CN1258260A - 将容器放入-处理空间或从其中取出的装置 - Google Patents
将容器放入-处理空间或从其中取出的装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- B67C7/00—Concurrent cleaning, filling, and closing of bottles; Processes or devices for at least two of these operations
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- B67C7/0053—Infeed and outfeed devices using grippers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
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- B67C7/00—Concurrent cleaning, filling, and closing of bottles; Processes or devices for at least two of these operations
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Abstract
一用于将容器放入一处理空间或从其取出的装置,它具有至少一个可旋转的、在圆周上设有向外开口的闸室的闸轮,后者设有直接通过容器或间接通过控制装置动作的夹具,夹具暂时地将容器固定在闸室中,最好是悬挂地,不用支持底部,并且不与室壁接触。由此,即使在有容易倾翻的容器时,也能无故障地输送,不会损伤容器,并且有较高的功效。
Description
本发明涉及一符合权利要求1的概述的装置。
已经知道,这类装置有各种结构,其中,容器放入闸轮或从其取出都通过与固定的导轨联合的旋转的星轮(US-PS 5457939),通过具有固定的摆动轴的摆动臂(US-PS 2660513),或通过与固定的导轨联合的支承在闸轮上的受到控制的径向滑板(US-PS 1766018)实现。在已知的装置中,容器在运输时在闸轮中以其底面站立在室的相应的支承面上,但是通常会在室中自由移动。因此,它能在惯性力和可能作用在室上的气体供给和气体输出的影响下容易改变其位置。这样就在将容器从室中取出时产生问题,可以使容器受到损伤,并且通常只在容器有足够的稳定性时才有可能。此外,不可能有高的输送效率。
本发明的目的在于,在同类装置中,即使在处理具有较小的稳定性的容器时,也能用简单的措施大大地提高输送效率并可靠地消除容器的损伤。
按照本发明,此目的将通过在权利要求1的特征来解决。
在一按照本发明的装置中,将通过在闸室中设置的夹具使之有可能得到容器在闸轮中的可靠的稳定性和对中。可以可靠地防止容器的倾翻,防止由撞击在室壁上或由向接在后面的输送机构上的错误输送而引起的损伤,并有可能有非常高的输送效率。
为了在闸室中形成夹具,可以有各种结构。一种最简单的具有可靠的固定容器的结构允许本发明按照权利要求3至6进行改进。本发明的按照权利要求2、7和8的改进即使在特别轻和特别不稳定的容器如PET瓶时也可以用较高的速度进行可靠的输送。特别合适的是,与闸轮共同作用的输送机构设有夹子,以稳定地夹持容器,由此,即使在最大的功效时,也可能可靠地将容器放入闸轮或从其取出。本发明的相应的改进在权利要求9至15中给出。
下面将参考附图描述本发明的实施例。在图中:
图1为用于将瓶子放入一处理空间和从其中取出的装置的局部剖视俯视图;
图2示出了沿图1的A-B线的剖视图;
图3为星轮的单个室的放大的俯视图;
图4为闸轮的夹具的放大的俯视图。
图1至4中整体用30标出的装置用于将其形状为PET瓶以后简称为瓶1的容器排好地放入处于真空下的处理空间2中并从其取出,瓶1在处理空间中被镀层,以提高防护能力。处理空间2用壁31对周围环境不漏气地密封,并且有一连续输送的、具有可以放入瓶1的开口中的芯棒32的旋转的输送机23,后者将瓶1移过未示出的镀层装置(Beschichtungseinrichtung)中。
装置30有一水平底板33,在其上侧有一居中的闸轮4和总共四个与后者共同工作的星轮17、18、19、20,星轮支承在各自的垂直的旋转轴上。通过设置在底板33下方的未示出的驱动机构,可以使闸轮4和星轮17至20沿箭头的方向连续地被驱动,并与输送机23同步,以使它们基本按齿轮的方式彼此啮合。
闸轮4在圆周上装有只沿径向向外开口但是通常是气密地封闭的闸室3,后者的高度、深度和宽度略大于最大的要加工的瓶1。闸轮4的沿径向朝外的界限闸室3的表面位于同心于其旋转轴线设置的圆柱表面上并与相应的按圆柱形弯曲的闸壁34a和34b共同工作,后者气密地过渡至处理空间2的壁31a和31b。
通过闸轮4和在下面与底板33、在上面与盖板51刚性地连接的闸壁34a、34b形成旋转的闸,其闸室在其与处理空间2相邻的区域朝处理空间敞开,而在相对的旋转区则朝周围环境敞开,在两个位于其间的旋转区,则同时与处理空间2和周围环境隔开。通过未示出的密封装置,可以改进闸轮4与闸壁34、35之间的密封功能。此外,闸室3可在闸壁34a,34b的范围内用导管连接,以输入气体和/或排出气体。
每个闸室3有一固有的夹具6,瓶1在其输送时可用它与闸轮4对中并固定,也就是说被悬挂而不使底部受到支持,并且不与闸室3的壁接触。每个夹具6有两个基本平行的、按照夹具舌的方式布置的摆动臂8、9、9,后者设置在闸轮4的水平旋转平面中并基本垂直于其旋转轴线。两摆动臂8、9用支承销35、36可摆动地支承在一共同的支承板12上。支承板12本身用一螺钉可拆卸地并且气密地固定在所属的闸室3的凹座37中,沿水平与径向对齐。
如同特别在图4中所示的那样,由支承销35、36确定的摆动轴线大致位于摆动杠杆8、9的中间并将后者分为朝外的夹紧臂和一朝内的对置臂。在夹紧臂之间插入一其形状为橡胶垫的弹性件11,它与夹紧臂相互压开,并由此力图使夹具6张开。在夹紧臂的自由端形成一几乎为四分之一圆形的凹座38、39,后者在要被夹紧的区域与瓶1的直径相配。该区域在实施例中为瓶1的颈部,直接在瓶的头部形成的颈环7或运载环的下面。在夹具6合上时,两个凹座38、39围住瓶颈,超过180度,并且以一定的力靠在瓶颈上,以致有关的瓶1同时受力相配地和形状相配地被夹持。即使在高的输送速度、大的加速度等时,也可做到使甚至有倾翻危险的瓶1能可靠地固定在闸室3中,而不需要用底部区支持。
夹具6在闸轮4的旋转路径的所要求的地方的打开与关闭通过一用5代表的控制装置实现,后者的结构将在下面描述:在每对摆动杠杆8、9的对置臂之间可旋转地支承一控制凸轮10。如果后者基本沿径向相对于闸轮4的旋转轴线放置(打开位置),则对置臂在弹性工具11的作用下最大地靠近,夹具6打开。反之,如果如图4所示,控制凸轮10基本沿切向相对于闸轮的旋转轴线放置(关闭位置),则凸轮最大地将对置臂彼此撑开,由此,使具有凹座38、39的夹紧臂最大地靠近,夹具6关闭。每个控制凸轮10都固定在一控制轴40的下端上,后者平行于闸轮4的旋转轴线固定在闸轮中并略向上伸出。在伸出端上固定一控制杠杆41,通过后者,控制凸轮10可在其打开位置与关闭位置之间摆动,使这两个位置都是自锁地稳定的。
控制杠杆41与四个固定的销状挡块13至16一起工作,后者固定在在上顶部盖住闸轮4的盖板51上并伸入控制杠杆41的旋转路径中,完全同在闸室3中在其轮辐之间的闸轮4的环形空间一样,控制杠杆41与挡块13至16位于一般的大气中。因此,控制轴40要气密地密封,并因之不允许在闸室3与周围环境之间有气体交换。
四个星轮17至20有同样的基本结构,它们在下面将根据第一星轮17予以描述:在一垂直的驱动轴42上固定一水平的星形板43,在其上沿周向均匀分布的八个角形杠杆44可摆动地绕平行于驱动轴42设置的轴45被支承。在每个角形杠杆44的位于里面的腿上支承一第一凸轮滚子46,后者与一槽形凸轮47接合。该槽形凸轮固定地设置在星形板43的下方,并在星形板43旋转时控制角形杠杆44的摆动运动。
在每个大致沿驱动轴42的径向延伸的角形杠杆44的外腿上支承一可沿纵向滑动的滑板48。后者载有一与第二槽形凸轮50接合的凸轮滚子49。槽形凸轮固定地设置在星形板43的上方并控制滑板48的径向运动。在每个滑板48的朝外从角形杠杆44伸出的一端上设置一夹子24。后者有两个按剪刀的方式设置的摆动臂25、26,它们位于星轮的水平旋转平面中。摆动臂25、26用支承销52、53可摆动地支承在滑板48上,并用一其形状为拉伸弹簧的弹性工具27沿封闭的方向被预紧。摆动臂25、26的沿径向向外的腿弯曲成四分之一的圆形并与瓶1的要被抓住的区域的直径配合,超过180度。在实施例中,此区域是颈领7的上部和瓶子头部上的螺纹的下沿之间的收缩部分。在此位置可以进行瓶1的可靠的抓取与夹持,而不必将其沿轴向滑过。还可以在星形轮17至20的范围内进行瓶1的输送,而不必支持其底部,由此,不需要有用于不同瓶高的配件,并可防止瓶子表面损伤。
虽然夹具6间接地通过控制装置5动作,但是夹子24是直接通过瓶1动作的。对此,摆动臂25、26的自由端设有做成斜坡的控制表面28、29,后者在将瓶1在摆动臂25、26之间压入时,使摆动臂抵抗弹性工具27的力彼此张开,直至瓶1全部弹夹入摆动臂25、26之间。反之,在取出瓶1时,摆动臂25、26将由于其四分之一圆形而抵抗弹性工具27的力,再次张开,直至瓶1全部弹夹出来。
如图1所示,第一星轮17位于处理空间2外面处于普通大气中。它从其形状为一气力输送机的进给输送机21上取下瓶1,在输送机的端部区,通过两个平行的,与星轮17同步地被驱动的进给螺杆54a、54b使瓶子1保持一定距离并进入系统。此时,夹子24通过滑板48的联合的摆动运动与径向运动并用两个槽形凸轮47和50控制而在瓶1上弹夹。接着在第一星轮上的瓶1通过滑板48的主要的摆动运动而略被加速或被按一较大的间距放置,最终对准地被插入闸室3的开口中并准确地放入张开的夹具6中。在到达终点位置,夹具6以已经描述的方式通过挡块13关闭,此后,夹子24通过主要的径向运动从瓶1拉开并从闸室3抽出。由于夹具6在颈领下方与瓶1接合,夹子24在颈领7的上方与瓶1接合,故可以毫无困难地在这些元件之间转运。
第四星轮20与相邻的第一星轮17一样,位于处理空间2外面在普通大气中。它从闸轮4取下瓶1并将其转送至一其形状为气力输送机的卸料输送机22上。此时,通过用槽形凸轮47和50相应地控制滑板48,使夹子24弹夹在还在闸室3中被夹具6夹持的瓶1上,在瓶上,夹具6通过挡块16以已经说过的方式被打开。以后,瓶1在星轮20上减速或使其间距变小,直至它们以较小的间距被推入卸料输送机22中。
第二星轮18和第三星轮19在处理空间2中相邻地放置。第二星轮18从闸轮4的夹具6取下瓶1并以缩小的间距和降低的速度将它们转送至输送机23的芯棒32上。此时,夹具6的张开通过挡块14实现。第三星轮19从输送机23的芯棒32上取下瓶1并用加大的间距和加大的速度将它们转送至闸轮4的夹具6上。此时,夹具6的关闭通过挡块15实现。在星轮18和19的范围内,如同用于弹夹在瓶1上或从其上弹夹下的主要的径向运动一样,通过两个槽形凸轮47和50的相应的构形,还可实现瓶1的间距和速度的所要求的改变,或是不同节距之间的匹配,和一方面是闸轮4另一方面是输送机23的速度之间的匹配。
Claims (15)
1.用于将容器放入一处理空间或从其取出的装置,它具有至少一个可旋转的、在圆周上设有向外开口的用于容器的闸室的闸轮,其特征为,闸轮(4)设有直接通过容器(1)动作和/或间接通过一控制装置(5)动作的夹具(6),后者暂时地将容器固定在闸室(3)中。
2.如权利要求1的装置,其特征为,容器(1)用夹具(6)悬挂地保持在闸室(3)中,不用支持底部,最好不与室壁接触。
3.如权利要求1或2的装置,其特征为,每个夹具(6)至少有两个按夹具舌的方式布置的摆动杠杆(8、9),后者基本平行于闸轮(4)的旋转平面设置,并至少部分地伸入相配的闸室(3)中。
4.如权利要求3的装置,其特征为,在每个夹具(6)的摆动杠杆(8、9)之间布置一可旋转的控制凸轮(10)和一弹性工具(11),它们共同对夹具(6)的打开运动和/或关闭运动起作用。
5.如权利要求3或4的装置,其特征为,夹具(6)的摆动杠杆(8、9)支承在一支承板(12)上,后者本身最好在相配的口袋(3)的内壁的范围内可拆卸地固定在闸轮(4)上。
6.如权利要求4或5的装置,其特征为,控制凸轮(10)通过固定地设置在闸轮(4)的旋转路径上的挡块(13至16)打开和/或关闭,此时,夹具(6)在旋转区内在挡块(13至16)之间通过控制凸轮(10)和/或弹性工具(11)稳定在其打开位置或关闭位置上。
7.如权利要求1至6的任一项的装置,其特征为,夹具(6)在容器(1)的周向区域最好是在颈部区或头部区形状相配地和/或受力相配地接合。
8.如权利要求7的装置,其特征为,在输送PET瓶(1)时,夹具(6)在设置在头部区的运载环或颈领(7)下方接合。
9.如权利要求1至8的任一项的装置,其特征为,设置单个的闸轮(4),以便做到既能将容器(1)放入处理空间(2),又能将其从处理空间(2)取出,同时在单个的闸轮(4)的旋转区设置至少四个与闸轮同步并以相反的旋转方向被驱动的星轮(17至20),后者有两个在处理空间(2)外,有两个在处理空间内,它们以准确的节距将容器(1)转送至闸轮(4)的夹具(6)上或以准确的节距从闸轮(4)的夹具(6)上取下容器。
10.如权利要求9的装置,其特征为,当两个设置在处理空间(2)内的星轮(18、19)与经过处理空间(2)输送容器(1)的输送机(23)共同工作时,设置在处理室(2)外面的星轮(17、20)除了与闸轮(4)共同工作外,还与用于未经处理的容器的进给输送机(21)和用于经过处理的容器(1)的卸料输送机(22)共同工作。
11.如权利要求9或10的装置,其特征为,星轮(17至20)设有通过容器(1)直接动作和/或通过一控制装置间接动作的夹子(24),后者最好在容器(1)的与闸轮(4)的夹具(6)不同的另一周向区接合。
12.如权利要求11的装置,其特征为,夹子(24)有至少两个按剪刀的方式布置的摆动臂(25、26),后者基本平行于闸轮(4)的旋转平面设置并且至少部分地暂时地沉入此闸室(3)中。
13.如权利要求12的装置,其特征为,在每个夹子(24)的两个摆动臂(25、26)之间设置一弹性工具(27),后者沿关闭方向预紧摆动臂(25、26);以及在摆动臂(25、26)的自由端做成倾斜的或带圆角的控制表面(28、29),后者在将容器(1)压入夹子(24)中时,使夹子抵抗弹性工具(27)的力而撑开。
14.如权利要求11至13的任一项的装置,其特征为,至少一个星轮(17至18)的夹子(24)可控制地相对于其旋转轴线基本沿径向和/或基本沿切向移动,以使当星轮(17至20)旋转时,夹子(24)的径向位置或相互之间的间距和速度都可周期性地变化。
15.如权利要求8至14的任一项的装置,其特征为,在输送PET瓶时,夹子(24)与设置在头部区的运载环或颈领(7)接合。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19816239.1 | 1998-04-11 | ||
DE19816239A DE19816239A1 (de) | 1998-04-11 | 1998-04-11 | Vorrichtung zum Einbringen und/oder Ausbringen von Behältern in bzw. aus einem Behandlungsraum |
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CN1258260A true CN1258260A (zh) | 2000-06-28 |
CN1115986C CN1115986C (zh) | 2003-07-30 |
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CN99800270A Expired - Lifetime CN1115986C (zh) | 1998-04-11 | 1999-03-30 | 将容器放入一处理空间或从其中取出的装置 |
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US (1) | US6354427B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1009710B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4026861B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20010013718A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1115986C (zh) |
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AU (1) | AU737501B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9906392A (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19816239A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2168864T3 (zh) |
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-
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- 1998-04-11 DE DE19816239A patent/DE19816239A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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- 1999-03-30 WO PCT/EP1999/002193 patent/WO1999052810A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-03-30 DE DE59900376T patent/DE59900376D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 RU RU2000100365/13A patent/RU2184075C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-30 ES ES99917927T patent/ES2168864T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 AT AT99917927T patent/ATE207848T1/de active
- 1999-03-30 CN CN99800270A patent/CN1115986C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 BR BR9906392-1A patent/BR9906392A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-30 EP EP99917927A patent/EP1009710B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 KR KR1019997011733A patent/KR20010013718A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-03-30 JP JP55111399A patent/JP4026861B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 AU AU36031/99A patent/AU737501B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-06 US US09/286,696 patent/US6354427B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-08 ZA ZA9902606A patent/ZA992606B/xx unknown
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1914103B (zh) * | 2004-02-02 | 2012-12-26 | 克罗内斯股份公司 | 用于动态存储物品的设备 |
CN103052567A (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-04-17 | 克朗斯股份公司 | 使用升级的参数选择对用于处理容器的设备进行操作的方法和机构 |
CN103052567B (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2014-12-03 | 克朗斯股份公司 | 使用升级的参数选择对用于处理容器的设备进行操作的方法和机构 |
CN102390711A (zh) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-03-28 | 广州达意隆包装机械股份有限公司 | 一种星轮盘传动机构及其装配方法 |
CN102390711B (zh) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-04-23 | 广州达意隆包装机械股份有限公司 | 一种星轮盘传动机构及其装配方法 |
CN104395210A (zh) * | 2012-06-19 | 2015-03-04 | 西德尔合作公司 | 用于空心主体的变距式传送装置 |
CN104344973A (zh) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-11 | 上海超玛机电科技有限公司 | 一种连续取样的方法 |
CN105636866B (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2018-01-02 | 帝斯克玛股份有限公司 | 包括使液体在容器内稳定的稳定区的形成和填充容器的机器 |
CN106697913A (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆市嘉诺食品有限公司 | 饮料瓶防碎传送装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002505653A (ja) | 2002-02-19 |
AU737501B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
US6354427B1 (en) | 2002-03-12 |
EP1009710A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
BR9906392A (pt) | 2000-09-26 |
ZA992606B (en) | 1999-10-08 |
AU3603199A (en) | 1999-11-01 |
CN1115986C (zh) | 2003-07-30 |
DE59900376D1 (de) | 2001-12-06 |
JP4026861B2 (ja) | 2007-12-26 |
EP1009710B1 (de) | 2001-10-31 |
WO1999052810A1 (de) | 1999-10-21 |
KR20010013718A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
ES2168864T3 (es) | 2002-06-16 |
RU2184075C2 (ru) | 2002-06-27 |
DE19816239A1 (de) | 1999-10-14 |
ATE207848T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
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