JP2019137962A - 乾式不織布 - Google Patents
乾式不織布 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2019137962A JP2019137962A JP2019021279A JP2019021279A JP2019137962A JP 2019137962 A JP2019137962 A JP 2019137962A JP 2019021279 A JP2019021279 A JP 2019021279A JP 2019021279 A JP2019021279 A JP 2019021279A JP 2019137962 A JP2019137962 A JP 2019137962A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- composite
- fiber
- fibers
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
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- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 66
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
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- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraazanium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VKFFEYLSKIYTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVGWWCXDTHXKTR-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O MVGWWCXDTHXKTR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002053 thietanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001730 thiiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001862 ultra low molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000297 undecanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1) 無機粒子と繊維との複合体を含んでなる乾式不織布であって、該複合体の繊維表面の15%以上が無機粒子によって被覆されている上記不織布。
(2) 無機粒子と繊維との複合体およびバインダーを含んでなる、(1)に記載の不織布。
(3) 無機粒子と繊維との複合体および合成繊維を含んでなる、(1)または(2)に記載の不織布。
(4) 無機粒子の平均一次粒子径が1μm以下である、(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(5) 複合体における繊維と無機粒子の重量比が5/95〜95/5である、(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(6) 複合体を構成する繊維がセルロース繊維である、(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(7) 前記セルロース繊維が木材由来のパルプである、(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(8) 無機粒子がハイドロタルサイトである、(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(9) 前記ハイドロタルサイトが、マグネシウムまたは亜鉛を2価の金属イオンとして有する、(8)に記載の不織布。
(10) 前記ハイドロタルサイトが、アルミニウムを3価の金属イオンとして有する、(8)または(9)に記載の不織布。
(11) 衛生用品に用いるための、(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(12) マスクまたはワイパーに用いるための、(1)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(13) 消臭用、抗菌用または抗ウイルス用に用いられる、(1)〜(12)のいずれかに記載の不織布。
(14) (1)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の不織布を製造する方法であって、無機粒子と繊維との複合体を含む原料から乾式で不織布を形成する工程を含む、上記方法。
本発明で使用する無機粒子と繊維との複合体は、無機粒子によってその表面が被覆された複合繊維である。特に本発明においては、繊維表面の15%以上が無機粒子によって被覆されている繊維・無機粒子複合体を使用する。
本発明の乾式不織布は、複合繊維を含む原料から乾式法により製造される。乾式不織布の製造においては、必要に応じて合成繊維、紙力剤やバインダー、充填材(填料)などをさらに添加してもよい。乾式法としては、ウェブ形成において、カード法(カーディング法)、エアレイ法、ウェブ接着において、ケミカルボンド法、サーマルボンド法、スパンレース法、ニードルパンチ法、等が挙げられる。
本発明において、繊維と複合化する無機粒子は特に制限されないが、水に不溶性または難溶性の無機粒子であることが好ましい。無機粒子の合成を水系で行う場合があり、また、複合体を水系で使用することもあるため、無機粒子が水に不溶性または難溶性であると好ましい。
本発明の乾式不織布で使用する複合体の一例として、ハイドロタルサイト(HT)と繊維との複合体について以下に説明する。本複合体は高い消臭特性を有する。
本発明においては、繊維の存在下で溶液中においてハイドロタルサイトを合成することによって、ハイドロタルサイトと繊維の複合体を製造する。
本発明において合成反応の温度は、例えば、30〜100℃とすることができるが、40〜80℃が好ましく、50〜70℃がより好ましく、60℃程度とすると特に好ましい。温度が高すぎたり低すぎたりすると、反応効率が低下しコストが高くなる傾向がある。
本発明においては、ハイドロタルサイトと繊維とを複合体化する。複合体を構成する繊維は特に制限されないが、例えば、セルロースなどの天然繊維はもちろん、石油などの原料から人工的に合成される合成繊維、さらには、レーヨンやリヨセルなどの再生繊維(半合成繊維)、さらにはセラミックをはじめとする無機繊維などを制限なく使用することができる。天然繊維としては上記の他にウールや絹糸やコラーゲン繊維等の蛋白系繊維、キチン・キトサン繊維やアルギン酸繊維等の複合糖鎖系繊維等が挙げられる。
きる。
本発明で使用する合成繊維としては、例えば、ポリエステル、ナイロンやアラミド等のポリアミド繊維、ポリオレフィン繊維、ポリウレタン繊維、アクリル繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、ビニロン、ビニリデン、ポリ塩化ビニル、等が挙げられる。なお、ポリオレフィン繊維としては、例えば、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維等が挙げられ、ポリエチレンには、高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、超低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、超高分子量ポリエチレン等が挙げられる。ポリエステル繊維としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)繊維、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート(PTT)繊維、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)繊維等を挙げることができる。ポリアミド繊維としては、例えば、ナイロン繊維、アラミド繊維等を挙げることができる。本発明において用いる合成繊維は、複合体(複合繊維)との混合性や抄紙性(搾水性、地合)の観点からして、ポリエステル系、ポリプロピレン系、ポリエチレン系の合成繊維を用いることが好適である。特に、混合性を考慮する場合は、ポリエステル系の合成繊維を使用することが好ましい。
本発明の乾式不織布においては、複合体、合成繊維以外に、必要に応じて、他の材料を一種類以上含んでもよい。他の材料の種類としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、耐熱安定剤、耐候安定剤等の安定剤、充填剤、帯電防止剤、スリップ剤、アンチブロッキング剤、防曇剤、滑剤、染料、顔料、天然油、合成油、ワックス等が挙げられる。これらは一種を用いてもよく、二種以上を併用してもよい。これらの材料の合計含有量は、乾式不織布に対し10質量%を超えない範囲であることが好ましい。
滑剤としては、例えば、オレイン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミド、ステアリン酸アミド等が挙げられる。
(1)ハイドロタルサイトと繊維の複合体の合成
ハイドロタルサイト(HT)を合成するための溶液を準備した。アルカリ溶液として、Na2CO3(和光純薬)およびNaOH(和光純薬)の混合水溶液(A溶液)を調製した。また、酸溶液として、ZnCl2(和光純薬)およびAlCl3(和光純薬)の混合水溶液(B溶液)を調製した。
・アルカリ溶液(A溶液、Na2CO3濃度:0.05M、NaOH濃度:0.8M)
・酸溶液(B溶液、ZnCl2濃度:0.3M、AlCl3濃度:0.1M)
原料の繊維として、セルロース繊維を使用した。具体的には、広葉樹晒クラフトパルプ(LBKP、日本製紙製)と針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ(NBKP、日本製紙製)を8:2の重量比で含み、シングルディスクリファイナー(SDR)を用いてカナダ標準濾水度を390mlに調整したパルプ繊維を用いた。
JIS P 8222に基づいて、合成したZn系HT複合体からマットを製造した(坪量:約100g/m2)。具体的には、Zn系HT複合体の水性スラリー(約0.5%)をろ紙(JIS P3801、定量分析用、5種B)を用いてろ過し、得られたサンプルを1MPaで5分間圧力をかけて脱水した後、50℃で2時間緊張乾燥させて、約200cm2の大きさの複合体マットを製造した。
(サンプル1:実施例)
上記Zn系HT複合体30質量部と芯鞘型複合繊維(繊維径:2デシテックス、繊維長:40mm、芯/鞘:ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレン)70質量部を混合してカード機に装入し、セミランダムウェブ法により繊維の集積層(不織ウェブ)を形成した。この不織ウェブを140℃で熱処理してサーマルボンド法で熱可塑性繊維の一部を溶融させ、乾式不織布を製造した。
Zn系HT複合体20質量部と芯鞘型繊維80質量部を原料とした以外は、サンプル1と同様にして乾式不織布を製造した。
Zn系HT複合体の代わりにパルプ繊維(複合繊維の合成に用いたクラフトパルプ、カナダ標準濾水度:390ml)を用いた以外は、サンプル1と同様にして乾式不織布を製造した。
(サンプル4:実施例)
上記Zn系HT複合体と未複合のパルプ(NBKP)を用いてそれぞれをハンマーミルで解繊し、エアレイ法により50質量部ずつを混合した不織ウェブを形成した。この不織ウェブ両面にバインダー(カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム塩)を片面あたり1.0g/m2程度塗布し、乾式不織布を製造した。
(サンプル5:実施例)
カード機を用いてレーヨン繊維(繊度1.5デシテックス、繊維長:5mm)から坪量10g/m2の不織布ウェブ(第1層)を作製した後、当該ウェブ上に坪量20g/m2となるようにZn系HT複合体をエアレイ法で供給(第2層)し、さらに第1層と同様にして作製した不織布ウェブ(第3層)を積層した。得られた積層体を搬送速度20m/分で搬送しながら、両側からウォータージェット(処理水圧7MPa)による高圧水流処理を施すことで、構成繊維同士を交絡させた40g/m2の乾式不織布を得た。
(サンプル6:比較例)
Zn系HT複合体の代わりにパルプ繊維(複合繊維の合成に用いたクラフトパルプ、カナダ標準濾水度:390ml)を用いた以外は、サンプル4と同様にして乾式不織布を製造した。
(サンプル7:比較例)
Zn系HT複合体の代わりにパルプ繊維(複合繊維の合成に用いたクラフトパルプ、カナダ標準濾水度:390ml)を用いた以外は、サンプル5と同様にして乾式不織布を製造した。
得られた乾式不織布の物性について、下記の手順に基づいて評価した。
・坪量:JIS P 8124:1998
・厚さ:JIS P 8118:1998
・密度:厚さ、坪量の測定値より算出
・透気抵抗度:JIS P 8117:2009
(1)消臭特性の評価
実験1で製造した不織布について、その消臭特性を評価した。消臭試験に供したシートは全て1gとした。
減少率(%) = (空試験の濃度−測定時の濃度/空試験の濃度)×100
(2)抗菌特性の評価
実験1で製造した不織布について、抗菌特性を評価した。抗菌性試験は、JIS L 1902に定める菌液吸収法(試験接種菌液を直接試験片上に接種する定量試験方法)にて実施した。試験菌種として黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus NBRC 12732)と大腸菌(Escherichia coil NBRC 3301)の2種類を使用し、18時間培養後の生菌数を混釈平版培養法にて測定した。基準として、標準綿布を用いた。試験手順を以下に示す。
1.試験片0.4gをバイアル瓶に入れ、試験菌液0.2ml(0.05%の界面活性剤(Tween80)を含む)を滴下後、バイアル瓶のふたをする。
2.バイアル瓶を37℃で18時間培養する。
3.洗い出し液20mlを加えて試験片から試験菌を洗い出し、洗い出し液中の生菌数を混釈平板培養法又は発光測定法により測定する。
4.下記の式に従い抗菌活性値を算出する。抗菌活性値が2.0以上とは、菌の死滅率が99%以上であることを意味する。
(3)抗ウイルス性の評価
実験1で製造した不織布について、抗ウイルス特性を評価した。抗ウイルス性試験は、JIS L 1922:2016 繊維製品の抗ウイルス性試験方法にて実施した。試験に供した複合体マットの重さは0.4g、対照試料には標準綿布を用いた。試験ウイルス種としてネコカリシウイルス(Feline calicivirus:Strain:F-9 ATCC VR-782)を使用した。試験手順を以下に示す。
1.試験片0.4gをバイアル瓶に入れ、試験ウイルス液0.2mlを滴下後、バイアル瓶のふたをする。
2.バイアル瓶を25℃で2時間静置する。
3.洗い出し液20mlを加えて試験片からウイルスを洗い出し、プラーク測定法により感染価を算出する。
4.次の式によって抗ウイルス活性値(Mv)を計算する。なお、JISでは抗ウイルス効果を、Mv≧2.0で効果が有り、Mv≧3.0で十分に効果があると定められている。
抗ウイルス活性値(Mv) = Log(Vb)−Log(Vc)
Mv:抗ウイルス活性値
Log(Vb):対照試料の2時間作用後の感染価常用対数(3検体の平均値)
Log(Vc):抗ウイルス試料の2時間作用後の感染価常用対数(3検体の平均値)
(4)評価結果
評価結果を下表に示すが、本発明に係る乾式不織布(サンプル1〜2)は、臭気成分に対して高い消臭能を示した。また、本発明に係る乾式不織布は、優れた抗菌特性および抗ウイルス特性を示した。
Claims (14)
- 無機粒子と繊維との複合体を含んでなる乾式不織布であって、該複合体の繊維表面の15%以上が無機粒子によって被覆されている上記不織布。
- 無機粒子と繊維との複合体およびバインダーを含んでなる、請求項1に記載の不織布。
- 無機粒子と繊維との複合体および合成繊維を含んでなる、請求項1または2に記載の不織布。
- 無機粒子の平均一次粒子径が1μm以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 複合体における繊維と無機粒子の重量比が5/95〜95/5である、請求項1〜4のいずれかにに記載の不織布。
- 複合体を構成する繊維がセルロース繊維である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 前記セルロース繊維が木材由来のパルプである、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 無機粒子がハイドロタルサイトである、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 前記ハイドロタルサイトが、マグネシウムまたは亜鉛を2価の金属イオンとして有する、請求項8に記載の不織布。
- 前記ハイドロタルサイトが、アルミニウムを3価の金属イオンとして有する、請求項8または9に記載の不織布。
- 衛生用品に用いるための、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- マスクまたはワイパーに用いるための、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 消臭用、抗菌用または抗ウイルス用に用いられる、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の不織布。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の乾式不織布を製造する方法であって、
無機粒子と繊維との複合体を含む原料から乾式で不織布を形成する工程を含む、上記方法。
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JP7532850B2 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-08-14 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 繊維体の製造方法および繊維体製造装置 |
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