JP6152229B2 - 代謝性および関連障害の処置において使用するためのジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ2阻害剤 - Google Patents
代謝性および関連障害の処置において使用するためのジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ2阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6152229B2 JP6152229B2 JP2016557229A JP2016557229A JP6152229B2 JP 6152229 B2 JP6152229 B2 JP 6152229B2 JP 2016557229 A JP2016557229 A JP 2016557229A JP 2016557229 A JP2016557229 A JP 2016557229A JP 6152229 B2 JP6152229 B2 JP 6152229B2
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- piperidin
- ethoxyphenoxy
- methyl
- pyrimidine
- Prior art date
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- 101000698136 Homo sapiens Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 1 Proteins 0.000 title description 24
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- CYCNYHDZSDGGIH-XMSQKQJNSA-N 3-[(1R)-1-[[2-[(3R)-3-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)piperidin-1-yl]pyrimidine-5-carbonyl]amino]ethyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C(C)OC1=C(O[C@H]2CN(CCC2)C2=NC=C(C=N2)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C=2C=C(C(=O)O)C=CC2)C=CC=C1 CYCNYHDZSDGGIH-XMSQKQJNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/08—Bridged systems
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Description
G. Mashek. 2011. 「哺乳類のトリアシルグリセロール代謝:合成、脂肪分解およびシグナル伝達(Mammalian
triacylglycerol metabolism: synthesis, lipolysis, and signaling)」Chem Rev 111: 6359-6386.
2.Erion, D. M.およびG.
I. Shulman. 2010. 「ジアシルグリセロール媒介性インスリン抵抗性(Diacylglycerol-mediated
insulin resistance)」Nat Med 16: 400-402.
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N. Ginsberg. 2011. 「超低比重リポタンパク質(VLDL)分泌、肝脂肪変性およびインスリン抵抗性の増大(Increased very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, hepatic
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Dagenais, P. Mauriege, P. M. Bernard, J. P. DespresおよびB.
Lamarche. 2005. 「ヒトにおける低比重リポタンパク質副画分および虚血性心疾患の長期的リスク:ケベック心臓血管研究からの13年間の経過観察データ(Low-density lipoprotein subfractions and the long-term risk of
ischemic heart disease in men: 13-year follow-up data from the Quebec
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553-559.
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C. Chen, E. Sande, B. Tow, D. A. Sanan, J. Raber, R. H. EckelおよびR. V. Farese, Jr. 2000. 「Dgatを欠いているマウスにおける肥満抵抗性およびトリグリセリド合成の多重機構(Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis
in mice lacking Dgat)」Nat Genet 25: 87-90.
6.Buhman, K. K., S. J. Smith, S. J. Stone,
J. J. Repa, J. S. Wong, F. F. Knapp, Jr., B. J. Burri, R. L. Hamilton, N. A.
AbumradおよびR. V. Farese, Jr. 2002. 「DGAT1は腸内トリアシルグリセロール吸収にもカイロミクロン合成にも必須ではない(DGAT1 is not essential for intestinal triacylglycerol absorption or
chylomicron synthesis)」J Biol Chem 277: 25474-25479.
7.Lee, B., A. M. Fast, J. Zhu, J. X. ChengおよびK. K. Buhman. 2010. 「アシルCoA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ1の腸特異的発現はDgat1−/−マウスにおける食餌性肝脂肪変性および肥満に対する抵抗性を元に戻す(Intestine-specific expression of acyl CoA:diacylglycerol
acyltransferase 1 reverses resistance to diet-induced hepatic steatosis and
obesity in Dgat1-/- mice)」J Lipid Res 51: 1770-1780.
8.Yen, C. L., S. J. Stone, S. Koliwad, C.
HarrisおよびR. V. Farese, Jr. 2008. 「主題総説シリーズ:グリセロ脂質。DGAT酵素およびトリアシルグリセロール生合成(Thematic review
series: glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis)」J Lipid Res 49: 2283-2301.
9.Stone, S. J., H. M. Myers, S. M. Watkins,
B. E. Brown, K. R. Feingold, P. M. EliasおよびR. V.
Farese, Jr. 2004. 「DGAT2欠損マウスにおける脂肪欠乏症および皮膚バリアの異常(Lipopenia
and skin barrier abnormalities in DGAT2-deficient mice)」J Biol Chem 279: 11767-11776.
10.Liu, Y., J. S. Millar, D. A. Cromley, M.
Graham, R. Crooke, J. T. BillheimerおよびD. J. Rader.
2008. 「アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドによるアシル−CoA:ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ2のノックダウンはマウスにおけるVLDL TGおよびApoB分泌を低減させる(Knockdown of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 with
antisense oligonucleotide reduces VLDL TG and ApoB secretion in mice)」Biochim Biophys Acta 1781: 97-104.
11.Choi, C. S., D. B. Savage, A. Kulkarni,
X. X. Yu, Z. X. Liu, K. Morino, S. Kim, A. Distefano, V. T. Samuel, S. Neschen,
D. Zhang, A. Wang, X. M. Zhang, M. Kahn, G. W. Cline, S. K. Pandey, J. G.
Geisler, S. Bhanot, B. P. MoniaおよびG. I. Shulman. 2007. 「アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドによるDGAT1ではなくジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ−2(DGAT2)の抑制は食餌性肝脂肪変性およびインスリン抵抗性を元に戻す(Suppression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2), but not
DGAT1, with antisense oligonucleotides reverses diet-induced hepatic steatosis
and insulin resistance)」J Biol Chem 282: 22678-22688.
12.Yu, X. X., S. F. Murray, S. K. Pandey,
S. L. Booten, D. Bao, X. Z. Song, S. Kelly, S. Chen, R. McKay, B. P. MoniaおよびS. Bhanot. 2005. 「DGAT2発現のアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド低減は肥満のマウスにおいて肝脂肪変性および高脂血症を改善する(Antisense oligonucleotide reduction of DGAT2 expression improves
hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in obese mice)」Hepatology
42: 362-371.
Dは、N、CHまたはCFであり、
R1は、フルオロおよび(C3〜C6)シクロアルキルからそれぞれ独立して選択される1、2または3つの置換基で置換されていてもよい(C1〜C4)アルキルであり、
R2は、フルオロまたは(C1〜C4)アルキルであり、
R3は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキルもしくは(C3〜C6)シクロアルキルであり、
R4は、H、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−アリールもしくは−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−ヘテロアリールであり、ここで、R4は、ハロ、シアノ、オキソ、アミニル、イミニル、−OH、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルキル、−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルコキシ、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルコキシ、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−C(O)−NR6R7、−C(O)−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−C(O)−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−NR6R7、−NR6−C(O)−R7、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−O−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−O−ヘテロアリール、−S(O)2−R7、および−S(O)2−NR6R7から選択される1、2、3もしくは4つの置換基で置換されていてもよく、
または、R3およびR4は、一緒に繋がって、ハロ、シアノ、−OH、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルキル、−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルコキシ、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルコキシ、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−C(O)−アリール、−C(O)−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−NR6R7、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル−アリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル−ヘテロアリール、−NR6R7、−NR6−C(O)−R7、−O−アリール、−O−ヘテロアリール、−(C1〜C4)アルキル−O−アリール、−(C1〜C4)アルキル−O−ヘテロアリール、−O−(C1〜C4)アルキル−アリール、および−O−(C1〜C4)アルキル−ヘテロアリールから選択される1、2、3もしくは4つの置換基で置換されていてもよい4から10員の完全飽和もしくは部分飽和環系を形成していてよく、
R5は、H、Fまたはシアノであり、
R6は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキルまたは−S(O)2−R7であり、
R7は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、アリールまたはヘテロアリールであり、
nは、0、1、2または3であり、
pは、0または1であり、
qは、0または1である]または薬学的に許容できるその塩を目的としている。
(i)治療有効量で存在する式(I)もしくは(Ia)の化合物または前記化合物の薬学的に許容できる塩を、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる添加剤との混合物として含む第一の医薬組成物、ならびに
(ii)抗肥満剤および抗糖尿病剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加医薬品と、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる添加剤とを含む第二の組成物
を含む2つの別個の医薬組成物を投与するステップを含む方法も目的としている。
2−(6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
(1R,2S)−2−(6−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
4−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−3−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−4−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−3−メチル安息香酸;
2−(2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;もしくは
(1R,2S)−2−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
または薬学的に許容できるその塩に関心を寄せている。
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メチル安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−2−メトキシ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−2−メトキシ安息香酸;
3−(1−(2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸;
3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸;
3−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチンアミド)メチル)安息香酸;
(R)−3−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチンアミド)メチル)安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メトキシ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メトキシ安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−フルオロ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−フルオロ安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸;もしくは
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸;
または薬学的に許容できるその塩に関心を寄せている。
(i)本発明による第一の組成物、ならびに
(ii)抗肥満剤および抗糖尿病剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加医薬品と、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる添加剤とを含む第二の組成物
を含む2つの別個の医薬組成物を投与するステップを含む。
本発明の化合物を、単独で、または1つもしくは複数の追加の治療剤と組み合わせて投与することができる。「組み合わせて投与される」または「組合せ療法」が意味するのは、本発明の化合物および1つまたは複数の追加の治療剤が、治療されている哺乳動物に同時発生的に投与されることである。組み合わせて投与される場合、各成分は、同時に投与されてもよいし、異なる時点で連続的に任意の順序で投与されてもよい。故に、各成分は、所望の治療効果を提供するように、別個にではあるが時間的に十分近接して投与され得る。故に、本明細書において記述されている予防および処置の方法は、組合せ剤の使用を含む。
中間体1.(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸
20〜25℃のトルエン(150mL)中の、2−エトキシフェノール(13.72g、99mmol)、tert−ブチル(S)−3−ヒドロキシピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(20g、99mmol)およびトリフェニルホスフィン(29g、111mmol)の溶液に、トルエン(50mL)中のDIAD(20mL、104mmol)の溶液を2時間かけて添加した。2時間後、反応混合物を濾過し、ジエチルエーテル(300mL)で洗浄した。濾液を3N NaOH(150mL)で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させ、濃縮した。粗残留物を、カラムクロマトグラフィーを介して精製すると、tert−ブチル(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(14.6g、45%)が生じた。MS (ES+) 222.2 (M-100+H).
20〜25℃のCH2Cl2(300mL)中のtert−ブチル(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(73g、227mmol)の溶液に、トリフルオロ酢酸(150mL)を添加した。反応混合物を20〜25℃で4時間にわたって攪拌させた。混合物を減圧下で濃縮し、残留物をH2O(200mL)に溶解し、飽和NaHCO3溶液(200mL)で塩基性化した。混合物をEtOAc(200mLで3回)で抽出した。有機抽出物をNa2SO4で乾燥させ、濃縮すると、(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン(45g、89%)が生じた。MS (ES+) 222.2 (M+H).
DMSO(300mL)中の(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン(45g、204mmol)およびエチル2−クロロピリミジン−5−カルボキシレート(41.7g、224mmol)の溶液に、Et3N(40mL、305mmol)を20〜25℃で添加した。反応混合物を2時間にわたって100℃に加熱し、次いで、20〜25℃に冷却し、H2O(300mL)で希釈し、EtOAc(300mLで3回)で抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物をNa2SO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して、エチル(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキシレート(71.5g)を得た。MS (ES+) 372.3 (M+H).
THF/H2O(1:1、2L)中のエチル(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキシレート(71.5g、193mmol)の溶液に、LiOH.H2O(24.2g、578mmol)を20〜25℃で添加した。反応混合物を20〜25℃で24時間にわたって攪拌した。混合物を濃縮し、水性相をジエチルエーテル(500mLで2回)で洗浄した。水性相を1N HCl(約400mL)でpH2に酸性化した。沈殿した固体を濾過し、乾燥させると、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸(52g、78%)が生じた。MS (ES+) 344.18 (M+H).
3−ブロモピリジン(224g、1.42mol)および2−エトキシフェノール(275g、1.99mol)を、トルエン(2.2L)を含有するジャケット型反応容器に20℃で添加し、得られた混合物を、すべての固体が溶解するまで攪拌した。2,2,6,6−テトラメチルヘプタン−3,5−ジオン(118g、0.640mol)、塩化銅(I)(71.8g、0.71mol)および炭酸セシウム(749g、2.27mol)を連続的に添加し、ジャケット温度を119℃に上昇させた。混合物が濃厚になり、温度が増大したら攪拌を再開した。20時間後、混合物を30℃に冷却した。有機層を、水(0.75L)でおよび15%水酸化アンモニウム水溶液(0.70L)で連続的に洗浄し、次いで、3M塩酸水溶液(1.18L、3.55mol)で抽出した。次いで、酢酸エチル(1.8L)および15%水酸化アンモニウム水溶液(0.500L、3.60mol)を、酸性水性相に連続的に添加した。青色水性層を分離し、得られた有機層を、15%水酸化アンモニウム水溶液(0.50L)でおよび2:1 水:ブライン溶液(0.30L)で連続的に洗浄した。有機層およびDarco G60活性炭(60g)を45℃で1時間にわたって攪拌し、次いで、酢酸エチル(0.35L)ですすぎながら、セライトのパッドに通して濾過した。濾液を真空下で濃縮し、得られた残留物をメタノール(0.30L)から再濃縮すると、3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピリジン(233g)が黄色油として生じた。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.25 (s, 2H), 7.34 (dd, 1H), 7.18 (m, 4H), 6.99 (t, 1H), 4.01 (q,
2H), 1.11 (t, 3H).
12.2M塩酸水溶液(80.0mL、0.976mol)を、Parr反応器内の、3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピリジン(210g、0.976mol)、ロジウム(アルミナ上5%、21g、0.010mol)およびメタノール(2.1L)の混合物にゆっくりと添加した。反応器を窒素および水素で連続的にパージし(各4回)、次いで、50℃に加熱し、水素で50psiに加圧した。9時間後、反応器を25℃に冷却し、窒素でパージした。触媒を、メタノールですすぎながら、濾過によって除去した。得られたメタノール溶液を、減圧下、50〜55℃で蒸留して、低体積とし、酢酸エチル(2.3L)を添加し、蒸留を周囲圧力および一定体積で続け、さらなる酢酸エチル(1.5L)を添加した。溶液が混濁したら、蒸留を停止した。混合物を20℃に冷却し、得られた結晶を、酢酸エチル(0.70L)ですすぎながら、濾過によって収集すると、乾燥させた後、3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン塩酸塩(201g)が生じた。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 9.20 (br s, 2H), 7.12 (d, 1H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 6.89 (m, 1H), 4.45 (m,
1H), 4.04 (q, 2H), 3.27 (見かけdd, 1H), 3.05 (m, 3H), 1.94
(m, 2H), 1.72 (m, 2H), 1.35 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 222.1 (M+H).
アセトン(3.0L)中の3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン塩酸塩(200g、0.776mol)およびD−酒石酸(118g、776mol)のスラリーを、56℃に加温し、その温度で2時間にわたって保持した。混合物を20℃に冷却し、その温度で終夜保持した。結晶を、アセトン(1L)ですすぎながら、濾過によって収集し、次いで、乾燥させると、(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジンD−タルトレート(145g)が生じた。キラルHPLC分析は、99.5:0.5の鏡像異性体比を示した(キラルパックAD−H、4.6×250mm、5μm、210nM、0.2%イソプロピルアミン−イソプロパノール、0.7mL/分;保持時間5.76分(主鏡像異性体)、6.20分(副鏡像異性体))。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.69 (br s, 1.5H), 9.34 (br s, 1H), 8.79 (br s, 1H), 7.12 (d, 1H),
7.03 (m, 2H), 6.89 (m, 1H), 5.09 (br s, 1.5H), 4.44 (m, 1H), 4.32 (s, 2H), 4.05
(q, 2H), 3.28 (m, 1H), 3.11 (m, 1H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 1H), 1.92 (m, 1H),
1.72 (m, 2H), 1.35 (s, 3H).
N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(2.91kg、22.5mol)を、55℃のテトラヒドロフラン(12.0L)中のエチル2−クロロピリミジン−5−カルボキシレート(1.20kg、6.43mol)および(R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジンD−タルトレート(2.63kg、7.07mol)の混合物に、50〜60℃の温度を維持する速度で添加した。混合物をその温度で1時間にわたって保持し、次いで、30℃に冷却した。次いで、混合物を水(8.4L)と2−メチルテトラヒドロフラン(16.8L)とに分配した。有機層を2M塩化ナトリウム水溶液(6.8L)で洗浄し、次いで、減圧下での蒸留によって濃縮した。テトラヒドロフラン(12.0L)およびメタノール(6.0L)を残留物に添加し、次いで、8M水酸化カリウム水溶液を、温度を55℃未満に維持する速度で添加した。混合物を50〜55℃で1時間にわたって保持し、次いで、30℃に冷却し、酢酸エチル(18.0L)と3M塩酸水溶液(8.86L)とに分配した。有機層を2M塩化ナトリウム水溶液(6.8L)で洗浄し、次いで、蒸留して低体積とした。酢酸エチル(22L)を添加し、得られた溶液を周囲圧力および一定体積で蒸留し、さらなる酢酸エチル(25L)を添加した。混合物を57℃に冷却し、結晶化が開始したら2時間にわたって保持した。温度を55〜60℃に維持しながら、n−ヘプタン(8.83L)を添加した。30分後、スラリーを20〜25℃に冷却し、その温度で11時間にわたって保持した。結晶を、2:1 酢酸エチル:n−ヘプタン(8.0L)ですすぎながら、濾過によって収集すると、乾燥させた後、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸(1.69kg)が生じた。MS (ES+) 344.3 (M+H). 母液を濃縮し、得られた残留物を酢酸エチル(4.2L)から再結晶させ、結晶化が開始した後にn−ヘプタン(2.1L)を添加して、濾過し、乾燥させた後、追加分の(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸(0.370kg)が生じた。
メタノール(5mL)中のメチル4−(ブロモメチル)ピコリネート(350mg、1.52mmol)の溶液に、水(0.5mL)中のアジ化ナトリウム(198mg、3.04mmol)の溶液を添加した。混合物を2時間にわたって還流状態まで加熱し、次いで、濃縮した。得られた残留物を、EtOAc(10mL)および水(10mL)に溶解した。有機層を分離し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して、メチル4−(アジドメチル)ピコリネート(280mg)を得た。
メタノール(20mL)中のメチル4−(アジドメチル)ピコリネート(280mg、1.36mmol)の溶液に、10%Pd/C(50mg)を添加した。混合物を、35psiのH2下、2時間にわたって攪拌した。反応混合物をセライトに通して濾過し、濃縮し、カラムクロマトグラフィーを介して精製して、メチル4−(アミノメチル)ピコリネート(150mg)を得た。
トリエチルアミン(8.1mL、80mmol)を、アセトニトリル(100mL)中の(R)−3−(2−エトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピペリジン(10g、39mmol)および6−クロロニコチン酸エチル(7.2ml、39mmol)の攪拌溶液に、0℃で添加した。反応混合物を90℃で16時間にわたって加熱した。混合物を周囲温度に冷却し、水(150mL)を添加し、混合物を酢酸エチル(3×200mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機層を水(100mL)およびブライン(100mL)で連続的に洗浄し、次いで、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。粗材料をカラムクロマトグラフィー(13%酢酸エチル−ヘキサン)によって精製すると、エチル(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチネート(8.8g)が生じた。MS (ES+) 371.0 (M+H).
1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(27.1mL、27.0mmol)を、テトラヒドロフラン(20mL)中のエチル(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチネート(2.5g、6.8mmol)の攪拌溶液に0℃で添加した。反応混合物を18時間にわたって60℃に加熱した。次いで、混合物を水(25mL)で希釈し、酢酸エチル(2×50mL)で洗浄した。水性層をクエン酸溶液(pH約2)で酸性化し、酢酸エチル(3×50mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。粗固体材料を、エーテルおよびヘキサンで洗浄することによって精製すると、(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチン酸(2.3g)が白色固体として生じた。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.39 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, 1H), 7.87 (dd, 1H), 7.03 (dd, 1H), 6.90 (m,
3H), 6.79 (d, 1H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 4.16 (m, 1H), 3.91 (m, 2H), 3.76 (m, 1H), 3.59
(m, 2H), 2.01 (m, 1H), 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.51 (m, 1H), 1.23 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 343.2
(M+H).
トリエチルアミン(0.45mL、3.3mmol)を、アセトニトリル(15mL)中の(R)−3−(2−エトキシ−フェノキシ)−ピペリジン(0.41g、1.6mmol)およびメチル6−クロロ−5−フルオロニコチネート(0.30g、1.6mmol)の攪拌溶液に0℃で添加した。反応混合物を50℃で18時間にわたって加熱した。混合物を周囲温度に冷却し、水(30mL)を添加し、混合物を酢酸エチル(3×50mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。粗材料をカラムクロマトグラフィー(30%酢酸エチル−ヘキサン)によって精製すると、メチル(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチネート(0.40g)が生じた。MS (ES+) 375.2 (M+H).
水酸化リチウム水和物(62mg、2.6mmol)を、テトラヒドロフラン(8mL)および水(8mL)中のメチル(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチネート(0.65g、1.7mmol)の溶液に添加し、得られた溶液を20〜25℃で18時間にわたって攪拌した。次いで、混合物を水(20mL)で希釈し、酢酸エチル(2×30mL)で洗浄した。水性層をクエン酸溶液(pH約2)で酸性化し、酢酸エチル(3×30mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮すると、(R)−6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチン酸が白色固体(0.50g)として生じた。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.85 (br s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 7.68 (dd, 1H), 7.00 (dd, 1H), 6.87
(m, 3H), 4.39 (m, 1H), 4.02 (dd, 1H), 3.89 (m, 2H), 3.68 (m, 3H), 1.97 (m, 2H),
1.79 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 1H), 1.22 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 361.2 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸
500mLの三つ口フラスコに、メチル3−(アミノメチル)ベンゾエート塩酸塩(12.9g、64.1mmol)、続いて、DMSO(26mL)を添加した。溶液を15℃に冷却した。温度を15℃に維持しながら、N−メチルモルホリン(27mL、240mmol)、続いて、EDCI(13g、68mmol)およびHOBT(4.09g、30mmol)を添加した。THF(100mL)中の(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸(20.94g、60.98mmol)の溶液を、10分間かけて滴下添加した。反応混合物を20〜25℃に加温し、4時間にわたって攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧下で濃縮し、残留物を水(200mL)とペンタン−酢酸エチル(1:2、300mL)とに分配した。水性相を酢酸エチル(100mLで2回)でさらに抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物を、水(200mL)、飽和重炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(100mLで2回)およびブライン(25mLで2回)で連続的にすすいだ。次いで、有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮すると、(R)−メチル3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)ベンゾエート(22.3g)が生じた。MS (ES+) 491.3 (M+H).
THF(100mL)中の(R)−メチル3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)ベンゾエート(21.3g、43.5mmol)の溶液を、5℃に冷却した。1.9M水酸化リチウム水溶液(50mL、96mmol)を、温度を14℃未満に維持しながら、滴下漏斗(addition funnel)を介して添加し、続いて、30mLの水で滴下漏斗をすすいだ。反応混合物を20〜25℃に加温し、その温度で72時間にわたって攪拌した。混合物を濃縮してTHFを除去し、次いで、8℃に冷却した。塩酸(1N、80mL)を滴下添加すると、沈殿物が形成され始めた。酢酸エチル(200mL)を添加して固体を溶解し、層を分離し、水性相を酢酸エチル(100mLで2回)でさらに抽出した。合わせた有機物をブライン(100mLで4回)で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、減圧下で濃縮した。粗固体(20.4g)をエタノール(250mL)中でスラリー化し、75℃に加熱して、黄色溶液をもたらした。水(250mL)をゆっくりと添加すると、沈殿物が形成され、混合物を90℃に加熱して、固体を溶解した。次いで、溶液を30℃に冷却し、その温度で16時間にわたって保持した。混合物をさらに3時間にわたって−1.5℃に冷却した。得られた結晶を濾過によって収集し、水(50mL)ですすぎ、次いで、乾燥させると、(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸(19.2g)が生じた。1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) δ 8.73 (s, 2H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H), 7.45 (t,
1H), 7.01 (dd, 1H), 6.92 (m, 2H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H), 4.37 (m, 1H),
4.14 (dd, 1H), 4.06 (dd, 1H), 3.92 (m, 4H), 2.07 (m, 1H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.58
(m, 1H), 1.29 (t, 3H).キラルSFC:キラルセルOJ−H、4.6mm×25cm、70:30 CO2:メタノール、0.2%イソプロピルアミン、2.5mL/分、210/254nM;保持時間(R)−鏡像異性体(実施例1)4.13分、(S)−鏡像異性体2.35分。MS (ES+) 477.3 (M+H).
(d, 1H), 7.54 (d, 1H), 7.44 (t, 1H), 7.01 (d, 1H), 6.89 (m, 2H), 6.84 (m, 1H),
4.50 (d, 2H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 4.14 (dd, 1H), 3.86 (m, 4H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 1.98 (m,
1H), 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.49 (m, 1H), 1.18 (t, 3H).融点151-152℃. C26H28N4O5の元素分析値:計算値:C, 65.53; H, 5.92; N, 11.76; 測定値:C, 65.41;
H, 5.58; N, 11.83.
実施例1化合物の粉末X線回折パターンは、Bruker AXS D4エンデバー回折計で、銅放射線(波長:1.54056Å)を使用して行った。管電圧およびアンペア数は、それぞれ40kVおよび40mAに設定した。発散スリットを0.6mmに設定し、一方、二次光学部品では可変スリットを使用した。回折された放射線は、PSDリンクスアイ検出器によって検出した。データは、シータ−2シータゴニオメーターにおいて、3.0から50.0度2−シータのCu波長で、0.009度のステップサイズおよび12.0秒のステップ時間を使用して収集した。試料は、それらをカスタマイズされたホルダーに入れ、収集中に回転させることによって、調製した。データはBruker DIFFRACプラスソフトウェア(バージョン2.0)を使用して収集し、分析はEVAディフラクトプラスソフトウェアによって実施した。PXRDデータファイルは、ピーク探索前には加工しなかった。概して、1の閾値および0.3の幅値を使用して、予備的ピーク割り当てを行った。自動割り当ての出力を視覚的に確認して、必要に応じて手動で為された妥当性および調整を確実にした。
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸(実施例1)のX線結晶学分析のための単結晶は、下記の手順によって得た:68℃内部温度のエタノール(0.14M)の(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸の溶液を、水で処理して、0.074Mの最終濃度に到達した。溶液に、結晶性(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸を種結晶として添加し、次いで、20〜25℃にゆっくりと冷却して、X線回折に好適な単結晶を単離した。
THF(30mL)中の、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸(2.00g、5.82mmol)、(3−ヨードフェニル)メタンアミン(1.00mL、7.20mmol)、N−メチルモルホリン(2.00mL、18mmol)、EDCI(1.2g、5.9mmol)およびHOBT(455mg、2.91mmol)の混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌した。反応物をEtOAc(50mL)で希釈した。有機層を、NH4Clの飽和水溶液(50mL)、NaHCO3の飽和水溶液(50mL)およびブライン(50mL)で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させ、濃縮乾固した。残留物をフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘプタン中0〜50%EtOAc)によって精製すると、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−N−(3−ヨードベンジル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド(2.39g、74%)が固体として生じた。1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.69 (s, 2H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.64 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.10 (t,
1H), 6.98 (m, 2H), 6.88 (m, 2H), 6.13 (t, 1H), 4.58 (d, 2H), 4.48 (dd, 1H),
4.25 (m, 1H), 4.18 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m, 2H), 3.77 (dd, 1H), 3.64 (m, 1H), 2.13 (m,
1H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.59 (m, 1H), 1.39 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 559.2 (M+H).
合成開始前の調製
テトラヒドロフラン(THF)を使用する清浄化シーケンスを、ビームの開始前にGE FXcプロ自動COモジュールで実行した。ビームをオンにする前に、標的ヘリウムスイープを、ホットセル1内のCO2トラップにマイクロエレクトリックバルブ(microelectric valve)(CO2トラップまたはCOモジュールのいずれかへの標的送達間での切り替えを可能にする)を介して数分間にわたって向け、次いで、マイクロエレクトリックバルブを介してCOモジュールに切り替え、「活性」位置にVx1およびVx2バルブを有することにより、COモジュール内の前精製ユニット(PPU)を経由してヘリウムガスを数分間にわたって掃引した。次いで、条件を整えた生成前準備(pre−production prep)にPPUを通し、PPU内の充填材料をフラッシュした。
担体無添加の[11C]CO2を、9.5mLの窒素ガス標的[14N(p,α)11C]のプロトン照射(30分、60μアンペアビーム)によって調製した。標的を標的ガスで10分間にわたってフラッシュし、次いで、300psiに加圧し、3回排出した後、補充した。合成のための実際のビームの前に、2回の5分、30μアンペア予備放電を実施した。ビームが開始されたら、別個のホットセル内のアスカライトトラップにおけるラインおよびトラップを経由して、ヘリウムを掃引させた(これは、5分後にCOモジュールを含有するホットセルに切り替えられ、それにより、標的排出の前にヘリウムで加圧されたCOモジュールへの送達ラインを保った)。
Pd(PPh3)4(冷蔵庫内、窒素下で貯蔵したもの)を室温に加温し、アルゴングローブボックス内の炉乾燥させた2mLの隔膜密閉バイアル中に量り分け(5.55mg、0.005mmol)、次いで、窒素でパージした。前駆体、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−N−(3−ヨードベンジル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミドを、屋外で、炉乾燥させたバイアル中に量り分けた(5.08mg、0.009mmol)。ビームの終了10分前に、COモジュールの生成シーケンスを開始した。バイアルを窒素でパージした後、Pd(PPh3)4および前駆体の両方を、200μLの無水THFに溶解した。前駆体溶液をPd溶液に窒素流下で(THFシリンジを使用して)添加すると、溶液は黄色から極薄黄色になった。数分後、水酸化テトラ−N−プロピルアンモニウム(50μLの水中1M、0.05mmol)を添加し、バイアルの内容物を振とうし、同じポリプロピレンシリンジを使用して、溶液を除去した。次いで、ポリプロピレンシリンジにシリンジフィルター(Nalgene 4mmシリンジフィルター、PTFE、0.45μm、カタログ番号F2604−3)を装着し、内容物を濾過して別個の2mLの隔膜密閉バイアルに入れ、これを窒素でパージした。次いで、濾過した溶液を、清浄な1mLのポリプロピレンシリンジで除去し、COモジュールループに充填した。COモジュールへの[11C]CO2の送達後、FXcプロのための時間リストを開始した。150℃で5分間反応後、粗混合物を、FXcプロの反応容器に移し(0.01”ID PEEKラインを介してCOモジュール内のV3の3位からFXcプロのシリンジポートへ)、THFを65℃にて真空で蒸発させた。残留物を、0.3mLのジメチルホルムアミドおよび1.3mLの50%アセトニトリル/0.1%ギ酸で希釈し、インラインポリプロピレンフィルターに通過させ、2.0mLのレオダインループの自動充填による半分取クロマトグラフィー(カラム:PhenomenexルナC−18(2)10×250mm、5μm、カタログ番号00G−4252−N0k;定組成:55%アセトニトリル:水に0.1%ギ酸を加えたもの、流量:6.0mL/分;UV:254nm)、続いて、カラムへの注射によって精製した。[11C]−(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸に対応するピーク(tR=8.6分)を収集し、50mLの水で希釈し、続いて、Waters C8 50mg真空カートリッジ(WAT054965)でトラップした。カートリッジを3.0mLの水で洗浄し、次いで、エタノール(0.5mL)および生理食塩水(4.5mL)で溶離した。最終生成物を分析的HPLCによって分析した。HPLC保持時間=8.0分(移動相:50%アセトニトリル:0.1%ギ酸;総実行時間:15分;流量:1.0ml/分;カラム:PhenomenexルナC−18(2)、3μm、100Å、150×4.6mm、カタログ番号00F−4251−E0;検出器:UV280nm);合成時間(ビームの終了から)=34分;比活性度=396Ci/mmol;濃度=16mCi/mmol;収率(FXcプロ反応器内の粗製の[11C]−(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸の出発量に基づいて補正された減衰)=52%;放射化学的純度=100%;化学的純度=98.4%。
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸
メチル(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシベンゾエートの調製は、アミド化方法1(HATU)と称される代表的手順として役立つ。
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸の調製は、エステル加水分解方法1(LiOH)と称される代表的手順として役立つ。
2H), 6.89 (m, 3H), 4.45 (d, 2H), 4.32 (m, 1H), 4.20 (d, 1H), 3.91 (m, 5H), 3.78
(s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+)
507.1 (M+H).
3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸
メチル3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)ベンゾエートの調製は、アミド化方法2(EDCI)と称される代表的手順として役立つ。
3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸は、メチル3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)ベンゾエートから、エステル加水分解方法1(LiOH)を使用して調製した。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.9 (br s, 1H), 8.76 (s, 2H), 8.70 (d, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d,
1H),7.61 (d, 1H), 7.45 (dd, 1H), 7.03 (d, 1H), 6.89 (m, 3H), 5.18 (m, 1H), 4.30
(m, 1H), 4.19 (dd, 1H), 3.89 (m, 4H), 3.77 (m, 1H), 2.01 (m, 1H), 1.83 (m, 2H),
1.51 (m, 1H), 1.46 (d, 3H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 491 (M+H).
(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−N−エチルピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド
1H), 6.91 (m, 3H), 4.31 (m, 1H), 4.21 (見かけd, 1H), 3.85
(m, 5H), 3.25 (m, 2H), 2.08 (m, 1H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.57 (m, 1H), 1.23 (t, 3H),
1.12 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 371.1 (M+H).
(1R,2S)−2−(6−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸
(m, 3H), 4.38 (m, 1H), 4.05 (dd, 1H), 3.93 (m, 3H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.50 (m, 2H),
2.33 (m, 1H), 1.98 (m, 4H), 1.79 (m, 1H), 1.60 (m, 3H), 1.45 (m, 2H),
1.25 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 472.0 (M+H).
(1R,2S)−2−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸
3H), 4.51 (m, 1H), 4.28 (m, 2H), 3.95 (m, 3H), 3.75 (m, 2H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 1.89
(m, 8H), 1.51 (m, 2H), 1.23 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 455.3 (M+H).
(R)−3−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチンアミド)メチル)安息香酸
1H), 7.92 (dd, 2H), 7.58 (d, 1H), 7.44 (t, 1H), 7.01 (d, 1H), 6.92 (m, 2H),
6.87 (m, 1H), 6.73 (d, 1H), 4.60 (m, 2H), 4.37 (m, 1H), 4.05 (dd, 1H), 3.93 (m,
2H), 3.72 (m, 3H), 2.07 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 1.59 (m, 1H), 1.28 (t,
3H). MS (ES+) 476.3 (M+H).
(R)−4−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)メチル)ピコリン酸
1H), 7.03 (dd, 1H), 6.95 (m, 1H), 6.88 (m, 2H), 6.78 (br s, 1H), 4.74 (d, 2H),
4.34 (m, 1H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 4.03 (m, 2H), 3.93 (m, 1H), 3.49 (m, 1H), 3.43 (m,
1H), 2.17 (m, 1H), 2.01 (m, 1H), 1.89 (m, 1H), 1.64 (m, 1H), 1.40 (t,
3H). MS (ES+) 495.2 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メチル安息香酸
1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 4.43 (d, 2H), 4.30 (m, 1H), 4.22 (d,
1H), 3.90 (m, 4H), 3.72 (m, 1H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.52
(m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 491.2 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−フルオロ安息香酸
1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 4.51 (d, 2H), 4.32 (m, 1H), 4.20 (d, 1H), 3.90
(m, 5H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+)
495.0 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メトキシ安息香酸
1H), 7.76 (m, 1H), 7.10 (d, 1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.89 (m, 3H), 4.45 (d, 2H), 4.38
(m, 1H), 4.18 (d, 1H), 3.91 (m, 8H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.88 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H),
1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 507.1 (M+H).
(R)−5−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−6−メチルニコチン酸
1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 4.58 (d, 2H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m, 1H), 3.90 (m, 5H), 2.79
(s, 3H), 2.03 (m, 1H), 1.87 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+)
492.2 (M+H).
(R)−4−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−3−メチル安息香酸
(d, 1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.91 (m, 3H), 4.48 (d, 2H), 4.33 (m, 1H), 4.18 (見かけdd, 1H), 3.90 (m, 4H), 3.80 (m, 1H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 1H),
1.85 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 491 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−2−メトキシ安息香酸
1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 4.45 (d, 2H), 4.36 (m, 1H), 4.18 (d, 1H), 3.90
(m, 8H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.87 (m, 2H), 1.52 (m, 1H), 1.21 (t, 3H). MS (ES+)
507.0 (M+H).
2−(4−((2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)フェニル)プロパン酸
2H), 7.25 (m, 4H), 7.04 (m, 1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 4.43 (d, 2H), 4.31 (m, 1H), 4.19
(dd, 1H), 3.91 (m, 4H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 3.65 (q, 1H), 2.02 (m, 1H), 1.84 (m, 2H),
1.52 (m, 1H), 1.35 (d, 3H), 1.22 (t, 3H). MS (ES+) 505.2 (M+H).
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸
メチル(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチルベンゾエートは、(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸およびメチル3−(アミノメチル)−5−メチルベンゾエート塩酸塩から、アミド化方法2(EDCI)を使用して調製した。
1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1.2mL、1.2mmol)を、THF(5mL)中のメチル(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチルベンゾエート(123mg、0.24mmol)の溶液に添加した。反応混合物を48時間にわたって60℃に加熱し、次いで、揮発物を減圧下で蒸発させた。残った水性相をジエチルエーテル(10mL)で洗浄した。次いで、水性相を1N HCl水溶液(1mL)でpH3に調整し、その後、EtOAc(10mLで2回)で抽出した。合わせた有機相をブライン(10mLで2回)で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して、(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸(84.4mg、60%)を得た。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.77 (br s, 2H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.00 (d,
1H), 6.95 (m, 1H), 6.87 (m, 2H), 6.48 (br s, 1H), 4.65 (d, 2H), 4.42 (m, 1H),
4.27 (m, 1H), 4.13 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 2H), 3.85 (m, 1H), 3.71 (m, 1H), 2.40 (s,
3H), 2.11 (m, 1H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.60 (m, 1H), 1.38 (t, 3H). MS (ES+)
491.1 (M+H).
(R)−2−(3−(4−シアノ−2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−N−エチルピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド
−15から−10℃に予め冷却したジクロロメタン(75mL)中のエチルアミン(4.26g、0.0946mol)およびトリエチルアミン(28.7g、0.284mol)の溶液を、乾燥ジクロロメタン(250mL)中の2−クロロピリミジン−5−カルボニルクロリド(16.64g、0.0946mmol)の溶液に−15℃で滴下添加し、次いで、反応混合物を−15℃で1時間にわたって攪拌した。反応物を、水(300mL)中の濃塩酸(32.3mL)の溶液の添加によってクエンチした。得られた混合物を室温で1時間にわたって攪拌した。層を分離し、水性相をジクロロメタン(3×200mL)でさらに抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物をNa2SO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。粗残留物を、カラムクロマトグラフィーを介して精製して、2−クロロ−N−エチルピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド(12.75g、72%)を得た。
トリエチルアミン(1.5mL、11mmol)および2−クロロ−N−エチルピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド(830mg、4.47mmol)を、アセトニトリル(25mL)中の(S)−ピペリジン−3−オール塩酸塩(677mg、4.92mmol)の溶液に、20〜25℃で連続的に添加した。反応混合物を16時間にわたって80℃に加熱した。次いで、混合物を20〜25℃に冷却し、減圧下で濃縮した。得られた残留物をEtOAc(25mL)に溶解し、飽和NH4Cl(10mL)およびブライン(10mL)で洗浄した。有機相をNa2SO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して、(S)−N−エチル−2−(3−ヒドロキシピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド(827mg、73%)を得た。
THF(1mL)中のトリフェニルホスフィン(65mg、0.25mmol)の溶液およびTHF(1mL)中のビス(2−メトキシエチル)(E)−ジアゼン−1,2−ジカルボキシレート(56mg、0.24mmol)の溶液を、THF(2mL)中の3−エトキシ−4−ヒドロキシベンゾニトリル(26mg、0.16mmol)および(S)−N−エチル−2−(3−ヒドロキシピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド(40mg、0.16mmol)の溶液に、20〜25℃で連続的に添加した。反応混合物を20〜25℃で16時間にわたって攪拌した。混合物をエーテル(30mL)で希釈し、1N NaOH水溶液(1mL)およびブライン(1mL)で連続的に洗浄した。有機相をMgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮して、粗残留物を得、これを、分取HPLCを介して精製すると、(R)−2−(3−(4−シアノ−2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−N−エチルピリミジン−5−カルボキサミドが生じた。HPLC:WatersクロスブリッジdC18 4.6×50mm、5μm、4.0分間かけて95%水/5%アセトニトリルから5%水/95%アセトニトリルへ直線的、0.03%NH4OH調節剤、2mL/分;保持時間2.60分。MS (ES+) 396.1 (M+H).
下記の表中の実施例は、以下に記述する方法によって調製し、分析した。
下記の表中の実施例は、以下に記述する方法によって調製し、分析した。
DMF中の(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸の溶液(0.2M、0.50mL、0.10mmol)、トリエチルアミン(0.060mL、0.40mmol)およびDMF中のHATUの溶液(0.2M、0.50mL、0.10mmol)を、適切なアミン(0.10mmol)を含有するバイアルに、連続的に添加した。バイアルを振とうし、50℃で16時間にわたって加熱した。次いで、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させ、得られた残留物を分取HPLCによって精製すると、指定生成物が生じた。
DMF中の(R)−2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボン酸の溶液(0.2M、0.50mL、0.10mmol)、トリエチルアミン(0.060mL、0.40mmol)およびジクロロメタン中の2−クロロ−1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリニウムクロリド(DMC)の溶液(0.3M、0.50mL、0.15mmol)を、適切なアミン出発材料(0.10mmol)を含有するバイアルに、連続的に添加した。バイアルを振とうし、30℃で16時間にわたって加熱した。次いで、溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させ、得られた残留物を分取HPLCによって精製すると、指定生成物が生じた。
方法A:クロスブリッジC18、2.1×50mm、5μm、50℃、移動相A水中0.0375%TFA、移動相Bアセトニトリル中0.01875%TFA、勾配:0.00分1%B、0.60分5%B、4.00分100%B、0.8mL/分、API−ES+。
下記の表中の実施例は、以下に記述する方法によって調製し、分析した。
下記の表中の実施例は、以下に記述する方法によって調製し、分析した。
下記のプロトコールは、当然ながら、当業者によって変動させてよい。
hDGAT2の構築物は、N末端FLAGタグ(AspTyrLysAspAspAspAspLysのアミノ酸配列を持つオクタペプチド)を用いて作製した。FLAGタグ付きhDGAT2構築物では、hDGAT2のcDNAをGenscriptでカスタム合成し、BamHI/XhoI制限酵素を使用してpFastBac1ベクター(Invitrogen)中にクローン化して、N末端FLAGタグ付きpFastBac1−FLAG−hDGAT2構築物(アミノ酸1〜388)を作製した。両方向に配列決定することによって、構築物を確認した。
FLAGタグ付きhDGAT2のための組換えバキュロウイルスは、Bac−to−Bacバキュロウイルス発現系(Invitrogen)を製造業者のプロトコールに従って使用し、SF9昆虫細胞中で生成させた。hDGAT2の発現のために、Sf900II培地中で成長させたSF9細胞(20L)を、ウェーブバイオリアクターシステム20/50Pウェーブバッグ(GE Healthcare)において、1の感染多重度でhDGAT2バキュロウイルスに感染させた。感染の40時間後、次いで、細胞を、5,000×gでの遠心分離によって採取した。リン酸緩衝溶液(PBS)に再懸濁することによって細胞ペレットを洗浄し、5,000×gでの遠心分離によって収集した。細胞ペーストを液体N2中で急速冷凍し、必要になるまで−80℃で貯蔵した。別段の注記がない限り、以下のすべての操作は4℃であった。細胞を、1mMのエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)および完全プロテアーゼ阻害剤カクテル(Roche Diagnostics)を含む溶解緩衝液(50mMトリス−HCl、pH8.0、250mMスクロース)に、1gの細胞ペースト当たり3mlの緩衝液の比で再懸濁した。細胞をダウンス型ホモジナイザーによって溶解した。細胞残屑を、1,000×gでの20分間にわたる遠心分離によって除去し、上清を100,000×gで1時間にわたって遠心分離した。得られたペレットを、氷冷PBSとともに超遠心分離チューブに上端まで充填することによって3回すすいだ後、デカントした。8mMの3−[(3−コールアミドプロピル)ジメチルアンモニオ]−1−プロパンスルホネート(CHAPS)を、元の細胞ペースト1g当たり1mLの緩衝液の比で含有する溶解緩衝液に、洗浄したペレットを、穏やかに攪拌しながら1時間にわたって再懸濁し、100,000×gで1時間にわたって再度遠心分離した。得られた上清をアリコートし、液体N2で急速冷凍し、使用するまで−80℃で貯蔵した。
IC50値の決定のために、反応を、384ウェル白色ポリプレート(Perkin Elmer)中、20μLの総体積で行った。100%DMSOに溶解し各ウェルの底部に目印を付けた1μLの化合物に、5μLの0.04%ウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)(脂肪酸フリー、Sigma Aldrich)を添加し、混合物を室温で20分間にわたってインキュベートした。この混合物に、100mM Hepes−NaOH、pH7.4、200nMメチルアラキドニルフルオロホスホン酸(Cayman Chemical;アルゴンガス下で酢酸エチルストック溶液から乾燥させ、DMSOに5mMストックとして溶解したもの)を含有する20mM MgCl2に希釈した、10μLのhDGAT2膜画分(0.01mg/mL)を添加した。この混合物を室温で2時間にわたってプレインキュベートした後、12.5%アセトンに溶解した30μMの[1−14C]デカノイル−CoA(Perkin Elmerがカスタム合成したもの、50mCi/mmol)および125μMの1,2−ジデカノイル−sn−グリセロール(Avanti Polar Lipids)を含有する4μLの基質の添加によって、DGAT2反応を開始した。反応混合物を室温で40分間にわたってインキュベートし、5μLの1%H3PO4の添加によって反応を停止させた。45μLのマイクロシント−E(Perkin−Elmer)の添加後、プレートをトップシールAカバー(Perkin−Elmer)で密閉し、HT−91100マイクロプレートオービタルシェーカー(Big Bear Automation、Santa Clara、CA)を使用して、基質および生成物の相分配を実現した。プレートを、アレグラ6R遠心分離機(Beckman Coulter)中、2,000×gで1分間にわたって遠心分離し、次いで、新しいカバーで再度密閉した後、1450マイクロベータワラックトリラックスシンチレーションカウンター(Perkin Elmer)で読み取った。上部有機相において生じた生成物[14C]トリデカノイルグリセロールを定量化することにより、DGAT2活性を測定した。
細胞ベースの状況におけるDGAT2阻害剤の効果の評価のために、凍結保存ヒト肝細胞(ロットQOCおよびNON、Celsis、Chicago、IL)を解凍し、製造業者の指示に従ってI型コラーゲンでコーティングしたプレートに平板培養した。24時間の終夜回復期後、細胞を、250μg/mlのマトリゲル(BD Biosciences、San Jose、CA)を含有する培地で覆った。翌日、培地を吸引し、400μMドデカン酸ナトリウム(Sigma−Aldrich、St.Louis、MO)を含有する無血清ウィリアムス培地E(Life Technologies、Grand Island、NY)で置きかえた。40分後、DGAT2阻害剤(25%DMSO、75%ウィリアムス培地E中、100×ストックとして調製したもの)を所望の最終濃度まで添加した。すべてのウェルが、選択的DGAT1阻害剤(実施例3、WO2009016462)を、内因性DGAT1活性を完全に抑制する濃度(3μM)で含有していた。20分間のプレインキュベーション後、0.2μCi[1,3−14C]−グリセロール(American Radio Chemicals、St.Louis、MO)を各ウェルに添加し、穏やかにピペッティングすることによって混合した後、3時間インキュベートした。この時点で、培地を吸引し、細胞を、イソプロピルアルコール:テトラヒドロフラン(9:1)中で溶解させた後、3000rpmで5分間にわたって遠心分離した。放射性標識脂質を、標準的な技術を使用する薄層クロマトグラフィーによる2溶媒系(溶媒1は、酢酸エチル:イソプロピルアルコール:クロロホルム:メタノール:水中0.25%塩化カリウム(100:100:100:40.2:36.1、v/v/v/v)を含有し、溶媒2は、ヘキサン:ジエチルエーテル:酢酸(70:27:3、v/v/v)を含有していた)を使用して分割した。分離後、Molecular Dynamicsのホスホルイメージャーシステムを使用して、放射性標識脂質を視覚化した。半数阻害濃度(IC50値)は、GraphPadプリズム(GraphPad Software,Inc.、La Jolla、CA)を使用して決定した。
肝臓のDGAT2活性の遮断は、VLDL TAGの分泌を阻害することが示されている。肝臓のTAG産生に対するDGAT2阻害剤の急性影響を評価するために、雄スプラーグ・ドーリー系ラット(約200g、Harlan Laboratories Inc.)に、低脂肪高スクロース食(TD03045、Harlan Laboratories Inc.)を2日間にわたって与えた後、DGAT2阻害剤を投薬した。このとき、動物を4時間にわたって絶食させ、化合物を1%HPMC/40mMトリス/1%HPMCAS中溶液として投与した。DGAT2阻害剤による処置の2時間後、血液を側部尾静脈から抜き取り、Roche日立化学分析装置を製造業者の指示に従って使用して、血漿TAGレベルを決定した。GraphPadプリズム(GraphPad Software,Inc.、La Jolla、CA)を使用してデータを分析し、ビヒクル処置動物からのパーセント変化として示す。一元ANOVA、続いて、ダネットの多重比較検定を使用して、統計的分析を実施した。*p<0.05、**p<0.001、***p<0.0001。
Claims (18)
- 式(I)の化合物
Dは、N、CHまたはCFであり、
R1は、フルオロおよび(C3〜C6)シクロアルキルからそれぞれ独立して選択される1、2または3つの置換基で置換されていてもよい(C1〜C4)アルキルであり、
R2は、フルオロまたは(C1〜C4)アルキルであり、
R3は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキルもしくは(C3〜C6)シクロアルキルであり、
R4は、H、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−アリールもしくは−((C1〜C4)アルキル)p−ヘテロアリールであり、ここで、R4は、ハロ、シアノ、オキソ、アミニル、イミニル、−OH、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルキル、−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルコキシ、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルコキシ、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−C(O)−NR6R7、−C(O)−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−C(O)−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−NR6R7、−NR6−C(O)−R7、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−O−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−O−ヘテロアリール、−S(O)2−R7、および−S(O)2−NR6R7から選択される1、2、3もしくは4つの置換基で置換されていてもよく、
または、R3およびR4は、一緒に繋がって、ハロ、シアノ、−OH、−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルキル、−(C1〜C4)アルコキシ、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルコキシ、−(C1〜C4)フルオロアルコキシ、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール−COOH、−O−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール−COOH、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−アリール、−((C1〜C4)アルキル)q−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−C(O)−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、−C(O)−アリール、−C(O)−ヘテロアリール、−C(O)−NR6R7、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル−アリール、−C(O)−(C1〜C4)アルキル−ヘテロアリール、−NR6R7、−NR6−C(O)−R7、−O−アリール、−O−ヘテロアリール、−(C1〜C4)アルキル−O−アリール、−(C1〜C4)アルキル−O−ヘテロアリール、−O−(C1〜C4)アルキル−アリール、および−O−(C1〜C4)アルキル−ヘテロアリールから選択される1、2、3もしくは4つの置換基で置換されていてもよい4から10員の完全飽和もしくは部分飽和環系を形成していてよく、
R5は、H、Fまたはシアノであり、
R6は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキルまたは−S(O)2−R7であり、
R7は、H、(C1〜C4)アルキル、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、−(C3〜C6)ヘテロシクリル、アリールまたはヘテロアリールであり、
nは、0、1、2または3であり、
pは、0または1であり、
qは、0または1である]または薬学的に許容できるその塩。 - Dが、NまたはC−Fであり、nが、0である、請求項2に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- R1が、エチルであり、R2が、フルオロである、請求項2に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- R5が、Hであり、R3が、Hであり、R4が、(C1〜C2)アルキル−アリール、(C1〜C2)アルキル−ヘテロアリールまたは(C5〜C6)シクロアルキルであり、ここで、R4は、フルオロ、クロロ、シアノ、−((C1〜C2)アルキル)q−COOH、−(C1〜C3)アルキル、−(C3〜C6)シクロアルキル、トリフルオロメチル、ジフルオロメチル、−(C1〜C3)アルコキシ、トリフルオロメトキシおよびジフルオロメトキシから選択される1、2、3または4つの置換基で置換されていてもよい、請求項3に記載の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩。
- 化合物、
2−(6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
(1R,2S)−2−(6−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−5−フルオロニコチンアミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
4−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−3−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−4−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−3−メチル安息香酸;
2−(2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
(1R,2S)−2−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)シクロペンタン−1−カルボン酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メチル安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メチル安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−2−メトキシ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−2−メトキシ安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メトキシ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−メトキシ安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−フルオロ安息香酸;
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−4−フルオロ安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸;もしくは
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)−5−メトキシ安息香酸;
または薬学的に許容できるその塩。 - 化合物:
3−(1−(2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸;
3−((R)−1−(2−((R)−3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)エチル)安息香酸;
3−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチンアミド)メチル)安息香酸;
(R)−3−((6−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ニコチンアミド)メチル)安息香酸;
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸;もしくは
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸;
または薬学的に許容できるその塩。 - 化合物:
3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸、もしくは
(R)−3−((2−(3−(2−エトキシフェノキシ)ピペリジン−1−イル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド)メチル)安息香酸、
または薬学的に許容できるその塩。 - 少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる添加剤と混合された、治療有効量で存在する請求項9もしくは10に記載の化合物または前記化合物の薬学的に許容できる塩を含む医薬組成物。
- 抗肥満剤、抗糖尿病剤およびコレステロール/脂質調整剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加医薬品をさらに含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記コレステロール/脂質調整剤が、HMG−CoAレダクターゼ阻害剤、スクアレンシンセターゼ阻害剤、フィブレート、胆汁酸金属イオン封鎖剤、ACAT阻害剤、MTP阻害剤、リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤、コレステロール吸収阻害剤、PCSK9モジュレーターおよびコレステリルエステル転送タンパク質阻害剤からなる群から選択される、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 高脂血症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、高トリグリセリド血症、非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NAFLD)からなる群から選択される状態を処置するための医薬組成物であって、治療有効量の請求項9に記載の化合物または前記化合物の薬学的に許容できる塩を含む医薬組成物。
- 高脂血症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、高トリグリセリド血症、非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NAFLD)からなる群から選択される状態を処置するための医薬組成物であって、治療有効量の請求項10に記載の化合物または前記化合物の薬学的に許容できる塩を含む医薬組成物。
- (i)請求項11に記載の第一の組成物、ならびに
(ii)抗肥満剤および抗糖尿病剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加医薬品と、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容できる添加剤とを含む第二の組成物
を含む組合せ剤。 - 前記第一の組成物および前記第二の組成物が、同時に投与される、請求項16に記載の組合せ剤。
- 前記第一の組成物および前記第二の組成物が、連続的に任意の順序で投与される、請求項16に記載の組合せ剤。
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