JP7077251B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7077251B2 JP7077251B2 JP2019031208A JP2019031208A JP7077251B2 JP 7077251 B2 JP7077251 B2 JP 7077251B2 JP 2019031208 A JP2019031208 A JP 2019031208A JP 2019031208 A JP2019031208 A JP 2019031208A JP 7077251 B2 JP7077251 B2 JP 7077251B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 157
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 68
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010893 electron trap Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
図面は模式的または概念的なものであり、各部分の厚みと幅との関係、部分間の大きさの比率などは、必ずしも現実のものと同一とは限らない。同じ部分を表す場合であっても、図面により互いの寸法や比率が異なって表される場合もある。
本願明細書と各図において、既に説明したものと同様の要素には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明は適宜省略する。
以下の説明及び図面において、n+、n-及びp+、pの表記は、不純物濃度の相対的な高低を表す。すなわち、「+」が付されている表記は、「+」及び「-」のいずれも付されていない表記よりも不純物濃度が相対的に高く、「-」が付されている表記は、いずれも付されていない表記よりも不純物濃度が相対的に低いことを示す。これらの表記は、それぞれの領域にp形不純物とn形不純物の両方が含まれている場合には、それらの不純物が補償しあった後の正味の不純物濃度の相対的な高低を表す。
以下で説明する各実施形態について、各半導体領域のp形とn形を反転させて各実施形態を実施してもよい。
図1に表した実施形態に係る半導体装置100は、MOSFETである。実施形態に係る半導体装置100は、n-形(第1導電形)ドリフト領域1(第1半導体領域)、p形(第2導電形)ベース領域2(第2半導体領域)、n+形ソース領域3(第3半導体領域)、p+形コンタクト領域4、n+形ドレイン領域5、第1導電部11、ゲート電極20、第1絶縁部31、第2絶縁部32、ドレイン電極41(第1電極)、及びソース電極42(第2電極)を有する。
ソース電極42に対してドレイン電極41に正電圧が印加された状態で、ゲート電極20に閾値以上の電圧を印加する。これにより、p形ベース領域2にチャネル(反転層)が形成され、半導体装置100がオン状態となる。電子は、このチャネルを通ってソース電極42からドレイン電極41へ流れる。その後、ゲート電極20に印加される電圧が閾値よりも低くなると、p形ベース領域2におけるチャネルが消滅し、半導体装置100がオフ状態になる。
n-形ドリフト領域1、p形ベース領域2、n+形ソース領域3、p+形コンタクト領域4、及びn+形ドレイン領域5は、半導体材料として、シリコン(Si)又は炭化シリコン(SiC)を含む。半導体材料としてシリコンが用いられる場合、n形不純物として、ヒ素(As)、リン(P)、またはアンチモン(Sb)を用いることができる。p形不純物として、ボロン(B)を用いることができる。
第1導電部11及びゲート電極20は、ポリシリコンなどの導電材料を含む。導電材料には、不純物が添加されていても良い。
第1絶縁部31、第2絶縁部32、ゲート絶縁部33、及び絶縁部34は、酸化シリコンなどの絶縁材料を含む。第2絶縁部32は、不純物(例えばリン)を含んでいても良い。例えば、第2絶縁部32における不純物濃度は、第1絶縁部31における不純物濃度よりも高い。第1絶縁部31における不純物濃度は、ゼロであっても良い。
ドレイン電極41及びソース電極42は、アルミニウムなどの金属を含む。
図2~図4を参照して、実施形態に係る半導体装置100の製造方法の一例を説明する。
導電層11aのX方向における中央には、シームが存在する。シームは、微小な空隙であり、Z方向に沿って延伸している。シームは、例えば以下のように形成される。
導電層11aを形成する際、絶縁層31aの内壁面から垂直方向に導電材料が堆積していく。例えば、内壁面のうち、Z方向に沿う一方の内側面と、Z方向に沿う他方の内側面と、では、X方向に向けて導電材料が堆積していく。導電材料の堆積が進むと、トレンチTのX方向における略中央で、一方の内側面に堆積した導電材料と、他方の内側面に堆積した導電材料と、が接する。このとき、内壁面上の各点における堆積量のばらつきにより、トレンチTのX方向における略中央では、材料が充填されていない空間が発生する。この結果、シームが形成される。
図5を参照して、実施形態の効果を説明する。実施形態に係る半導体装置100において、第1電極部分21とソース電極42との間には、図5に表したように、容量C1~C3が存在する。
図6及び図7は、第1変形例に係る半導体装置の一部を表す斜視断面図である。
図6に表した半導体装置111は、第2導電部12をさらに有する。第2導電部12は、第1電極部分21と第2電極部分22との間に設けられ、第2絶縁部32に囲まれている。第2導電部12は、第1導電部11、第1電極部分21、第2電極部分22、及び空隙Vから離れている。第2導電部12は、Z方向において、第1導電部11と空隙Vとの間に位置する。第2導電部12は、例えばソース電極42と電気的に接続されている。又は、第2導電部12の電位は、フローティングであっても良い。
図8(a)及び図8(c)は、図3(a)に表した工程を実施した後の、導電層11aの露出部近傍を表している。
図9~図11は、第2変形例に係る半導体装置の一部を表す斜視断面図である。
図9に表した半導体装置121では、第2絶縁部32が、第1絶縁部分P1及び第2絶縁部分P2を有する。第1絶縁部分P1には、空隙Vが設けられている。第2絶縁部分P2には、空隙Vが設けられていない。第2絶縁部分P2は、第1絶縁部分P1とY方向において並んでいる。例えば、第1絶縁部分P1と第2絶縁部分P2は、Y方向において交互に設けられている。
図12は、第3変形例に係る半導体装置の一部を表す斜視断面図である。
図12に表した半導体装置130では、ゲート電極20が第3電極部分23をさらに有する。第3電極部分23は、第1電極部分21の上部と第2電極部分22の上部とを接続している。第3電極部分23は、第2絶縁部32の上に位置する。
Claims (7)
- 第1電極と、
前記第1電極の上に設けられ、前記第1電極と電気的に接続された第1導電形の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域の上に設けられた第2導電形の複数の第2半導体領域と、
前記複数の第2半導体領域の上にそれぞれ選択的に設けられた第1導電形の複数の第3半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域中に第1絶縁部を介して設けられた第1導電部と、
前記第1導電部及び前記第1絶縁部の上に設けられ、前記第1導電部から離れたゲート電極であって、
前記第1電極から前記第1半導体領域に向かう第1方向に垂直な第2方向において、前記第1半導体領域の一部、前記複数の第2半導体領域の1つ、及び前記複数の第3半導体領域の1つと、第1ゲート絶縁部を介して対向する第1電極部分と、
前記第2方向において前記第1電極部分と前記複数の第3半導体領域の別の1つとの間に位置し、前記第1半導体領域の別の一部、前記複数の第2半導体領域の別の1つ、及び前記複数の第3半導体領域の前記別の1つと第2ゲート絶縁部を介して対向する第2電極部分と、
を有し、前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分との間に、空隙を含む第2絶縁部が設けられた、前記ゲート電極と、
前記複数の第2半導体領域及び前記複数の第3半導体領域の上に設けられ、前記複数の第2半導体領域、前記複数の第3半導体領域、及び前記第1導電部と電気的に接続された第2電極と、
を備えた半導体装置。 - 前記第2絶縁部中に設けられ、前記第1導電部及び前記ゲート電極から離れた第2導電部をさらに備えた請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2導電部は、前記第2電極と電気的に接続された請求項2記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2絶縁部は、
前記空隙を含む第1絶縁部分と、
前記第1方向及び前記第2方向に垂直な第3方向において前記第1絶縁部分と並び、
前記空隙を含まない第2絶縁部分と、
を有する請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2絶縁部中に設けられ、前記第1導電部及び前記ゲート電極から離れた第2導電部をさらに備え、
前記第2絶縁部は、
前記空隙を含む第1絶縁部分と、
前記第1方向及び前記第2方向に垂直な第3方向において前記第1絶縁部分と並び、
前記第2導電部を含み、前記空隙を含まない第3絶縁部分と、
を有する請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート電極は、前記第2絶縁部の上に設けられた第3電極部分をさらに有し、
前記第3電極部分は、前記第1電極部分の上部及び前記第2電極部分の上部に接続された請求項1~5のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2絶縁部は、不純物を含み、
前記第2絶縁部における不純物濃度は、前記第1絶縁部における不純物濃度よりも高い請求項1~6のいずれか1つに記載の半導体装置。
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