JP5836522B2 - 窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5836522B2 JP5836522B2 JP2015072347A JP2015072347A JP5836522B2 JP 5836522 B2 JP5836522 B2 JP 5836522B2 JP 2015072347 A JP2015072347 A JP 2015072347A JP 2015072347 A JP2015072347 A JP 2015072347A JP 5836522 B2 JP5836522 B2 JP 5836522B2
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- silicon nitride
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 176
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 175
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 141
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- YTHCQFKNFVSQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silicide Chemical compound [Mg]=[Si]=[Mg] YTHCQFKNFVSQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021338 magnesium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 and for example Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229940110728 nitrogen / oxygen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007652 sheet-forming process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000037584 hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Yb+3].[Yb+3] UZLYXNNZYFBAQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium oxide Chemical compound O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003454 ytterbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075624 ytterbium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
前記原料粉末と、分散媒とを混合してスラリーを形成した後、前記スラリーをシート状に成形してシート体を形成するシート成形工程と、
前記シート体を窒素雰囲気中、1200℃以上1500℃以下で加熱し、シート体に含まれるケイ素を窒化する窒化工程と、
前記窒化工程を終えた前記シート体を窒素雰囲気下で焼結する焼結工程と、を有する窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法を提供する。
(原料粉末準備工程)
原料粉末準備工程では、本実施形態の窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法においてケイ素供給源となるケイ素粉末(金属ケイ素粉末)と、焼結助剤である希土類元素化合物(希土類元素化合物粉末)と、マグネシウム化合物(マグネシウム化合物粉末)と、を所定比で含む原料粉末を準備できる。
係る窒化反応においては、試料重量が、約70%増加するため、相対的に原料粉末中の不純物酸素量が低下する。このため上述のように、ケイ素供給源としてケイ素粉末を用いることにより、ケイ素供給源として窒化ケイ素のみを出発原料として用いる場合と比較して窒化ケイ素焼結体の結晶中の酸素量を低減することができる。
(シート成形工程)
シート成形工程においては、原料粉末準備工程で所定の組成となるように準備した原料粉末をシート状に成形してシート体(グリーンシート体)を形成することができる。
(窒化工程)
窒化工程では、シート成形工程で形成したシート体を窒素雰囲気中で加熱することにより、シート体に含まれるケイ素を窒化することができる。
(焼結工程)
焼結工程においては、窒化工程を行った後のシート体を窒素雰囲気下で焼結することができる。
[実施例1]
以下の手順によりサンプルNo.1−1〜No.1−4の4種類の窒化ケイ素基板を製造した。
(原料粉末準備工程)
ケイ素粉末として、純度99.9%、平均粒径10μm、不純物酸素量0.10mass%の粉末を使用した。マグネシウム化合物として、平均粒径0.1μmの酸化マグネシウム粉末(宇部マテリアル株式会社製)、あるいは平均粒径1.0μm窒化ケイ素マグネシウム粉末を使用した。また、希土類元素化合物として、平均粒径1.5μmの酸化イットリウム粉末(信越化学工業株式会社製)を使用した。
(シート成形工程)
エタノールを分散媒として、樹脂ポットと窒化ケイ素ボールを用いて、原料粉末準備工程で準備した各サンプルの原料粉末を24時間ボールミルで粉砕混合を行った。なお、エタノールはスラリーの濃度が45wt%となるように予め秤量し、樹脂ポット内に投入した。粉砕混合後、有機系バインダーである樹脂バインダー(積水化学工業、商品名「エスレック」)10wt%を添加し、さらに12時間混合を行った。そして、真空脱泡機(サヤマ理研製)を用いて粘度調整を行い、塗工用スラリーを作製した。粘度調整をしたスラリーは、ドクターブレードを用い各サンプルについてシート厚み0.4mmtにシート成形を行った。シート成形後、40×40×0.4mmtにカットした後、シートの相対密度を評価した。相対密度の評価は測長により行った。得られたシートの相対密度はいずれのサンプルも53.0%〜54.8%であった。
(窒化工程)
シート成形工程でシート体を成形、評価した後、シート体は、シート体の表面に窒化ホウ素粉末(以下、「BN粉末」とも記載する。)を塗布し、1セット12枚として積層を行い、窒化ホウ素製坩堝(以下、「BN坩堝」とも記載する。)中にセットした。その後、BN坩堝を、真空・加圧雰囲気炉(富士電波工業株式会社製 型式:Multi500)にセットし、真空中800℃で4時間加熱し、脱バインダー工程を行った。脱バインダー工程終了後、炉内を一旦10−1Paまで真空引きしてから炉内に窒素を導入して0.1MPaの窒素雰囲気中、1400℃で8時間、窒化処理を行った。窒素ガスとしては99.9vol%の窒素ガスを用いた。
(焼結工程)
次にポスト焼結として、各サンプルについて窒化工程で窒化処理を施したシート体を表1に示した条件に従って焼成を行った。なお、焼結工程は窒化工程と同じ真空・加圧雰囲気炉を用い、同様にして積層したシート体をBN坩堝中にセットし、さらにBN坩堝を真空・加熱雰囲気炉にセットして実施した。
[実施例2]
原料粉末準備工程において、ケイ素粉末として、純度99.5%、の粉末を使用した。表1に示すサンプルNo.1−5〜No.1−8の各組成となるように秤量して、原料粉末を準備した。そのほかは、実施例1と同一条件にしたがって実施例2の窒化ケイ素基板が作製された。実施例2で作製した窒化ケイ素基板はいずれも窒化ケイ素が得られ、かつ、変質層が存在しないことが確認できた。さらに、実施例2で作製した窒化ケイ素基板はいずれも相対密度が99%以上の緻密体であり、熱伝導率が最も低い試料でも99W/mK、最も高い試料は133W/mKとなっていることが確認できた。
[実施例3]
原料粉末準備工程において、ケイ素粉末として、純度99%、の粉末を使用した。表1に示すサンプルNo.1−9〜No.1−12の各組成となるように秤量して、原料粉末を準備した。そのほかは、実施例1と同一条件にしたがって実施例3の窒化ケイ素基板が作成された。実施例3で作製した窒化ケイ素基板はいずれも窒化ケイ素が得られ、かつ、変質層が存在しないことが確認できた。実施例3で作製した窒化ケイ素基板はいずれも相対密度が99%以上の緻密体であり、熱伝導率が最も低い試料でも80W/mK、最も高い試料は116W/mKとなっていることが確認できた。
[比較例1]
以下の手順により窒化ケイ素基板を作製し、評価を行った。
[比較例2]
以下の手順によりサンプルNo.2−1、No.2−2の2種類の窒化ケイ素基板を製造し、評価を行った。
純度99%のケイ素粉末を用いたほかは、サンプルNo.2−1およびNo.2−2のそれぞれと同様の手順にしたがってサンプルNo.2−3およびNo.2−4の窒化ケイ素基板を製造し、評価を行った。
Claims (5)
- ケイ素粉末と、希土類元素化合物と、マグネシウム化合物とを含有する原料粉末であって、原料粉末中のケイ素を窒化ケイ素に換算した場合に、前記希土類元素化合物を酸化物換算で2mol%以上7mol%以下含有し、前記マグネシウム化合物を酸化物換算で8mol%以上15mol%以下含有する原料粉末を準備する原料粉末準備工程と、
前記原料粉末と、分散媒とを混合してスラリーを形成した後、前記スラリーをシート状に成形してシート体を形成するシート成形工程と、
前記シート体を窒素雰囲気中、1200℃以上1500℃以下で加熱し、シート体に含まれるケイ素を窒化する窒化工程と、
前記窒化工程を終えた前記シート体を窒素雰囲気下で焼結する焼結工程と、を有する窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法。 - 前記マグネシウム化合物が、酸化マグネシウム、ケイ化マグネシウム、窒化ケイ素マグネシウムから選択された1種類以上のマグネシウム化合物を含む請求項1に記載の窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法。
- 前記希土類元素化合物に含まれる希土類元素がY、Sc、La、Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Er、Ybから選択された1種類以上の元素を含む請求項1または2に記載の窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法。
- 前記シート成形工程により得られたシート体の相対密度が45%以上である請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法。
- 前記焼結工程後に得られた窒化ケイ素基板が、未加工の状態において、レーザーフラッシュ法により測定された熱伝導率が80W/mK以上である請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の窒化ケイ素基板の製造方法。
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