EP3714101A1

EP3714101A1 - Switch

Info

Publication number: EP3714101A1
Application number: EP18792345.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Harald Loy
Original assignee: Getzner Werkstoffe Holding GmbH
Current assignee: Getzner Werkstoffe Holding GmbH
Priority date: 2017-11-21
Filing date: 2018-09-06
Publication date: 2020-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-06
Also published as: EP3798360B9; FI3798360T3; PT3714101T; PL3798360T3; ES2943310T9; EP3798360A1; AU2018371681B2; AU2018371681A1; CN114457631A; AT520697A1; WO2019100089A1; DK3714101T3; ES2897484T3; US11427970B2; AT520697B1; US20210404121A1; RU2770640C2; CN111630226A; RU2022104201A; EP3798360B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a switch (1) for a track system for rail vehicles, wherein the switch (1) has rails (2) and a sequence of sleepers (4) and, in each case on an upper side (5) of the respective sleeper (4), at least two of the rails (2) are fixed to each other in pairs opposite each other, and in each case an intermediate layer (6) is arranged between each one of the rails (2) and the respective sleeper upper side (5), and the sleepers (4) each have a sleeper pad (8) on their undersides (7), opposite their respective upper sides (5), and the sleeper pads (8) each have at least one elastomer layer (9), wherein the intermediate layers (6) each have at least one elastomer layer (10).

Description

switch

The present invention relates to a switch for a track system for

Rail vehicles, wherein the switch comprises rails and a succession of sleepers and in each case on a threshold top side of the respective threshold, at least two of the rails are fastened in pairs opposite each other and between each of the rails and the respective threshold top is arranged in each case an intermediate layer and the thresholds respectively, their threshold sides facing each other, emerging undersides each having a Schwellensohle and the threshold soles each having at least one elastomeric layer.

Turnouts in intersections represent intersections in which at least one branch track is introduced into or out of a main track. There are so-called simple points, in which a branch track is taken out of a trunk track or introduced into this. But there are also so-called

Crossroads, where a branch track crosses a trunk track and leads beyond it on both sides.

It is known in the prior art to equip tracks both in the area between points and in the area of points with elastomer layers, so as to achieve a rail sunk smoothing and vibration damping in a train crossing. It is known, for example, to arrange so-called sleepers under the sleepers. These sleepers are thus located between the threshold and a ballast bed or a fixed lane on which the respective threshold rests. Sleeper pads are known, for example, from AT 506 529 B1 and WO 2016/077852 A1. In AT 506 529 B1, for example, a threshold sole is proposed, in which on an elastic layer of the threshold sole on the side facing the threshold a tangled fiber layer and on the opposite side a Reinforcing layer and another elastic layer are attached. The random fiber layer serves to attach the sill sole to concrete

cast sleepers. The reinforcing layer on the other side of the

Sill sole limits the penetration of the gravel ballast into the sill to the desired level.

In the prior art but are also elastic intermediate layers on the

Threshold top, so between rail and threshold known. This is z. As described in EP 0 552 788 A1.

The AT 503 772 B1 shows a generic switch in at the

Threshold bottoms of the thresholds are each arranged on threshold soles with at least one elastomer layer. Between the rails and the sleepers are located in the AT 503 772 B1 intermediate layers, which are referred to in this document as a fastener. From AT 503 772 B1 it is further known to vary the softness or hardness of the threshold soling over the length of the threshold.

Thus, various approaches are known in the prior art in order to

In particular, in points for G quiet systems rail insure smoothing train to ensure that in the prior art, in each case a single elastic level used in the overall structure and optionally optimized to achieve this goal.

The object of the invention is to improve a switch of the type mentioned above in that an improved rail countersinking smoothing in a

Train crossing can be reached.

Starting from the generic state of the art, the invention proposes a switch for this purpose according to claim 1, in which also the intermediate layers each have at least one elastomer layer.

In contrast to the prior art, it is thus a basic idea of the invention, not only one but at least two, seen in the installed position, in the vertical direction spaced apart elastic planes to realize the

Rail lowering smoothing to train over the turnout to improve. An elastic plane is characterized by the at least one elastomer layer of the

Swell soles formed. A second elastic level is through the

Elastomer layers of the intermediate layers formed. The elastic properties of these elastomer layers can be matched to one another as required, in order thus to achieve a coordinated optimization by means of both elastic planes. As a result, the insulation properties of the entire system of the switch can be adapted very precisely to the various requirements occurring in the switch at different locations. The

Spring deflection can be homogenized over the course of the switch. The

Including at least one second elastic plane allows one

Fine-tune the elastic properties of the switch to each locally within the switch at different locations specially to be solved

Tasks.

In points according to the invention, both the threshold soles and the intermediate layers can each be constructed in one or more parts. Both the

Sleeper pads as well as the intermediate layers can each consist of a single elastomer layer. You can also choose several

Have elastomeric layers. In addition, the sill soles as well as the intermediate layers may not have elastic components or layers. The threshold soles may be, for example, a multi-layered construction as known from AT 506 772 B1 with two elastic layers, a reinforcing layer and a random fiber or connecting layer. The intermediate layers may, for example, in addition to at least one elastomer layer Have metal plates, as will be further exemplified in the figure description also explained.

Preferred variants of the invention provide that in the switch the

Elastomer layers of at least two different threshold soles have a different bedding modulus and / or that in the switch the elastomer layers of at least two different intermediate layers have a different stiffness. Advantageously, in the sense of the difference, it is provided that the ballast modules of the elastomer layers of the at least two different sill soles deviate from one another by an amount of at least 25% of the larger ballast modulus and / or that

Stiffnesses of the elastomer layers of at least two different

Liners differ by an amount of at least 25% of the greater stiffness.

In particular, the threshold soles may also have different hard or soft areas along the longitudinal direction of the threshold. It can be a single continuous sill, but also separate sections, which together form the sill.

The elastomer layers are, as this term suggests, layers of at least one elastomer. Elastomers are dimensionally stable but elastically deformable plastics that deform elastically under tensile and compressive loading, but then at least essentially find their way back to their original, undeformed shape. It is particularly preferred that the elastomer layer of the respective intermediate layer and / or the elastomer layer of the respective

Sling sole polyurethane or rubber or a mixture with polyurethane and / or rubber. The elastomer layers mentioned can also consist entirely of the stated materials. Rubber may be natural or synthetic rubber elastomers. Prefers it is foamed polyurethane and / or foamed rubber. Both foamed variants are preferably formed closed closed porous.

It is preferably provided that the elastomer layer of the respective sill sole has a modulus of settling in the range from 0.02 N / mm 3 (Newton per cubic millimeter) to 0.6 N / mm 3, preferably from 0.1 N / mm 3 to 0.5 N / mm 3 , more preferably from 0.1 5 N / mm 3 to 0.4 N / mm 3.

The ballast module is often used to describe the deformation behavior in the ballast track. It describes the ratio of surface pressure to associated depression. A softer material thus has a smaller one

Ballast module and vice versa. In simple terms, the ballast modulus indicates the surface pressure at which a particular depression results.

In the elastomeric layer of the respective intermediate layer, a stiffness in the range of 5 kN / mm (kilonewtons per millimeter) to 1,000 kN / mm, preferably from 10 kN / mm to 300 kN / mm, more preferably from 20 kN / mm is favorably used 200 kN / mm, provided. The stiffness could also be called spring rate or

Stützpunktsteifigkeit be designated. She describes the relationship

Support point force for lowering. For softer materials, the stiffness is lower than for relatively harder materials.

The ballast module may e.g. according to DIN 45673, edition August 2010. The stiffness can be determined according to EN 1 3146, April 2012 edition.

Using the basic principle according to the invention of the at least two elastic levels in the switch, which can be correspondingly coordinated with each other, various special tasks within the switch can be better solved than is possible in the prior art. For example be better counteracted using the basic principle of the invention at specific points in the switch a tilting of the thresholds, z. B. this is possible in particular in the frog area or in the range of short sleepers within the switch. For this purpose, it is provided in particularly preferred embodiments of the invention that the elastomer layer of the sill of a respective one of the thresholds has at least two different soft areas, wherein the harder region of the elastomer layer of the sill under a first of the rails and the softer region of the elastomer layer of

Schwellensohle is disposed under a second of the rails, wherein the first of the rails and the second of the rails spaced from each other on the

Threshold upper side of the respective threshold are fixed and the elastomer layer of the intermediate layer disposed between the first of the rails and the threshold top of this threshold and the elastomer layer of the intermediate layer between the second of the rails and the threshold top of this threshold are relatively soft relative to each other. It can therefore in addition to the known from the prior art principle, the elastomer layer of

In addition, the elastomeric layers of the intermediate layers above the threshold, that is to say on the upper side of the threshold, are designed to be of different hardness or softness at the points distanced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the threshold. It is particularly preferred that in the area over a relatively soft region of the elastomer layer of the

Sleeper also has an intermediate layer with a relatively soft elastomer layer and vice versa. In this sense, it is thus conveniently provided that the elastomer layer between the first of the rails and the

Threshold top of this threshold arranged liner harder than the elastomeric layer of the between the second of the rails and the

Threshold top of this threshold is arranged liner. By this variation of the hardnesses or softnesses both in the intermediate layer and in the threshold sole along the longitudinal direction of the threshold, can be in particularly fine coordinated manner, an improved and more homogeneous load transfer can be achieved, so as to counteract tilting of the thresholds. This variant of the basic principle according to the invention is particularly preferably used for short sleepers following the last continuous threshold, but also in the so-called frog area of the switch.

Another application of the above-mentioned basic principle of the invention in switches according to the invention can also be used to avoid leaps and bounds

Transitions in the elastic properties in the longitudinal direction of the switch so be used both in the longitudinal direction of the main track and the branch track. For this purpose, it is provided in preferred variants that, in one

Transverse longitudinal direction, preferably orthogonal, seen to the thresholds, the elastomer layers of the threshold soles of at least two of

successively arranged thresholds relative to each other different soft and also the elastomer layers of the intermediate layers on at least two of the successively arranged thresholds are designed to be different soft relative to each other, wherein in the case of a change of softness of

Elastomer layer of the sill sole of one of the thresholds to that in the

Following this step, the elastomeric layers of the intermediate layers on these two sleepers are equally soft and / or in the event of a change in softness of the elastomer layer of the intermediate layer from one of the sleepers to the next in the longitudinal direction following the elastic layers of the layers

Sleeper pads are equally soft under these two thresholds. Put simply, in this application of the basic principle according to the invention, it is therefore provided that changes in the softness in the plane of the

Thresholds are not simultaneously associated with changes in softness in the plane of the intermediate layers but these changes are offset longitudinally transversely to the thresholds by at least one threshold relative to each other.

As a result, the changes in the elastic properties along the switch can be smoothed or smeared. This principle is conveniently used in the entire turnout area applied. An overlap over several thresholds is favorable. According to this variant of the basic principle according to the invention, it is thus provided that changes in the softness or hardness in the plane of the intermediate layers are always arranged offset to changes in the softness or hardness in the plane of the threshold soling.

Another application of the basic principle of the invention may

Improvements in the so-called tongue device area of the switch are used. On the one hand, it should be noted in this so-called tongue device area of the switch that the ballast bed there is generally relatively thin, ie with a relatively small vertical extent and, in addition, the sleepers are made relatively short. On the other hand, it comes in particular in this area of the rail due to the temperature-induced expansion and contraction of the rails but also there often arranged point heaters to an accumulation of forces. Both together lead to a tendency of the tracks for lateral horizontal buckling. To counteract this tendency, the

Threshold insole in the tongue device area relatively plastic or

be made tough elastic, so as high as possible

To achieve transverse displacement resistance in ballast bed or on any other surface. On the other hand, this again leads to the elastic properties being relatively hard, even in the vertical direction. To compensate for this, it can be provided that, in particular in a tongue device region of the switch, the elastomer layer of the intermediate layer on a respective one of the sleepers is softer than the elastomer layer of the threshold soleplate below this threshold. Due to the relatively soft elastomer layer in the intermediate layer can thus a

Ensuring the required lateral displacement resistance relatively hard

Elastomer layer in the threshold sole be compensated so that in the vertical direction results in the desired overall elastic behavior.

In particular, it is advantageously provided that, in particular in one

Tongue device area of the switch, the elastomer layers of the threshold sole tough elastic having an EPM index in a range of 10% to 25%, preferably 10% to 20%, wherein the EPM index is as defined in WO 2016/077852 A1 and can be measured.

Furthermore, it is favorable if, in particular in a tongue device region of the switch, the elastomer layers of the intermediate layers have a stiffness in a range from 20 kN / mm to 200 kN / mm, preferably from 40 kN / mm to 100 kN / mm. The specified in the claims 5 to 10 preferred

Relations and properties can each be for the at least one

Elastomer layer of the threshold sole and / or the at least one elastomer layer of the intermediate layer, but also apply to the entire threshold sole and / or the entire intermediate layer.

Further features and details of preferred variants of the invention are explained below by way of example with reference to the description of the figures. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematically illustrated inventive switch in the form of a so-called simple switch in a plan view.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic vertical section along the section line AA of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a schematic vertical section along the section line BB of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic vertical section along the section line CC of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows a schematically illustrated vertical section along the section line DD of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 shows a schematic vertical section along the section line W of Fig. 1;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic vertical section along the section line ZZ from FIG.

1 and Fig. 8 shows schematically an alternative embodiment of an intermediate layer.

The switch 1 schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 in a plan view is a so-called simple switch, in which a branch track 18 opens into a trunk track 3. For the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the invention can also be implemented in so-called intersection switches, in which a branch track 18 opens into the trunk track 3 on one side and leads beyond it on the other side. As track 3 is the track

referred to, which is the most traveled. The branch track 18 is usually a less traveled track.

In front of and behind the switch the rails 2 are in pairs

mounted opposite each one of the thresholds 4. The sleepers 4 are transversely and partially even orthogonal along the entire turnout

Longitudinal direction 13 of both the trunk track 3 and the branch track 18th

arranged. The switch 1 itself has the tongue device region 14, the intermediate track region 15 and the frog region 16. in the

Tongue device area 14 are located on the tongue rail joints 23 pivotally mounted tongue rails 23. In the core portion 16 of the switch 1 is the heart piece 1 7. The intermediate track portion 15 of the switch 1 is located between the tongue device portion 14 and the

In the tongue track area 14, the outer rails 2 are also referred to as jaw rails 24 are in the inter-track area 1 5 are each rigidly mounted on the thresholds 4 intermediate rails 25.

The frog area 16 of the turnout 1 ends at the of

Tongue device region 14 opposite side with the last continuous threshold 20, which is also often referred to as LDS. Subsequently, in the area of the main track 3 as well as in the area of the branch track 18, several so-called short sleepers 21 follow, which due to the given

Space compared to those in the main track 3 and in the branch track 18 used sleepers 4 can be made one-sided shortened for reasons of space.

In the area of the heart 17, the rails 2 are often referred to as wing rails 26. The rails 2 in the region of the short sleepers 21 are often referred to as connecting rails 27. In the intermediate track area 15 and the

Heart piece area 16 can also, as is well known and drawn here, still so-called Radlenker 19 be present. The previously described construction of the switch 1 of FIG. 1 is known per se and therefore need not be explained further. The term rail 2 fundamentally encompasses all types of rails 2, regardless of whether these are specially designated and additionally provided with their own information symbol or not.

The subsequently explained FIGS. 2 to 7 are each a schematic sectional view of vertical sections taken along the above-mentioned section lines. Shown is in each case how, in the corresponding sections, the respective rails 2 rest on the threshold upper sides 5 of the sleepers 4 by means of the intermediate layers 6 and the sleepers 4 are arranged on the threshold undersides 7

Sleeper pads 8 rest on a ballast bed 28. The type of attachment of the rails 2 and the intermediate layers 6 on the thresholds 4 is not shown in the illustrations. It can be designed as in the prior art. The same applies to the attachment of the threshold soles 8 at the threshold bottoms 7 of the thresholds. 4

Instead of the ballast bed 28, a fixed substructure known per se, e.g. be present in the form of concrete slabs or the like. The threshold soles 8, especially on a solid base, not only on the

Threshold underside 7 may be arranged, but also on the side surfaces of the respective threshold 4, preferably a bit far, projecting upwards. In particular, in this case, the threshold soles 8 also referred to as sleep shoes become. These may also have known threshold shoe insert plates.

Apart from FIG. 8, both the intermediate layers 6 and the threshold soles 8 are shown as single-layered bodies in the form of the elastomer layers 10 and 9, respectively. As explained at the beginning, this does not have to be the case. Both the

Intermediate layers 6 as well as the threshold soles 8 can in addition to their

Elastomer layers 10 and 9 also have further layers, as has already been explained in the introduction and with reference to FIG.

8 is also described by way of example at least for the intermediate layer 6.

In all the figures described below, the elastomer layers 9 of the threshold soles 8 and also the elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 were hatched differently. Each type of hatching is an example of a certain hardness or softness of the respective elastomer layer 9 and 10, wherein it is purely relative to each other in the chosen representation of the ratios. In all representations, the hardest elastomer layers 9 and 10 are vertically dashed. Medium degrees of hardness or softness are diagonally dashed. The relatively softest elastomer layers 9 and 10 are characterized by a horizontal hatching.

2 shows the vertical section along the section line AA in the intermediate track area 15, in which the rails 2 are also referred to as intermediate rails 25. As explained above, there are two vertically spaced-apart elastic planes. The lower elastic plane is formed by the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8. The upper elastic level is through the

Elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 realized. By adjusting the elastic properties or the softness of the respectively used elastomer layers 9 and 10 can, generally speaking, the total elasticity along the switch 1 adapted to the locally existing requirements become. In the intermediate track region 15 according to FIG. 2, the elasticity or softness of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 is constant over the entire longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction 31 of the threshold 4. The elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 arranged on the threshold upper side 5 are harder than the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8, but are made equally soft or hard relative to one another.

Fig. 3 shows a vertical section along the section line BB of Figure 1 in

Longitudinal direction 1 3 of the switch 1 through the same threshold as FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 shows the vertical section in the Flerzstückbereich 16 of the switch 1 along the section line CC of Figure 1 and thus along a designed as a long sleeper threshold 4, which is always loaded eccentrically in the passage of a train, as the train either along the trunk track 3 or along the branch track 18 drives. This inevitably leads to a one-sided burden and thus one

Tendency to tilt the sleepers 4 in this area. To the

To counteract, the outer regions 1 1 of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 are formed harder than the central region 12 of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8. This possibility for the compensation of

Tilting effects are limited. In order to avoid overstressing these sleepers 4 in their central section, the softness in the sleeper sole 8 or its elastomer layer 9 in the region 12 must not deviate too much from the marginal regions 11. In order to still achieve an ideal softness of the support of the second rails 30 in this central region of the threshold 4, in addition, the softness of the elastomer layers 10 of

Liners 6 along the longitudinal direction 31 of the threshold 4 varies. It is thus a first example, in which it is provided that the elastomer layer 9 of the sill sole 8 of each of the sleepers 4 at least two

different soft areas 1 1 and 12, wherein the harder area 1 1 of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 under a first of the rails 29 and the softer region 12 of the elastomeric layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 is arranged under a second of the rails 30, the first of the rails 29 and the second of the rails 30 being spaced apart from each other on the threshold top 5 of the respective sill 4 and the elastomeric layer 10 being between first of the rails 29 and the threshold top 5 of this threshold. 4

arranged intermediate layer 6 and the elastomer layer 10 of the second of the rails 30 and the threshold top 5 of this threshold 4 arranged intermediate layer 6 are relatively hard relative to each other, in which case it is specifically provided that the elastomer layer 10 between the first of the rails 29 and the threshold top 5 of this threshold 4 arranged intermediate layer 6 harder than the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate between the second of the rails 30 and the threshold top 5 of this threshold 4 arranged intermediate layer 6 is.

A second example in which the softness of the elastomer layers 9 and 10 in both the sill 8 and in the intermediate layers 6 along the longitudinal direction 31 of the threshold 4 is varied is shown in Fig. 5. This is a vertical section along the section line DD from FIG. 1, that is to say a vertical section of the short sleeper 21 which immediately follows the last continuous threshold 20. These short sills 21 are prone to tilting, as they are less far above the rail 2 on one side due to the unilaterally limited space requirement

survive as on the opposite side. This tilting effect can also be counteracted with differently soft or hard areas 11 and 12 of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8. Measurements have shown, however, that although a smoothing can be achieved hereby, despite the fact that the loads introduced are still very inhomogeneous, different subsidence can thus occur in the substructure, in this case in the ballast bed 28. Again, by the additionally existing elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 so by a second elastic plane another

Fine tune the elasticity or softness in the longitudinal direction 31 along the threshold 4 can be achieved, resulting in an overall improved and more homogeneous Load transfer also in the range of one-sided shortened short sleepers 21 leads. Here too, it is preferably provided that a softer intermediate layer 6 is located over a softer region 12 of the threshold sole 8 and a harder intermediate layer 6 is located above the harder region 11 of the sleeper sole 8.

Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section parallel to the longitudinal direction 1 3 of the switch 1 and the trunk track 3 transverse to the thresholds 4. Here, the principle is realized that changes in the elasticity in the elastomer layers 9 and 10 of the threshold sole 8 and the intermediate layer 6 exclusively offset to each other, so not between the same thresholds 4 are realized. It is thus provided in FIG. 6 that, viewed in a longitudinal direction 1 3 transversely, preferably orthogonal to the thresholds 4, the elastomer layers 9 of the threshold soles 8 of at least two of the

successively arranged thresholds 4 relative to each other different soft and also the elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 are formed on at least two of the successively arranged sleepers 4 also relative to each other different soft, wherein in the event of a change of

Softness of the elastomeric layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 from one of the sleepers 4 to the threshold 4 following in the longitudinal direction 13 the elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 on these two sleepers 4 are equally soft and / or in the event of a change in softness of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 of one of the thresholds 4 to the following in the longitudinal direction threshold 4, the elastomer layers 9 of the threshold soles 8 len under these two Schwel 4 are equally soft. The fact that the changes in elasticity or softness in transitions in the two elastic planes in the longitudinal direction 1 3 offset from each other take place, are sudden changes in the elastic

Properties along the switch 1 avoided. So there is a kind

Smearing or balancing effect. In Fig. 6 this is exemplified. Seen from left to right changes between the first and the second threshold 4, first, the elasticity of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 while the elasticity of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 in the transition from the first to the second threshold 4 remains the same. From the second to the third threshold 4 then the elasticity or softness of the elastomer layer 9 in the

Threshold 8 changed while at the transition between these two

Swelling the elasticity or softness of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 remains unchanged. Between the third and fourth as well as between the fourth and fifth threshold 4 then neither the elasticity of the elastomer layer 9 nor that of the elastomer layer 10 changes, while between the fifth and sixth threshold 4 then the softness of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 changes, while the Softness of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 remains the same. In the transition from the sixth to the seventh threshold 4, the softness of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 is then changed, while in the

Softness of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 between these two thresholds 4 no longer results. This principle is advantageously realized over the entire longitudinal extent of the switch 1, that is both in the main track 3 and in the branch track 18.

In the principles described hitherto with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, it is generally favorable that, in the case of a ballast modulus of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 in the range of 0.02 to 0.2 N / mm ^3, the stiffness of the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 in FIG Range is between 5 and 150 kl \ l / mm. Is that

Bettungsmodu l the elastomeric layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 N / mm ³ , then the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 in such variants advantageously a stiffness in the range of 10 to 200 kN / mm. On the other hand, if the modulus of the bedding modulus of the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 is in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 N / mm ³ , then the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 in the variants mentioned advantageously has a stiffness in the range from 15 to 250 kN / mm on.

Fig. 7 shows the section ZZ of Fig. 1 in the tongue device area 14. Zur

Ensuring a correspondingly high transverse displacement resistance between the Threshold 4 and the ground, here in the form of ballast bed 28, come here conveniently thresholds 8 are used, the

Elastomer layers 10 have toughened properties. The EPM index of the elastomer layers 9 of the threshold soles 8 in this range is favorably in the range between 10% and 25%, preferably between 10% and 20%. The

Bedding modulus of the elastomer layers 9 of the threshold soles 8 in this

Tongue device region 14 is conveniently in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 N / mm ³ . In order to still achieve a sufficiently soft storage of the rails 2 in the vertical direction, are in this tongue device area 14 the

Intermediate layers 6 conveniently designed to be correspondingly soft. The

Elastomer layers 10 of the intermediate layers 6 have a favorable here

Stiffness in the range of 20 to 200 kN / mm, preferably from 40 to 100 kN / mm, on. Overall, it is thus advantageously provided in the tongue device area 14 of the switch 1 that the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 on a respective one of the sleepers 4 is softer than the elastomer layer 9 of the threshold sole 8 below this threshold 4.

In the sections shown so far, the intermediate layer 6 consists in each case of a single elastomer layer 10. As already explained at the outset, however, the intermediate layer 6 can also be constructed in multiple layers and from different materials.

Such an example is shown in FIG. Here, the intermediate layer 6 in addition to the elastomer layer 10, a metal plate 32. On the metal plate 32, the rail 2 is fixed. Such metal plates 32 may, for. B. are used to the surface with which the elastomer layer 10 of the intermediate layer 6 is pressed to

enlarge. Of course, there are numerous other variations, such as the intermediate layer 6 may be multi-layered. This also applies to the threshold sole 8, reference being made in particular to the prior art already mentioned at the outset, which shows multilayered threshold soles 8. First of all the reference numbers:

1 turnout 17 centerpiece

2 rail 20 18 branch track

3 Stammgleis 19 Radlenker

4 threshold 20 LDS

5 Threshold Top 21 Short Threshold

6 intermediate layer 22 tongue rails

7 Threshold underside 25 23 Tongue rail joint

8 sill sole 24 cheek splints

9 Elastomer layer 25 intermediate rails

10 Elastomer layer 26 wing rails

1 1 area 27 connecting rails

12 area 30 28 gravel bed

13 longitudinal direction 29 first rail

14 tongue device region 30 second rail

15 intermediate track section 31 longitudinal direction

16 center piece area 32 metal plate

Claims

claims

1 . Switch (1) for a track system for rail vehicles, wherein the switch (1) rails (2) and a sequence of sleepers (4) and in each case on a threshold top (5) of the respective threshold (4) at least two of the rails (2) are mounted opposite each other in pairs and between each of the rails (2) and the respective threshold top (5) each an intermediate layer (6) is arranged and the thresholds (4) each on their respective threshold top sides (5) opposite threshold undersides

(7) each having a Schwellensohle (8) and the threshold soles (8) each have at least one elastomer layer (9), characterized

characterized in that the intermediate layers (6) each have at least one

Elastomer layer (10).

2. switch (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the switch (1) the elastomer layers (9) of at least two different threshold soles

(8) have a different bedding modulus and / or that in the switch (1) the elastomer layers (10) of at least two

different intermediate layers (6) have a different stiffness.

3. switch (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the

Elastomeric layer (9) of the respective sill (8) has a modulus of settling in the range from 0.02 N / mm 3 to 0.6 N / mm 3, preferably from 0.1 N / mm 3 to 0.5 N / mm 3, particularly preferably from 0, 15 N / mm3 to 0.4 N / mm3, and / or that the elastomer layer (10) of the respective intermediate layer (6) has a stiffness in the range of 5 kN / mm to 1000 kN / mm, preferably 10 kN / mm to 300 kN / mm, more preferably from 20 kN / mm to 200 kN / mm.

4. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elastomer layer (10) of the respective intermediate layer (6) and / or the

Elastomer layer (9) of the respective sill sole (8), preferably

foamed, polyurethane or rubber or a mixture with, preferably foamed, polyurethane and / or rubber or consists thereof.

5. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elastomer layer (9) of the threshold sole (8) of a respective one of the thresholds (4) at least two different soft areas (1 1, 12), wherein the harder region (1 1) of the elastomeric layer (9) of the sill (8) under a first of the rails (2, 29) and the softer region (12) of the elastomer layer (9) of the sill (8) under a second of the rails (2 , 30), wherein the first of the rails (2, 29) and the second of the rails (2, 30) spaced from each other on the threshold top (5) of the respective threshold (4) are fixed and the elastomer layer (10) between the first of the rails (2, 29) and the threshold top (5) of this threshold (4)

arranged intermediate layer (6) and the elastomer layer (10) between the second of the rails (2, 30) and the threshold top (5) of this threshold (4) arranged intermediate layer (6) are relatively soft relative to each other.

6. switch (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the

Elastomeric layer (10) of the between the first of the rails (2, 29) and the threshold top (5) of this threshold (4) arranged intermediate layer (6) harder than the elastomer layer (10) between the second of the rails (2, 30) and the threshold top (5) of this threshold (4) arranged

Liner (6) is.

7. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, seen in a longitudinal direction (13) transversely, preferably orthogonal to the sleepers (4), the elastomer layers (9) of the threshold soles (8) of at least two of the successively arranged thresholds (4) relative to each other different soft and also the elastomer layers (10) of the intermediate layers (6) on at least two of the successively arranged thresholds (4) are also formed differently soft relative to each other, wherein in case of a change of softness of the elastomer layer (9)

Sleeper (8) from one of the thresholds (4) to the longitudinal direction (1 3) subsequent threshold (4) the elastomer layers (10) of the intermediate layers (6) on these two thresholds (4) are equally soft and / or If there is a change in the softness of the elastomer layer (10) of the intermediate layer (6) from one of the sleepers (4) to the threshold (4) following in the longitudinal direction (13), the elastomer layers (9) of the threshold soles (8) under these two thresholds (4) are equally soft.

8. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in particular in a tongue device region (14) of the switch (1), the elastomer layer (10) of the intermediate layer (6) on a respective one of the thresholds (4). softer than the elastomer layer (9) of the threshold sole (8) below this threshold (4).

9. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, in particular in a tongue device region (14) of the switch (1), the elastomer layers (9) of the threshold sole (8) tough elastic with an EPM index in one Range of 10% to 25%, preferably from 10% to 20%, are formed.

10. switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, in particular in a tongue device area (14) of the switch (4), the elastomer layers (10) of the intermediate layers (6) has a rigidity in a range of 20 kN / mm to 200 kN / mm, preferably from 40 kN / mm to 100 kN / mm.