JP2014183274A - 炭化珪素半導体装置 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
【解決手段】炭化珪素半導体装置1は、炭化珪素層101を有する。炭化珪素層101にはトレンチTRが設けられている。トレンチTRは、断面視において、第1の側壁面SW1と底部BTとの交点である第1の角部C1と、第2の側壁面SW2と底部BTとの交点である第2の角部C2とを有する。第1の層81は、第2導電型領域Aを有する。断面視において、第2導電型領域Aは、第1の角部C1および第2の角部C2のいずれかを通りかつ炭化珪素層101を構成する炭化珪素結晶の<0001>方向に平行な線11と交差するように配置される。平面視において、第1の層81と第2の層82との境界面Bにおけるトレンチの全面積をSTとし、第2導電型領域の全面積をSPとしたときに、SPをSTで除した比は20%以上130%以下である。
【選択図】図1
Description
(i)本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置1は、炭化珪素層101を有する。炭化珪素層101は、第1の主面P1と、第1の主面P1と反対の第2の主面P2とを有する。炭化珪素層101は、第1の主面P1をなし第1の導電型を有する第1の層81と、第1の層81上に設けられ第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型を有する第2の層82と、第1の層81から隔てられるように第2の層82上に設けられ第2の主面P2をなしかつ第1導電型を有する第3の層83とを含む。炭化珪素層101の第2の主面P2にはトレンチTRが設けられている。
図1〜図3に示すように、本実施の形態の炭化珪素半導体装置としてのMOSFET1は、炭化珪素単結晶基板80と、エピタキシャル層101(炭化珪素層)と、ゲート絶縁膜91(ゲート酸化膜)と、ゲート電極92と、層間絶縁膜93と、ソース電極94と、ソース配線層95と、ドレイン電極98とを有する。MOSFET1は、ドレイン電極98およびソース電極94の間で600V以上の耐圧を有することが好ましい。言い換えればMOSFET2は、高耐圧を有する電力用半導体装置であることが好ましい。
(特殊面)
上述した側壁面SWは、特にpボディ層82上の部分において、特殊面を有する。特殊面を有する側壁面SWは、図7に示すように、面方位{0−33−8}を有する面S1(第1の面)を含む。言い換えれば、トレンチTRの側壁面SW上においてpボディ層82には、面S1を含む表面が設けられている。面S1は好ましくは面方位(0−33−8)を有する。
一般に、ポリタイプ4Hの炭化珪素単結晶を(000−1)面から見ると、図8に示すように、Si原子(またはC原子)は、A層の原子(図中の実線)と、この下に位置するB層の原子(図中の破線)と、この下に位置するC層の原子(図中の一点鎖線)と、この下に位置するB層の原子(図示せず)とが繰り返し設けられている。つまり4つの層ABCBを1周期としてABCBABCBABCB・・・のような周期的な積層構造が設けられている。
次に本実施の形態に係る炭化珪素半導体装置であるMOSFET1(図1)の製造方法について、以下に説明する。
(デバイス歩留りとチップサイズとの関係について)
図26を参照して、デバイス歩留りとチップサイズとの関係のシミュレーション結果について説明する。本シミュレーションでは、たとえば炭化珪素単結晶基板80の面80aの転位密度が0.1cm-2、1cm-2、10cm-2、30cm-2、50cm-2、100cm-2、500cm-2、1000m-2である条件において、デバイス歩留りとチップサイズとの関係について調べた。デバイス歩留りとは、転位がトレンチTRに到達しない確率である。またチップサイズとは、p型領域が存在しないチップの領域である。図26に示すように、同じ転位密度の場合、チップサイズが大きくなるとデバイス歩留りは小さくなる。また同じチップサイズでデバイス歩留りを比較すると、転位密度が高い方がデバイス歩留りが小さくなる。デバイス歩留りは40%程度以上であることが好ましい。
(不純物濃度Ndおよび距離Ldと、耐圧との関係について)
図27を参照して、緩和領域および下部ドリフト層の界面の耐圧と、下部ドリフト層の不純物濃度との関係について説明する。図27のシミュレーション結果に示すように、緩和領域(p型領域A)の完全空乏化が生じない程度に緩和領域の不純物ドーズ量が十分に高い場合、緩和領域および下部ドリフト層(たとえば図1のp型領域Aおよび下部ドリフト層81a)の界面の耐圧は主に、下部ドリフト層の不純物濃度Nd、および緩和領域(p型領域A)と下面P1との間の距離Ld(たとえば図1参照)によって決まる。この耐圧は、シリコン半導体装置においては600V程度(図中、破線参照)が上限となる。炭化珪素半導体装置においては、Ld≧5μmの場合、600V以上の耐圧が得られた。
(距離Ltrについて)
図29に、トレンチ型MOSFET4における距離Ltr(図28参照)と、下部ドリフト層81aおよびp型領域Aの界面に印加される電界強度Efp、トレンチTRにおいて上部ドリフト層81bに印加される電界強度Etr、ゲート絶縁膜91に印加される電界強度EOX、および、上部ドリフト層81bおよびpボディ層82の界面に印加される電界強度Epnの各々との関係のシミュレーション結果を示す。ゲート絶縁膜91の破壊は電界強度EOX=8〜10MV/cmで生じると言われているが、破壊を確実に防止するためには電界強度EOXを7MV/cm以下とすることが望ましい。この要請が距離Ltrが、4μm以下の場合に満たされた。
Claims (10)
- 第1の主面と、前記第1の主面と反対の第2の主面とを有する炭化珪素層を備え、
前記炭化珪素層は、前記第1の主面をなし第1の導電型を有する第1の層と、
前記第1の層上に設けられ前記第1の導電型と異なる第2の導電型を有する第2の層と、
前記第1の層から隔てられるように前記第2の層上に設けられ前記第2の主面をなしかつ第1導電型を有する第3の層とを含み、
前記炭化珪素層の前記第2の主面にはトレンチが設けられており、
前記トレンチは、前記第3の層および前記第2の層を貫通して前記第1の層に至る側壁面と、前記第1の層に位置する底部とを有し、
前記側壁面は、断面視において対向する第1の側壁面および第2の側壁面を有し、
前記トレンチはさらに、断面視において、前記第1の側壁面と前記底部との交点である第1の角部と、前記第2の側壁面と前記底部との交点である第2の角部とを有し、
前記第1の層は、前記底部よりも前記第1の主面側に位置しかつ前記第2導電型を有する第2導電型領域を有し、
断面視において、前記第2導電型領域は、前記第1の角部および前記第2の角部のいずれかを通りかつ前記炭化珪素層を構成する炭化珪素結晶の<0001>方向に平行な線と交差するように配置され、
平面視において、前記第1の層と前記第2の層との境界面における前記トレンチの全面積をSTとし、前記第2導電型領域の全面積をSPとしたときに、SPをSTで除した比は20%以上130%以下である、炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記第2導電型領域と前記トレンチの前記底部との距離は4μm以下である、請求項1に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記第2導電型領域と前記第1の主面との距離は5μm以上である、請求項1または2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記第1の主面に接する炭化珪素単結晶基板をさらに備えた、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記炭化珪素単結晶基板の前記第1の主面と接する面の転位密度は、50個/cm2以上5000個/cm2以下である、請求項4に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記炭化珪素単結晶基板の前記第1の主面と接する面は、{000−1}面に対して2°以上8°以下のオフ角を有する、請求項4または5に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記トレンチの前記側壁面上において前記第2の層には、面方位{0−33−8}を有する第1の面を含む表面が設けられている、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記表面は前記第1の面を微視的に含み、前記表面はさらに、面方位{0−11−1}を有する第2の面を微視的に含む、請求項7に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記表面の前記第1および第2の面は、面方位{0−11−2}を有する複合面を構成している、請求項8に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
- 前記表面は{000−1}面に対して、巨視的に62°±10°のオフ角を有する、請求項9に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。
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