JP5670756B2 - 硫黄−炭素材料 - Google Patents
硫黄−炭素材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5670756B2 JP5670756B2 JP2010550752A JP2010550752A JP5670756B2 JP 5670756 B2 JP5670756 B2 JP 5670756B2 JP 2010550752 A JP2010550752 A JP 2010550752A JP 2010550752 A JP2010550752 A JP 2010550752A JP 5670756 B2 JP5670756 B2 JP 5670756B2
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- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 117
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002090 nanochannel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 18
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfane Chemical compound C.S YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 transition metal chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
- H01M10/3954—Sodium-sulfur cells containing additives or special arrangement in the sulfur compartment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Description
炭素マトリックスを、Jun等(J.Am.Chem.Soc.2000,122,10712)によって詳述されるように、調製した。その後、30質量%の炭素マトリックス材料及び70質量%の元素状硫黄を含む粉末を、手動で粉砕し、ペレット形状にプレスした。次いで、硫黄が炭素マトリックス内の空隙スペースに流れ込むように、ペレットを120℃〜180℃、例えば155℃に加熱した。炭素−硫黄の混合物を手動で粉砕し、さらなる調製無しに、電池の活物質として使用した。比較の電極を、23質量%の硫黄粉末、10質量%の導電性炭素、20質量%のバインダー溶液、及び46質量%の溶媒を含むスラリーを用いて調製した。ドクターブレード法を用いてスラリーをアルミニウムの電流コレクタ上に流し込み、真空下で乾燥して、セルを作った。
Claims (15)
- リチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料であって、
前記硫黄カソード用材料が、炭素及び元素状硫黄粒子を含み、
前記炭素が、多孔性を画定するナノ細孔及びナノチャネルを有する多孔質マトリックス状であり、
前記硫黄カソード用材料が、前記炭素と前記元素状硫黄粒子とを混合して粉砕し、ペレットにプレスし、前記ペレットを加熱し、粉砕して得られたものであり、
前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内に利用可能な自由体積があるように、前記元素状硫黄粒子が、前記炭素のマトリックスの前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着され、
前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着された元素状硫黄粒子が、前記炭素及び元素状硫黄粒子の合計質量に対して、70質量%以上を占める、
リチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。 - 前記マトリックスが、10〜99体積%の前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルを有する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記元素状硫黄粒子が、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルの5%より多く100%未満を占める、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記元素状硫黄粒子が、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルの50%より多く100%未満を占める、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記元素状硫黄粒子が、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルの75%より多く100%未満を占める、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜999ナノメートルの平均直径を有する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜50ナノメートルの平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜30ナノメートルの平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜20ナノメートルの平均直径を有する、請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料を含む硫黄カソード。
- 結合化合物、他の添加剤、及びそれらの組み合わせをさらに含む、請求項10に記載の硫黄カソード。
- アノード;
電解質;及び
請求項10に記載の硫黄カソード、
を有するリチウムイオン二次電池。 - リチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料であって、
前記硫黄カソード用材料が、炭素及び元素状硫黄粒子を含み、
前記炭素が、多孔性を画定するナノ細孔及びナノチャネルを有する多孔質マトリックス状であり、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜999ナノメートルの平均直径を有し、
前記硫黄カソード用材料が、前記炭素と前記元素状硫黄粒子とを混合して粉砕し、ペレットにプレスし、前記ペレットを加熱し、粉砕して得られたものであり、
前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内に利用可能な自由体積があるように、前記元素状硫黄粒子が、前記炭素マトリックスの前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着され、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルの5%より多く100%未満を占め、
前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着された元素状硫黄粒子が、前記炭素及び元素状硫黄粒子の合計質量に対して、70質量%以上を占める、
リチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。 - 前記マトリックスが、10〜99体積%のナノ細孔及びナノチャネルを有する、請求項13に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池の硫黄カソード用材料。
- 硫黄−炭素電極を有するリチウムイオン二次電池であって、前記リチウムイオン二次電池が、
リチウムを含むアノード;
電解質;及び
硫黄カソード、
を含み、
前記硫黄カソードが、多孔性を画定するナノ細孔及びナノチャネルを有する多孔質炭素のマトリックスであって、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルが、1ナノメートル〜999ナノメートルの平均直径を有する、多孔質炭素のマトリックスと元素状硫黄粒子とを有する硫黄カソード用材料を含み、
前記硫黄カソード用材料が、前記炭素と前記元素状硫黄粒子とを混合して粉砕し、ペレットにプレスし、前記ペレットを加熱し、粉砕して得られたものであり、
前記元素状硫黄粒子は、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内に利用可能な自由体積があるように、前記炭素マトリックスの前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着され、前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネルの5%より多く100%未満を占めており、
前記ナノ細孔及び前記ナノチャネル内の一部に吸着された元素状硫黄粒子が、前記多孔質炭素のマトリックス及び元素状硫黄粒子の合計質量に対して、70質量%以上を占める、
リチウムイオン二次電池。
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US3578308P | 2008-03-12 | 2008-03-12 | |
US61/035,783 | 2008-03-12 | ||
PCT/US2009/035686 WO2009114314A2 (en) | 2008-03-12 | 2009-03-02 | Sulfur-carbon material |
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EP (1) | EP2250692B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5670756B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101384630B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101953001A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009223442B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009114314A2 (ja) |
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US10629947B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 | 2020-04-21 | Sion Power Corporation | Electrochemical cell |
US20110076560A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-31 | Sion Power Corporation | Electrochemical cells comprising porous structures comprising sulfur |
US9034421B2 (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2015-05-19 | Sion Power Corporation | Method of forming electrodes comprising sulfur and porous material comprising carbon |
CA2809928A1 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-08 | Basf Se | Process for producing carbon-comprising composite |
JP5164286B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-03-21 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 硫黄系正極活物質の製造方法、硫黄系正極活物質、および、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極 |
EP2638584B1 (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2017-05-03 | Cornell University | Sulfur containing nanoporous materials, nanoparticles, methods and applications |
WO2012100301A1 (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-08-02 | The University Of Queensland | Sulfur-carbon material and use as cathodes for high energy batteries |
US9005808B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2015-04-14 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Electrode materials for rechargeable batteries |
JP5692703B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2015-04-01 | 国立大学法人東京農工大学 | リチウム硫黄電池用正極材料、リチウム硫黄電池、及び、リチウム硫黄電池用正極材料の製造方法 |
US9099744B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2015-08-04 | Basf Se | Particulate porous carbon material and use thereof in lithium cells |
WO2012131628A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Basf Se | Particulate porous carbon material and use thereof in lithium cells |
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