EP0940512B1 - Slab-shaped layered fire protection element - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire retarding panel has a sandwich construction with the two outer panels (2,3) of a porous glass granulate for the flame resistance and with the inner layer (4) for gas sealing e.g. made of gypsum fiber or calcium silicate. The edges of the outer layers are contained in profiled edging strips (5,6). The outer edges of the inner layer are set back inside the sandwich to take a jointing strip (13) which links adjacent panels. No external frame sections are required.

Description

The invention relates to a plate-shaped fire protection element in sandwich construction with at least three together connected layers, which is subject to fire exposure withstands a front and a back, in particular for a ceiling or wall in a building.

Such a fire protection element is from DE 40 36 735 C2 known. There are two panels made of flame retardant or non-combustible material in parallel and at a distance arranged from each other, being between the plates a U-shaped traverse is attached. The legs of the U-shaped Traverse lie on the plates, whereas the Bridge defines the height of the space between the plates. Because of this design, the well-known fire protection element a high density and therefore need one particularly complex and stable support structure for Installation on a ceiling. In addition, the overall height of the fire protection element large, what when installed in a Building requires large suspension heights, and the fire protection element is not sound absorbing.

A plate-shaped fire protection element is also known, which is bordered with a U-profile, that over the entire height of the plate element and around this runs all around. An adjustment of the plate element structural conditions z. B. by shortening is not possible.

DE-U-8 905 439 is a sandwich construction manufactured fire protection element known. The present invention is based on the object plate-shaped fire protection element of the type mentioned above to create a high mechanical with low weight Has stability and easy and inexpensive to manufacture and is easy to install in a building.

This object is achieved in that two outer layers and an intermediate middle layer as a plate are formed that the edge region of the two outer Layers at least on two opposite sides is each bordered with an angle profile and that the Layers are interconnected, the outer Have layers of expanded glass granulate or pearlite and the middle layer prevents the passage of gases is trained. In contrast to the known devices exhibits the fire protection element according to the invention the sandwich structure in connection with the angle profiles, enclose the edge areas of the outer layers, one particularly high mechanical stability with low Density. The height of the fire protection element is special small and requires little installation space.

A passage of fire gases through the fire protection element is prevented especially with the help of the middle layer, with which the two outer layers the weight of the fire protection element can advantageously be reducing porous.

Each individual solid of the expanded glass granulate or Perlite of the outer layers has a high proportion of pores, which also gives the fire protection element good insulation. When exposed to fire, the outside sinter plate-shaped layers superficial and thus protect the Layers arranged inside the fire protection element. It is also due to the equipment of the outer panels with expanded glass granulate or pearlite a high degree of sound absorption guaranteed. This is especially of Advantage if the fire protection element z. B. in corridors and Escape routes from buildings is installed. A halls in these gears are thus avoided.

Because the outer layers are each separated with an angle profile are provided, these profiles are also thermal from each other through the intermediate middle layer Cut. A transfer of fire heat to that of the fire opposite side of the fire protection element does not find instead of. In addition, the fire protection element in a Installation in a building on site by saw cutting in simple Way adapted to the space requirements can be dispensed with an expensive training of friezes become.

According to an advantageous development of the invention Long sides of the outer layers with an angle profile bordered. In this way, the fire protection element given particularly high rigidity in that the angle profiles over a long length on the outer layers are attached.

The weight of the fire protection element is particularly low, if preferably at least two of the layers by means of one Adhesive are connected. It is sufficient if the adhesive is only partial, e.g. B. in a grid pattern, is placed between the layers. The adhesive could be flame retardant; the fire protection effect will but especially reinforced when the glue is non-flammable is.

It is particularly advantageous if at least two of the Layers by screwing or riveting are connected. This makes one not only powerful, but also form-fitting connection between the layers. By bracing the layers against each other a particularly high strength is achieved.

The fire protection element is opposite to a passage from Gases particularly dense if according to another advantageous one Development of the invention, the middle layer Gypsum fiber board or a calcium silicate board is. Gypsum fiber boards and calcium silicate plates are also special inexpensive to manufacture.

One could imagine that the plate-like layers have the same external dimensions and two or more To install fire protection elements abutting in a building are. To also in the intermediate areas of the fire protection elements to have a fire protection effect then the outer edges of the fire protection elements z. B. with a Fire protection compound should be provided, which under the influence of heat, d. H. in the event of a fire, swells or foams and so the area between two fire protection elements closes. Applying the fire protection compound the outer edges of the fire protection element is pronounced consuming. It is therefore of particular advantage if the middle layer has smaller external dimensions than the outer layers and if on at least one the middle of the outer edges of the fire protection element Layer forming a recess opposite the outer one Layers is set back. In this recess z. B. a material swelling in the event of fire.

The material can be easily inserted into the recess insert because it flows out or away through the groove-shaped Design of the recess is prevented.

However, the manufacture of the fire protection element is preferred as well as its installation in the Recess a spring element insertable. The spring element could be made of any fire protection material. A homogeneous layer structure and thus a uniform one However, it creates the protective effect of the fire protection element Of particular advantage if the spring element Gypsum fiber element or a calcium silicate element. On Gypsum fiber element or a calcium silicate element as a spring element is also particularly inexpensive.

According to another advantageous development of the invention is at least one of the angle profiles in cross section L or U shaped. This makes the profile particularly stiff a transverse load and ensures about it also good protection of the edge of each of the Profile edged plate-shaped layer. The installation of the Profile is easier if the legs of the angle profile each have a different length. is preferably the longer leg of the angle profile on one area facing the middle layer one of the outer Layers arranged, then the middle layer additionally stabilized. A particularly effective edge protection of the outer plates is given if according to one another advantageous development of the invention the shorter Leg of the L-shaped angle profile or a die Leg connecting web of the U-shaped angle profile at least part of the edge area of one of the outer Layers.

It is particularly advantageous if the screw connection or Riveting at least one of those facing the middle layer Reaches through the leg of the angle profiles. To this Not only are the plate-shaped layers safe interconnected but the stability of the whole Fire protection element is due to the inclusion of the angle profiles in the screwing or riveting significantly increased.

A protrusion of connecting components from the fire protection element is advantageously avoided if at least one of the outer layers in the area of the screw connection or riveting a recess for receiving a Has screw or rivet head.

It when the recess with a Fire protection compound is closed. This will both the screw or rivet head as well as the inside Layers of the fire protection element against direct flame exposure protected.

According to another advantageous development of the invention shows the fire protection element on two opposite Sides on cones, the cones being a common one Form swivel axis. In this way it is possible the fire protection element swivels in suitable storage locations to attach a wall or ceiling structure, so that it can be folded down around the pivot axis if necessary can and therefore a behind the wall or the ceiling Space, e.g. B. for maintenance work on supply lines in a building that is accessible.

One is particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture Attach the pegs to the fire protection element when the Pin in an area designed as a receptacle a leg of one of the angle profiles are arranged. An assembly of additional fasteners or storage elements in this case it is advantageous for the cones unnecessary.

Fig. 1

einen Teilbereich eines erfindungsgemäßen Brandschutzelementes in einer geschnittenen Ansicht,

Fig. 2

einen Teilbereich zweier weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Brandschutzelemente in einer geschnittenen Ansicht,

Fig. 3

ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Brandschutzelement in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Fig. 4

einen Teilbereich des Brandschutzelementes aus Fig. 3 in einer geschnittenen Ansicht entlang Linie IV-IV und

Fig. 5

ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Brandschutzelement in einer geschnittenen Ansicht.

The invention allows numerous embodiments. Four of them are described below with reference to the accompanying drawing. In this shows:

Fig. 1

a partial area of a fire protection element according to the invention in a sectional view,

Fig. 2

a partial area of two further fire protection elements according to the invention in a sectional view,

Fig. 3

another fire protection element according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 4

a partial area of the fire protection element of FIG. 3 in a sectional view along line IV-IV and

Fig. 5

a further fire protection element according to the invention in a sectional view.

In Fig. 1 is a portion of a plate-shaped fire protection element 1 shown, the two outer, as plates formed layers 2, 3 and an intermediate, also designed as a medium plate Layer 4 has. The plate-like layers 2-4 are sandwiched together and by means of a partially applied and non-combustible adhesive 11 connected with each other.

The outer layers 2, 3 are fire protection plates made of inorganic bound expanded glass granules, the beyond have sound-absorbing properties. The middle layer 4 is formed and prevented by a gypsum fibreboard a passage of fire gases through the fire protection element 1. Due to the symmetrical layer structure of the fire protection element 1 also with large plates at bridging distances, e.g. B. in an order of magnitude of 2400 mm, may occur Deflection of the plates is largely prevented.

It can be seen that an edge region of the one lying up here outer layer 2 of an L-shaped angle profile 5 and an edge region of the layer 3 lying below is bordered by a U-shaped angle profile 6. The Angle profiles 5, 6 give the fire protection element 1 a high mechanical stability and ensure protection the edges of the fire protection element 1 before transport and Bearing damage.

The angle profile 5 has a shorter leg 17 and one longer leg 14, the shorter leg 17th an outer edge area of the top Layer 2 covers and the longer leg 14 on an inner, the area of the outer layer facing the middle layer 4 Layer 2 is arranged.

That enclosing an edge region of the layer 3 lying below U-shaped angle profile 6 encompasses this layer 3 in the way that a longer leg 15 on one of the middle Area 4 facing layer, a shorter leg 18 on a lower outer region and one of the legs 15, 18 connecting web 20 on an outer edge region the plate 3 is arranged.

The outer panels 2, 3 and the gypsum fibreboard in between 4 are connected by a screw 7. For this purpose, the underlying plate 3 has a recess 8 in which a screw 9 is inserted. The screw 9 braced - the legs 14, 15 of the angle profiles 5, 6 sweeping - the outer plates 2, 3 against each other, whereby the middle layer 4 is clamped in between; Consequently the plates 2 - 4 are non-positive and positive connected. A screw head 24 is in the recess 8 sunk and from a closing the recess 8 Fire protection mass 10 covered. The screw head 24 is thus protected from direct flame in the event of fire.

An embodiment of two arranged side by side Fire protection elements is shown in Fig. 2, wherein - how also in the other figures - each corresponding Components are provided with the same reference numerals.

A middle plate-shaped layer 4 has smaller ones here External dimensions as outer plate-shaped layers 2, 3 and forms a recess 23 opposite the outer Layers 2, 3 set back. In the corresponding Recesses 23 of the adjacent fire protection elements is a spring element filling the recesses 13 inserted. The spring element 13 does not create only mechanical support of the fire protection elements against each other, but also creates a continuous fire protection area without having to be covered or filled in separately Transition areas.

A bordering area of the upper outer layer 2 Angle profile 12 is U-shaped, with a longer leg 16 on one of the middle layer 4 facing Area of the plate 2 is arranged. The thigh 16 thus also forms a wall of the recess 23 like a leg 15 of an edge region of the plate 3 edging angle profile 6. Another wall of the recess 23 is formed by an outer edge of the plate 4. A shorter leg 19 of the angle profile 12 is in the plate 2 sunk so that the leg 19 flush with closes the outer surface of the plate 2 and therefore no protruding or protruding interfering components are present on plate 2. One of the legs 16, 19 connecting web 21 faces the outer surface of the plate 2 towards a beveled area 22. Are connected the plates 2 - 4 by means of an only schematically indicated here Screw connection 7.

Fig. 3 shows a rectangular fire protection element 1, the its two transverse sides each with two pins 25, 32 and 26, 31 is provided. The attachment of the cones is shown using the example of the pin 25 in Fig. 4 clearly, the one Sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Fig. 3. On enclosing a plate-shaped layer 2 lying above Angle profile 29 is one in one end region middle layer 4 facing leg 28 as a circular Recording 27 curved. In the receptacle 27 is the pin 25 inserted, the central axis of which forms a pivot axis 30. On this pivot axis 30 is also the one on the opposite Transverse side of the fire protection element 1 located Pin 26 arranged. This way it is possible to do that Fire protection element 1 swiveling in a suitable holder z. B. on a substructure of a ceiling Hanging structure. Can be used for locking in the holder the pins have a notch.

The fire protection element is e.g. B. for maintenance work Cable or supply ducts can be folded down from the ceiling, but it is still held by this. For that you can the pins of the fire protection element in their recordings be slidably mounted against a spring. To fold down the fire protection element is then along one of its Long sides raised, then the corresponding, each arranged on a transverse side against the pin they pressed the supporting spring and finally the element swung.

In a fire protection element 1 shown in FIG. 5 a plate-shaped outer layer 2 lying here together with a plate-shaped middle layer 4, which Layers 2, 4 have the same external dimensions, opposite an outer plate-shaped one lying down here Layer 3 forming a first paragraph 35 by a distance A. laterally offset. The outside dimensions of the below lying outer layer 3 correspond approximately to the outer dimensions the top and middle layers 2, 4, so that on the opposite of the first paragraph 35 Side of the fire protection element 1, a second paragraph 36 is formed, the distance B between the outer edges the top and middle layers 2, 4 and layer 3 below. The distances A, B can have an identical dimension, but it is for assembly overlapping fire protection elements side by side to compensate for tolerances favorable if the measure of one Distance is slightly less than the measure of the other distance; z. B. can with a total width C of the fire protection element 1 of approximately 405 mm the distance A 10 mm and the distance B is 8.5 mm.

The outer layer 3 below is on both long sides bordered by an L-shaped angle section 5, whereas the top outer layer 2 on its long sides on the one hand from a U-shaped angle profile 6 and opposite framed by a U-shaped angle section 33 is. The U-shaped angle profile 33 is on the side of the arranged first paragraph 35 and has a web 34, which is angled to the longitudinal axis of layer 2 in such a way is that the outer flat surface of layer 2 is slightly smaller than that facing the middle layer 4 inner plane surface of layer 2.

The outer layers 2, 3 of the fire protection element 1 after Fig. 5 have expanded glass granules or pearlite, whereas the middle layer 4 is a gypsum fiber or calcium silicate board is.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

Fire protection element

2, 3 -

outer layer

4 -

middle layer

5 -

Angle profile, L-shaped

6 -

Angle profile, U-shaped

7 -

screw

8th -

recess

9 -

screw

10 -

Fire protection compound

11 -

adhesive

12 -

Angle profile, U-shaped

13 -

spring element

14, 15, 16 -

longer leg angle profile

17, 18, 19 -

shorter leg angle profile

20, 21 -

Bridge angle profile

22 -

sloping land area

23 -

recess

24 -

screw head

25, 26 -

spigot

27 -

admission

28 -

leg

29 -

angle section

30 -

swivel axis

31, 32 -

spigot

33 -

Angle profile, U-shaped

34 -

Bridge angle profile

35, 36 -

paragraph

A, B -

distance

C -

overall width

Claims (17)

1. A panel-type fire protection component of sandwich construction comprising at least three layers which are joined together, said component being resistant to the action of fire from a front side and from a rear side, in particular for a ceiling or a wall in a building, characterised in that two outer (2, 3) layers and an interposed middle (4) layer are in the form of a panel, in that the edge region of the two outer layers (2, 3) is surrounded at least on two opposing sides by an angle section (5, 6, 12, 29, 33) and in that the layers (2, 3, 4) are joined together, wherein the outer layers (2, 3) contain expanded-glass granulate or perlite and the middle layer (4) is formed so as to prevent the passage of gases.
2. A fire protection component according to claim 1, characterised in that longitudinal sides of the outer layers (2, 3) are surrounded by an angle section (5, 6, 12, 29, 33).
3. A fire protection component according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least two of the layers (2, 3, 4) are joined by means of an adhesive (11).
4. A fire protection component according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two of the layers (2, 3, 4) are joined by means of a screw connection (7) or a riveted connection.
5. A fire protection component according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the middle layer (4) is a gypsum fibre panel or a calcium silicate panel.
6. A fire protection component according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the middle layer (4) has smaller external dimensions than the outer layers (2, 3) and in that, on at least one of the outer edges of the fire protection component (1), the middle layer (4) is set back in relation to the outer layers (2, 3) so as to form a recess (23).
7. A fire protection component according to claim 6, characterised in that a resilient component (13) is insertable into the recess (23).
8. A fire protection component according to claim 7, characterised in that the resilient component (13) is a gypsum fibre component or a calcium silicate component.
9. A fire protection component according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the angle sections (5, 6, 12, 33) is L-shaped or U-shaped in cross-section.
10. A fire protection component according to claim 9, characterised in that the arms (14, 17; 15, 18; 16, 19) of the angle section (5; 6; 12; 33) each have a different length.
11. A fire protection component according to claim 10, characterised in that the longer arm (14; 15; 16) of the angle section (5; 6; 12; 33) is arranged on one of the outer layers (2, 3) in a region facing the middle layer (4).
12. A fire protection component according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the shorter arm (17) of the L-shaped angle section (5) or a crosspiece (20; 21; 34) connecting the arms of the U-shaped angle section (6; 12; 33) covers at least part of the edge region of one of the outer layers (2, 3).
13. A fire protection component according to any one of claims 4 to 12, characterised in that the screw connection (7) or the riveted connection extends through at least one of the arms (14; 15; 16) of the angle sections (5; 6; 12), said arms (14; 15; 16) facing the middle layer (4).
14. A fire protection component according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterised in that at least one of the outer layers (2, 3) has a recess (8) in the region of the screw connection (7) or the riveted connection for receiving a screw head (24) or rivet head.
15. A fire protection component according to claim 14, characterised in that the recess (8) is sealed with a fire protection compound (10).
16. A fire protection component according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fire protection component (1) has a pin (25, 26) on two opposing sides, the pins (25, 26) forming a common pivoting axis (30).
17. A fire protection component according to claim 16, characterised in that the pins (25, 26) are each arranged in a region of an arm (28) of one of the angle sections (29), said region being formed as a mounting (27).

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