KR20200089337A - 세포 면역요법을 위한 방법 및 조성물 - Google Patents
세포 면역요법을 위한 방법 및 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2: 변성된 스페이서 길이를 갖는 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하기 위해 변성된 T 세포의 시험관내 세포독성, 사이토킨 제조 및 증식. (A) 긴 스페이서 도메인, 중간 스페이서 도메인 및 짧은 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 각각으로 변성된 정제된 CD8+ TCM~유도성 세포주의 표현형. 2A2 scFV의 에피토프에 결합한 항-F(ab) 항체로 염색하여 전체 길이 또는 둔단된 스페이서를 갖는 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터의 표면 발현을 표시하였다. (B) 긴 스페이서(●), 중간 스페이서(▲) 및 짧은 스페이서(◆)를 갖는 다양한 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터, 또는 ROR1+(x) 및 대조 표적 세포에 대한 tEGFR 대조 렌티바이러스 벡터를 발현하는 T 세포의 세포용해활성. 막대 다이아그램은 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 'long' = 1에 의한 세포용해활성에 대해 정규화되고 Student's t-test로 분석된 3개의 개별실험(E:T = 30:1)의 세포독성 데이터를 요약한 것이다. (C) CFSE 염료 희석을 사용하여 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터와 tEGFR 대조 T 세포의 증식을 외인성 사이토킨의 추가 없이 Raji/ROR1(왼쪽 패널) 및 프라이머리 CLL 세포(오른쪽 패널)로 자극한 72시간 후에 측정하였다. 분석 동안, 3번 웰을 모으고 살아있는(PI-), CDS+ T 세포의 증식을 분석하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트 다음에 제공하였다. (D) Raji/ROR1 및 프라이머리 CLL 세포를 갖는 다양한 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 5x104 T 세포의 3중 동시배양 24시간 후에 얻어진 상징액의 멀티플렉스(Multiplex) 사이토킨 어세이. 3개 개별 실험의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 데이터를 정규화(2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 'long' = 1에 의한 사이토킨 방출)하고 Student's t-test로 분석하였다(오른쪽 막대 다이아그램).
도 3: R11 키메릭 리셉터는 ROR1+ 종양 세포 인지에 긴 스페이서를 필요로 한다. 오펀(orphan) 티로신 키나제 리셉터 ROR1의 막 근접 Kringle 도메인 내 에피토프에 특이적인 R11 모노클로날 항체 유래의 scFV를 코딩하는 서열을 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인을 함유하는 본 원의 키메릭 리셉터 라이브러리 내의 (짧은)IgG4 힌지 단독, IgG4 힌지/CH3 (중간), 및 IgG4 힌지/CH2/CH3 서열의 상부에 클론하여 렌티바이러스 벡터로 제조하였다. A) 인간 CD8+ T 세포를 형질도입하였고, 짧은 길이, 중간 길이 및 긴 길이의 키메릭 리셉터 각각을 사용한 형질도입 효능을 tEGFR 마커에 대한 염색으로 측정하였다. B) 짧은 길이(상부), 중간 길이(중앙) 및 긴 길이(하부)를 발현하는 형질도입된 T 세포를 K562 백혈병 세포만의 용균에 대해 어세이하거나 형질감염하여 ROR1을 발현하였다. 긴 스페이서 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포만이 ROR1+ K562 세포를 효과적으로 사멸하였다. C) 짧은 것(상부), 중간 것(중앙), 및 긴 것(하부)을 발현하는 형질도입된 T 세포를 CFSE로 표지하고, ROR1 또는 CD19 (대조용)를 발현하는 K562 세포로 자극하여 72시간 동안 세포 증식을 어세이하였다. 긴 스페이서 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포가 ROR1 + K562 세포에 특이적으로 증식하였다. D) 짧은 것(상부), 중간 것(중앙), 및 긴 것(하부)을 발현하는 형질도입된 T 세포를 Raji 림프종 세포 및 ROR1 또는 CD19 (대조용)를 발현하는 K562 세포로 자극하여 24시간 동안 인터페론 감마의 상징액 내로의 분비를 어세이하였다. 긴 스페이서 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포가 증식하였고 ROR1 양성 표적 세포에 대한 반응에서 고농도의 인터페론 감마를 생산하였다.
도 4: 상이한 친화도를 갖는 2A2 및 R12 scFV에서 유도되고 변성된 스페이서 길이를 갖는 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터의 디자인. (A) 2A2 scFV, 즉 '힌지-CH2-CH3'(긴 스페이서, 229 AA), '힌지-CT13'(중간, 119 AA), 또는 '힌지' 단독(짧은 스페이서, 12 AA)의 IgG4-Fc 유도성 스페이서, 및 CD3ζ 및 CD28을 갖는 시그널링 모듈을 함유하는 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터의 패널을 코딩하는 렌티바이러스 전이유전자 삽입물의 설계. 각각의 키메릭 리셉터 카세트는 T2A 요소의 하부에 코딩된 둔단된 EGFR 마커를 함유한다. (B) 각각 짧은 IgG4-Fc '힌지' 스페이서(12 AA)를 갖는 R12 및 2A2 scFV로부터 유도된 ROR1-특이적 키메릭 리셉터를 코딩하는 렌티바이러스 전이유전자 삽입물과, CD28 또는 4-1BB 및 CD3ζ를 함유하는 시그널링 모듈(총 4개 구조물).
도 5: 2A2보다 높은 친화도를 갖는 mAb R12에서 유도된 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 T 세포의 항종양 반응성. (A) 짧은 IgG4-Fc '힌지' 스페이서를 갖는 R12 및 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터, 및 CD28 또는 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인 각각으로 변성된 정제된 폴리클로날 CD8+ TCM-유도성 T 세포주에서 tEGFR 발현. (B) R12(28-▲; 4-1BB-Δ) 및 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 (28-●; 4-1BBo) 또는 tEGFR 대조 벡터(x)를 발현하는 T 세포에 의한 대조용 표적 세포 및 ROR1+에 대한 세포독성. (C) Raji/ROR1 종양 세포를 갖는 다양한 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 5x104 T 세포의 동시배양 24시간 후에 얻어진 상징액의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 어세이. 중앙/오른쪽 막대 다이아그램은 Student's t-test로 분석된, 3개의 개별 실험으로부터의 정규화된 멀티플렉스 데이터를 나타낸다(ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 2A2 = 1에 의한 사이토킨 방출). (D) Raji/ROR1 세포로 자극한 72시간 후에 외인성 사이토킨의 첨가 없이 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터와 tEGFR 대조 T 세포의 증식을 CFSE 염료 희석으로 평가하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트 위에 제공하였다.
도 6: 2A2보다 더 높은 친화도를 갖는 mAb R12로부터 유도된 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 CD4 + T 세포주의 사이토킨 제조 및 증식의 분석. (A-B) 2A2 및 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터는 짧은 스페이서와 CD28 공동자극 도메인을 갖는다. (A) Raji/ROR1 종양 세포를 갖는 2A2 및 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 5x104 CD4+ T 세포의 자극 24시간 후에 얻어진 상징액의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 분석. (B) Raji/ROR1 세포로 자극한 72시간 후에 외인성 사이토킨의 첨가 없이 CD4+ R12 및 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포 및 tEGFR 대조 T 세포의 증식을 CFSE 염료 희석으로 평가하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥5/4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 히스토그램 위에 제공하였다.
도 7: 최적의 짧은 스페이서 및 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인을 갖는 2A2 및 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터, 또는 CD19-특이적 키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 T 세포에 의한 프라이머리 CLL의 인지. (A) 프라이머리 CLL 상에서 ROR1/CD19, 및 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포(흰색 히스토그램)에서 CD28을 결합할 수 있는 프라이머리 CLL 및 Raji ROR1 종양 세포(검은점 플로트) 상에서 CD80/86의 발현. (B) 2A2(●) 및 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 (■)를 발현하는 T 세포, CD19-특이적 키메릭 리셉터(▲) 및 프라이머리 CLL(왼쪽 다이아그램) 및 정상 B 세포(오른쪽 다이아그램)에 대한 tEGFR 대조용 벡터 (x)의 크롬 방출 어세이로 분석된 세포용해 활성. 4개의 별도 실험으로부터 프라이머리 CLL에 대한 세포독성 데이터(E:T = 30:1)를 정규화하고(ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 2A2 = 1에 의한 세포용해 활성) Student's t-test로 분석하였다(막대 다이아그램). (C) 프라이머리 CLL 세포를 갖는 5x104 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 자극 24시간 후의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 분석. 자극되지 않은 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 사이토킨 방출은 3.6 pg/ml(검출 한계) 미만이었다(왼쪽 막대 다이아그램). 프라이머리 CLL과의 24시간 동시배양한 후 5x104 2A2 및 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포에 의한 IFN-γ 제조의 ELISA. O.D. 1은 약 250 pg/ml에 해당한다(오른쪽 막대 다이아그램). (D) 프라이머리 CLL 세포로 자극한 72시간 후에 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 CD19 키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 CD8+ T 세포의 증식. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트 다음에 제공하였다.
도 8: 프라이머리 CLL에 대한 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터와 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 변성 CD8 + T 세포의 작용을 키메릭 리셉터-변성 CD4 + 헬퍼 T 세포로 증가시켰다. (A) 프라이머리 CLL과 24시간 동안 인큐베이션된, R12 ROR1 및 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 각각을 발현하는 5xl04 CD8+ 및 CD4+ T 세포의 3번 동시배양에서 IL-2 제조에 대한 ELISA. O.D. 1은 대략 800 pg/ml에 해당한다. (B) 프라이머리 CLL에 대한 반응에서 키메릭 리셉터-변성 CD8+ T 세포의 증식을 키메릭 리셉터-변성 CD4+ T 세포의 첨가로 증강하였다. 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 각각을 발현하는 CFSE-표지된 CD8+ T 세포를 종양 세포 및 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 형질도입된 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 또는 대조용의 형질도입되지 않은 CD4+ T 세포와 동시배양하였다(CD8+:CD4+=1:1). CD8+ 서브세트의 증식은 자극한 72시간 후에 분석하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트 위에 제공하였다.
도 9: 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 생체내 항종양 효능. 마우스 무리를 꼬리정맥 주사를 통해 0.5x106 JeKo-1/ffluc MCL을 접종하고, 5x106 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 또는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포, 또는 tEGFR 대조용 벡터를 발현하는 T 세포를 종양 접종 7일 후에 투여하였다. 키메릭 리셉터 구조물은 모두 짧은 IgG4 '힌지-단독'의 스페이서와 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인을 가졌다. (A, B) 2A2 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 (▼), 고친화도 R12 ROR1 키메릭 리셉터 (■), CD19-특이적 키메릭 리셉터 (▲)를 발현하는 T 세포, tEGFR만(●)으로 형질도입된 T 세포로 처리된 마우스와 미처리 마우스 무리에서 종양의 연속적 생체발광 이미징. 생체발광 이미지는 골수와 흉곽에서 종양 징후를 나타내었고, 따라서 시그널 강도를 개별 마우스 각각의 전신과 흉곽을 포함한 목적하는 영역에서 측정하였다. (C) 개별 처리군과 대조군에서 생존에 대한 Kaplan-Meier 분석. 통계적 분석은 로그순위시험을 사용하여 수행하였다. A-C에 나타낸 데이터는 2개의 개별 실험에서 얻어진 대표적인 결과이다. (D) 생체 내에서 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 증식. 종양이 있는 NSG/JeKo-1 마우스에게 5xl06 CFSE-표지된 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 또는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포를 종양을 접종한 후 7일째에 단일 투여하였고, 72 h 후에 말초혈액, 골수 및 비장을 각 개별 마우스로부터 수집하였다. 살아있는(PI-), CD45+ CD8+ tEGFR4+ T 세포의 빈도 및 증식을 분석하였다. 2A2 ROR1, R12 ROR1 및 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포 각각의 빈도를 살아있는 세포의 백분율로 각 히스토그램의 왼쪽에 제공하였고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트 위에 제공하였다.
도 10: 상피암 세포주에서 ROR1 및 NKG2D 리간드의 발현. (A) 삼중음성유방암 세포주 MDA-MB-231 및 468, 및 신장세포암계 FARP, TREP 및 RWL에서 ROR1의 발현(검은색 히스토그램). 부합되는 이소형(isotype) 대조 항체로의 염색은 회색 히스토그램으로 나타내었다. (B) MDA-MB-231 및 Raji/ROR1 종양 세포에서 CD80/86과 NKG2D 리간드 MICA/B, 및 2A2 및 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포에서 NKG2D (CD314)의 발현. 부합되는 이소형 대조 mAb로의 염색은 회색 점도표 히스토그램으로 나타내었다.
도 11: ROR1-키메릭 리셉터 변성 T 세포는 시험관 내에서 ROR1 + 상피 종양 세포를 인지한다. (A) ROR1+ 유방암 및 신장세포암 계통에 대한 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터 변성 T 세포(짧은 스페이서/4-1BB 공동자극 도메인, 닫힌 기호)와 tEGFR 대조용 T 세포(열린 기호)의 세포용해 활성을 평가하기 위한 크롬 방출 어세이. (A-D) 2A2 및 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터는 짧은 최적 스페이서와 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인을 갖는다. (B) 2A2 및 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 MDA-MB-231과 Raji/ROR1 종양 세포로의 자극 후 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 분석. (C) MDA-MB-231 종양 세포로 자극한 72시간 후에 2A2 및 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 CDS+ T 세포의 증식. 분석 동안, 3번 웰을 모으고 살아있는(PI-), CDS+ T 세포의 증식을 분석하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 히스토그램 다음에 제공하였다. (D) 플레인 배지에서 MDA-MB-231과 24시간 동시배양하고, NKG2D 경로 [항-NKG2D (클론 1D11), 항-MICA/B (클론 6D4) 및 항-ULBP] 또는 부합된 이소형 대조용 mAb의 항체 칵테일 블로킹 첨가 후 R12 ROR1-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포에 의한 IL-2 생산에 대한 ELISA. O.D. 0.6은 대략 1900 pg/ml에 해당한다.
도 12: HER2-특이적 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 CD8+ 인간 T 세포에 의한 종양 세포 용균의 인지 및 촉발에 대한 세포외 스페이서 길이의 효과. A) 인간 HER2 상의 종양 세포 막 근접 에피토프에서 Herceptin Fab 에피토프 위치의 표시. B) 카복실 EGFRt 마커 막통관 단백질을 갖는 T2A 결합 폴리펩티드로서 Herceptin scFv CAR 스페이서 길이 변이체의 구조적 포맷. C) 인간 CD8+ CTL에서 단 길이, 중간 길이 및 장 길이 스페이서 Herceptin-CAR 변이체 발현의 웨스턴 블롯 검출. D) Herceptin CAR 변이체로 형질도입된 다음, Herceptin-비오틴, 항-비오틴 미소구(microbead)로 면역자성학적으로 정제된 형질도입 인간 CD8+ CTL에 의한 EGFRt의 유동세포계수적 검출. E) HER2+ Med411FH 및 D283 인간 메듈로블라스토마(medulloblastoma) 세포주에 대한 Herceptin CAR 변이체 (단 길이 - S; 중간 길이 - M; 및 장 길이 - L)를 발현하기 위해 형질도입된 T 세포에 의한 분명한 세포용해 작용(D341은 HER2- 대조용 메듈로블라스토마 세포주이고, 삽입한 유동 플롯은 항-HER2 특이적 mAb로 염색된 종양 표적 라인이다). 녹색=전장 IgG4 (긴 스페이서, ▼), 청색=IgG4힌지:CH3(중간 스페이서; ▲), 적색=IgG4힌지 (짧은 스페이서;■).
도 13: CD19-키메릭 리셉터 벡터와 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 생성. (A) 세포외 스페이서 길이와 세포내 공동자극에서 차이가 있는 CD19-특이적 키메릭 리셉터의 패널을 코딩하는 렌티바이러스 전이유전자 삽입물의 설계. 각각의 키메릭 리셉터는 VL-VH 배향 내의 FMC63 mAb로부터 유도된 CD19-특이적 단일사슬 가변 단편, Hinge-CH2-CH3 (긴 스페이서, 229 AA) 또는 힌지만(짧은 스페이서, 12 AA)의 IgG4-유도 스페이서 도메인, 및 CD28 또는 4-IBB를 단독으로 또는 동시에 갖는 CD3ζ를 함유하는 시그널링 모듈을 코딩한다. 각각의 키메릭 리셉터 카세트는 분해가능한 2A 요소의 하부에 코딩된 둔단된 EGFR 마커를 함유한다. (B, C) CD19-키메릭 리셉터 구조물 각각으로 변성된 폴리클로날 T 세포주를 정상 공여체의 정제된 CD8+ CD45RO+ CD62L+ 중추 기억 T 세포(TCM)로부터 제조하였다. 렌티바이러스 형질도입 후에, 각 세포주 내의 전이유전자 양성 T 세포를 tEGFR 마커를 사용하여 정제하고 시험관내 및 생체내 실험에서 증폭하였다. (D) tEGFR 마커에 대해 염색한 후의 MFI는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 각각으로 변성된 T 세포 내에서 등가의 전이유전자 발현을 나타낸다.
도 14: 고유(distinct) CD19-키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 T 세포의 시험관내 세포독성, 사이토킨 생성 및 증식. (A) CD19+ 및 대조용 표적 T 세포에 대한 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 세포용해 활성. (B) 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포와 CD19로 형질감염된 K562 세포, 및 CD19+ Raji 세포의 트리플리케이트 동시배양 24시간 후에 얻어진 상징액의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 어세이. (C) 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포에 의한 사이토킨 제조 비교. 6개의 개별 실험의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 데이터를 정규화하고(CD19-키메릭 리셉터 'short/CD28'에 의한 사이토킨 방출 CTL = 1), Student's t-test로 분석하였다. (D) CFSE 염료 희석을 사용하여 K562/CD19 (상부 패널) 및 CD19+ Raji 종양 세포(하부 패널)로 자극한 72시간 후에 외인성 사이토킨의 첨가 없이 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 증식을 측정하였다. 분석 동안, 3번 웰을 모으고, 살아있는(PI-), CD8+ T 세포를 분석하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트의 왼쪽 상부에 제공하였다. (E) Raji 종양 세포를 갖는 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 72시간 동시배양의 말에 PI 염색을 수행하였다. 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포주(CD3+) 내에서 PI+ 세포의 백분율은 각 히스토그램에 제공하였다.
도 15: 짧은 세포외 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포는 NOD/SCID 마우스에서 Raji 종양을 근절한다. (A) 마우스 무리를 꼬리정맥 주사를 통해 Raji-ffluc를 접종하고, 긴 스페이서 도메인과 짧은 스페이서 도메인을 함유하는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 또는 tEGFR 단독으로 형질도입된 T 세포를 꼬리정맥 주사에 의한 종양 접종 2일과 9일 후에 투여하였다. 종양 진행과 분포를 루시페린(luciferin) 기질을 주사한 후에 연속 생체발광 이미지에 의해 평가하였다. (B) 짧은 스페이서 ('short/CD28'과 'short/4-1BB') 및 긴 스페이서('long/CD28'과 'long/4-1BB') 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포, tEGFR 대조용 벡터로 형질도입된 T 세포로 처리되거나 미처리된 마우스 무리에서 종양의 연속 생체발광 이미지. CD19-키메릭 리셉터 또는 tEGFR 형질도입 T 세포로 처리된 마우스 무리를 나타내는 각 다이아그램은 또한 비교를 위한 미처리 마우스의 종양 진행(적색 삼각형)의 중간을 나타내었다. (C) 미처리된 마우스와 짧은 스페이서 ('short/CD28'과 'short/4-1BB') 및 긴 스페이서('long/CD28'과 'long/4-1BB') 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포 및 대조용 tEGFR로 처리된 마우스의 생존에 대한 Kaplan-Meier 분석. 통계적 분석은 로그순위시험을 사용하여 수행하였다. B와 C에 나타낸 데이터는 3개의 개별 실험에서 얻어진 결과의 대표값이다.
도 16: 짧은 스페이서(short/4-1BB)를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포는 설정된 Raji 종양을 NSG 마우스에서 용량의존적 방식으로 근절한다. (A) 마우스를 꼬리정맥 주사에 의해 Raji-ffluc를 접종하고 종양 생착(engraftment)을 생체발광 이미지에 의해 6일째에 확인하였다. 7일째에 다양한 용량의 T 세포를 일회 i.v. 주사한 마우스를 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 'short/4-1BB' 또는 tEGFR-대조용 렌티바이러스로 형질도입하였다. (B, C) CD19-키메릭 리셉터 'short/4-1BB'를 발현하는 T 세포의 용량의존적 항-종양 효능. 대조용 마우스 무리에게 일tEGFR만으로 변성된 고용량 T 세포를 일회 투여하였다. (D) NSG/Raji 마우스에 양자전달한 후 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포의 지속성(Persistence). 2.5x106 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 'short/4-1BB' T 세포로 처리된 마우스 무리에서 말초혈액(안구 출혈)의 유동세포계수 분석. CD8+ tEGFR+ T 세포의 빈도를 살아있는 말초혈액 세포의 백분율로 나타내었다.
도 17: 짧은 스페이서 및, CD28 또는 4-1BB를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포는 긴 스페이서를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 것들보다 설정된 림프종에 대해 보다 효과적이다. (A) NSG 마우스를 Raji-ffluc로 0일째에 접종하고, 7일째에 짧은 또는 긴 스페이서 및 CD28 또는 4-1BB 공동자극 도메인을 발현하는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포 2.5x106의 일회 투여로 처리하였다. (B) 처리 그룹 각각에서 마우스 생존에 대한 Kaplan-Meier 분석. 통계적 분석은 로그순위시험을 사용하여 수행하였다. (C) 짧은 스페이서('short/CD28'과 'short/4-IBB'), 및 긴 스페이서('long/CD28'과 'long/4-1BB')를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포로 처리된 마우스 무리의 생체발광 이미징. 각각의 시점에서 미처리된 마우스에서 관찰된 평균종양부담을 비교를 위해 각 다이아그램에 나타내었다(삼각형). (D) 짧은 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 생체내 지속성은 긴 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포와 비교하여 증강된다. 전달 후 3일째와 10일 째에 얻어진 말초혈액 중 CD8+ tEGFR+ T 세포의 빈도를 유동세포계수법으로 측정하고 살아있는(PI-) 말초혈액 세포의 백분율로 나타내었다. 통계적 분석은 Student's t-test으로 수행하였다. B-D에 나타낸 데이터는 3개의 개별 실험에서 얻어진 결과의 대표값이다.
도 18: 키메릭 리셉터 T 세포 용량을 증가하거나 공동자극 시그널링을 증강하는 것은 설정된 림프종에 대한 긴 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터의 항-종양 효능을 개선하지 않는다. (A) CD19+ 및 대조용 표적 세포에 대한 'long/CD28', 'long/4-1BB' 및 'long/CD28_4-1BB' CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 세포용해 활성. (B) 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포와 K562/CD19 및 Raji 종양 세포의 트리플리케이트 동시배양으로 24시간 후에 얻어진 상징액의 멀티플렉스 사이토킨 어세이. (C) CD19+ 종양 세포 (K562/CD19 - 왼쪽 패널; Raji - 오른쪽 패널)로 자극한 72시간 후에 CFSE 염료 희석에 의한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포 증식의 평가. 분석 동안, 트리플리케이트 웰을 모으고 살아있는(PI-) CD8+ T 세포의 증식을 분석하였다. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타내고, ≥4/3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 각 플로트의 왼쪽 상부에 제공하였다. (D) 짧은 스페이서 도메인('short/CD28')과 긴 스페이서 도메인 ('long/CD28'과 'long/CD28_4-1BB')을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포, 또는 tEGFR-코딩 대조용 렌티바이러스 벡터로 변성된 T 세포로 처리된 마우스 생존에 대한 Kaplan-Meier 분석. 통계적 분석은 로그순위시험을 사용하여 수행하였다. (E) 짧은 스페이서('short/CD28'), 및 긴 스페이서 ('long/CD28'과 'long/CD28_4-1BB')를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포로 처리된 마우스 무리의 생체발광 이미징. 다이아그램은 비교를 위한 미처리 마우스에서 평균종양진행을 나타내고 있다(적색 삼각형). (F) 다양한 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포의 생체내 지속성. 전달 후 3일과 10일에 얻어진 말초혈액 내 CD8+ tEGFR+ T 세포의 빈도는 유동세포계수법으로 측정되었고 살아있는(PI-) 말초혈액 세포의 백분율로 나타내었다. 통계적 분석은 Student's t-test로 수행하였다.
도 19: 긴 스페이서 도메인을 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 T 세포는 생체내 종양으로 활성화되지만 세포수를 증가하지 못하였다. (A) NSG/Raji 마우스로 전달하기 전에 각 CD19-키메릭 리셉터로 변성된 T 세포에서 CD69 및 CD25의 발현. (B) 마우스 무리를 Raji-ffluc 종양 세포로 접종하고, 7일 후에 CFSE-표지 CD19-키메릭 리셉터 형질도입된, 또는 대조용 T 세포를 투여하였다. 골수와 비장을 T 세포를 투여한 24시간과 72시간 후에 마우스의 서브그룹에서 수집하였다. (C, D) T 세포를 전달한 24시간 (C)과 72시간 (D) 후에 얻어진 골수 단핵세포의 다중매개변수 유동세포계수 분석. 점도표는 살아있는 사람 T 세포를 검출하기 위해 PI- 세포에서 게이팅(gating)한 후 염색한 항CD3 및 항CD45를 나타낸다. CD3- CD45+ 게이트는 Raji 종양 세포를 함유한다. 살아있는(PI-) CD3+ CD45+ T 세포 상에서 CD25와 CD69의 발현을 히스토그램에 나타내었다. (E) T 세포 전달 24시간과 72시간 후에 얻어진 비장에서 CD3+ CD45+ T 세포의 빈도. 점도표는 살아있는 PI- 비장세포에 게이트되었고 CD3+ CD45+ T 세포의 백분율은 각 플로트에 나타내었다. (F) NSG Raji 마우스에 T 세포를 전달한 여러 시간 후에 골수 및 비장세포의 PI 염색. 히스토그램 내의 숫자는 CD3+ 개체군 내에서 PI+ 세포의 백분율을 나타낸다. (G) 짧은 스페이서('short/CD28'과 'short/4-IBB'), 및 긴 스페이서('long/CD28과 'long/4-1BB')를 갖는 CD19-키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포, 또는 대조용 T 세포로 처리된 마우스 무리의 생체발광 이미징.
도 20: 4-1BB와 CD3제타 및 변성 IgG4-Fc 힌지를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포는 4-1BB와 CD3제타 및 CD8 알파 힌지를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포보다 시험관내와 생체내 작용이 우수하다. (A) IgG4 Fc 힌지, CD8 알파 힌지를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 변성 T 세포와 CD19로 형질감염된 Cr51-표지 K562 세포에 대한 대조용 T 세포, CD19를 발현하는 Raji 림프종 세포, 및 K562 대조용 T 세포의 세포용해 활성. 용균은 4 시간 Cr51 방출 어세이에서 상이한 E/T 비율에서 나타났다. (B) Raji 종양 세포와 24시간의 공동배양 후 IgG4 Fc 힌지 또는 CD8 알파 힌지를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 5xl04 T 세포에 의한 인터페론 감마 제조. O.D. 1은 ~500 pg/ml의 인터페론 감마에 해당한다. (C) IgG4 Fc 힌지 또는 CD8 알파 힌지를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포와 tEGFR만을 발현하는 T 세포(대조용)의 CD19 양성 Raji 림프종 세포와 동시배양한 72시간 후 증식을 측정하기 위한 CFSE 염료 희석 어세이. 각 히스토그램 위의 숫자는 증식하는 서브세트가 수행한 세포분열의 수를 나타낸다. ≥3/2/1 세포분열을 수행한 각 게이트에서 T 세포 분획은 플로트 다음에 제공하였다. (D) 반딧불이 루시퍼라제(ffluc)를 발현하는 Raji 종양 세포가 접종된 NSG 마우스에서 IgG4 Fc 힌지(그룹 1) 또는 CD8 알파 힌지(그룹 2)를 갖는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터를 발현하는 T 세포와 tEGFR만(그룹 3)을 발현하는 T 세포의 생체내 항종양 활성. 마우스는 종양 접종 17일 후와 T 세포 접종 10일 후에 이미지되었다. 데이터는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 IgG4 Fc 힌지 T 세포로 처리된 마우스(그룹 1)보다 대조용 tEGFR T 세포(그룹 3) 또는 CD19 키메릭 리셉터 CD8 알파 힌지 T 세포로 처리된 마우스에서 거대한 종양부담을 나타내고 있다.
Claims (35)
- a) 리간드에 결합하는 리간드 결합 도메인을 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드(여기서, 리간드는 종양 특이적 분자, 바이러스 분자, 또는 림프구에 의한 인지 및 제거를 매개하는데 적합한 표적 세포군에서 발현된 다른 분자이다);
b) 리간드에 특이적인 길이의 폴리펩티드 스페이서를 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드(여기서, 스페이서는 참조 키메릭 리셉터와 비교하여 리간드에 대한 반응에서 증가된 T 세포 증식 및/또는 사이토킨 생산을 제공한다);
c) 막통관(transmembrane) 도메인을 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드; 및
d) 세포내 시그널링 도메인을 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드를 포함하는, 키메릭 리셉터 핵산. - 제1항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 항체 단편인 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제2항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 단일사슬 가변 단편인 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 종양 특이적 분자가 CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD123, CS-1, ROR1, 메조텔린(mesothelin), c-Met, PSMA, Her2, GD-2, MAGE A3 TCR 및 이들의 조합으로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 스페이서가 아미노산 서열 X1PPX2P를 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제5항에 있어서, 스페이서 영역이 인간 항체의 힌지영역 일부를 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제5항에 있어서, 스페이서 영역이 힌지영역과, CH1, CH2, CH3, 및 이들의 조합으로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 인간 항체의 Fc 도메인의 다른 일부 적어도 하나를 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 스페이서 영역이 12 아미노산 이하, 119 아미노산 이하, 및 229 아미노산 이하로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 길이를 갖는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제5항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 ROR1에서 리간드에 결합하고, 스페이서 영역이 서열번호: 4, 및 서열번호: 49 (Hinge-CH3)로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 림프구 활성 도메인이 CD27, CD28, 4-1BB, OX-40, CD30, CD40, PD-1, ICOS, LFA-1, CD2, CD7, NKG2C, B7-H3 및 이들의 조합으로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 공동자극 도메인과 함께 CD3 제타(zeta)의 일부 모두를 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제10항에 있어서, 세포내 시그널링 도메인이 CD3 제타의 일부 및, 4-1BB의 일부, CD28의 일부 또는 둘다를 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제4항 내지 제11항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 ROR1에 결합하고 스페이서 영역이 12 아미노산 이하이고 서열번호: 4의 서열을 갖는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제4항 내지 제11항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 ROR1에 결합하고 스페이서 영역이 서열번호: 50의 서열을 갖는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제4항 내지 제11항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 CD19에 결합하고 스페이서 영역이 12 아미노산 이하이고 서열번호: 4의 서열을 갖는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제4항 내지 제11항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 리간드 결합 도메인이 Her2에 결합하고 스페이서 영역이 서열번호: 50의 서열을 갖는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 마커 서열을 코딩하는 핵산을 추가로 포함하는 키메릭 리셉터 핵산.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 하나의 항의 키메릭 리셉터 핵산에 의해 코딩된 키메릭 리셉터 폴리펩티드.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 하나의 항의 단리된 키메릭 리셉터 핵산을 포함하는 발현벡터.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 하나의 항의 핵산 또는 제18항의 발현벡터를 포함하는 숙주 세포.
- 제19항에 있어서, 천연(naive) CD8+ T 세포, 중추 기억 CD8+ T 세포, 이팩터 기억 CD8+ T 세포 및 벌크(bulk) CD8+ T 세포로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 CD8+ T 세포독성 림프구 세포인 숙주 세포.
- 제20항에 있어서, CD8+ 세포독성 T 림프구 세포가 CD45RO+, CD62L+, 및 CD8+에 양성인 중추 기억 T 세포인 숙주 세포.
- 제19항에 있어서, 천연(naive) CD4+ T 세포, 중추 기억 CD4+ T 세포, 이팩터 기억 CD4+ T 세포 및 벌크(bulk) CD4+ T 세포로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 CD4+ T 헬퍼 림프구 세포인 숙주 세포.
- 제22항에 있어서, CD4+ 헬퍼 림프구 세포가 CD45RA+, CD62L+ 및 CD4+에 양성이고 CD45RO에 음성인 천연 CD4+ T 세포인 숙주 세포.
- 약학적으로 허용가능한 첨가제 중에 제19항 내지 제23항 중 어느 하나의 항의 숙주 세포를 포함하는 조성물.
- 제24항에 있어서, 제20항 또는 제21항의 숙주 세포와 제23항 또는 제34항의 숙주 세포를 포함하는 조성물.
- a) 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 하나의 항 또는 제18항의 키메릭 리셉터를 코딩하는 핵산 라이브러리를 제공하고(여기서, 다수의 핵산 각각은 길이가 다른 키메릭 리셉터를 코딩한다);
b) 다수의 핵산 각각을 별도의 단리된 T 림프구 개체군에 삽입하고 각각의 T 림프구 개체군을 시험관 내에서 증폭하고;
c) 종양을 가진 동물 모델에 유전적으로 변성된 T 림프구 개체군 각각을 투여하여 유전적으로 변성된 T 림프구 개체군이 항종양 효능을 갖는지 측정하고;
d) 시험관 내 및/또는 동물 모델에서 항종양 효능을 제공하는 키메릭 리셉터를 코딩하는 핵산을 선별하는 것을 포함하는 제19항 내지 제23항 중 어느 하나의 항의 숙주 세포를 시험관 내에서 제조하는 방법. - 제26항에 있어서, 키메릭 리셉터를 코딩하는 선별된 핵산을 숙주 세포에 삽입하는 것을 추가로 포함하는 방법.
- a) 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 하나의 항의 핵산 또는 제18항의 발현벡터를 CD45RA-, CD45RO+, 및 CD62L+ 표현형을 갖는 림프구 개체군에 삽입하고;
b) 항-CD3 및/또는 항 CD28, 및 적어도 하나의 항상성(homeostatic) 사이토킨의 존재 하에 세포가 세포 주입물로서 사용하는데 충분하게 증폭할 때까지 세포를 배양하는 것을 포함하는 제19항 내지 제23항 중 어느 하나의 숙주 세포를 시험관 내에서 제조하는 방법. - 제26항 내지 제28항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 림프구가 CD8+ 또는 CD4+인 방법.
- 암 또는 바이러스 감염의 치료에서 제19항 내지 제23항 중 어느 하나의 항의 숙주 세포, 또는 제24항 또는 제25항의 조성물의 용도.
- 제30항에 있어서, 암이 고형 종양 또는 혈액학적 악성종양인 용도.
- 제31항에 있어서, 고형 종양이 유방암, 폐암, 결장암, 신장암, 췌장암, 전립선암 및 난소암으로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 용도.
- 제24항 또는 제25항의 조성물 또는 제19항 내지 제23항 중 어느 하나의 항의 숙주 세포를 대상에게 투여하는 것을 포함하는, 암 또는 바이러스 감염이 있는 대상에서 세포 면역요법을 수행하는 방법.
- 제33항에 있어서, 암이 고형 종양 또는 혈액학적 악성종양에서 선택된 방법.
- 제34항에 있어서, 고형 종양이 유방암, 폐암, 결장암, 신장암, 췌장암, 전립선암 및 난소암으로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 방법.
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