JP2016515401A - ラットゲノムの標的改変 - Google Patents
ラットゲノムの標的改変 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
配列表の公式のコピーは、2014年4月16日に作成された、444701SEQLIST.TXTという名前のファイルを有し、15キロバイトのサイズを有するASCIIフォーマットの配列表として、EFS−Webを経由して電子的に提出され、本明細書と同時に出願されている。本ASCIIフォーマット文書に含まれる配列表は本明細書の一部であり、その全体が本明細書に参考として組み込まれる。
本発明で使用する場合、用語「胚幹細胞」または「ES細胞」は胚の中への導入に際して、成長する胚の任意の組織に寄与することが可能な、胚由来の全能性または多能性幹細胞を含む。本発明で使用する場合、用語「多能性細胞」は、2つ以上の分化細胞型に成長する能力を有する、未分化細胞を含む。
1.ラット核酸を含む標的遺伝子座
2.ラット標的遺伝子座の改変
A.標的化ベクター及び挿入核酸
i挿入核酸
ii.発現カセット
iii.標的化ベクター
iv.大型標的化ベクター
v.ヌクレアーゼ剤及びヌクレアーゼ剤用認識部位
B.標的遺伝子座内に対象のポリヌクレオチドを組み込む方法
i.細菌による相同組み換え(BHR)によるラット核酸の標的遺伝子座の改変方法
ii.多能性ラット細胞内での対象の標的遺伝子座の改変方法
iii.標的遺伝子座に複数の対象のポリヌクレオチドを組み込む方法
3.ヒト化遺伝子座
4.対象のポリヌクレオチド
5.配列の導入方法及びトランスジェニック動物の作製方法
6.細胞
A.ラット胚幹(ES)細胞
B.ラット胚幹(ES)細胞の誘導及び増殖
7.配列同一性
(a)c−Myc、Ecat1、及び/もしくはRexo1を含む1つ以上の多能性マーカーの発現の欠如;(b)Brachyury及び/もしくはBmpr2を含む中胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;(c)Gata6、Sox17及び/またはSox7を含む1つ以上の内胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;または(d)Nestin及び/もしくはPax6を含む1つ以上の神経マーカーの発現の欠如の1つ以上を特徴とする、実施形態1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
実施例
実施例1.ラットES細胞の誘導及び性質決定
1.1.ラットES細胞の性質決定
親ラットESCの生殖細胞系伝達
1.4.:ラット胚幹細胞株の核型分析
1.6:ラット胚幹細胞内での標的遺伝子組み換えの選択。
1.7.ラット胚幹細胞の分子署名
2.1:エンドヌクレアーゼ剤を使用した内因性ゲノム遺伝子座の不活性化
2.2:ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼを使用した、ラットアポリポタンパク質E(ApoE)の不活性化のためのラットESC標的化
2.3.ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼを使用した、ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γ(IL2r−γ)遺伝子座の不活性化
2.4.:CRISPR/Cas9を使用した、ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γ(IL2r−γ)の不活性化
実施例3:ラットゲノム遺伝子座の標的改変
3.1:ラットESCの標的化:ラットRosa26遺伝子座
表15 マイクロインジェクションの結果
3.2.(a)(ii).標的化ベクターによる、ラットApoEの標的化
3.2.(a)(iii).ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼと組み合わせた標的化ベクターを用いた、ラットApoEの標的化
3.2.(b)(i):大型標的化ベクター(LTC)を使用した、ラットアポリポタンパク質E(ApoE)遺伝子座の標的改変
実施例3.2.(b)(ii).大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)によるラットApoE遺伝子座の標的化
3.2.(b)(iii).ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼを組み合わせた大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)による、ラットApoEの標的化
3.3(a):ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γ(IL2r−γ)遺伝子座の標的化
3.3(b):ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γ(IL2r−γ)遺伝子座の標的改変
3.4(a).大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)による、ラットRag2遺伝子座の標的化
3.4.(b).ラットRag1及びRag2遺伝子座の標的化
実施例4.ヒト化
4.1.ラットゲノム遺伝子座のヒト化
4.2.ラット免疫グロブリン遺伝子座のヒト化
4.3(a).ヒトIL2受容体γによる、ラットIL2rgの置き換え
実施例4.3(b).ヒトIL2rgエクトドメインによる、ラットIL2rgエクトドメインの置き換え
実施例5.一覧
Claims (79)
- 多能性ラット細胞内における対象の遺伝子座の標的改変方法であって、該方法が、
(a)前記多能性ラット細胞に、5’ラットホモロジーアーム及び3’ラットホモロジーアームに隣接する挿入核酸を含む大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)を導入すること(ここで、前記5’及び3’ホモロジーアームの合計は少なくとも10kb、ただし150kb未満である);かつ
(b)前記対象の遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えを含む遺伝子組み換え多能性ラット細胞を同定すること、を含み、
ここで、前記標的遺伝子組み換えは生殖細胞系を通して伝達することが可能である、
前記方法。 - 前記標的遺伝子組み換えは二対立遺伝子である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞はラット胚幹(ES)細胞である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞はDA株またはACI株由来である、請求項1、2、または3に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞が、Dnmt3L、Eras、Err−beta、Fbxo15、Fgf4、Gdf3、Klf4、Lef1、LIF受容体、Lin28、Nanog、Oct4、Sox15、Sox2、Utf1、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、少なくとも1つの多能性マーカーを発現することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞が、以下の特徴:
(a)c−Myc、Ecat1、及び/もしくはRexo1を含む1つ以上の多能性マーカーの発現の欠如;
(b)Brachyury及び/もしくはBmpr2を含む中胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;
(c)Gata6、Sox17及び/もしくはSox7を含む1つ以上の内胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;または
(d)Nestin及び/もしくはPax6を含む1つ以上の神経マーカーの発現の欠如;
のうち1つ以上を特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記LTVECの前記5’及び3’ホモロジーアームの合計は約10kb〜約30kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約120kb、または約120kb〜150kbである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記LTVECの前記5’及び3’ホモロジーアームの合計が約16Kb〜約150Kbである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記標的遺伝子組み換えが、
(a)相同またはもしくはオーソロガス核酸配列による、内因性ラット核酸配列の置き換え;
(b)内因性ラット核酸配列の欠失;
(c)内因性ラット核酸配列の欠失
(ここで、欠失は約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、もしくは約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約400kb、約400kb〜約500kb、約500kb〜約1Mb、約1Mb〜約1.5Mb、約1.5Mb〜約2Mb、約2Mb〜約2.5Mb、もしくは約2.5Mb〜約3Mbの範囲である);
(d)約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約250kb、約250kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約350kb、もしくは約350kb〜約400kbの範囲である外因性核酸配列;
(e)相同もしくはオーソロガス核酸配列を含む外因性核酸配列;
(f)ヒト及びラット核酸配列を含むキメラ核酸配列;
(g)部位特異的なリコンビナーゼ標的配列に隣接する条件的対立遺伝子;または
(h)ラット細胞内で活性なプロモーターに作用可能に結合したレポーター遺伝子
を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記対象の遺伝子座は(i)前記5’ラットホモロジーアームに対して相補的な第1の核酸配列;及び(ii)前記3’ラットホモロジーアームに対して相補的な第2の核酸配列を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の核酸配列は少なくとも5kb、ただし3Mb未満で分離されている、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の核酸配列は、少なくとも5kb、ただし10kb未満、少なくとも10kb、ただし20kb未満、少なくとも20kb、ただし40kb未満、少なくとも40kb、ただし60kb未満、少なくとも60kb、ただし80kb未満、少なくとも80kb、ただし100kb未満、少なくとも100kb、ただし150kb未満、または少なくとも150kb、ただし200kb未満、少なくとも200kb、ただし300kb未満、少なくとも300kb、ただし400kb未満、少なくとも400kb、ただし500kb未満、少なくとも500kb、ただし1Mb未満、少なくとも1Mb、ただし1.5Mb未満、少なくとも1.5Mb、ただし2Mb未満、少なくとも2Mb、ただし2.5Mb未満、または少なくとも2.5Mb、ただし約3Mb未満で分離される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 導入工程(a)が更に、前記多能性ラット細胞内において前記標的構築物と前記対象の遺伝子座との間で相同組み換えを促進するヌクレアーゼ剤をコードする第2の核酸を導入することを含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヌクレアーゼ剤は
(a)FokIエンドヌクレアーゼに縮合したジンクフィンガー系DNA結合領域を含むキメラタンパク質;または
(b)FokIエンドヌクレアーゼに縮合した転写活性化様エフェクターヌクレアーゼ(TALEN)を含むキメラタンパク質
を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。 - 導入工程(a)が更に、前記多能性ラット細胞に
(i)クラスター化して規則的な配置の短い回文配列反復(CRISPR)関連(Cas)タンパク質をコードする第1の核酸配列に作用可能に結合した第1のプロモーターを含む第1の発現構築物、
(ii)ガイドRNA(gRNA)に結合したゲノム標的配列に作用可能に結合した第2のプロモーターを含む第2の発現構築物
を導入することを含み、
ここで、前記ゲノム標的配列はプロトスペーサー隣接モチーフ(PAM)配列により、前記3’末端に直ちに隣接させられる、
請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記対象の遺伝子座は配列番号:1のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記gRNAは、クラスター化して規則的な配置の短い回文配列反復(CRISPR)RNA(crRNA)及びトランス活性化CRISPR RNA(tracrRNA)をコードする第3の核酸配列を含む、請求項15または16に記載の方法。
- 前記Casタンパク質はCas9である、請求項15、16、または17に記載の方法。
- 前記gRNAは
(a)配列番号:2の核酸配列のキメラRNA;または
(b)配列番号:3の核酸配列のキメラRNA
を含む、請求項15、16、17,または18に記載の方法。 - 前記crRNAは配列番号:4;配列番号:5;または配列番号:6を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記tracrRNAは、配列番号:7または配列番号:8を含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 改変ラットゲノム遺伝子座であって、該遺伝子座は
(i)相同性もしくはオーソロガスヒト核酸配列の挿入;
(ii)相同性もしくはオーソロガスヒト核酸配列による内因性ラット核酸配列の置き換え;または
(iii)これらの組み合わせ
を含み、
ここで、前記改変ラットゲノム遺伝子座は生殖細胞系を通して伝達することが可能である、
前記改変ラットゲノム遺伝子座。 - 前記挿入または置き換えのサイズは約5kb〜約400kbである、請求項22に記載の改変ラットゲノム遺伝子座。
- 前記挿入または置き換えのサイズは約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約250kb、約250kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約350kb、または約350kb〜約400kbである、請求項22に記載のラットゲノム遺伝子座。
- ヒト化ラットの作製方法であって、該方法は
(a)ヒト核酸を含む標的構築物により、多能性ラット細胞内の対象の遺伝子座を標的化して、遺伝子組み換え多能性ラット細胞を形成すること;
(b)前記遺伝子組み換え多能性ラット細胞を宿主ラット胚内に導入すること;及び
(c)代理母内で前記宿主ラット胚を妊娠させること;
を含み、
ここで、前記代理母は、
(i)ヒト核酸配列の挿入;
(ii)前記対象の遺伝子座における、相同性もしくはオーソロガスヒト核酸配列によるラット核酸配列の置き換え;
(iii)ヒト及びラット核酸配列を含むキメラ核酸配列;または
(iv)これらの組み合わせ
を含む修飾遺伝子座を含むラット子孫を産み、
ここで、前記修飾遺伝子座は生殖細胞系を通して伝達することが可能である、
前記ヒト化ラットの前記作製方法。 - 前記標的構築物は大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)であり、前記LTVECの前記5’及び3’ホモロジーアームの合計は少なくとも10kb、ただし150kb未満である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記標的構築物の5’及び3’ホモロジーアームの合計は約10kb〜約30kb、約20kb〜40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、または約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約120kb、または約120kb〜150kbである、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト核酸配列は少なくとも5kb、ただし400kb未満である、請求項25、26、または27に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト核酸配列は少なくとも5kb、ただし10kb未満、少なくとも10kb、ただし20kb未満、少なくとも20kb、ただし40kb未満、少なくとも40kb、ただし60kb未満、少なくとも60kb、ただし80kb未満、少なくとも80kb、ただし100kb未満、少なくとも100kb、ただし150kb未満、少なくとも150kb、ただし200kb未満、少なくとも200kb、ただし250kb未満、少なくとも250kb、ただし300kb未満、少なくとも300kb、ただし350kb未満、または少なくとも350kb、ただし400kb未満である、請求項25、26、または27に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞はラット胚幹(ES)細胞である、請求項25〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞はDA株またはACI株由来である、請求項25〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞が、Dnmt3L、Eras、Err−beta、Fbxo15、Fgf4、Gdf3、Klf4、Lef1、LIF受容体、Lin28、Nanog、Oct4、Sox15、Sox2、Utf1、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、少なくとも1つの多能性マーカーを発現することを特徴とする、請求項25〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞が以下の特徴:
(a)c−Myc、Ecat1、及び/もしくはRexo1を含む1つ以上の多能性マーカーの発現の欠如;
(b)Brachyury及び/もしくはBmpr2を含む1つ以上の中胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;
(c)Gata6、Sox17、及び/もしくはSox7を含む1つ以上の内胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;または
(d)Nestin及び/もしくはPax6を含む1つ以上の神経マーカーの発現の欠如;
のうち1つ以上を特徴とする、請求項25〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - ヒト化遺伝子座を含む改変ラットであって、
前記ヒト化遺伝子座は
(i)相同性もしくはオーソロガスヒト核酸配列の挿入;
(ii)相同性もしくはオーソロガスヒト核酸配列による、内因性遺伝子座におけるラット核酸配列の置き換え;
(iii)ヒト及びラット核酸配列を含むキメラ核酸配列;または
(iv)これらの組み合わせ
を含み、
ここで、前記ヒト化遺伝子座は生殖細胞系を通して伝達することが可能である、
前記改変ラット。 - 遺伝子座内に標的遺伝子組み換えを含むラットまたはラット細胞であって、
前記遺伝子座はインターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座、ApoE遺伝子座、Rag1遺伝子座、Rag2遺伝子座、またはRag2/Rag1遺伝子座であり、
ここで前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)前記遺伝子座における内因性ラット核酸配列の欠失;
(b)相同性核酸、オーソロガス核酸、もしくはヒト及びラット核酸配列を含むキメラ核酸の挿入、または
(c)これらの組み合わせ
を含み、
ここで、前記標的遺伝子組み換えは前記ラット、または前記ラット細胞から成長したラットの生殖細胞系を通して伝達可能である、
前記ラットまたはラット細胞。 - (a)前記遺伝子座における前記内因性ラット核酸の前記欠失が少なくとも約10Kbである:または
(b)前記遺伝子座における前記内因性ラット核酸の前記欠失が、約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、または約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約400kb、約400kb〜約500kb、約500kb〜約1Mb、約1Mb〜約1.5Mb、約1.5Mb〜約2Mb、約2Mb〜約2.5Mb、または約2.5Mb〜約3Mbである;
(c)前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入が少なくとも約5kbである;または
(d)前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入が約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約250kb、約250kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約350kb、もしくは約350kb〜約400kbである、
請求項35に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - (a)前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、インターロイキン−2受容体γタンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(b)前記ApoE遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、ApoEタンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(c)前記Rag1遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、Rag1タンパク質の活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(d)前記Rag2遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、Rag2タンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;または
(e)前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、Rag2タンパク質活性及びRag1活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす、
請求項35または36に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、
(a)ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;
(b)ヒトインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域もしくはその一部分による、ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の置き換え;
(c)ヒトインターロイキン−2受容体γのエクトドメインによる、前記ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域のエクトドメインの置き換え;または
(d)前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座の少なくとも3kbの欠失
を含む、請求項35、36、または37に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記ApoE遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)ApoEコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;または
(b)前記ApoEコード領域を含む前記ApoE遺伝子座の少なくとも1.8kbの欠失
を含む、請求項35〜37のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記Rag2遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)Rag2コード領域全体またはその一部分の欠失;
(b)前記Rag2コード領域を含む前記Rag2遺伝子座の少なくとも5.7kbの欠失
を含む、請求項35〜37のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)Rag2コード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失、及びRag1コード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;または、
(d)前記Rag2コード領域を含む前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座の少なくとも16kbの欠失
を含む、請求項35〜37のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座、前記ApoE遺伝子座、前記Rag1遺伝子座、前記Rag2遺伝子座、または前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座において選択マーカーを含む発現カセットを挿入することを含む、請求項35〜41のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- 前記発現カセットが、前記遺伝子座において内因性プロモーターに作用可能に結合したlacZ遺伝子、及び選択マーカーに作用可能に結合したヒトユビキチンプロモーターを含む、請求項42のいずれか1つに記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- 前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座、前記ApoE遺伝子座、前記Rag1遺伝子座、前記Rag2遺伝子座、または前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えが、自己欠失性選択カセットの挿入を含む、請求項35〜43のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- 前記自己欠失性選択カセットは前記ラット細胞内で活性のプロモーターに作用可能に結合した選択マーカー遺伝子、及び雄生殖細胞特異的プロモーターに作用可能に結合したリコンビナーゼ遺伝子を含み、ここで、前記自己欠失性カセットは前記リコンビナーゼにより認識される組み換え認識部位に隣接している、請求項44に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- (a)前記雄生殖細胞特異的プロモーターはプロタミン−1プロモーターである;または
(b)前記リコンビナーゼ遺伝子はCreをコードし、かつ前記組み換え認識部位はloxP部位である、
請求項45に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。 - 前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入は、内因性インターロイキン−2受容体γプロモーター、内因性ApoEプロモーター、内因性Rag1プロモーター、または内因性Rag2プロモーターに作用可能に結合したレポーター核酸を含む、請求項35〜46のいずれか1項に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- 前記レポーター核酸は、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、mPlum、mCherry、tdTomato、mStrawberry、J−Red、DsRed、mOrange、mKO、mCitrine、Venus、YPet、強化黄色蛍光タンパク質(EYFP)、Emerald、強化緑色蛍光タンパク質(EGFP)、CyPet、シアン蛍光タンパク質(CFP)、Cerulean、T−Sapphire、ルシフェラーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、又はこれらの組み合わせを含むレポーターをコードする、請求項47に記載のラットまたはラット細胞。
- 前記ラット細胞は多能性ラット細胞またはラット胚幹(ES)細胞である、請求項35〜48のいずれか1項に記載のラット細胞。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞またはラット胚幹(ES)細胞は、
(a)DA株もしくはACI株に由来する;
(b)Dnmt3L、Eras、Err−beta、Fbxo15、Fgf4、Gdf3、Klf4、Lef1、LIF受容体、Lin28、Nanog、Oct4、Sox15、Sox2、Utf1、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを含む少なくとも1つの多能性マーカーを発現することを特徴とする;または
(c)以下の特徴:
(i)c−Myc、Ecat1、及び/もしくはRexo1を含む1つ以上の多能性マーカーの発現の欠如;
(ii)Brachyury及び/もしくはBmpr2を含む中胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;
(iii)Gata6、Sox17、及び/もしくはSox7を含む1つ以上の内胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;または
(iv)Nestin及び/もしくはPax6を含む1つ以上の神経マーカーの発現の欠如、
のうち1つ以上を特徴とする:
請求項49に記載のラット細胞。 - 多能性ラット細胞内のインターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座、ApoE遺伝子座、Rag1遺伝子座、Rag2遺伝子座、またはRag2/Rag1遺伝子座における標的遺伝子座の改変方法であって、該方法は
(a)前記多能性ラット細胞内に、前記標的遺伝子座に相同である5’及び3’ラットホモロジーアームに隣接する挿入核酸を含む標的化ベクターを導入すること、
(b)前記標的遺伝子座における標的遺伝子組み換えを含む遺伝子組み換え多能性ラット細胞を同定すること
を含み、
ここで、前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、前記多能性ラット細胞から成長したラットの生殖細胞系を通して伝達することが可能である、
標的遺伝子座の前記改変方法。 - 前記標的化ベクターは大型標的化ベクター(LTVEC)であり、ここで、前記5’及び3’ラットホモロジーアームの合計は少なくとも10kb、ただし約150kb未満である、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記標的化ベクターを前記多能性ラット細胞に導入することにより、(i)前記標的遺伝子座における内因性ラット核酸配列の欠失;(ii)前記標的遺伝子座における外因性核酸配列の挿入;または(iii)これらの組み合わせをもたらす、請求項51または52に記載の方法。
- (a)前記遺伝子座における前記内因性ラット核酸の前記欠失が少なくとも約10kbである;または
(b)前記遺伝子座における前記内因性ラット核酸の前記欠失が、約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、または約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約400kb、約400kb〜約500kb、約500kb〜約1Mb、約1Mb〜約1.5Mb、約1.5Mb〜約2Mb、約2Mb〜約2.5Mb、もしくは約2.5Mb〜約3Mbである;
(c)前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入が少なくとも約5kbである;または
(d)前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入が約5kb〜約10kb、約10kb〜約20kb、約20kb〜約40kb、約40kb〜約60kb、約60kb〜約80kb、約80kb〜約100kb、約100kb〜約150kb、約150kb〜約200kb、約200kb〜約250kb、約250kb〜約300kb、約300kb〜約350kb、もしくは約350kb〜約400kbである、
請求項53に記載の方法。 - (a)前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、インターロイキン−2受容体γタンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(b)前記ApoE遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えはApoEタンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(c)前記Rag1遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えは、Rag1タンパク質の活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;
(d)前記Rag2遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えはRag2タンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす;または
(e)前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座における前記標的遺伝子組み換えはRag2タンパク質活性及びi Rag1タンパク質活性の低下もしくは欠如をもたらす、
請求項51〜54のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;
(b)ヒトインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域もしくはその一部分による、ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の置き換え;
(c)ヒトインターロイキン−2受容体γのエクトドメインによる、前記ラットインターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域のエクトドメインの置き換え;または
(d)前記インターロイキン−2受容体γコード領域を含む前記インターロイキン−2受容体γ遺伝子座の、少なくとも3kbの欠失
を含む、請求項51〜54のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記ApoE遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)ApoEコード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;または
(b)前記ApoEコード領域を含む前記ApoE遺伝子座の少なくとも1.8kbの欠失
を含む、請求項51〜55のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記Rag2遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)Rag2コード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;または
(b)前記Rag2コード領域を含む前記Rag2遺伝子座の少なくとも5.7kbの欠失
を含む、請求項51〜55のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記Rag1/Rag2遺伝子座の前記標的遺伝子組み換えは
(a)Rag2コード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失、及びRag1コード領域全体もしくはその一部分の欠失;または、
(b)前記Rag2及びRag1コード領域を含む前記Rag2/Rag1遺伝子座の、少なくとも16kbの欠失
を含む、請求項51〜55のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記挿入核酸は、選択マーカーをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含む発現カセットを含む、請求項51〜59のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記発現カセットは、前記遺伝子座において内因性プロモーターに作用可能に結合したlacZ遺伝子、及び選択マーカー遺伝子に作用可能に結合したヒトユビキチンプロモーターを含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記挿入核酸は自己欠失性選択カセットを含む、請求項51〜60のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記自己欠失性選択カセットは、前記ラット多能性細胞内で活性のプロモーターに作用可能に結合した選択マーカー、及び雄生殖細胞特異的プロモーターに作用可能に結合したリコンビナーゼをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、ここで、前記自己欠失性カセットは前記リコンビナーゼにより認識される組み換え認識部位に隣接している、請求項62に記載の方法。
- (a)前記雄生殖細胞特異的プロモーターはプロタミン−1プロモーターである;または
(b)前記リコンビナーゼはCreをコードし、前記組み換え認識部位はloxP部位である、
請求項63に記載の方法。 - 前記遺伝子座における前記外因性核酸配列の前記挿入は、内因性インターロイキン−2受容体γプロモーター、内因性ApoEプロモーター、内因性Rag1プロモーター、または内因性Rag2プロモーターに作用可能に結合したレポーター核酸配列を含む、請求項53に記載の方法。
- 前記レポーター核酸配列は、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、mPlum、mCherry、tdTomato、mStrawberry、J−Red、DsRed、mOrange、mKO、mCitrine、Venus、YPet、強化黄色蛍光タンパク質(EYFP)、Emerald、強化緑色蛍光タンパク質(EGFP)、CyPet、シアン蛍光タンパク質(CFP)、Cerulean、T−Sapphire、ルシフェラーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、又はこれらの組み合わせを含むレポーターをコードする、請求項65に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞はラット胚幹(ES)細胞である、請求項51〜66のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記多能性ラット細胞が
(a)DA株もしくはACI株に由来する;または
(b)Oct−4、Sox−2、アルカリホスファターゼ、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを含む多能性マーカーの発現を特徴とする;または
(c)以下の特徴:
(i)c−Myc、Ecat1、及び/もしくはRexo1を含む1つ以上の多能性マーカーの発現の欠如;
(ii)Brachyury及び/もしくはBmpr2を含む中胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;
(iii)Gata6、Sox17、及び/もしくはSox7を含む1つ以上の内胚葉マーカーの発現の欠如;または
(iv)Nestin及び/もしくはPax6を含む1つ以上の神経マーカーの発現の欠如、
のうち1つ以上を特徴とする:
請求項51〜67のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記標的遺伝子座において前記標的遺伝子組み換えを同定することを更に含み、ここで、前記同定工程には、前記標的遺伝子座における対立遺伝子の改変(MOA)を評価する定量アッセイを用いる、請求項51〜68のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 導入工程(a)が更に、前記多能性ラット細胞内の前記標的ベクターと前記標的遺伝子座との間での相同組み換えを促進するヌクレアーゼ剤をコードする第2の核酸を導入することを含む、請求項51〜69のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヌクレアーゼ剤は、FokIエンドヌクレアーゼに縮合したジンクフィンガー系DNA結合領域を含むキメラタンパク質を含む、請求項70に記載の方法。
- 前記方法により、前記標的遺伝子座の二対立遺伝子の改変がもたされる、請求項71に記載の方法。
- 導入工程(a)が更に、前記多能性ラット細胞に
(i)クラスター化して規則的な配置の短い回文配列反復(CRISPR)関連(Cas)タンパク質をコードする第1の核酸配列に作用可能に結合した第1のプロモーターを含む第1の発現構築物、
(ii)ガイドRNA(gRNA)に結合したゲノム標的配列に作用可能に結合した第2のプロモーターを含む第2の発現構築物
を導入することを含み、
ここで、前記ゲノム標的配列はプロトスペーサー隣接モチーフ(PAM)配列により、前記3’末端に直ちに隣接させられる、
請求項51〜70のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記対象の遺伝子座は配列番号:1のヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記gRNAは、クラスター化して規則的な配置の短い回文配列反復(CRISPR)RNA(crRNA)及びトランス活性化CRISPR RNA(tracrRNA)をコードする第3の核酸配列を含む、請求項73または74に記載の方法。
- 前記Casタンパク質はCas9である、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記gRNAが
(a)配列番号:2の核酸配列のキメラRNA;または
(b)配列番号:3の核酸配列のキメラRNA
を含む、請求項73,74、または75に記載の方法。 - 前記crRNAは配列番号:4;配列番号:5;または配列番号:6を含む、請求項75に記載の方法。
- 前記tracrRNAは、配列番号:7または配列番号:8を含む、請求項75に記載の方法。
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