN having a thickness of about 50 nm, and the film thickness of the lower part of the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B is thicker than the film thickness of other parts. .
- the second semiconductor layer 15 can be formed even if the p-type GaN layer is overetched by about 30 nm. It can not be etched!
- the second semiconductor layer 15 When a part of the second semiconductor layer 15 is etched by dry etching, the surface of the second semiconductor layer 15 is damaged to form defect states. When a defect level is formed, electrons are trapped at the time of current interruption, which may cause current collapse.
- the etching absorption layer 42 As shown in this modification, it is possible to remove the unnecessary p-type GaN layer without damaging the second semiconductor layer 15 without fail.
- the second semiconductor The film thickness of the body layer 15 greatly affects the current characteristics between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B. In the semiconductor device of the present embodiment, since the second semiconductor layer 15 is not over-etched, the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 does not vary due to the over-etching. Therefore, variations in current characteristics among semiconductor devices can be suppressed, and semiconductor devices can be manufactured with good reproducibility.
- the etching absorption layer 42 may be undoped GaN.
- the second semiconductor layer 15 may be n-type AlGaN instead of undoped AlGaN! /.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a semiconductor device according to a second modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 31 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B have a convex portion.
- FIG. 12 shows the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present modification in the order of steps. First, figure
- a buffer layer 12, a semiconductor layer stack 13, and a p-type GaN layer 19 are sequentially formed by MOCVD on a substrate 11 made of Si.
- the buffer layer 12 is formed of AlN having a thickness of 10 nm and GaN having a thickness of 10 nm, the thickness may be 1 ⁇ m.
- the semiconductor layer stack 13 may be a first semiconductor layer 14 made of undoped GaN having a thickness of 2 m and a second semiconductor layer 15 made of n-type or undoped AlGaN having a thickness of 60 nm. Good.
- the film thickness of the p-type GaN layer may be 300 nm.
- the p-type GaN layer 19 is selectively removed by ICP Onductively Coupled Plasma) etching using C1 gas and photolithography to form a first control layer. 19A and a second control layer 19B are formed. At this stage, even if the p-type GaN layer 19 remains between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B, there is a problem. Absent.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are formed at predetermined positions, respectively. Measure electrical characteristics. As a result of the measurement, when the leak current between the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B is large, the p-type GaN layer is formed between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B. 19 remain!
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed by photolithography and dry etching.
- the remaining p-type GaN layer 19 is removed.
- FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor device according to a third modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 8 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the second semiconductor layer 15 includes a first portion 15a, a second portion 15b thinner than the first portion 15a, and a second portion 15b. And a third portion 15c having a thickness equal to or less than two portions 15b.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed on the first portion 15a and the third portion 15c.
- the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 becomes thin.
- the defect level may affect the channel region or the two-dimensional electron gas concentration in the channel region may be lowered. Therefore, the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 before over-etching is as thick as possible! /, Preferred! /. If the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 below the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B is increased, the threshold voltage may be lowered and the normally-off operation may not be performed. There is.
- the second semiconductor layer 15 is thinner than the first portion 15a which is thicker than the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B. And the second portion 15b. For this reason, the threshold voltage is determined by the film thickness of the second portion 15b. Therefore, even if the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 before the over-etching is increased, the threshold voltage does not decrease.
- the film thickness of the first portion 15a is large. However, if the film thickness is too large, the formation of the second semiconductor layer 15 becomes difficult. Therefore, for example, it may be about 100 nm.
- the film thickness of the third portion 15c may be determined according to the required threshold voltage, and may be, for example, about 20 nm.
- the film thickness of the second portion 15b may be a film thickness that can reliably remove the p-type GaN layer. For example, when the film thickness of the first portion 15a is 100 nm, if the film thickness of the second portion 15b is approximately 40 ⁇ m, the overetching amount can be secured at approximately 60 nm. This can reliably prevent the p-type GaN layer from remaining.
- the film thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 can be sufficiently ensured, so that the influence of defect levels on the channel region can be suppressed to a small level, and the two-dimensional electron gas concentration can also be increased.
- the second portion 15b and the third portion 15c may have the same film thickness.
- FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor device according to a fourth modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 8 will be assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted.
- gallium oxide (GaO) is formed on the semiconductor layer stack 13 except in the region where the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed.
- a high resistance layer 43 also serving as a force is formed.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B can be reliably isolated, and the increase in leakage current can be prevented.
- the high resistance layer 43 preferably has a resistance as high as possible, but the leakage current can be reduced if the resistance is higher than that of the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- the N layer may be formed by annealing in an oxygen atmosphere. In this way, control of the film thickness is easy.
- the high resistance layer 43 may be formed by implanting boron ions or the like instead of GaO.
- FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor device according to a fifth modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 31 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed by the diffusion region of the p-type impurity.
- FIG. 16 shows the method of forming the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B in the semiconductor device of this modification in the order of steps.
- the buffer layer 12, the semiconductor layer stack 13, and the fourth semiconductor layer 44 are sequentially formed by the MOCVD method on the substrate 11 made of Si.
- the buffer layer 12 is formed of A1N having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m and GaN having a thickness of lOnm, the thickness may be 1 m.
- the semiconductor layer stack 13 may be a first semiconductor layer 14 made of undoped GaN having a thickness of 2 m and a second semiconductor layer 15 made of n-type or undoped AlGaN having a thickness of 60 nm.
- the fourth semiconductor layer 44 may be undoped GaN with a film thickness of 300 nm.
- Mg having a thickness of 100 nm and an thickness of 10 nm are mutually separated on the fourth semiconductor layer 44 by the lift-off method and the vapor deposition method.
- An impurity layer 45 made of Ni and Pt having a thickness of 1 nm is formed.
- Mg is diffused into the fourth semiconductor layer 44 by performing annealing at 900 ° C. in an ammonia (NH 2) atmosphere. Thereby, a first control layer 19A and a second control layer 19B made of Mg-doped p-type GaN are formed. Thereafter, the impurity layer 45 is removed using aqua regia or the like.
- the formation of the electrodes may be performed by a known method.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B can be formed by selectively diffusing Mg into the fourth semiconductor layer 44 made of undoped GaN.
- a leak path is formed between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- etching is unnecessary, and damage to the second semiconductor layer 15 does not occur.
- the fourth semiconductor layer 44 may be made of AlGaN instead of GaN.
- FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor device according to a sixth modification of the fourth embodiment.
- the semiconductor device of the present modification includes an oxide film layer 46 made of SiO covering the second semiconductor layer 15.
- the oxide film layer 46 has openings formed at intervals from each other, and the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed in the openings.
- FIG. 18 shows the method of forming the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B in the semiconductor device of this modification in the order of steps.
- the buffer layer 12 and the semiconductor layer stack 13 are sequentially formed on the substrate 11 made of Si by the MOCVD method. If the buffer layer 12 is formed of AlN having a thickness of 10 nm and GaN having a thickness of 10 mm, the thickness may be 1 m.
- the semiconductor layer stack 13 may be a first semiconductor layer 14 made of undoped GaN with a thickness of 2 ⁇ and a second semiconductor layer 15 made of n-type or undoped AlGaN with a thickness of 60 nm! /.
- an oxide film layer 46 having SiO force is formed on the second semiconductor layer 15, and then selectively removed to form an opening 46a. Do.
- the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B are formed by regrowth. For this reason, there is no possibility that a leak path will occur between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- the second semiconductor layer 15 is not etched, the second semiconductor layer 15 is not damaged.
- FIG. 19 shows the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment is a bidirectional switch device, in which a dual gate semiconductor element 10 which is a bidirectional switch body and a dual gate semiconductor element 10 are bidirectional switches.
- the control unit 20 is configured to operate.
- the dual gate semiconductor device shown in the first embodiment may be used. Also, the dual gate semiconductor device shown in the fourth embodiment and its modification can be used.
- a 1 m-thick knocker layer 12 is formed, and a semiconductor layer stack 13 is formed thereon.
- a first semiconductor layer 14 and a second semiconductor layer 15 having a band gap larger than that of the first semiconductor layer 14 are sequentially stacked from the substrate side.
- the first semiconductor layer 14 is an AND-type gallium nitride (GaN) layer having a thickness of 2 m
- the second semiconductor layer 15 is an n-type nitride having a thickness of 20 nm.
- the sheet carrier concentration of l X 10 13 cm- 2 or more and mobility channel region is 1000 cm 2 V / sec or more two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) layer is generated.
- a first electrode 16A and a second electrode 16B are formed spaced apart from each other.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are a stack of titanium (Ti) and aluminum (A1), and are in ohmic contact with the channel region.
- Ti titanium
- A1 aluminum
- FIG. 19 in order to reduce the contact resistance, part of the second semiconductor layer 15 is removed and the first semiconductor layer 14 is dug about 40 nm to form the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B. Show an example formed in contact with the interface between the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first semiconductor layer 14 There is.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B may be formed on the second semiconductor layer 15.
- a first control layer 19A and a second control layer which are p-type semiconductor layers, are formed.
- Control layers 19B are selectively formed spaced apart from one another.
- a first gate electrode 18A is formed on the first control layer 19A, and a second gate electrode 18B is formed on the second control layer 19B.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are respectively laminated with palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) and are in ohmic contact with the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B. There is.
- a passivation film 41 made of silicon nitride (SiN) is formed to cover the second semiconductor layer 15 and the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B.
- SiN silicon nitride
- Each of the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B has a thickness of 300 mm and is made of p-type GaN doped with magnesium (Mg).
- a pn junction is formed by the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B, and the second semiconductor layer 15, respectively.
- the potential of the first electrode 16A is VI
- the potential of the first gate electrode 18A is V2
- the potential of the second gate electrode 18B is V3
- the potential of the second electrode 16B is V4.
- V2 is higher than VI by IV or more
- the depletion layer extending from the first control layer 19A into the channel region is reduced, so that current can flow in the channel region.
- V3 is higher than V4 by IV or more
- the depletion layer extending from the second control layer 19B into the channel region is reduced, and current can flow in the channel region.
- the first gate electrode 18A Both the so-called threshold voltage and the so-called threshold voltage of the second gate electrode 18B are 1.5V.
- the depletion layer extending into the channel region below the first gate electrode 18A is reduced, and the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode which enables current to flow in the channel region is set to the first threshold voltage.
- the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode is set to the second threshold voltage. I assume.
- the distance between the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B is designed to withstand the maximum voltage applied to the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- Control unit 20 has a first power source 21 connected between first electrode 16A and first gate electrode 18A, and a portion between second electrode 16B and second gate electrode 18B. And a second power supply 22 connected to The first power supply 21 and the second power supply 22 in the present embodiment are variable power supplies capable of changing the output voltage.
- a load circuit is connected between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the following description will be made on the assumption that the load circuit is a variable power supply 35 connected between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the potential of the first electrode is OV
- the output voltage of the first power source 21 is Vgl
- the output voltage of the second power source 22 is Vg2
- the second electrode 16B and the first electrode 16A The voltage between V, the second electrode 1
- the current flowing between 6B and the first electrode 16A is I.
- V is the normal FET drain
- I corresponds to the drain current Ids.
- V4 is higher than VI, for example, in the case where V4 is +100 V and VI is OV,
- the output voltages Vgl and Vg2 of the first power supply 21 and the second power supply 22 are respectively set to voltages equal to or lower than the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage, for example, OV.
- the first control layer 19A also spreads in the depletion layer channel region which also spreads in the direction of the second p-type GaN layer, it is possible to interrupt the current flowing in the channel. Therefore, even when V4 is a positive high voltage, it is possible to realize a blocking state in which the current flowing from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A is blocked.
- V4 when V4 is lower than VI, for example, when V4 is ⁇ 100 V and VI is 0 V.
- the depletion layer can extend from the second control layer 19B in the direction of the first control layer 19A in the channel region to interrupt the current flowing in the channel. Therefore, even when a negative high voltage is applied to the second electrode 16B, the current flowing from the first electrode to the second electrode can be interrupted. That is, it is possible to shut off bidirectional current.
- the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode share a channel region for securing a breakdown voltage.
- a channel area for two AlGaN / GaN-HFET elements and a channel area for two diodes are required Met.
- the bidirectional switch body can be realized with the area of the channel region for one device. Therefore, if a dual gate semiconductor device is used as a bidirectional switch main body, the chip area can be further reduced as compared with the case of using two normally-off AlGaN / GaN-HFETs and two diodes. Can. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost and size of the bi-directional switch device.
- the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage for example, 5 V
- the first The voltages applied to the gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are both higher than the threshold voltage. Therefore, since the depletion layer does not spread from the first control layer 19A and the second control layer 19B to the channel region, the channel region is also below the second gate electrode 18B even under the first gate electrode 18A. Even in the case of As a result, it is possible to realize a conduction state in which current flows bidirectionally between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the dual gate semiconductor device 10 of this embodiment is represented by an equivalent circuit, it can be regarded as a circuit in which the first transistor 36 and the second transistor 37 are connected in series as shown in FIG. .
- the source (S) of the first transistor 36 corresponds to the first electrode 16A
- the gate (G) of the first transistor 36 corresponds to the first gate electrode 18A
- the second transistor 37 The source (S) corresponds to the second electrode 16B
- the gate (G) of the second transistor 37 corresponds to the second gate electrode 18B.
- the semiconductor device 10 can be regarded as a circuit as shown in FIG. 20 (b). That is, the semiconductor element 10 is a transistor in which the first electrode 16A is the source (S), the second gate electrode 18B is the gate (G), and the second electrode 16B is the drain (D). S) and the gate (G) become equal to the circuit electrically connected.
- the source (S) of the transistor shown in FIG. 20 (b) is an A terminal
- the drain (D) is a B terminal
- the gate (G) is a C terminal.
- the potential at the B terminal is higher than the potential at the A terminal, it can be regarded as a transistor in which the A terminal is a source and the B terminal is a drain.
- the voltage between the C terminal (gate) and the A terminal (source) is OV, and the B terminal (drain) force does not flow to the A terminal (source) because the voltage is below the threshold voltage! /.
- the B terminal can be regarded as a source transistor and an A terminal force S drain transistor.
- the potential of the C terminal (gate) is the same as that of the A terminal (drain)
- a voltage higher than the threshold voltage is applied, and current can flow from the A terminal (drain) to the B terminal (source).
- the drain functions as a force sort and the source functions as an anode diode, and the forward rising voltage thereof becomes the threshold voltage of the transistor.
- the portion of the second transistor 37 shown in FIG. 20 (a) can be regarded as a diode and has an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. 20 (c).
- the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 20 (c) when the potential of the drain of the bi-directional switch is higher than the potential of the source, 5 V is applied to the gate of the first transistor 36, so the first transistor 36 is Is in the on state, which allows current to flow from the drain to the source.
- the on voltage is generated by the forward rising voltage of the diode.
- the potential of the source of the bi-directional switch is higher than the potential of the drain! /, The voltage is carried by the diode formed of the second transistor 37!
- the first gear By applying a voltage higher than the threshold voltage to the gate and a voltage lower than the threshold voltage at the second gate, a transistor capable of a so-called reverse blocking operation can be realized.
- S2S1 is a relationship with the current I flowing from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A, where (a) is Vgl and
- Vg2 is simultaneously changed
- (b) shows the case where Vg2 is set to OV below the second threshold voltage, and Vgl is changed
- V which is a horizontal axis is the first electrode 1
- the voltage is based on 6A, and the vertical axis I is from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A.
- the flowing current is positive.
- V is positive.
- the current flows only to the electrode 16A, and the current does not flow from the first electrode 16A to the second electrode 16B in the reverse blocking state.
- Vg1 0 V and Vg2 is changed, current flows only from the first electrode 16A to the second electrode 16B as shown in FIG. 21 (c), and from the second electrode 16B. In the reverse blocking state, no current flows in the first electrode 16A.
- the semiconductor device 10 functions as a bidirectional switch body that interrupts and conducts bidirectional current according to the gate bias condition, and allows current to flow only in one direction and interrupts bidirectional current. It can also function as a bidirectional switch body that performs reverse blocking operation. The direction in which the current of the reverse blocking characteristic is energized can also be switched.
- the threshold voltage of the first gate and the second gate is 1.5 V.
- the threshold voltage of the first gate and the second gate can be adjusted by changing the thickness and Al composition of the AlGaN layer and the acceptor concentration of the p-type GaN layer. It is possible to do S.
- the threshold voltage of the first gate and the second gate is desirably about 0V to 3V.
- FIG. 22 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor element used in the semiconductor device according to the sixth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor device 10 of the present embodiment is a buffer layer with a thickness of 1 ⁇ m formed by alternately laminating A1N with a thickness of 10 nm and GaN with a thickness of 1 nm on a substrate 11 made of Si. 12 is formed, and the semiconductor layer stack 13 is formed thereon.
- a first semiconductor layer 14 of 2 am thickness and an n-type second semiconductor layer 15 of 50 nm thickness are sequentially stacked from the bottom side! / .
- a first electrode 16 A and a second electrode 16 B are formed at an interval from each other.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are a stack of titanium (Ti) and aluminum (A1), and are in ohmic contact with the channel region.
- Ti titanium
- A1 aluminum
- an example in which the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are formed on the second semiconductor layer 15 is shown.
- part of the second semiconductor layer 15 is removed and the first semiconductor layer 14 is dug about 40 nm to form the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B as the second. It may be formed in contact with the interface between the semiconductor layer 15 and the first semiconductor layer 14.
- first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are formed respectively.
- the first gate electrode 18 A and the second gate electrode 18 B are each laminated with palladium (Pd) and gold (Au), and form a Schottky junction with the second semiconductor layer 15.
- the first gate electrode 18 A and the second gate electrode 18 B are respectively formed in the recess formed in the second semiconductor layer 15. Therefore, the thickness of the second semiconductor layer 15 is thinner below the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B than the other portions. Thereby, the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode The threshold voltage of 18 B can be shifted in the positive direction. Therefore, it becomes possible to realize a normally-off dual gate semiconductor device 10.
- the current-collabs force resulting from the trap formed on the surface of the AlGaN layer is a problem in the field effect transistor in which AlGaN and GaN are stacked.
- the semiconductor device 10 of the present embodiment since the surface of the AlGaN layer is separated from the channel region, the effect that current collapse can be reduced is also obtained.
- the first gate electrode 18 A and the second gate electrode 18 B are formed so as to be in contact with the AlGaN layer, and the insulating layer is interposed on the AlGaN layer. It may be formed into
- the insulating film in this case is preferably silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxide (SiO 2), hafnium oxide (HfO 2) alumina (Al 2 O 3), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5) or the like.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are formed to cover the second semiconductor layer 15 in the periphery of the recess.
- the second gate electrode 18 B may not cover the second semiconductor layer 15.
- the threshold voltage of the semiconductor device of the present embodiment can be adjusted by changing the film thickness and A1 composition of the AlGaN layer and the material of the gate electrode.
- the threshold voltage is preferably 0 V to IV.
- FIG. 23 shows a cross-sectional configuration of a semiconductor element used in the semiconductor device according to the seventh embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- a buffer layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m is formed by alternately laminating A1N having a thickness of 10 nm and GaN having a thickness of 10 nm on a substrate 11 made of Si. Twelve formed
- the semiconductor layer stack 13 is formed thereon.
- the first semiconductor layer 14 with a thickness of 2 am and the second semiconductor layer 15 with a thickness of 50 nm are sequentially stacked from the bottom! // Ru.
- a first electrode 16 A and a second electrode 16 B are formed at an interval from each other.
- the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are a stack of titanium (Ti) and aluminum (A1), and are in ohmic contact with the channel region.
- Ti titanium
- A1 aluminum
- an example in which the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B are formed on the second semiconductor layer 15 is shown.
- part of the second semiconductor layer 15 is removed and the first semiconductor layer 14 is dug about 40 nm to form the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B as the second. It may be formed in contact with the interface between the semiconductor layer 15 and the first semiconductor layer 14.
- the first gate electrode 18A is spaced from each other from the first electrode 16A side.
- the second gate electrode 18B is formed.
- the first gate electrode 18A is formed on the first control layer 19A selectively formed on the second semiconductor layer 15, and the second gate electrode 18B is in contact with the second semiconductor layer 15. It is formed.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are each laminated with palladium (Pd) and gold (Au), and the first gate electrode 18A has an ohmic junction with the first control layer 19A.
- the first control layer 19A is made of p-type Ga 3 N doped with magnesium (Mg) and having a thickness of 00 nm.
- the first control layer 19 A and the second semiconductor layer 15 form a pn junction.
- the voltage between the first electrode 16A and the first gate electrode 18A is, for example, 0 V
- the depletion layer spreads from the first control layer 19A into the channel region, and the current flowing in the channel is It is cut off. Therefore, the first threshold voltage is about 1.5 V (refer to Yasuhiro Uemoto et al., " ⁇ ⁇ Technical Report", The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2007, Vol. 106, No. 459, p. Aki)
- the second gate electrode 18 B and the second semiconductor layer 15 form a Schottky junction. Therefore, the voltage between the second electrode 16B and the second gate electrode 18B is, for example, 0 V. Since the depletion layer spreads in the channel region, the current flowing to the channel can be cut off. Therefore, the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode 18B is 0 V (see Ken Nakata et al., "The Technical Report of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2005, Vol. 105, No. 325, p. 51-56. ). However, the composition ratio of A1 to Ga in the second semiconductor layer 15 is adjusted so that the second threshold voltage becomes 0V.
- the semiconductor device having the first threshold voltage of 1.5 V and the second threshold voltage of 0 V As described above, the on voltage generated when the forward current flows in the reverse blocking operation can be obtained. It becomes possible to make it 0V. For this reason, it is difficult to form a lower resistance dual gate semiconductor device with the force S.
- the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode 18B can be set to OV without reducing the A1 composition of the second semiconductor layer 15, so that a high sheet carrier concentration can be maintained.
- the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode 18B can be set to OV (see Non-Patent Document 2). It is preferable that the threshold voltage of the second gate does not necessarily have to be in the range of OV to IV.
- the second gate electrode 18 B is formed to cover the second semiconductor layer 15 in the periphery of the recess, and the second gate electrode 18 B is formed on the second semiconductor layer 15. You do not have to cover it.
- the second switch main body needs only the reverse blocking operation.
- the gate electrode and the second electrode may be electrically connected using a wire made of Au or the like. With such a configuration, it is possible to form a three-terminal bidirectional switch body capable of only reverse blocking operation. By thus forming the three-terminal element, it can be handled in the same manner as a conventional transistor, and a drive circuit and a power supply for biasing the second gate electrode become unnecessary.
- the bidirectional switch body can be determined by the diode.
- An equivalent high speed switching characteristic is required.
- the switching characteristic is a characteristic that causes the current to be quickly switched to the on state or the off state when the polarity of the applied voltage is switched.
- a general pn junction diode when the polarity of the voltage applied to the diode is switched during conduction from the anode to the force sort, the diode instantaneously conducts current from the force sort to the anode, and after a certain time, the force sort to the anode It has the characteristic of interrupting the current flow to the This property is generally called recovery property, the fixed time until the current from the force sword to the anode is cut off is called recovery time, and the current flowing instantaneously from the force sword to the anode is called recovery current. There is.
- the recovery current of the pn junction diode is a current in the reverse direction against the rectification action of the diode in the process of being discharged at the time of reverse bias of the minority carrier force injected at the time of electricity due to the minority carrier accumulation effect. It occurs by being discharged.
- a Schottky barrier diode which comprises a diode with a Schottky barrier has a small recovery current since carriers are only electrons.
- a two-dimensional electron gas is transmitted from the second electrode to the first electrode in which the current does not flow through the second gate electrode. Through the channel region.
- it operates as a diode that can not pass through a p-type semiconductor, and there is no parasitic structure such as a parasitic diode, so there is no effect of accumulating small carriers.
- recovery current is smaller and recovery time is shorter than pn junction diode.
- FIG. 25 shows the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the eighth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- control unit 20 controls the first switch circuit.
- the first power supply 21 is connected to the first gate electrode 18A through 23A
- the second power supply 22 is connected to the second gate electrode 18B through the second switch circuit 23B.
- the first switch circuit 23A and the second switch circuit 23B have photocouplers composed of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodiodes, and switch on and off states according to an external control signal. And electrically separating the control signal from the switch output.
- FIG. 25 shows an example using an integrated circuit in which a gate drive circuit is built in the first switch circuit 23A and the second switch circuit 23B.
- a widely commercially available one may be used, for example, a photocoupler TLP 251 manufactured by Toshiba Corporation may be used.
- any switch can be used as long as it can electrically separate the control signal and the switch output.
- the voltages of the first power supply 21 and the second power supply 22 are set higher than the threshold voltages of the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B.
- the second power source 22 uses a power source isolated from a load power source 31 such as an isolated battery or an isolated voltage converter (DC-DC converter).
- a load power source 31 such as an isolated battery or an isolated voltage converter (DC-DC converter).
- DC-DC converter isolated voltage converter
- the second gate electrode is driven by the drive signal having a reference potential different from the circuit-common reference potential (ground potential).
- the operation of the semiconductor device according to the eighth embodiment will be described below.
- the first switch circuit 23A and the second switch circuit 23B are turned on by an external control signal, the first power supply 21 and the first gate electrode 18A and the second power supply 22 and the second gate are turned on.
- the electrodes 18 B are connected to each other.
- a voltage higher than the threshold voltage is applied to both the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B. Therefore, a bidirectional voltage is applied between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B. Current flows to
- the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B are respectively selected from the first switch 18A and the second gate electrode 18B.
- Power supply 21 and the second power supply 22 are separated, a potential equal to the first electrode 16A is applied to the first gate electrode 18A, and a potential equal to the second electrode 16B is applied to the second gate electrode 18B. Is applied.
- the potential of the second electrode 16B is +100 V and the potential of the first electrode 16A is OV
- the potential of the first gate electrode 18A is OV below the first threshold voltage, so that the channel region is It is pinched off below the first gate electrode 18A and no current flows from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A.
- the potential of the second electrode 16B is Even when the potential of the first electrode 16A is OV, the voltage between the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B is OV equal to or lower than the second threshold voltage. Therefore, no current flows from the first electrode 16A to the second electrode 16B.
- FIG. 26 shows the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the ninth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 25 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 20 includes a third power supply 25 connected to the opposite side of the first power supply 21 and the first switch circuit 23 A, and a second power supply 22. And a fourth power supply 26 connected on the opposite side across the second switch circuit 23B.
- the voltage of the first power supply 21 and the second power supply 22 is, for example, 5V
- the voltage of the third power supply 25 and the fourth power supply 26 is set, for example, to 3V.
- the second power supply 22 and the fourth power supply 26 use the power supply 31 and the insulated power.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the first gate electrode 18A are selected. Power supply 21 is connected, and the second gate electrode 18B and the second power supply 22 are connected.
- the first switch circuit 23A and the second switch circuit 23B are turned off, the first gate electrode 18A and the third power supply 25 are connected, and the second gate electrode 18B and the fourth power supply 26 are connected. And force S connected. Therefore, -3 V is applied to the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B. Therefore, the space between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B can be cut off more completely, and the leakage current can be reduced, so that the power consumption of the semiconductor device can be reduced.
- the first electrode is grounded.
- the first electrode may not be grounded.
- the power control power supply connected to the first electrode is isolated from the ground of the load circuit.
- a battery or an insulated DC-DC converter or an isolated power supply using a charge pump circuit may be used.
- FIG. 27 shows the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the tenth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 20 includes a drive element 53 and a first power supply 51 and a second power supply each including a gate drive circuit called a high voltage integrated circuit (HVIC). And a power supply 52.
- the first power supply 51 and the second power supply 52 output a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B, for example, 5V.
- the drive element 53 used in the control unit 20 has a low side gate drive circuit 53A used on the low voltage side and a high side gate drive circuit 53B used on the high voltage side.
- the HVIC transmits the control signal to the high-side gate drive circuit 53B by the level shift circuit 53C, it is possible to miniaturize and reduce the cost of the apparatus which eliminates the need to use a photo power bra and an isolation transformer. it can.
- the low side gate driving circuit 53A is driven by a signal input to the input terminal LIN on the low side.
- a low level (for example, 0 V) signal is input to the input terminal LIN
- the low side output terminal LO and the low side ground terminal LGND are connected, and the output terminal LO and the low side bias power supply terminal VCC Are isolated.
- a high level (for example, 5 V) signal is input to the input terminal LIN
- the output terminal LO and the ground terminal LGND are isolated, and the output terminal LO and the bias power supply terminal VCC are connected.
- the signal input to the high side input terminal HIN is transmitted to the high side gate drive circuit 53B via the level shift circuit 53C, and drives the high side gate drive circuit 53B.
- the high side output terminal HO is connected to the high side offset terminal VS, and the output terminal HO is isolated from the high side bias power supply terminal VB. Ru.
- the output terminal HO and the offset terminal VS are isolated, and the output terminal HO and the offset terminal VS are isolated.
- the ground power supply terminal VB is connected.
- control signal on the high side output from the output terminal HO is a drive signal whose reference potential is different from the ground potential.
- the first control signal is supplied from the first signal source 54 to the input terminal LIN on the low side, and the output terminal LO is the first gate electrode 18 of the semiconductor element 10.
- the first power supply 51 is connected between the ground terminal GND of the drive element 53 and the power supply terminal VDD and between the ground terminal LGND on the low side and the bias power supply terminal VCC on the low side, and the ground terminal GND
- the ground terminal LGND is connected to the first electrode 16A.
- the low level and the high level of the first control signal and the second control signal are, for example, 0V and 5V.
- the first gate electrode 18A and the first electrode 16A are short-circuited, and when the first control signal is at the high level, the first gate is generated.
- a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode 18A is applied between the electrode 18A and the first electrode 16A by the first power supply 51.
- the second control signal is supplied from the second signal source 55 to the input terminal HIN on the high side, and the output terminal HO is connected to the second gate electrode 18B.
- a second power supply 52 is connected between the high side offset terminal VS and the high side bias power supply terminal VB, and the offset terminal VS is connected to the second electrode 16B.
- the second power source 52 is an insulated power source electrically isolated from the potential of the first electrode 16A.
- the second control signal when the second control signal is at the low level, the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B are short-circuited, and when the second control signal is at the high level, the second control signal is at the second level.
- a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode 18B is applied between the gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B by the second power supply 52.
- the first control signal and the second control signal can be in the reverse blocking state where no current flows.
- a current flows from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A, and the first electrode 16A to the second electrode 16A. The current does not flow to the electrode 16B in the reverse blocking state.
- the semiconductor device uses the drive element 53 formed of an HVIC in the control unit 20. Therefore, no photo force bra or isolation transformer or the like is required to transmit a control signal to the drive circuit on the high side. It becomes. Therefore, the control unit 20 can be reduced in size and cost.
- the drive element 53 an HVIC in which a drive circuit on the high side is separated by a dielectric is used.
- the level shift circuit is a circuit having a transformer that can be integrated into an IC, and transmitting a signal through the transformer to electrically isolate an input signal from an output signal.
- ADum 5240 or the like manufactured by Analog Devices, Inc. is known.
- FIG. 28 shows the configuration of the semiconductor device according to the eleventh embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 27 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- the control unit 20 has a capacitor 61 instead of the second power supply, and a charging circuit 63 for charging the capacitor 61, and a low side It has a first step-down circuit 64 and a second step-down circuit 65 for reducing the output of the output terminal LO and the output of the output terminal HO on the high side respectively below a predetermined voltage.
- the charge circuit 63 includes a charge switch circuit and a logic circuit 67 for driving the charge switch circuit.
- the charge switch circuit includes a semiconductor switch 68 consisting of a diode 69 and a p-channel MOSFET connected in series between a drive power supply 66 and a capacitor 61.
- the threshold voltage of the p-channel MOSFET which is the semiconductor switch 68 is, eg, -3V.
- the logic circuit 67 has an exclusive logical product (NAND) gate circuit 67A and a delay circuit 67B.
- the first step-down circuit 64 has a resistor 64A and a Zener diode 64B, and limits the output of the output terminal LO to the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 64B or less.
- the second step-down circuit 65 has a resistor 65A and a Zener diode 65B, and limits the output of the output terminal HO to less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 65B. If the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 64B and the Zener diode 65B is set so as to be equal to or less than the voltage at which the transistor is not broken by the overcurrent flowing into the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode of the semiconductor element 10. For example, 5 V may be used.
- the driving power supply 66 outputs a voltage of, for example, 10 V which is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode 18A.
- the high level of the first control signal and the second control signal is, for example, 10 V equal to the output of the drive power supply 66, and the low level is 0 V.
- the operation of the semiconductor device of the present embodiment will be described below.
- the voltage between the output terminal LO and the first electrode 16A becomes 10 V which is equal to the output of the drive power supply 66.
- the voltage between the first gate electrode 18A and the first electrode 16A is 5 V.
- the semiconductor element 10 is turned on and current flows, so the potential of the second electrode 16B decreases to the on voltage.
- the on-state voltage is determined by the on-resistance of the semiconductor element 10 and the current flow, but here, for example, 3 V is described.
- the output of the logic circuit 67 becomes low level. Therefore, 0 V is applied to the gate of the semiconductor switch 68. Since the potential of the source of the semiconductor switch 68 is 10 V, the voltage of the gate with respect to the source becomes ⁇ 10 V lower than the threshold voltage, and the semiconductor switch 68 is turned on. Since the voltage of the second electrode 16 B is lowered to 3 V which is the on voltage, a voltage of 7 V is applied across the capacitor 61 through the semiconductor switch 68 and the diode 69 to be charged.
- the voltage between the output terminal HO and the second electrode 16B is 7 V, which is the voltage between the bias power supply terminal VB and the offset terminal VS.
- the output voltage of the output terminal HO is reduced to 5 V by the second step-down circuit 65, so the voltage between the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B is 5 V.
- the semiconductor element 10 is in a conductive state in which current flows in both directions.
- the capacitor 61 is kept charged to 7V.
- the potential of 16 B may be reduced to the on voltage. If it takes a long time for the capacitor 61 to be charged, or if the gate drive circuit requires more power, use a capacitor with a larger capacity.
- the delay circuit 67 B provided between the output of the NAND circuit 67 A and the gate of the semiconductor switch 68 is for setting the semiconductor switch 68 to the on state after the semiconductor element 10 is turned on. It is provided. Therefore, the delay time of the delay circuit 67B may be set to be later than the time until the semiconductor element 10 is turned on.
- the semiconductor device of the present embodiment does not require an insulation type power supply for applying a bias voltage to the second gate electrode 18B. Therefore, it becomes possible to further reduce the size and cost of the control unit 20.
- a built-in logic circuit prohibits the signals input to the terminal HIN and the terminal LIN from simultaneously becoming high level.
- the HVIC used in the tenth and eleventh embodiments is an HVIC that can operate even when the terminal HIN and the terminal LIN simultaneously go high.
- the signal input to the terminal HIN is input to the high side gate drive circuit 53B via the level shift circuit 53C. Therefore, the delay time from the input of the control signal to the output of the gate voltage in the high side gate drive circuit 53B may be longer than the delay time in the low side gate drive circuit 53A. In this case, a delay circuit may be provided at the input terminal LIN of the low side gate drive circuit 53A so that the output of the low side gate drive circuit 53A and the output of the high side gate drive circuit 53B are synchronized.
- a gate drive circuit having a force photocoupler may be used in which the gate drive circuit is an HVIC.
- a p-channel MOSFET or PNP transistor may be used instead of the semiconductor switch 68 as a p-channel MOSFET.
- FIG. 29 shows the circuit configuration of the semiconductor device according to the twelfth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- control unit 20 has a transformer 70, and
- Signal source 54 is connected between the first electrode 16A and the first gate electrode 18A, and the second signal source 55 is connected through the secondary side of the transformer 70 to the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16A. It is connected between the gate electrode 18B and the The primary side of the transformer 70 is connected between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B.
- the transformer 70 has an input voltage and an output voltage of 1: 1, and at the frequency of the load circuit 30 used, the voltage input to the primary side and the voltage output to the secondary side have the same phase. It was.
- the low level and the negative level of the first control signal output from the first signal source 54 and the second control signal output from the second signal source 55 are, for example, 0 V and 5 V.
- the load circuit 30 generates an alternating current of ⁇ 100 V to +100 V.
- an alternating signal of ⁇ 100 V to +100 V is also input to the primary side of the transformer 70.
- an alternating current signal of ⁇ 100 V to +100 V is output also in the same phase on the secondary side of the transformer 70.
- the second control signal is 0 V
- the voltage on the secondary side of transformer 70 becomes equal to the voltage on the primary side. Therefore, when the potential of the second electrode 16B is -100 V, the potential of the second gate electrode 18B is also 100 V, and when the potential of the second electrode 16B is +100 V, the second gate electrode is The potential of 18B also becomes + 100V. That is, a voltage equal to or lower than the second threshold voltage is always applied between the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B.
- the first control signal is 0 V
- the voltage between the first gate electrode 18A and the first electrode 16A is also 0 V, and a cutoff state in which no current flows in both directions can be realized.
- the first control signal is 5 V
- the second control signal is 5 V
- the voltage on the secondary side of transformer 70 is 5 V higher than the voltage on the primary side.
- the voltage between the second gate electrode 18B and the second electrode 16B is 5 V, which is higher than the second threshold voltage.
- the first control signal is 5 V
- a conduction state in which current flows bidirectionally between the first electrode 16A and the second electrode 16B can be realized.
- the first control signal is 0 V
- a current flows from the first electrode 16A to the second electrode 16B, and a reverse blocking state in which no current flows from the second electrode 16B to the first electrode 16A can be realized.
- the semiconductor device of the present embodiment does not require a power supply for driving the gate, so that the control circuit can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- the transformer 70 one is used in which the voltage input to the primary side and the voltage output to the secondary side have the same phase at the frequency of the load circuit 30 to be used. did.
- the phase compensation circuit may have any value, for example, a capacitance value between the secondary side of the transformer 70 and the second gate electrode 18B such that the secondary side has the same phase as the primary side. If you connect capacitors, you're welcome.
- the power of the first signal source 54 and the power of the second signal source 55 are As a configuration in which a bias voltage is applied to the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B through the gate drive circuit, a force S applying a current to the first gate electrode 18A and the second gate electrode 18B. It is also good.
- FIG. 30 shows the circuit configuration of the semiconductor device according to the thirteenth embodiment.
- the same components as in FIG. 19 will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.
- control unit 20 includes transformer 70, n-channel MOSFET 71, diode 72, zener diode 73, and first power supply 74.
- the first signal source 54 is connected between the first electrode 16A and the first gate electrode 18A, and the second signal source 55 is between the gate terminal and the source terminal of the n-channel MOSFET 71. It is connected.
- the source terminal of the n-channel MOSFET 71 is connected to the first electrode 16A
- the negative terminal of the first power source 74 is connected to the first electrode 16A
- the positive terminal of the first power source 74 is one terminal of the primary side of the transformer 70 It is connected to the.
- the other terminal of the primary side of the transformer 70 is connected to the drain terminal of the n-channel MOSFET 71.
- a diode 72 and a Zener diode 73 are connected in series between both terminals of the primary side of the transformer 70.
- the transformer 70 has an input voltage and an output voltage of 1: 1.
- the low level and high level of the first control signal output from the first signal source 54 and the second control signal output from the second signal source 55 are, for example, 0 V and 5 V.
- the on state and the off state of the n-channel MOSFET 71 are controlled by the second signal source 55. Therefore, the n-channel MOSFET 71 and the first power supply 74 connected to the primary side of the transformer 70 form a pulse current generating unit for generating a pulse current.
- a pulse current is input to the primary side of the transformer 70, a voltage is generated in the secondary side circuit of the transformer 70.
- a desired voltage is applied between the second electrode 16B and the second gate electrode 18B by receiving the generated voltage at the resistance element 75.
- a voltage is generated so high that the first power source 74 and the n-channel MOSFET 71 are broken due to the inductance of the transformer 70.
- a protection circuit in which a diode 72 and a zener diode 73 are connected in series with different polarities is provided on the primary side of the transformer 70.
- the number of control signal sources may be one. Also in the circuits of the eighth and ninth embodiments, it is possible to realize the reverse blocking state by providing two control signal sources.
- the dual gate semiconductor device 10 uses the force shown in the fifth embodiment and the force shown in the sixth and seventh embodiments. It is also good. Also, instead of the normally used type, a normally on type may be used. In this case, the voltage applied to the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode may be changed to an appropriate value according to the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode and the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode. Further, the threshold voltage of the first gate electrode and the threshold voltage of the second gate electrode may be different.
- FIG. 31 shows a plasma display driving circuit using a nitride semiconductor device according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- the plasma display drive circuit of this embodiment is a sustain circuit that supplies sustain pulses to the electrodes of the plasma display panel, and has the following configuration.
- One end of the output of the first switching element 84 is connected to the power supply line V, and the other end is connected to the output SUS of the sustain circuit.
- One end of the output of the second switching element 85 is connected to the output SUS of the sustain circuit, and the other end is grounded.
- One end of the output of the third switching element 86 is connected to one end of the capacitor 89, and the other end of the capacitor 89 is grounded.
- the other end of the third switching element 86 is connected to one end of the inductor 88.
- the fourth switching element 87 reverses the conduction direction to the third switching element 86.
- a bidirectional switching circuit 90 is formed by the third switching element 86 and the fourth switching element 87 which are connected in parallel in the direction.
- the other end of the inductor 88 is connected to the output SUS of the sustain circuit.
- the gate terminals of the first switching element 84, the second switching element 85, the third switching element 86, and the fourth switching element 87 respectively have a control signal line CTL1 and a control line via the gate drive circuit 83. It is connected to CTL2, control line CTL3 and control line CTL4.
- the bidirectional switching circuit 90 is provided to form a path through which a resonant current caused by the capacitor component of the electrode of the plasma display panel to which the output SUS is connected and the inductor 88 flow.
- the sustain pulse is a pulse of large current that alternates periodically. Therefore, the switching element constituting the bidirectional switching circuit 90 is required to have a large withstand voltage in the forward direction and the reverse direction and a high speed operation.
- the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 As the third switching element 86 and the fourth switching element 87 constituting the bidirectional switching circuit 90, for example, a large current can be obtained. A switch capable of bi-directionally controlling the pulse can be easily realized.
- the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment has sufficient reverse breakdown voltage characteristics, so that an effect of eliminating the need for a diode for improving reverse breakdown voltage characteristics, which was conventionally required, can be obtained.
- the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment has a small on-resistance, so that the switching time can be shortened, the power loss of the switching element can be reduced, and the junction temperature is not substantially restricted. Further, in the semiconductor device of the first embodiment, if an element isolation region is formed by implanting an impurity such as boron into the first nitride semiconductor layer and the second nitride semiconductor layer, the device isolation region can be formed on one substrate. Two semiconductor devices can be easily formed. In this way, if the third switching element 86 and the fourth switching element 87 are integrated into one chip, the problem of current concentration due to the characteristic variation between the switching elements and the impedance difference of the wiring is also eliminated. Power efficiency can be efficiently / J.
- the semiconductor elements described in the other embodiments may be used for the third switching element 86 and the fourth switching element 87.
- the bidirectional switch circuit 90 and the gate drive circuit 83 are shown in the embodiments of the fifth to thirteenth embodiments. You may replace it with
- a second control layer 19B is provided for the first switching element 84 and the second switching element 85, and a semiconductor device using an! /,! / Mirror-off type nitride semiconductor is used.
- the example in which the dual gate semiconductor device is formed of the nitride semiconductor is a semiconductor device in which electrons travel in parallel with the main surface of the substrate.
- the substrate 11 may be GaN, sapphire, SiC, ZnO, GaAs, GaP, InP, LiGaO, LiAlO or mixed crystals thereof instead of Si.
- first electrode and the second electrode are the ohmic electrodes in which the first electrode and the second electrode are in ohmic junction
- the protective film is made of SiN, and is not particularly limited as far as the power insulating property can be ensured, as long as the insulating property can be ensured.
- Aluminum nitride (A1N), silicon oxide (SiO 2), hafnium oxide (HfO 2), alumina (A1 O 2) Tantalum (Ta 2 O 5) or the like may be used.
- the main surfaces of the AlGaN layer and the GaN layer are c-plane ((0001) plane).
- the c plane it may be a nonpolar plane containing the same number of nitrogen and group III elements.
- it may be formed on the A surface (1120).
- the second semiconductor layer 15 may have an n-type as an AND in any of the embodiments and the modifications.
- the first electrode is grounded.
- the first electrode may not be grounded.
- the second power supply is disconnected from the potential of the first electrode.
- An edged battery or an isolated voltage converter (DC-DC converter) may be used.
- the first power source may be a non-insulated DC-DC converter or the like, which is less expensive to buy with a non-insulated power source.
- the power supply for driving the HVIC in the tenth and eleventh embodiments may be shared with the power supply of the peripheral circuit.
- a load circuit using an AC power supply is used.
- a circuit or the like that outputs a pulse waveform that is not AC power.
- a controller having another configuration in which a specific example of the controller is shown may be used.
- the second drive circuit for driving the second gate electrode may output a control signal different from the reference potential common to the circuit such as the ground potential.
- the corner or the structure expressed as the convex portion or the concave portion may be rounded.
- the semiconductor device and its driving method of the present invention have excellent reverse breakdown voltage characteristics, and realize a semiconductor device that can be a bidirectional switch body with only one element and to which a high gate voltage can be applied, and its driving method.
- the present invention is useful as a semiconductor device for performing bidirectional switch operation used for power control and a method of driving the same.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
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- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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US14/301,066 USRE45989E1 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | Semiconductor device and method for driving the same |
CN2007800381213A CN101523614B (zh) | 2006-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | 半导体装置及其驱动方法 |
EP07832206A EP2084750A4 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND ITS TRAINING METHOD |
JP2008528287A JP5552230B2 (ja) | 2006-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | 半導体装置及びその駆動方法 |
US12/445,390 US8203376B2 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | Semiconductor device and method for driving the same |
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EP (1) | EP2084750A4 (ja) |
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WO2020004021A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 双方向スイッチ素子 |
JPWO2020004021A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-08-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 双方向スイッチ素子 |
JP7203361B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2023-01-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 双方向スイッチ素子 |
US11605715B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2023-03-14 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Bidirectional switch element |
WO2022181581A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-09-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | オン電圧測定回路 |
Also Published As
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CN101976684B (zh) | 2014-02-12 |
JPWO2008062800A1 (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
EP2084750A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
JP5552230B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 |
JP5779704B2 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
EP2084750A4 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
USRE45989E1 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
JP5715184B2 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
CN103219375A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
JP2013191868A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
CN101523614B (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
JP2015008331A (ja) | 2015-01-15 |
US8203376B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 |
US20100097105A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
CN101976684A (zh) | 2011-02-16 |
CN101523614A (zh) | 2009-09-02 |
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