JP4522090B2 - 色素増感太陽電池 - Google Patents
色素増感太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4522090B2 JP4522090B2 JP2003432155A JP2003432155A JP4522090B2 JP 4522090 B2 JP4522090 B2 JP 4522090B2 JP 2003432155 A JP2003432155 A JP 2003432155A JP 2003432155 A JP2003432155 A JP 2003432155A JP 4522090 B2 JP4522090 B2 JP 4522090B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- dye
- preparation
- solar cell
- esims
- sensitized solar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 72
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 62
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 60
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 60
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 40
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 36
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- -1 ammonium carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 0 Cc1cc(*)ncc1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(*)ncc1 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- FRCVPOCFOUYRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-hexadecylpyridine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(Br)=NC(Br)=C1 FRCVPOCFOUYRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC=C1 FKNQCJSGGFJEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N stannane Chemical compound [SnH4] KXCAEQNNTZANTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000080 stannane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OHBIPNNTWKNAGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC(Br)=NC(Br)=C1 OHBIPNNTWKNAGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LNQRTGFXLPJUKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexadecyl-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1h-pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(O)=NC(O)=C1C#N LNQRTGFXLPJUKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VNYKJZGMVARMFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexadecyl-6-hydroxy-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(O)=NC(O)=C1 VNYKJZGMVARMFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MFFBQUWFHUXPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonadecylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(N)=C1 MFFBQUWFHUXPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JJHVYGVVMBYCMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxy-4-methyl-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound CC=1C=C(O)NC(=O)C=1 JJHVYGVVMBYCMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JWWGPSIXULKWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-6-(4-ethoxycarbonylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OCC)=C1 JWWGPSIXULKWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ORBQEFJMHGVQEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-oxononadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CC(=O)OCC ORBQEFJMHGVQEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- XELZGAJCZANUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1-acetylthieno[3,2-c]pyrazole-5-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(=O)N1N=CC2=C1C=C(C(=O)OC)S2 XELZGAJCZANUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- NYYLZXREFNYPKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[ethoxy(methyl)phosphoryl]oxyethane Chemical compound CCOP(C)(=O)OCC NYYLZXREFNYPKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AULQTVXAKNKCCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromopyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=NC(Br)=C1 AULQTVXAKNKCCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UEJJXCRFGURPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4-methyl-6-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(C)C=2)=C1 UEJJXCRFGURPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUTXZJNJVMRJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-6-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(C=2)C(O)=O)=C1 JUTXZJNJVMRJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMOIOBOWJASTRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonadecylpyridine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC=C1 UMOIOBOWJASTRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NXSFXTCLCJXWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,6-dibromopyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=NC(Br)=C1 NXSFXTCLCJXWDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTXJVXIVHPUFIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(4-ethoxycarbonylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(=O)OCC)=C1 CTXJVXIVHPUFIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cymene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium amide Chemical compound [NH2-].[Na+] ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- FGYAALRCBALVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl-(2-methyl-1H-pyridin-2-yl)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1(C)NC=CC=C1 FGYAALRCBALVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromohexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCBr HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCl VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZTSOGYCXBVMMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-1-propylimidazole;hydroiodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[NH+]1C=C(C)N=C1C SZTSOGYCXBVMMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZMMYHLDBMXKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-methyl-1h-pyridine Chemical compound CC1(Br)NC=CC=C1 FZMMYHLDBMXKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URJJNFYJMQIDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4-hexadecyl-6-(4-nonadecylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C=2)=C1 URJJNFYJMQIDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCAKXXUSKLOITC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4-nonadecylpyridine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(Br)=C1 BCAKXXUSKLOITC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBTKGKVQEXAYEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromopyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(Br)=C1 YBTKGKVQEXAYEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRGYYQCOWUULNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-oxo-1h-pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)NC(O)=C1C#N YRGYYQCOWUULNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIMDJFBHNDZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 UUIMDJFBHNDZOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTUHLHGBSWYUMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-pentacosan-13-ylpyridine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=NC=C1 UTUHLHGBSWYUMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHAXUKGNXPQSFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC=1C(=NC=CC1C(=O)OCC)C1=NC=CC(=C1)C(=O)OCC Chemical compound BrC=1C(=NC=CC1C(=O)OCC)C1=NC=CC(=C1)C(=O)OCC OHAXUKGNXPQSFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNYAYRSVUTZOCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C1)=CC(Br)=NC1Br Chemical compound CC(C1)=CC(Br)=NC1Br LNYAYRSVUTZOCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXRIPLTZWHRZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(CC1)=CC(C(C=CCC(Br)=C2)C=C2C(OCC)=O)C1=C)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(CC1)=CC(C(C=CCC(Br)=C2)C=C2C(OCC)=O)C1=C)=O TXRIPLTZWHRZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTQQPTUJNHZHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(-c2nc(C)cc(C)c2)ncc1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(-c2nc(C)cc(C)c2)ncc1 ZTQQPTUJNHZHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORLGLBZRQYOWNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(N)ncc1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(N)ncc1 ORLGLBZRQYOWNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GCTFWCDSFPMHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Tributyltin chloride Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(CCCC)CCCC GCTFWCDSFPMHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CC#N DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940043279 diisopropylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SKXIVUDAVWGLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(4-hexadecylpyridin-2-yl)-2-tributylstannyl-1h-pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C2(C=C(C=CN2)C(=O)OCC)[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)=C1 SKXIVUDAVWGLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYSPYRQSPIDHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(4-nonadecylpyridin-2-yl)-2-tributylstannyl-1h-pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C2(C=C(C=CN2)C(=O)OCC)[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)=C1 WYSPYRQSPIDHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSTSJPIITVNSLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-(6-bromo-4-hexadecylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(Br)=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(=O)OCC)=C1 GSTSJPIITVNSLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTYLYYQJUXNYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-6-(4-hexadecylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OCC)=C1 NTYLYYQJUXNYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHBXOEOOESAGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-6-(4-nonadecylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(Br)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OCC)=C1 GHBXOEOOESAGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBNQZJXLQLUESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromopyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=NC(Br)=C1 SBNQZJXLQLUESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DASPCSDWTDHWGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-tributylstannylpyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)C1=CC(C(=O)OCC)=CC=N1 DASPCSDWTDHWGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium cyanate Chemical compound [K]OC#N GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SBKQQGZXSADORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl-[4-hexadecyl-6-(4-nonadecylpyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]stannane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=NC(C=2N=C(C=C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C=2)[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)=C1 SBKQQGZXSADORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
- C07F15/0053—Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/10—Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’:2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)2−トリブチルスタンニル−ピコリンの調製
4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ジドデシルメチル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)4−(ジドデシルメチル)ピリジンの調製
4−エトキシカルボニル−4’,4’’−ビス(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’−ノナデシル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’:2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)6−トリブチルスタンニル−4−ヘキサデシル−4’−ノナデシル−2,2’−ピリジンの調製
4,4’,4’’−トリエトキシカルボニル−4’’’−ノナデシル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)6−ブロモ−4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−2,2’−ビピリジンの調製
4,4’,4’’−トリエトキシカルボニル−4’’’−ジドデシルメチル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−2,2’−ビピリジンの調製
4,4’’’−ビス(ノナデシル)−4’,4’’−ジエトキシカルボニル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)6−ブロモ−4−エトキシカルボニル−4’−ノナデシル−2,2’−ビピリジンの調製
4,4’−ビス(ジエチルメチルホスホネート)−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’−(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
(a)4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンの調製
式:RuL(NCS)2(TBA)の調製(ただし、Lは4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンであり、TBAはテトラブチルアンモニウムイオンである)
(a)Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2の調製
Ru(p−シメン)Cl2(61mg、0.1ミリモル)を加熱によりエタノール(50ml)中に溶解させた。このオレンジ色の溶液に、4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン(100mg、0,11ミリモル)を添加し、混合物を6時間還流した。形成した黒色の沈殿物をろ過し、そしてエタノールで洗浄して、表題化合物を黒色の粉状物として得た。収率:90%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C61H92Cl2N4O4Ru:計算値:C,65.57;H,8.30;N,5.01;実測値:C,65.78;H,8.42;N,4.93。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1116.6。
Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2錯体(100mg、0.09ミリモル)のDMF溶液(50mL)に、チオシアン酸アンモニウム(350mg、4.6ミリモル)の水溶液(10mL)を添加した。反応混合物を140℃にて3時間加熱した。次いで、10mLのEt3Nを添加し、溶液をさらに24時間還流して、クォータピリジンリガンドのエステル基を加水分解した。溶液を室温まで冷却した。形成した黒色の沈殿物をろ過し、水で洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥して、表題化合物を黒色の粉状物として得た。生じた祖生成物をsephadex LH20を用いてさらに精製した。収率:90%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C59H84N6O4RuS2:計算値:C,64.04;H,7.65;N,7.59;実測値:C,64.54;H,7.54;N,7.72。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1106.5。
粉状のRu(4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)(NCS)2(80mg)を、0.1M 水酸化テトラブチルアンモニウム水溶液(TBAOH)(15ml)中に溶解し、この混合物を110℃にて4時間加熱した(溶液のpHは計算値11であった)。生じた溶液をろ過し、少量の不溶性物質を除去し、pHを0.1M 塩酸を用いて5.0に調節した。稠密な沈殿物が即座に形成したが、懸濁液をろ過の前に遠心分離し、生成物を収集した。室温(25℃)まで冷却した後、焼結ガラスるつぼを通してろ過し、減圧下で乾燥した。収率:68%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C75H119N7O4RuSn2:計算値:C,66.83;H,8.90;N,7.27;実測値:C,66.73;H,8.96;N,7.43。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1347.8。
式:RuL(CN)2(TBA)錯体の調製(ただし、Lは4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)
(a)Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1のステップaに記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。
Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2錯体(100mg、0.09ミリモル)のDMF溶液(50mL)中に、シアン酸カリウム(300mg、4.6ミリモル)水溶液(10mL)を添加した。反応混合物を140℃にて3時間加熱した。溶液を室温まで冷却させた。次いで、10mLのEt3Nを添加し、溶液をさらに24時間還流してクォータピリジンリガンドのエステル基を加水分解した。形成した黒色のpptをろ過し、水で洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥して、表題化合物を暗色の粉状物として得た。生じた粗錯体を、sephadex LH20を用いてさらに精製した。収率:90%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C59H84N6O4Ru:計算値:C,67.98;H,8.12;N,8.06;実測値:C,67.75;H,8.20;N,8.14。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1042.6。
表題化合物を、実施例1のステップcに記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:65%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C75H119N7O4Ru:計算値:C,70.16;H,9.34;N,7.64;実測値:C,70.03;H,9.23;N,7.61。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1283.8。
式:RuLI2(TBA)錯体(ただし、Lは4,4−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
(a)Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1のステップaに記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。
Ru(4,4’−ジエトキシカルボニル−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジン)Cl2錯体のDMF溶液に、ヨウ化カリウム水溶液を添加した。反応混合物を140℃にて3時間加熱した。次いで、10mLのEt3Nを添加し、溶液をさらに24時間還流して、クォータピリジンリガンドのエステル基を加水分解した。溶液を室温まで冷却させた。形成した黒色のpptをろ過し、水で洗浄し、減圧下で乾燥して、表題化合物を暗色の粉状物として得た。生じた粗錯体を、sephadex LH20を用いてさらに精製した。収率:90%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C57H84I2N4O4Ru:計算値:C,55.02;H,6.81;N,4.50;実測値:C,55.11;H,6.78;N,4.54。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1244.4。
表題化合物を、実施例1のステップcに記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:60%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C73H119I2N5O4Ru:計算値:C,59.02;H,8.07;N,4.71;実測値:C,59.09;H,8.12;N,4.67。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1485.6。
式:RuL(NCS)2(TBA)錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ジドデシルメチル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:61%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C81H131N7O4RuS2:計算値:C,67.93;H,9.22;N,6.85;実測値:C,67.65;H,9.27;N,6.79。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1431.9。
式:RuL(CN)2(TBA)錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ジドデシルメチル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例2に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:60%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C81H131N7O4Ru:計算値:C,71.11;H,9.65;N,7.17;実測値:C,71.01;H,9.72;N,7.25。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1367.9。
式:RuLI2(TBA)錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’−ジカルボキシ−4’’(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’(ジドデシルメチル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例3に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:60%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C79H131I2N5O4Ru:計算値:C,60.44;H,8.41;N,4.46;実測値:C,60.52;H,8.37;N,4.51。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1569.7。
式:RuL(NCS)2錯体(ただし、Lは4−カルボキシ−4’,4’’ビス(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’ノナデシル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:58%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C74H116N6O2RuS2:計算値:C,69.06;H,9.09;N,6.53;実測値:C,69.00;H,9.13;N,6.55。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1286.8。
式:RuL(CN)2錯体(ただし、Lは4−カルボキシ−4’,4’’ビス(ヘキサデシル)−4’’’ノナデシル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例2に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:55%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C74H116N6O2Ru:計算値:C,72.68;H,9.56;N,6.87;実測値:C,72.49;H,9.52;N,6.92。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1222.8。
式:RuL(NCS)2(TBA)2錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’,4’’−トリカルボキシ−4’’’ノナデシル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:56%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C76H122N8O6RuS2:計算値:C,64.78;H,8.73;N,7.95;実測値:C,64.67;H,8.79;N,7.87。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1408.8。
式:RuL(CN)2(TBA)2錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’,4’’−トリカルボキシ−4’’’(ノナデシル)−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例2に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:62%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C76H122N8O6Ru:計算値:C,67.87;H,9.14;N,8.33;実測値:C,67.55;H,9.12;N,8.37。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1344.85。
式:RuL(NCS)2(TBA)2錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’,4’’−トリカルボキシ−4’’’−ジドデシルメチル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:53%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C82H134N8O6RuS2:計算値:C,65.96;H,9.05;N,7.50;実測値:C,65.79;H,9.11;N,7.66。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1492.89。
式:RuL(CN)2(TBA)2錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’,4’’−トリカルボキシ−4’’’−ジドデシルメチル−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例2に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:54%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C82H134N8O6Ru:計算値:C,68.92;H,9.45;N,7.84;実測値:C,68.78;H,9.49;N,7.89。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1428.95。
式:RuL(NCS)2(TBA)錯体(ただし、Lは4,4’’’−ビス(ノナデシル)−4’,4’’−ジカルボキシ−2,2’:6’,2’’:6’’,2’’’−クォータピリジンである)の調製
表題化合物を、実施例1に記載の手順と同様の手順により調製した。収率:58%。分析した結果は次のとおりである。C78H125N7O4RuS2:計算値:C,67.39;H,9.06;N,7.05;実測値:C,67.70;H,9.11;N,7.00。MS(ESIMS):m/z:1389.8。
T.Renouard,R.−A.Fallahpour,Md.Nazeeruddin,R.Humphry,S.I.Gorelsky,A.B.P.Lever,and M.Gratzel,Inorg.Chem.41(2002)367.記載の下記の式(X):
上記表中の色素(7b)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
上記表中の色素(6b)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
上記表中の色素(4a)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
上記表中の色素(5a)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
上記表中の色素(2b)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
上記表中の色素(3b)を用いた以外は、実施例14と同様にして色素増感太陽電池を調製した。
実施例14から17、比較例1で作製した色素増感太陽電池を80℃下に置いた場合の変換効率(時刻0の変換効率を1とする)の時間変化を、グラフを用いて図2に示す。
Claims (4)
- 支持基板上に透明導電膜および半導体粒子で形成される半導体層がこの順に積層された電極と、
対電極と、
前記電極と前記対電極に挟持されたキャリア輸送層と、を含む色素増感太陽電池であって、
前記半導体層は、次の式:
ML1X2
を有する金属錯体であって、
Mは、ルテニウム、オスミウム、鉄、レニウムおよびテクネチウムからなる群より選択され、
L1は、次の式:
Xは、それぞれ独立して、NCS−、Cl−、Br−、I−、CN−、NCO−およびH2Oからなる群より選択されるリガンドである、金属錯体を担持していることを特徴とする、色素増感太陽電池。 - 前記金属錯体の前記A1〜A4は、nC 19 H 39 、nCH(C 12 H 25 ) 2 、またはnC 16 H 33 のいずれかのアルキル基であり、前記A1〜A4の2つ以上がアルキル基である場合には、該アルキル基はそれぞれ同一であっても異なってもよいことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の色素増感太陽電池。
- 前記金属錯体のMがルテニウムであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の色素増感太陽電池。
- 前記半導体層は、少なくとも1つの酸化チタン層を含む、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の色素増感太陽電池。
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JP4721755B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-15 | 2011-07-13 | シャープ株式会社 | 錯体、光電変換素子および色素増感型太陽電池 |
JP2008031090A (ja) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-02-14 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 有機スズ化合物及びその製造方法、並びに芳香族化合物誘導体の製造方法 |
KR101146668B1 (ko) | 2006-11-15 | 2012-05-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 광전 소자용 염료 및 이를 포함하는 광전 소자 |
JP5407332B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-16 | 2014-02-05 | Jsr株式会社 | クォータピリジン誘導体の製造方法及びその中間体 |
US8835756B2 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2014-09-16 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | Zinc oxide photoelectrodes and methods of fabrication |
WO2008120810A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | 化合物、光電変換素子及び光電気化学電池 |
JP2008266634A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-11-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 化合物、光電変換素子及び光電気化学電池 |
TW200915583A (en) | 2007-09-17 | 2009-04-01 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Photoelectric electrodes capable of absorbing solar energy, fabrication methods, and applications thereof |
KR20110095307A (ko) * | 2008-11-11 | 2011-08-24 | 에꼴 뽈리떼끄닉 뻬데랄 드 로잔느 (으뻬에프엘) | 염료-감응형 태양광 소자의 감응제를 위한 신규한 고정 리간드 |
JP5550238B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-07 | 2014-07-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 金属錯体色素及びこれを用いた色素増感型太陽電池 |
EP2301932A1 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-03-30 | Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Novel ligands for sensitizing dyes of dye-sensitized solar cells |
KR20120102649A (ko) | 2009-10-30 | 2012-09-18 | 막스-플랑크-게젤샤프트 츄어 푀르더룽 데어 비쎈샤프텐 에.파우. | 질소 함유 방향족 화합물 및 금속 착체 |
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JPH07500630A (ja) * | 1992-08-21 | 1995-01-19 | エコール ポリテクニーク フェデラル ドゥ ローザンヌ (エーペーエフエル) | 有機化合物 |
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