CN118185949A - 一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因及其dsRNA和应用 - Google Patents
一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因及其dsRNA和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因及其dsRNA和应用。本发明通过生物信息学方法,从飞蝗转录组中获取Megatrachea的基因片段,进一步进行克隆、测序后,得到序列为SEQ ID NO:1。依据SEQ ID NO:1,设计并合成该基因的dsRNA,该基因片段的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,将其注射进入飞蝗体腔后可以特异性沉默该靶标基因,飞蝗在蜕皮时因蜕皮困难死亡,多次实验表明其致死率达到100%。由于本发明的特异性及高效的致死率,对于害虫防治具有重要的现实意义,可为害虫防治提供新的途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因及其dsRNA和应用。
背景技术
我国是一个农业大国,这也使得我们面临多种农业害虫的危害。蝗灾在我国历史上经常性爆发,一旦爆发会对我们的粮食作物造成灾难性的毁灭,因此蝗灾与旱灾、水灾并称三大自然灾害。飞蝗可以猖獗成灾主要是由于它具有生长发育快、食量大、聚集成群、扩散迁飞能力强、适应环境能力强等特点造成的。目前,对于蝗灾的防控大都依赖于对化学农药的大规模使用,这种方法不仅促使蝗虫形成抗药性,同时还会污染环境、对大量非靶标生物造成生存威胁;此外,使用化学农药后残留在农作物上的成分还危害着我们人体的生命健康。因此,研发新型环保杀虫剂是解决目前困境的关键问题之一。
RNA干扰(RNAinterference,RNAi)是双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,dsRNA)诱发的、同源mRNA高效特异性降解的现象。随着RNAi现象的的发现,由于其特异性,使得其可以对害虫特定基因进行靶向干扰,从而具有专一性;同时,其易降解,故对环境无毒害,相对安全。截至目前,RNAi是公认的最适合作为新一代杀虫剂的核心技术。将RNAi技术应用于害虫防治中,靶标基因的筛选是一个重要的环节。
隔膜连接在无脊椎动物中为上皮组织提供封闭连接的功能,为细胞旁流动的溶质提供了关键的阻滞作用,允许组织形成独特的隔室,用于内部器官功能的正常发挥并赋予表皮屏障功能以限制病原体的侵入。隔膜连接蛋白是生物体整个生命过程中许多发育事件所必需的。已经确定的隔膜连接蛋白超过30种,这些蛋白质是形成或维持隔膜连接所必需的,且这些蛋白可分为三大类:连接的核心功能成分、其他隔膜连接定位蛋白和隔膜连接形成所需的辅助蛋白。Megatrachea(Mega)是一种重要的隔膜连接蛋白的核心功能成分,在多数的研究中表明其与果蝇胚胎气管的形成密切相关。而本发明揭示了Mega在飞蝗中主要参与其表皮的形成,在飞蝗蜕皮发育过程中发挥着重要作用,LmMega基因可作为后续开发核酸生物农药的靶标分子。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题提供了一种飞蝗隔膜连接蛋白Megatrachea(Mega)的全长序列,以及基于该基因合成的dsRNA,以及在害虫防治中的应用。
为达到上述目的本发明采用了以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
该飞蝗Megatrachea基因的获得方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,基于飞蝗转录组数据库获得该基因的全长序列;
步骤2,根据步骤1获得的基因设计上游引物、下游引物,其核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示;
步骤3,提取飞蝗五龄若虫总RNA,采用M-MLV反转录酶将所提RNA反转录成第一链cDNA;
步骤4,以第一链cDNA为模板,结合设计的上、下游引物,通过PCR扩增获得飞蝗Megatrachea基因。
本发明还提供了一种基于所述飞蝗Megatrachea基因合成的dsRNA,其特核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
该dsRNA的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,根据飞蝗Megatrachea基因设计合成dsRNA的上、下游引物,如SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示;
步骤2,以测序正确的飞蝗Megatrachea基因全长质粒为模板,使用设计的上下游引物进行PCR扩增,获得PCR扩增产物;
步骤3,PCR扩增产物经试剂盒纯化后按照试剂盒说明体外转录合成dsRNA。
本发明还提供了所述dsRNA在防治飞蝗中的应用,其作用时间在飞蝗蜕皮发育过程中。
本发明还提供了一种用于防治飞蝗的核酸试剂,包含所述dsRNA。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下优点:
本发明通过生物信息学方法,从飞蝗转录组中获取Mega的基因片段,进一步进行克隆、测序后,得到序列为SEQ ID NO:1。依据SEQ ID NO:1,设计并合成该基因的dsRNA,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,将其注射进入飞蝗体腔后可以特异性沉默该靶标基因,飞蝗在蜕皮时因蜕皮困难死亡,多次实验表明其致死率达到100%。由于本发明的特异性及高效的致死率,对于害虫防治具有重要的现实意义,可为害虫防治提供新的途径。
附图说明
图1为五龄飞蝗注射dsRNA注射48h后对Mega基因mRNA水平表达的影响(左为对照组注射dsGFP,右为实验组注射dsLmMega),其中*P<0.05。
图2为dsRNA对五龄飞蝗若虫蜕皮发育的影响(左图为对照组注射dsGFP,右图为实验组注射dsLmMega)。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐述本发明的技术方案,下面通过实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1:飞蝗Mega基因的序列及其dsRNA的获得
1、飞蝗Mega基因序列的获得
1)在飞蝗转录组数据库中搜索LmMega基因序列
基于黑腹果蝇Megatrachea的基因序列在飞蝗转录组数据库中进行比对搜索,经过序列分析及比对后,共获得1条飞蝗Mega基因序列。
2)PCR扩增所需引物设计:
根据上述1)中的基因片段,并采用primerpremier 5.0软件设计上游引物和下游引物,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3(ATGCGCTGTAGCTTGAAAAC)和SEQ ID NO:4(TCATACAAAACCATTACGAC)所示,由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。使用Trizol(TaKaRa)提取飞蝗五龄若虫总RNA,采用M-MLV反转录酶(TaKaRa)将所提RNA反转录成第一链cDNA。从而获得后续PCR反应所需模板。
3)PCR扩增反应
以2)中的cDNA作为模板,结合设计的上下游引物,通过PCR扩增获得Mega基因全长片段,通过Gel Extroaction Kit(康为试剂)将PCR产物进行切胶纯化,将纯化后的产物克隆到Easy(Promega)中,转入DH5α感受态细胞,挑取单克隆,菌检后将菌液送往上海生工生物工程股份有限公司进行测序。将测序正确的菌液,扩大培养后,采用PlasmidMini Kit(Omega)提取质粒备用,测序得到核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的序列。
2、飞蝗Mega基因dsRNA的合成
1)飞蝗Mega基因dsRNA引物的设计
基于飞蝗Mega基因的序列SEQ ID NO:1,采用primerpremier5.0软件设计合成dsRNA的引物,其上下游引物的序列分别为SEQ ID NO:5:taatacgactcactatagggACCCGTGTGTGTTTACGAGA和SEQ ID NO:6:taatacgactcactatagggGCCAACCTGGAAGTAGCCAT(斜体部分为T7启动子)。所有引物均由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。
2)飞蝗Mega基因dsRNA的合成
利用PCR扩增反应后测序正确的Mega全长质粒作为模板,使用设计的dsRNA上下游引物SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:6进行PCR扩增,体系如下:PCR MasterMix 25μL、上下游引物分别为0.5μL、Mega全长质粒模板(5ng/μL)2μL、PCR水22μL,反应程序为:94℃5min,一个循环;94℃30sec,58℃30sec,72℃40sec 35个循环;72℃10min。PCR产物经Gel ExtractionKit(康为试剂)试剂盒纯化后按照T7 RiboMAXTM Express RNAi System(Promega)试剂盒说明体外转录合成dsRNA。使用NaNoDrop 2000(Thermo scientific)进行定量,使其终浓度达到3μg/μL。保存于-80℃超级低温冰箱备用。
实施例2:飞蝗Mega基因的dsRNA致死实验
1、特异性dsRNA注射
将2μL(6μg)SEQ ID NO:2的dsRNA用25μL规格微量注射器注射到五龄飞蝗第1日龄若虫二、三腹节之间,共注射39只,雌雄各半。注射相同体积浓度的dsGFP至对照组体内。将注射后飞蝗置于30℃恒温培养室中饲养(光照:黑暗时间=14h:10h,温度30±2℃,湿度60%),对照组和处理组每天均饲喂新鲜小麦幼苗和麦麸。
2、飞蝗Mega基因沉默检测
各收集9头注射dsGFP和dsLmMega 48h后整虫进行总RNA提取,并反转录成第一链cDNA,采用Real-time PCR方法分别检测目的基因(LmMega)和管家基因(β-actin)的相对表达量,从而对其沉默效率进行计算。结果表明,与对照组比较,注射dsRNA后,处理组Mega基因表达显著降低(图1)。每组设置3个生物学重复,每个生物学重复3头若虫。
3、注射dsRNA后表型观察
五龄若虫分别注射dsLmMega(处理组)和dsGFP(对照组)后,对照组虫体在五龄第7天全部成功蜕皮至成虫,且蜕皮后成虫发育状态良好。注射dsLmMega后,处理组五龄若虫有100%的虫体出现蜕皮异常不能正常发育到成虫(图2)。
综上,本发明揭示了Mega在飞蝗中主要参与其表皮的形成,在飞蝗蜕皮发育过程中发挥着重要作用,LmMega基因可作为后续开发核酸生物农药的靶标分子。
以上显示和描述了本发明的主要特征和优点,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (7)
1.一种飞蝗Megatrachea基因,其特征在于,所述飞蝗Megatrachea基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.权利要求1所述飞蝗Megatrachea基因的获得方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,基于飞蝗转录组数据库获得该基因的全长序列;
步骤2,根据步骤1获得的基因设计上游引物、下游引物,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示;
步骤3,提取飞蝗五龄若虫总RNA,采用M-MLV反转录酶将所提RNA反转录成第一链cDNA;
步骤4,以第一链cDNA为模板,结合设计的上、下游引物,通过PCR扩增获得飞蝗Megatrachea基因。
3.基于权利要求1所述飞蝗Megatrachea基因合成的dsRNA,其特征在于,所述dsRNA的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
4.权利要求3所述dsRNA的合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,根据飞蝗Megatrachea基因设计合成dsRNA的上、下游引物,如SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示;
步骤2,以测序正确的飞蝗Megatrachea基因全长质粒为模板,使用设计的上、下游引物进行PCR扩增,获得PCR扩增产物;
步骤3,PCR扩增产物经试剂盒纯化后按照试剂盒说明体外转录合成dsRNA。
5.权利要求3所述dsRNA在防治飞蝗中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,作用在飞蝗蜕皮发育过程中。
7.一种用于防治飞蝗的核酸试剂,其特征在于,包含权利要求3所述的dsRNA。
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