JP5790906B1 - 表面の導電性を有するチタン材又はチタン合金材、これを用いた燃料電池セパレータと燃料電池 - Google Patents
表面の導電性を有するチタン材又はチタン合金材、これを用いた燃料電池セパレータと燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5790906B1 JP5790906B1 JP2015524541A JP2015524541A JP5790906B1 JP 5790906 B1 JP5790906 B1 JP 5790906B1 JP 2015524541 A JP2015524541 A JP 2015524541A JP 2015524541 A JP2015524541 A JP 2015524541A JP 5790906 B1 JP5790906 B1 JP 5790906B1
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- titanium
- fuel cell
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- aqueous solution
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 93
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 69
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 55
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 23
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 21
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229960002050 hydrofluoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020517 Co—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYKMNKXPYXUVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ti] Chemical compound [C].[Ti] CYKMNKXPYXUVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002186 photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/083—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/54—Treatment of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
の温度範囲で3秒以上加熱することが開示されている。
[1]
チタン又はチタン合金の表面において、表面への入射角0.3°で測定したX線回折ピークにて金属チタンの最大強度(ITi)とチタン水素化物の最大強度(ITi-H)から求めたチタン水素化物の構成率[ITi-H/(ITi+ITi-H)]×100が55%以上であり、その最表面に酸化チタン皮膜が形成されており、かつ、表面をアルゴンで5nmスパッタした位置でCが10原子%以下、Nが1原子%以下、Bが1原子%以下であり、以下の劣化試験1および劣化試験2にてその試験前後の接触抵抗の増加量がいずれも10mΩcm2以下であることを特徴とするチタン材又はチタン合金材。
劣化試験1:2ppmのFイオンを含んだ80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて4日間浸漬。
劣化試験2:80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて、電位1.0V(vs SHE)を24時間印加。
[2]
前記[1]のチタン材又はチタン合金材で構成したことを特徴とする燃料電池セパレータ。
[3]
前記[2]の燃料電池セパレータを備えることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池。
[ITi-H/(ITi+ITi-H)]×100≧55% ・・・(1)
ITi-H:チタン水素化物(TiH、TiH1.5、TiH2など)のX線回折ピークの最大強度
ITi:金属TiのX線回折ピークの最大強度
(i)チタン材又はチタン合金材の表層にチタン水素化物を形成し、その後、
(ii)所定の水溶液中で、不動態化処理と安定化処理を施す
ことによって行われる。
スペクトリス製 エキスパート・ハイスコア・プラスである。
解する、及び、(z)水素含有雰囲気で熱処理する、のいずれかの処理を施し、チタン又はチタン合金材の表層にチタン水素化物(TiH、TiH1.5、TiH2)を形成する。
本発明中間材と本発明合金材の表面性状、及び、接触特性を確認するため、チタン又はチタン合金材(以下「チタン基材」という。)、前処理、水素処理(水素化物形成処理)、不動態化処理、及び、安定化処理の諸条件を変化させて、試験材を作製し、チタン基材の表面性状をX線回折で調査するとともに、劣化促進試験で接触導電性を測定した。X線回折結果は図3に示すとおりである。測定結果を諸条件とともに、表1〜7に示す。
チタン基材(素材)は以下のとおりである。
M02:チタン(JIS H 4600 3種TP480C)工業用純チタン2種
M03:チタン合金(JIS H 4600 61種) 2.5〜3.5質量%Al−2〜3質量%V−Ti
M04:チタン合金(JIS H 4600 16種) 4〜6質量%Ta−Ti
M05:チタン合金(JIS H4600 17種) 0.04〜0.08質量%Pd−Ti
M06:チタン合金(JIS H4600 19種) 0.04〜0.08質量%Pd−0.2〜0.8質量%Co−Ti
M07:チタン合金(JIS H4600 21種) 0.04〜0.06質量%Ru−0.4〜0.6質量%Ni−Ti
M08:チタン合金 0.02質量%Pd−0.002質量%Mm−Ti
ここで、Mmは分離精製前の混合希土類元素(ミッシュメタル)であり、使用したMmの組成は、55質量%Ce、31質量%La、10質量%Nd、4質量%Prである。
M09:チタン合金 0.03質量%Pd−0.002質量%Y−Ti
M10:チタン合金(JIS H4600 11種) 0.12〜0.25質量%Pd−Ti
注)JIS規格以外のチタン合金であるM08,M09は、実験室的に溶製し、熱延及び冷延して得た基材であることを意味する。
チタン基材の前処理は以下のとおりである。
P02: 厚さ0.1mmまで冷間圧延し、硝ふっ酸酸洗にて洗浄し圧延油を除去した後、Ar雰囲気にて800℃で20秒の光輝焼鈍
P03:厚さ0.1mmまで冷間圧延し、アルカリ洗浄した後、Ar雰囲気にて800℃で20秒の光輝焼鈍
(x)酸洗
H01:濃度30質量%の塩酸水溶液
H02:濃度30質量%の硫酸水溶液
(y)カソード電解処理
H03:pH1の硫酸水溶液、電流密度1mA/cm2
(z)水素含有雰囲気中での熱処理
H04:20%水素+80%Arガスの雰囲気(450℃)
不働態化処理に使用した水溶液は以下のとおりである。
A02:硝酸20質量%を含む水溶液
A03:硝酸10質量%を含む水溶液
A04:硝酸5質量%を含む水溶液
A05:無水クロム酸25質量%と硫酸50質量%を含む混合水溶液
A06:無水クロム酸15質量%と硫酸50質量%を含む混合水溶液
A07:無水クロム酸15質量%と硫酸70質量%を含む混合水溶液
A08:無水クロム酸5質量%と硫酸50質量%を含む混合水溶液
A09:無水クロム酸5質量%と硫酸70質量%を含む混合水溶液。
注)いずれも固形分が生じた場合には、液中に分散した状態のまま使用した。
注)水溶液の温度は、40〜120℃、浸漬処理時間は、0.5〜25分の範囲で変化させた。
安定化処理に使用した水溶液は以下のとおりである。
B02:小麦粉0.25質量%、残部イオン交換水
B03:片栗粉0.25質量%、残部イオン交換水
B04:とうもろこし粉0.25質量%、残部イオン交換水
B05:大豆粉0.25質量%、残部イオン交換水
B06:ポリエチレングリコール0.02質量%、米粉0.05質量%、炭酸カルシウム0.0001質量%、水酸化カルシウム0.0001質量%、酸化カルシウム0.0001質量%、残部蒸留水
B07:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[スギムラ化学工業株式会社製ヒビロン(登録商標第4787376号) AS−20K] 0.10質量%、残部イオン交換水
B08:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[スギムラ化学工業株式会社製ヒビロン(登録商標第4787376号)AS−35N]0.05質量%、残部イオン交換水
B09:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[スギムラ化学工業株式会社製ヒビロン(登録商標第4787376号)AS−25C]0.08質量%、残部水道水
B10:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[スギムラ化学工業株式会社製ヒビロン(登録商標第4787376号)AS−561]0.10質量%、残部水道水
B11:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[スギムラ化学工業株式会社製ヒビロン(登録商標第4787376号)AS−561]0.30質量%、残部水道水
B12:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤[キレスト株式会社製キレスビット(登録商標第4305166号)17C−2]0.01質量%、残部井戸水
B13:酸洗腐蝕抑制剤(朝日化学工業株式会社製イビット(登録商標第2686586号) ニューハイパーDS−1)0.04質量%、残部工業用水
注)いずれも固形分が生じた場合には、液中に分散した状態のまま使用した。
注)水溶液の温度は、45〜100℃、浸漬処理時間は、1〜10分の範囲で変化させた。
劣化試験1:2ppmのFイオンを含んだ80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて4日間浸漬して行う。
劣化試験2:80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて、電位1.0V(vs SHE)を24時間印加して行う。
接触抵抗の増加量において、◎は4mΩcm2以下、○は4mΩcm2超で10mΩcm2以下、×は10mΩcm2超とする。なお、上述の条件で測定した接触抵抗の値は、◎の場合には10mΩcm2以下、○の場合には10超で20mΩcm2以下、×の場合には20mΩcm2超であった。
、表2に示す。
2 酸化チタン皮膜
Claims (3)
- チタン又はチタン合金の表面において、表面への入射角0.3°で測定したX線回折ピークにて金属チタンの最大強度(ITi)とチタン水素化物の最大強度(ITi-H)から求めたチタン水素化物の構成率[ITi-H/(ITi+ITi-H)]×100が55%以上であり、その最表面に酸化チタン皮膜が形成されており、かつ、表面をアルゴンで5nmスパッタした位置でCが10原子%以下、Nが1原子%以下、Bが1原子%以下であり、以下の劣化試験1および劣化試験2にてその試験前後の接触抵抗の増加量がいずれも10mΩcm2以下であることを特徴とするチタン材又はチタン合金材。
劣化試験1:2ppmのFイオンを含んだ80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて4日間浸漬。
劣化試験2:80℃のpH3の硫酸溶液中にて、電位1.0V(vs SHE)を24時間印加。 - 請求項1に記載のチタン材又はチタン合金材で構成したことを特徴とする燃料電池セパレータ。
- 請求項2に記載の燃料電池セパレータを備えることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池。
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