EP0708298B1 - Heating appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The process includes an afterburning of the flue gas which is fed into an afterburning chamber with admixture of a secondary air. The primary flue discharge (14) takes place from a deep point of the combustion chamber. Flue gases are added to the primary flue gas from a higher secondary flue discharge (15) during its flow into the afterburning chamber (13) via a first flue gas return duct (11). Pref. the admixture of the flue gases (4) of the first return duct and of the secondary air (5) into the primary flue gas is carried out by exhausting such that the primary flue gas passes through a nozzle system, prior to reaching the afterburning chamber.

Description

The invention relates to a method for burning in particular solid Fuels, as well as a corresponding device.

Solid fuels are used in many small systems as lockable fireplace inserts etc. used for heating living spaces, often also the open one Operation is desired so that the visual experience of the open fire can be enjoyed.

Solid fuels such as wood waste, straw, become more combustible in industrial plants Burned garbage on a large scale, using only energy and burning with the lowest possible pollutant emissions in the foreground stand.

To both improve the energy yield and especially the pollutant content To reduce the flue gases, it is already known to reduce the flue gases not to be discharged directly to the environment, but first in an afterburner under additionally supplied combustion air, the so-called Secondary air to be burned again, since only solid matter burns in the primary combustion chamber as a rule, the combustion is not yet sufficiently complete expires, and therefore still very many in the outflowing smoke gases flammable, not yet oxidized particles are contained, including in there are comparatively high levels of substances to be classified as pollutants.

From US Pat. No. 2,965,052 it is known that the primary exhaust of the flue gases in the afterburner from a relatively low point in the combustion chamber 2 to perform, and this flue gases of the primary exhaust a first exhaust gas recirculation to add flue gases that are relative secondary fume cupboard can be removed from the combustion chamber. there the exhaust gases of the first exhaust gas recirculation in front of the or the openings in the partition between the combustion chamber and afterburner the smoke gases of the Primary fume hood fed into the combustion chamber.

Furthermore, a heating device is from the German utility model DE-U-9201234 known without an exhaust gas recirculation, in which the primary exhaust of the Flue gases into the afterburner also from a relatively deep one Point of the combustion chamber is carried out, the flue gases of the primary exhaust a nozzle arrangement before reaching the afterburning chamber pass through and secondary air at a distance from the nozzle assembly Point is admixed.

It is the object of the present invention to admix the flue gases first exhaust gas recirculation and the secondary air into the flue gases of the primary exhaust to improve for an optimal combustion process in the afterburner, so that a high energy yield of the fuel and a low pollutant content of the flue gases to be released into the environment is reached.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 4 solved. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

Especially with heating points that are operated in living rooms, even with closed ones - Because of existing glass - front door the visual experience of Flames usually flickering upwards are not caused by the combustion technology Improvements are diminished.

To achieve this, the primary fume hood, through which the majority of the flue gases withdrawn from the combustion chamber and fed to the afterburning chamber, either arranged relatively low on the back wall, or directly in the floor the combustion chamber, preferably below the fuel. Because of this this is Primary print virtually invisible to the viewer, as he is always in the line of sight is covered by the fuel and by the flames themselves.

This main part of the flue gases is on the way from the combustion chamber to the After-combustion chamber is supplied with flue gas again via a first exhaust gas recirculation, which the combustion chamber - in a smaller compared to the primary fume cupboard Proportion - is withdrawn via a secondary deduction, if possible in one high point of the combustion chamber is arranged. This flue gas extraction The secondary deduction causes a sufficiently large part the flames still is directed upwards, and the visual fire experience is almost unaffected is maintained.

On the other hand, if the secondary deduction were not made, depending on the Primary deduction applied vacuum - practically the entire amount of flame Strive directly for the primary deduction, i.e. drift flat backwards or extend down through the fuel. If the primary deduction main part of the flue gases removed from the combustion chamber on its Passes through a nozzle arrangement in the course of the afterburning chamber a negative pressure due to narrowing of the cross-section and acceleration of these flue gases is generated, the mixing of the flue gases from the first Flue gas recirculation and the secondary air in the area of the nozzle arrangement happen without arranging additional energy sources such as a fan, etc. what a very simple, less prone to failure and optimal results in low energy consumption for the heating device.

Likewise or in addition, the afterburner can also be due to the suction effect of the connected fireplace compared to the combustion chamber be used to on the one hand the flue gases from the primary exhaust to Let the afterburner flow quickly, and on the other hand through it alone Flow rate the secondary air supplied laterally in these flue gases as well as sucking in the flue gases of the first exhaust gas recirculation.

In addition, the flue gases that enter the combustion chamber through the secondary exhaust removed and passed on via the first exhaust gas recirculation, during the course this relatively long way through a second exhaust gas recirculation Flue gas can be supplied, which has already passed through the afterburner and strives for deduction. This will further reduce pollutants and an increase in the energy yield of the heater is achieved. There under among other things, the pressure difference between the afterburner and the degree of Intake and admixing of secondary air and exhaust gases from the first Exhaust gas recirculation affects, should preferably in the afterburner existing negative pressure can be controlled with respect to the combustion chamber, in particular by changing the passage area from the afterburner to the extraction of the Heater.

In order to further increase the energy yield of the heating device, one of the Boundary surfaces of the afterburner are cooled by air, Water or other heat transfer medium with lower Temperature is flowed, whereby the heated Heat transfer medium can also be used for heating purposes.

In addition, there is a particularly compact and thermally favorable Design of the heating device, if the afterburner is immediately next to the combustion chamber, since then the partition is not insulated must be, and preferably the afterburner with the combustion chamber one has the largest possible separation area in common. This is for example with one standing directly behind the combustion chamber, relative in depth narrow combustion chamber, which has the additional advantage that the Introduction of the flue gases into the afterburner in the lower area and one Connection of the afterburner to the fume cupboard via a control flap on the one hand there is a natural chimney effect in the afterburner and on the other hand, the resulting negative pressure in the afterburner through Control flap can be regulated in a simple manner.

Since such heaters have been mostly made of metal - either cast or made of fireproof steel sheets - were in the heaters contained internals also made from these materials, which already due to the strong thermal expansion in metals, such as when heating the Heater took place, appeared to be through use different materials with different thermal expansion none To generate tensions between the individual components. The more complicated that Internals, the higher the effort for the provision of Molded parts for metal casting, or assembly and welding work at Manufactured from refractory steel sheets.

A much easier manufacturing option is therefore given if the im In this case, the internals required as cast, essentially solid, Molded parts made of refractory concrete, chamotte, SIC ceramics or the like are made. The manufacture of such molds is simple and cheap, and hence the production of the entire molded part.

In the present case, the back wall of the combustion chamber is now on the one hand such a second separating body in the form of a thick, vertical Plate formed. One standing in front of it within the combustion chamber Similar first separator forms together with that Second partition body performing back wall function the first exhaust gas recirculation, what the flue gases from a high point of the combustion chamber be sucked off.

First, both separators point across for the primary flue gas extraction their main level at least one, in the first and second separators to each other aligned, at least in sections nozzle-like in cross section rejuvenating passage for the flue gases to the afterburner behind second separator. This passage can be made up of individual, neighboring, passage openings completely enclosed by the respective separating body exist, or it can also be a continuous slot, etc. that on e.g. the top and bottom of different parts, each form together the same first or second separating body is limited, depending according to the required capacity of the passage or distance for the flue gases of the Primary trigger.

Likewise, the high secondary exhaust for the flue gases is either formed in that the first separating body at a distance from the Boundary surfaces of the combustion chamber, i.e. below the ceiling of the Combustion chamber ends, and this distance forms the secondary deduction, the one there extracted smoke gases are directed down through the horizontal Distance between the first and second separating body, and by a the corresponding compound is added to the flue gases of the primary exhaust become. By the same distance be from the opposite side from the flue gases of the primary exhaust secondary air.

Instead of the distance between the first separating body and the environment for the secondary trigger can this first separator to Boundary surface of the combustion chamber approach, and instead individual, in the first separator integrated passages for the secondary trigger exhibit.

In order to maximize the suction effect of the flue gases from the primary exhaust in Reaching the area between the two separators are useful Pass in both separators with narrowing in the direction of flow Cross-section, i.e. nozzle-shaped. The second, acting as the back wall Separating body also contains above this passages, as high as possible, another passage for the second exhaust gas recirculation to exhaust gases from upper end of the afterburning chamber, which already go through the afterburning have to be returned to the primary exhaust gas recirculation. Thereby a part of the flue gases always passes through the afterburner several times, which is one further reduction of the pollutant content and improved energy yield brings. To improve the flow into the primary exhaust gas recirculation, this passage in the second separating body is tapered in a nozzle shape Cross-section be formed, but this time in the direction from the afterburner first exhaust gas recirculation.

If the primary exhaust for the flue gases is not in the lower area of the rear wall of the combustion chamber, but in the floor, preferably directly below the Fuel, which is to be provided, it is recommended to use the first and second To form the separator in the side view L-shaped, namely preferably in one piece.

Another simple constructional solution arises if - especially with one Nozzle arrangement with only a single, tapering in side view, slot-shaped nozzle over the entire width of the rear wall of the combustion chamber - the the first separating body is hollow, and as a rule in turn Steel sheet exists, and in its lower area an opening for Has nozzle arrangement out.

If this hollow, essentially vertical separating body in the upper Area not connected to the surrounding surfaces of the combustion chamber is, but sufficiently large, high-lying openings to the combustion chamber has, the first exhaust gas recirculation through this hollow first separating body pass through while the secondary air from the first exhaust gas recirculation preferably opposite side of the nozzle arrangement is supplied. To achieve the nozzle-like tapering of the flow cross-section for the Flue gases from the primary exhaust can be the lower outer surface of this first Partition from the combustion chamber sloping backwards while an increasing area in the same area from the bottom of the combustion chamber given is.

At the end of the nozzle arrangement there is preferably one that serves as a turbolator Baffle plate preferably articulated so that its angular position opposite the flow direction of the flue gases from the primary exhaust to Afterburner can be set.

In this embodiment, the first separating body also forms the Rear wall of the combustion chamber, so that there is no need for a second partition can be.

In another solution, two separators are still at a distance standing relative to each other:

The first separator is only in the lower area - as in the previous one described solution - hollow, in the upper area, however, as a solid e.g. Moldings. Through the lower cavity - for example through the side Intake - the secondary air can be supplied while the first Exhaust gas recirculation as described in the beginning by the distance between flows to the first separating body and the rear wall. Stream through it Secondary air and the flue gases of the first exhaust gas recirculation are not from opposite sides, but from the same side, and in Flow direction of the primary fume cupboard is not exactly at the same point, but instead one after the other into the flue gases of the primary fume cupboard, as this, however, both cases in the area accelerated by the nozzle-like training Smoke gases from the primary fume cupboard are also sucked in well. The advantage of this solution is that it has a conventional, thin back wall can be used, and yet the first separating body partially as a solid Shaped body can be formed, and otherwise only relatively few individual parts, which are relatively easy to manufacture are needed. Basically - depending on Size of the nozzle arrangement - also a different relative direction of the feed of secondary air and secondary exhaust into the flue gases of the primary exhaust possible:

For example, the secondary air along the side walls of the rear Area of the combustion chamber fed and obliquely in the area of Nozzle arrangement are introduced, regardless of whether the Nozzle arrangement the cross-sectional narrowing in horizontal or vertical Direction of view is provided, and regardless of the direction from which The flue gases of the secondary fume hood are supplied.

Basically, it is for optimal afterburning in the afterburner sensible, the boundary surfaces that the flue gases from the primary with the Introduce mixed proportions into the afterburner, into the afterburner protrude into it, and the combustion chamber on both sides of it To allow mouths to extend viewed in the side view of the tapering flow cross-section of the nozzle arrangement. This is the Formation of smoke gas vortices, which greatly promote the afterburning, immediately adjacent to the mouth in the combustion chamber, on both sides of the Mouth and behind the front free face of the muzzle, possible.

For heaters that are visibly placed in living rooms, as a rule a wide, but not very high nozzle arrangement in the rear wall of the Combustion chamber desirable for optical reasons. To be as good as possible here Addition of the remaining components and effective post-combustion in To allow post-combustion, the flue gases of the primary exhaust the afterburning chamber via several nozzles standing vertically next to each other passed through, so that these nozzles reduce their Have flow cross-section in the vertical viewing direction.

To ensure an optimal admixture of secondary air and flue gases from the To enable first exhaust gas recirculation, each nozzle is spaced apart two feed bodies arranged vertically next to one another at a distance, which have an approximately triangular or frustoconical cross-section, with the tip towards the combustion chamber and the base towards the afterburning chamber. These feed bodies are hollow and are made with secondary air and / or the flue gases of the primary exhaust gas recirculation, and therefore have in Area of their side faces towards the nozzles formed between them corresponding outlet openings.

However, the construction effort for such a nozzle arrangement is relative high, since several feed bodies, mostly made of fire-resistant steel sheet, must be manufactured with the appropriate supply lines tight must be connected, and moreover, the entire nozzle arrangement for assembly reasons, a tightly enclosing frame must be available a corresponding opening in the rear wall of the combustion chamber can be used can. If you also consider that such a construction made of sheet steel enormous thermal expansions (from 20 ° C to 1000 ° C: 10 to 20 mm per meter Overall length), it is clear that such a steel sheet construction in the existing temperature fluctuations are subject to a very strong delay will be, and possibly the existing welded connections, Bending edges etc. can tear over time. On the one hand this To absorb temperature expansions and on the other hand to manufacture simplify and cheapen, preferably only the feed body itself as well as the supply lines made of bent and welded Made of steel sheets, while the nozzle device holding together Frame in which the feed body and its supply lines are plugged in or on concern this, and which they penetrate in whole or in part, from one or several parts as molded bodies made of cast, fireproof solid material such as refractory concrete, SIC ceramics, chamotte or the like.

In the case of the feed bodies themselves, the existing cavity can be undivided, and thus the supply of either secondary air or flue gases from the Serve secondary trigger in the nozzle assembly. In this case always alternating within the nozzle arrangement Supply body for the supply of secondary air and a supply body for the supply of flue gas arranged from the secondary exhaust, which by connecting the respective feed body is achieved with the different feeds.

Another possibility is the cross section of the feed body in the Subdivide the central longitudinal axis again by a sheet, and in one half with secondary air and in the other half with flue gases from the secondary exhaust to act upon. However, this requires a higher one Manufacturing effort for the feed body, and on the other hand, a more complicated Connection to the two mutual supply lines. The feed body themselves are either formed from an angularly curved front panel, which the Forms the tip of the feed body, and a bottom inserted into the open base, the outlet openings 26 from the cavity enclosed thereby to the Environment preferably arranged in rows near this floor and are generated by stamping etc. before bending the front plate. Corresponding can also partially pass through these outlet openings Extensions of the bottom protrude outwards, which is a positive connection of the results in both parts.

Another option is to turn the floor itself into a shape form flat U, the free-ending outer leg in their Angular position correspond to the legs of the front plate, but one have less mutual distance. Such a floor can be so Front panel are welded in that their respective freely ending legs end at the same height, and the welds are made at the bends of the Floor arranged. This leaves passage space between the welds the free distance between the freely ending legs of the front panel and Bottom into it, which together with the outlet openings of the feed body form.

Regardless of whether the feed body is in a surrounding frame added or arranged individually, it is advantageous to adjust the size of the Outlet openings of the gases to be supplied from the supply bodies in the To make the nozzle arrangement changeable. For this purpose you can for example, the individual parts that make up the feed body in their mutual distance from each other can be adjustable, the one in between located, thereby changed gap represents the outlet opening.

Opposite a V-shaped front part and a U-shaped base Feed body, it is also conceivable to close another, second floor use so that by the three spaced and fortified parts two separate feed rooms, but this time in Flow direction of the nozzle arrangement one behind the other, created become. Their mutual distance and thus the size of each Outlet openings are preferably dependent on Residual oxygen content of the flue gases leaving the afterburner set. This can be done using an automatic actuator such as a servo motor, or manually by - for a single feed body or for the whole Nozzle arrangement - this mutual distance e.g. with help of a Screw thread can be adjusted.

The fact that the free legs of the floor or floors and the front part of such Feed body at a distance from each other either parallel or even at an acute angle there are advantages towards the end compared to the formation of outlet openings in the form of simple holes or openings in sheet metal walls:

Because on the one hand it runs parallel over a certain distance free leg a channel-like, formed over a certain flow path, Shaping of the outlet opening achieved, whereby the outflowing gases Outflow direction is forced by laminar flows, so these gases due to their kinetic energy after leaving the outlet opening relatively far flow into the space of the nozzle 40, which mixes well with the Smoke gases from the primary fume cupboard result.

On the other hand, this channel-like formation also prevents it Deposits such as dust, oxidation residues or the like on the Outlet openings, as these are also directed by the gases flowing along are constantly removed. This clogs the outlet openings largely prevented.

In addition, other forms in the cross-sectional formation of the Feed body conceivable:

For example, the front, V-shaped front panel instead of one or Connect two tubes to a tubular profile, the cross section of which is approximately the width of the Corresponds to the front part at the rear end. As supply rooms for secondary air and the Flue gases from the first exhaust gas recirculation then come on the one hand Pipe cross section itself and on the other hand that through the front part and that in narrow Spaced tube formed cavity in question. To get out of Pipe cross section to allow gas to escape must be in the pipe cross section outlet openings are of course also provided, namely preferably near the distance between the V-shaped front part and the pipe, but still within the half of the front facing Pipe Profiles.

Another solution, which is mainly in the bottom of the combustion chamber, offers arranged primary deduction below the fuel is the Use of a front part, which is not V-shaped, but preferably is trapezoidal or semicircular, such as a halved tube profile. In the distance behind can in turn be arranged a U-shaped bottom, the free leg again not parallel to each other, but striving outwards at an angle run.

The advantage over the V-shaped front parts is that this Fall on these feed bodies stored firing material is not so easy in the very strongly narrowing cross section of the individual nozzles between the feed bodies can fall into it and on the other hand the contact surface on the feed bodies is larger is.

In all cases, the size of the outlet openings can be adjusted by adjusting the Individual parts of the feed body can be adjusted against each other.

The frame itself is preferably formed in one piece, depending on the design however, two or even more individual parts are necessary, the separating surface between two individual parts either a plane perpendicular to the Flow direction of the nozzle arrangement can be, or also a plane parallel to this and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the feed body.

Such a molded frame is not only simpler and cheaper produce, but also has a 100 times lower Thermal expansion as a fire-resistant steel sheet. This makes installation easier this frame into the opening e.g. in the back wall of a corresponding Heater quite significant, but on the other hand, the much larger one Thermal expansion of the feed body compared to practically none Thermal expansion underlying frame can be compensated. this will preferably achieved in that the free body in the longitudinal direction, in usually closed, the end of the feed body in the cold state none too close opposite boundary surface of the frame. Rather penetrate the feed body usually one - e.g. upper - leg of the frame complete, but end in the opposite - e.g. lower - thigh either in a blind hole or also in a through opening of the Frame, with a sufficient cold clearance even at ends in a blind hole between the feed body and the bottom of the blind hole in the frame, to be able to absorb the thermal expansion.

the corresponding recesses are in the cross-sectional direction of the feed body and breakthroughs in the frame when cold significantly larger than that corresponding outer cross sections of the feed body. Especially with the Openings in the lower leg of the frame in this space This gap can be prevented by falling ash parts etc. e.g. attached to the outer periphery of the molded body and the gap overlapping cuff made of sheet steel etc. are covered.

A particularly simple design of the nozzle arrangement is achieved if the Supply body alternately for the supply of secondary air and smoke gases from the Secondary fume cupboard used and the supply lines for the two Gases for this on the one hand above or in the upper leg of the frame and on the other hand arranged underneath or in the lower leg of the frame and fixed connected to their respective associated feed bodies, preferably are welded. With such a solution, the entire, can Feeding bodies and supply line, units made of sheet steel in one integrally formed, equipped with corresponding breakthroughs Simply insert the frame from above or below. On the one-piece The design of the frame only has to be dispensed with if the sleeves for Covering the gap between the feed bodies and the corresponding ones Recesses in the frame before assembling the nozzle arrangement are firmly connected to the feed bodies.

Even in this case, the one-piece construction of the frame can be maintained if this frame - viewed from the top - the feed bodies are not completely encloses, but only on its front, i.e. to the combustion chamber executed, and in the area between the feed bodies, but not on theirs Back. this would make it possible to feed the entire body Sheet steel parts of the nozzle arrangement in the corresponding open Simply insert recesses in the frame, which also creates the problem of the gap in the cross-sectional view of the feed body compared to the The frame partially fixes itself, because if you insert it tightly in the cold Condition and subsequent heating of the strongly expanding steel sheet feed body automatically from the wedge-shaped opening towards the rear Partially move recesses in the frame.

In addition, in such a molded part as a frame Nozzle effect of the nozzle arrangement can be further increased by in addition to Tapering of the nozzles in the horizontal plane tapering the overall curvature flow cross section is achieved in the vertical plane by the upper and lower legs of the frame partially or wholly from the Combustion chamber side inclined inwards towards the interior of the frame is trained.

Fig. 1:

eine seitliche Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung,

Fig. 2:

eine ähnliche Darstellung mit massiven Trennkörpern,

Fig. 3:

eine Darstellung mit winklig ausgebildeten Trennkörpern,

Fig. 4:

eine ähnliche Darstellung mit anderer Ausbildung der ersten Abgasrückführung,

Fig. 5:

eine gegenüber Fig. 4 abgewandelte Lösung,

Fig. 6:

eine Aufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Düsenanordnung,

Fig. 7:

Querschnittsdarstellungen der Bauformen von Zufuhrkörpern,

Fig. 8:

eine rückseitige Ansicht einer dieser Bauformen der Fig. 7 und

Fig. 9:

Schnittdarstellungen einer Düsenanordnung,

Fig. 10 - 12:

Schnittdarstellungen anderer Bauformen der Zufuhrkörper

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a sectional side view of a heating device according to the invention,

Fig. 2:

a similar representation with massive separators,

Fig. 3:

a representation with angled separators,

Fig. 4:

a similar representation with a different design of the first exhaust gas recirculation,

Fig. 5:

4 modified solution,

Fig. 6:

a top view of a nozzle arrangement according to the invention,

Fig. 7:

Cross-sectional representations of the designs of feed bodies,

Fig. 8:

a rear view of one of these designs of FIGS. 7 and

Fig. 9:

Sectional views of a nozzle arrangement,

Fig. 10 - 12:

Sectional representations of other designs of the feed body

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a heating device according to the invention, as they e.g. can be used as a fireplace insert in living rooms. The connection of the Combustion chamber 2, in which the fuel 3 lies on the floor and burns, can Opening a mostly glass door 22, which can be moved away upwards are, the primary air 4 necessary for the combustion by the Front, about the spaces between door 22 and the housing of the Heater, flows into the combustion chamber 2.

The flue gases can escape from the combustion chamber 2 in several ways: in the ceiling of the combustion chamber, if possible directly above the fuel 3, is as Direct trigger 16 a direct trigger flap 17 is arranged. About this way reach the flue gases by constant upward flow and thus with least resistance and shortest way the trigger 6.

The direct trigger 16 is opened for the heating phase when the trigger and the the fireplace behind it is not yet sufficiently heated, and so that there is still too little train in the trigger 6 to the smoke gases over the other, with increased resistance, to lead what would cause some of the flue gases to pass through the primary air path Living space would leak.

Opening the direct deduction is also necessary if - after successful Heating up - the door 22 is opened, because then the smoke gases escape forward into the living room is possible.

The positive connection between the door 22 and the direct trigger flap 17 can be given by a cable pull over one or more pulleys is performed so that an opening of the door 22 a simultaneous opening of the Direct trigger flap 17 causes. For the heating phase, 22 this direct trigger flap can be opened by pressing a pivoted, two-armed lever 42 one of the two pulleys of the Cable 43 is shifted in the direction of shortening the cable path by this deflection roller is mounted on one arm of the lever 42.

The other exhaust routes of the flue gases from the combustion chamber, like those after The primary fume cupboard is used to carry out the heating phase 14, which is located deep on the back wall or the side walls, or even can be in the ground under the fuel 3, and over which the majority of Flue gases are suctioned off, and a secondary exhaust 15, if possible high in one of the surrounding walls, preferably the rear wall, the Combustion chamber is arranged.

Because part of the flue gases, albeit the smaller part, is above it Secondary trigger 15 is withdrawn high, some of the flames strive as before upward, so that the visual experience of the upward tongue Flames remain almost unaffected and therefore both the back primary deduction remains invisible, as well as depressed, or even after flames striving below should be avoided.

From the primary exhaust 14, the flue gases strive through a nozzle arrangement 7, in whose course they are accelerated, in the lower area of a lying essentially vertically behind the rear wall of the combustion chamber Afterburner 13 a. On the way there the smoke gases from the Primary fume cupboard 14, on the one hand, secondary air 5 for afterburning in Afterburner 13 supplied, and on the other hand, the overlying Secondary exhaust fume 11, the so-called first Exhaust gas recirculation 11. In the solution shown in FIG. 1, the first takes place Exhaust gas recirculation in that the distance in front of the rear wall and the distance to Ceiling of the combustion chamber 2, a first partition 10 is arranged so that the first exhaust gas recirculation over the upper edge of this separator and through the Distance between the separating body 10 and the rear wall 8 of the combustion chamber towards the bottom of the nozzle arrangement 7, to which there is an opening.

The secondary air is in this case horizontal Supply body 24 supplied, which is hollow and openings for Has nozzle arrangement 7 out. The nozzles consist of the in Flow direction approaching boundary surfaces both the separating body 10 and the feed body 24 or one under the Feed body 24 of further separating body 10 'projecting from below.

This approach makes a nozzle function with acceleration and under Pressure achieved without a fan or similar auxiliary devices for the supply of secondary air etc. automatically draws in these gas components to be mixed, and depending on the amount of the primary deduction exhausted fumes.

This is additionally supported by an existing one in the afterburning chamber 13 Negative pressure compared to the combustion chamber 2.

It can also be seen in FIG. 1 that the nozzles of the nozzle arrangement 7 representing boundary surfaces at their rear end over the Boundary surfaces of the afterburner 13 protrude into this. Thereby can become particularly turbulent by mixing the individual Components and thus eddy currents that promote post-combustion, that in the recess caused by the protrusion of the boundary surfaces in the Afterburner 13 arises, protrude.

In the upper area of the afterburner 13 there is also an opening to the given first exhaust gas recirculation 11, which makes part of the afterburner 13 leaving smoke gases as the second exhaust gas recirculation 12 again the first Exhaust gas recirculation 11 1 is supplied, and thus the afterburner 13 again passes.

The train or underpressure prevailing in the afterburning chamber 13 can pass through Changing the position of the damper 9 between the afterburner and the Deduction 6 can be changed.

In addition, at least the rear of the afterburning space 13 is shown in FIG Heat exchanger 19 formed by a heat transfer medium, such as air or water. thereby the flue gases of the Afterburning space 13 additional energy withdrawn and on Transfer heat transfer medium, which in turn for heating purposes can be used, which increases the energy yield of the heater increased without increasing the dimensions of the heater too much, such as this is the case, for example, due to the long trains in a tiled stove.

In FIG. 2, the construction of the first exhaust gas recirculation 11 is compared to FIG. 1 solved differently by firstly the first separating body 10 or 10 ', which in FIG Made of sheet steel, shown as a solid, plate-shaped molded body is made of a refractory, pourable material. Also the Rear wall 8 can be in an analogous manner as a solid, molded body be made.

The passage for the primary trigger 14 through the two molded bodies 10, 10 'or 30, 30 'is also aligned in this case, the rear of the Through openings of the first and second shaped bodies 10, 10 ', 30, 30' Appropriate extensions are available to the existing in one case Distance between the two molded bodies for the first exhaust gas recirculation on the To reduce the amount of passage opening required in the nozzle arrangement, and in the second case the mouth protrudes into the afterburner 13 cause. The two separating bodies 10, 10 'and 30, 30' can each be one-piece molded parts, and the passages 21, 21 'completely from the molded body enclosed through openings. Likewise, however, it can only be a distance 21 between two separate parts 10 and 10 'or 30 and 30' then act each multi-part molded body.

In contrast, a solution is shown in Fig. 3, in which the primary deduction - in 3 shown with only one nozzle - in the bottom of the combustion chamber 2, is therefore preferably located directly below the fuel 3. In this case the shaped bodies 10 and 30 preferably angled in the side view.

As in FIGS. 1 to 3, FIGS. 4 described below also show and 5 solutions with a nozzle arrangement in which the cross-sectional constriction in the nozzle arrangement 7 takes place in the drawn vertical plane.

4, however, in contrast to FIG. 1, the separating body 10 is not one all around closed hollow body, but with an opening in the upper area towards the combustion chamber so that this opening as a secondary fume cupboard 15 acts, and thus the flue gases through the cavity 34 of this first separating body 10 are guided downwards. The cavity 34 has in the lower region a connection to the nozzle 5 of the nozzle arrangement 7, in or at the end into their narrowing area. The outflow opening from the cavity 34 is preferably itself nozzle-shaped.

In this solution, the rear vertical wall of the separating body forms 10 at the same time the rear wall 8 of the combustion chamber and the partition for Afterburner 13 out.

The shape of the nozzle 5 comes on the one hand from the front to the back down sloping outer surface 36 of the separating body 10 in the lower region and on the other hand, by a surface that rises in the opposite direction from front to back 37, which begins at the level of the bottom of the combustion chamber 2. The The length of the nozzle is thus determined by the length of the outer surface 36 of the separating body 10 and thus indirectly determined by its thickness.

The supply of secondary air 5 can in this solution from below in the Nozzle 40 into it, at about the same height, however opposite to the supply of the flue gases of the first exhaust gas recirculation 11. In addition, at the end of the nozzle 40, one on the underside of the nozzle is preferred pivotally arranged baffle plate 38 attached so that by changing them Angular position between parallel to the direction of flow through the nozzle 40 flue gases flowing through or the swirling almost perpendicular to this can be influenced when flowing into the afterburning chamber 13.

Fig. 5 shows a slightly different solution: here is the first Separating body 10 formed as a hollow body only in its lower region, and in in this case the secondary air 5 is supplied to this lower cavity 39. The formation of the lower end of this cavity towards the nozzle 40 with connecting opening is the same as in Fig. 4. In this case, the Partition 10 not the separation to the afterburner 13, but is in the Distance in front of the actual rear wall 8 of the combustion chamber, so that - as in the Solution according to FIG. 1 - the flue gases of the first exhaust gas recirculation via or through the upper region of the separating body 10 and then through whose distance to the rear wall 8 can flow down to the nozzle 40.

The solutions shown in Figures 1 to 5 in the cross-sectional representation extend in this form preferably over the largest area of the width the heating device, so that the nozzle arrangement 7 especially when solving 4 and 5 a horizontal slot between combustion chamber 2 and Afterburner 13 represents, and the separating body or bodies essentially are plate-shaped elements that cover the entire width of the heating device can.

In contrast, the following figures show solutions of a nozzle arrangement 7, where the nozzle-shaped constriction in the nozzle arrangement mainly in considered on a horizontal plane, as best seen in the supervision of the Figures 6 and 7 can be seen.

Since the height of the nozzle arrangements should be kept as low as possible to be as little visible behind the fuel or flames as possible this way a nozzle arrangement 7 which is substantially wider than is high. This means that when it is narrowed in a horizontal plane Juxtaposing multiple nozzles 40 within the nozzle array 7 necessary. The individual nozzles are thereby in the supervision in Flow direction of the flue gases from the primary exhaust 14 to the afterburner 13 reducing distance between two side by side Feed bodies 24, 25 are formed. These feed bodies, as are shown in detail, for example, in FIG. 7 are shown in different designs, have one in Flow direction widening outer contour, so that by the Juxtaposing several such inflow bodies between the individual Nozzles 40 are formed. The feed body 24, 25 thus have one preferably a triangular or frustoconical cross-section when viewed from above, but also semicircular or circular for manufacturing reasons Cross sections are conceivable because of the use of simple or halved tubes.

In the designs shown in FIG. 7, the feed bodies 24 and 25 are each formed from an angularly curved, V-shaped front part, the base of a bottom 28, that is, a sheet metal part welded or clamped there is closed, whereby the cavity is formed in the interior of the feed part.

In the uppermost representation in FIG. 7, this cavity has over which Secondary air or the flue gases of the secondary exhaust of the nozzle arrangement are fed, in the rear part of the front panel, close to the bottom 28, in In the longitudinal direction, a plurality of outlet openings 26 are spaced apart also a more or less continuous slit along this floor can act. The free ends of the front part 27 protrude towards the rear the floor 28 and should thus protrude into the afterburner 13, in order to have particularly good swirling there when the gas mixture flows in and To cause mixing of the individual components.

Compared to this uppermost design, the middle design in FIG Cavity inside the feed body additionally through a turn made of sheet metal existing, and welded or spread, partition 44 in the Plane of symmetry of the feed body in two not in connection with each other standing cavities divided. This can - with otherwise the same training of Feed body - over each of the two separate cavities on the one hand Secondary air and flue gas from the secondary exhaust of the Nozzle arrangement are supplied.

The bottom illustration of FIG. 7 shows a slightly different construction Variant, the bottom 28 itself is again approximately U-shaped, however with a width slightly less than the width at the rear, open end of the V-shaped Front part 27. Are the two parts assembled so that the rear, free ends of their legs end at about the same height, so insists both sides between the free end of the front part 27 and the free Legs 28a, 28b of the bottom 28 a distance that serves as an outlet opening 26 for the each gas to be supplied is used. The connection between the bottom part 28 and the front part 27 can approximately in the area of the respective bend of the floor 28 are formed by a correspondingly thick weld point 41 in depth, a large number of which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction as in Fig. 8 in a rear view of the lowermost feed body of the Fig. 7 shown. This creates a between the individual welding points 41 Plenty of outlet openings 26 that mix well here cause escaping gas with the flue gases in the nozzle 40.

The angular position of the free legs 28a, 28b either exactly parallel to Angular position of the free legs of the front part 27 or towards the end approximately also causes whether the outlet openings 26 as simple Openings or are designed as nozzle-shaped openings.

In order for the individual feed bodies 24, 25 of a nozzle arrangement 7 cohesive frame no more, too expensive sheet metal work have to perform, being effective in every direction, very strong Thermal expansion of these sheet steel parts plays a very disadvantageous role, these feed body 24, 25 in a frame 29 with corresponding Recesses and passages used, as shown in Figure 9, and preferably made of pourable, refractory material such as chamotte or fireproof concrete. This material assigns a much lower, almost too neglecting thermal expansion.

As shown in Fig. 9, - with alternating arrangement of feed bodies 24 and 25 for the supply of secondary air or flue gas from the secondary fume cupboard - The respective vertical feed body 24 or 25 with one of them supplying, for this purpose transverse supply line 24a or 25a for the Supply of the respective gas tightly connected, preferably by tight, but movable insertion of the feed body into the respective supply line.

As can be seen in FIG. 9a, the respective supply line 24a, 25a is located longitudinally on the upper or lower cross leg of the frame 29 on or in a well prepared there. The one from the supply line up or feed bodies 24, 25 striving downward initially extend through correspondingly large passages 32 in this transverse leg of the frame 29 into the inner free space 45 into it, which forms the actual nozzle arrangement 7 and reach with it free, usually closed end of the opposite, lower or upper, cross leg of the frame 29. The feed bodies 24, 25 also project there their free ends into corresponding recesses 31, in the cold State between the free end of the feed body 24, 25 and the bottom thereof Wells 31 remains such a large distance that when heating occurring elongation of the feed body can be easily absorbed can.

As the feed bodies also expand in thickness due to thermal expansion, the passages 32 and stiffeners 31 are also larger in their cross-sectional shape than the feed body when cold. Especially with those in the lower leg of the Frame 29 existing passages or recesses are the in cold condition especially large cracks along the circumference between Feed bodies and the surrounding frame 29 by a kind of cuff in Form of a collar 33 covered. The collar 33 is usually also made of refractory sheet steel as the feed body, and can, but does not have to this be fixed. For example, such a collar can be loosely attached to the Feed body are plugged in, which is the assembly of the nozzle assembly very much facilitated.

In order to further increase the effect of the nozzle arrangement 7, the nozzle-shaped one Narrowing in the solution according to FIG. 9 especially in the horizontal plane as shown in Fig. 9b, caused by a further nozzle-shaped constriction through the upper and lower legs of the frame 29 in a vertical Level are supported. For this purpose, the distance between the upper and lower legs of the frame 29, which is usually in depth, that is the width of FIG. 9c, viewed in the direction of flow of the flue gases the feed body begins and usually ends only after this, both in the Area before and in the area after each other, which also in the vertical a reduction in the cross section of the free space 45 of the frame 29 and thus the nozzle arrangement 7 is given.

The frame 29, as shown in FIGS. 9, is preferably in one piece cast. However, if the cuffs 33 are fixed with the Feed bodies 24, 25 are to be connected, is a push through Feed body through the one-piece frame 29 from above or below in the Usually not possible. In this case, the frame 29 will either be two separate parts 29a, 29b, which are in a vertical central plane touch as shown in the right part of FIG. 6.

Another possibility is then to pass through 32 or Depressions 31 e.g. leave open towards the back of the frame so that the Feed body are only enclosed laterally and at the front by the frame 29, not however on their back. This would push the feed body 24 or 25 possible from the rear into the frame 29, as in the left Representation of Fig. 6, best supported by one on the back the feed body arranged bracket.

Fig. 6 also shows on the right edge that it - up to a certain width of the Nozzle arrangement - it is also possible, via the feed body 25, only that Feed flue gases from the secondary exhaust of the nozzle arrangement, the Secondary air 5, however, laterally, along the sides of the combustion chamber and through a corresponding passage 46 in the frame 29 obliquely into the Initiate nozzle arrangement or the subsequent afterburner 13.

10 shows a V-shaped front part 27 and a tube behind it existing feed body. The flue gas recirculation 11 takes place for example by the cavity formed by the front part 27 and tube 48, and the Distance between the two parts is the outlet opening 26 for the flue gases Return 11 represents. Further outlet openings 26 'for the secondary air exist in Openings in the cross section of the tube 48, just outside of that of the Front part 27 covered part of the tube cross section 48, but still within the this front part 27 facing half of the tube cross section.

In contrast, FIG. 11 shows a solution, as is preferably the case with a Positioning of the nozzle arrangement 7 below the fuel 3, ie in the floor of combustion chamber 2, it makes sense:

Because on the approximately halved, round tube profiles 49 that form the front part, offers a large contact area for the fuel, and especially in the upper one The area of the nozzle arrangement is narrower than in the lower one Area, causing fuel to fall into the space between the feed body and clogging of the nozzle assembly are kept relatively low becomes.

Half the tubular profile 49 follows on the side facing away from the combustion chamber 2 again a bottom 48 with a substantially U-shaped shape and angled outside striving free ends 28a, 28b. These free ends 28a, 28b stand further into the nozzle 40 than half the tube profile 49 They act at an acute angle to the flow direction of the primary trigger 14 additionally as a baffle plate, and improve the mixing between the inflowing gas.

With this solution too - just as with the solution according to FIG. 10 - by changing the distance between the front part, in this case the half pipe profile 49, and the bottom 28 the size of the outlet openings 26 be adjusted. The adjustment is made by screwing one of the parts along a threaded rod that runs approximately on the line of symmetry of the feed body and is firmly connected to the other part.

Another slightly different form of the feed body, as it is especially for vertical feed body can be used is shown in Fig. 12. The feed body is designed similarly to the representations in FIG. 7, however with an additional floor 28 ', so that between the front part 27, the first floor 28th and second floor 28 'two separate supply spaces for secondary air and that Flue gas of the first exhaust gas recirculation 11 are formed. Is also there compared to the first floor 28 in the middle, at least the distance of the second floor 28 ', but preferably also of the front part 27 These parts are screwed along a threaded rod that is fixed to the first Bottom 28 is connected, adjustable. Instead of a threaded rod, a Lever linkage etc. are used, which is above all the possibility of joint adjustment of several feed bodies, e.g. over the whole Nozzle arrangement 7, there.

It is advantageous that the free legs 28a, 28b or 28'a, 28'b or 27a, 27b, which are substantially parallel or preferably towards the free end run against each other at an acute angle, over a sufficient Distance lie next to one another, as a result of which the corresponding outlet openings 26 can be formed like a channel. Through this to flow in the longitudinal direction The distance of these channel-like configurations is the outflowing gases, i.e. the Secondary air 5 or the flue gas of the first flue gas return 11 a Flow direction forced, with which this into the flue gas of the Primary trigger 14 flow in at an acute angle, and due to their existing kinetic energy penetrate relatively far into the flow of the primary trigger 14, which causes good mixing.

A further improvement in the mixing results when the free legs 28'a, 28'b of the rearmost floor 28 'protrude further than that corresponding free leg of the parts of the feed body 24 in front, since due to the inclination of this free leg in relation to the flow direction the primary trigger 14 this free end also acts as a kind of baffle, and an additional swirl at this point with mixing with the supplied gases causes.

Claims (25)

1. Procedure for burning in particular solid fuels with primary air, where an afterburning of the exhaust gases takes place introducing them into an afterburning chamber and the adding up of secondary air,

   the primary exhaustion (14) of the exhaust gases is carried out through a relatively deeply placed hole of the combustion chamber (2),

   supplementary exhaust gases are being added up to the exhaust gases from the primary exhaustion (14) by means of a first cycling of roast gases (11) on their way to the afterburning chamber (13) and which are retrieved from the combustion chamber (2) through a relatively above mounted secondary exhaustion (15),

   characterized in that
   the adding up of the exhaust gases (4) takes place by means of absorption during the first cycling of the exhaust gases as well as of the secondary air (5) into the exhaust gases from the primary exhaustion (14) while the exhaust gases from the primary exhaustion (14) are going through a nozzles set (7) before reaching the afterburning chamber (13).
2. Procedure according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the recesses from the afterburning chamber (13) are being adjusted by the variation of the passage surface between the afterburning chamber (13) and the exhaustion (6) and/or the variation of the other passage surfaces between the combustion chamber (2) and the exhaustion (6).
3. Procedure according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the gases supplied in respect of the secondary air time unit and/or the exhaust gases from the first cycling of the roast gases (11) at exhaust gases of the primary exhaustion (14) are being adjusted according to the residual oxygen content of the exhaust gases which are leaving the afterburning chamber (13).
4. Heating device, in particular for employing the procedure according to any one of the preceding claims, with

   a combustion chamber (2) where the fuel (3) is burned,

   an afterburning chamber (13) where the absorbed exhaust gases by means of adding up secondary air for an afterburning are being sent forward from the combustion chamber (2) through a primary exhaustion (14) and

   a first cycling of the roast gases (11) by means of which exhaust gases are added up to the most of the roast gases exhausted through the primary exhaustion (14) on their way from the combustion chamber (2) to the afterburning chamber (13) which are exhausted by means of a secondary exhaustion (15) mounted in a point of the combustion chamber (2) located as above as possible,

   characterized in that

   it is endowed with a direct exhaustion (16) placed on the ceiling of the combustion chamber (2) having a valve (17) for direct exhaustion which may close and an upward connection, the shortest possible towards the exhaustion (6) for the preheating process,

   the ducts for the exhaust gas are formed between the primary exhaustion (14) of the combustion chamber (2) and the afterburning chamber (13) and at least on one section of their length as a nozzles set (7) where the cross section of the flow of exhaust gases decreases at least on one section of this length and both the secondary air uptake and the exhaust gas supply from the first cycling of the exhaust gases are carried out within the nozzles sets area.
5. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
   characterized in that
   a decreasing of the vertically measured section takes place at the nozzles set (7) and only one or few nozzles are being mounted one over the other.
   (fig 6)
6. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
   characterized in that

   the nozzles set (7) has its width much more greater than its height,

   the decreasing of the cross section as it is horizontally measured takes place within the nozzles set (7) and

   the individual nozzles are being placed having inserted in between intake cannular bodies (24, 25) for the secondary air (5) respectively for the first cycling of the roast gases (11).
7. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
   characterized in that

   the intake bodies (24, 25) have an approximately triangle shaped section whose base points to the afterburning chamber (13) and whose opposed vertex points to the combustion chamber (2).

   (fig 7)
8. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
   characterized in that

   the intake bodies (24, 25) are subdivided in the axial plane of their section in two hollows to allow the uptake of the secondary air (5) and the supply of the first cycling of the roast gases (11).
9. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
   characterized in that
   the intake bodies (24, 25) have exhaust apertures (26) placed next to the base of the triangle shaped section, namely in the back area of the intake bodies (24, 25).
10. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) penetrate inside the combustion chamber (2) over the demarcation wall of the afterburning chamber (13) placed towards the combustion chamber.
11. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the exhaust apertures (26) of the intake bodies (24, 25) are placed at the farthest ends as close as possible to the afterburning chamber (13).
12. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the exhaust apertures (26) are formed like some flutes to force the exhaust gas from the intake bodies flow according to a given direction.
13. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) consist of

    a V shaped frontal piece (27),

    a first back boarded floor (28) placed towards the afterburning chamber (13) and having an approximately U shaped section whose free arms (28a, 28b) are extending approximately towards the free ends of the frontal piece (27) and

    a second analogue boarded floor (28') placed backward in the direction of the afterburning chamber (13),

    so that the second boarded floor (28') and/or the frontal piece (27) are variable in respect of their reciprocal distance towards the first boarded floor (28) as it is placed in the middle.
14. Heating device according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the frontal piece (27) and the boarded floor (28) may be adjusted one towards the other in respect of their reciprocal relative distance.
15. Heating device according to claim 14,
    characterized in that
    the free arms of the frontal piece, of the first and the second boarded floor are getting close to each other to the end.
16. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) consist of a V shaped frontal piece (27) pointing with its ridge to the combustion chamber (2) and a duct (48) remotely placed backward towards this and pointing to the afterburning chamber (13) so that secondary air uptake respectively the supplying of exhaust gas from the first cycling of exhaust gas can be carried out on one hand in the clearance between the frontal piece (27) and the duct (48) and the duct section on the other hand because the duct (48) has its exhaust apertures (26) close to the clearance between the duct (48) and the frontal piece (27).
17. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device with a primary exhaust placed in the boarded floor of the combustion chamber,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) consist of a half of a duct section (49), in particular round, having its curvature oriented to the combustion chamber (2) and an essentially U shaped boarded floor (28) remotely placed towards this round section on the opposite side of the combustion chamber (2).
18. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the individual pieces of the intake bodies (24, 25) can be adjusted in respect of their reciprocal distance either individually or together by means of nozzle setting.
19. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the free arms of the individual piece from intake bodies (24, 25) which are the farthest placed in respect of the combustion chamber (2) penetrate more inside a nozzle (40) of the nozzles set (7) than the free arms of the other pieces of the intake bodies (24, 25) and are forming thus an acute angle towards the flowing direction of the nozzle (40) to act as a shock absorber plate.
    (fig 8)
20. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) consist of a refractory steel plate so that the free ends (28a, 28b) of the back boarded floor (28) placed towards the afterburning chamber (13) are extending in parallel and remotely to the free ends of the frontal V shaped piece (27).
21. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the exhaust apertures (26) are formed in the longitudinal direction of the intake body only by means of a partial connection between the frontal piece (27) and the boarded floor (28) and thus they are already essentially extending in the flowing direction.
22. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the nozzles set (7) consist of a plurality of intake bodies (24, 25) essentially vertically placed one beside the other which, when looked at in the flowing direction of the nozzles set are mounted in a casing (29) whom they are totally or partially penetrating, the casing (29) being a massive body made of a refractory casting suitable material as for example refractory concrete, SIC ceramics or refractory clay.
23. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that

    the secondary air (5) uptake on one hand and the first cycling of roast gases (11) on the other hand are being carried out from the parts placed face to face (for example the upper respectively the lower parts) of the casing (29) and corresponding feed pipes (24a, 25a) are extending inside or onto the upper sides respectively the lower sides of the casing and

    the intake bodies (24) respectively (25) with their corresponding feed pipes (24a) respectively (25a) are tightly connected to one of their frontal sides and tightly closed to theirs other frontal side.
24. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    the intake bodies (24, 25) on their side with the corresponding feed pipes (24a) respectively (25a) are penetrating entirely the corresponding side of the casing (29) through corresponding passes (32) having at their opposite ends corresponding plugged recesses so that in cold state there is a comparatively great distance between the free ends of the intake bodies (24, 25) and the end of the recesses (31).
25. Heating device according to any one of the preceding claims of the device,
    characterized in that
    that at least the passes (32) placed on the lower side of the casing (29) of the intake bodies (24) respectively (25) which are tightly closed at their upper part and tightly connected to a feed pipe (24a) respectively (25a) at their lower part have a prominent collar (33) over the intake bodies which cover the greater distance to the passing (32) respectively the recess (31).

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