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CN102971408B - 洗涤剂产品 - Google Patents

洗涤剂产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102971408B
CN102971408B CN201180033278.3A CN201180033278A CN102971408B CN 102971408 B CN102971408 B CN 102971408B CN 201180033278 A CN201180033278 A CN 201180033278A CN 102971408 B CN102971408 B CN 102971408B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
long filament
betengent product
less
betengent
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201180033278.3A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN102971408A (zh
Inventor
G.C.戈登
F.W.德诺姆
J.G.麦克尔
M.R.西维克
A.J.德雷赫
P.D.特罗罕
S.J.霍森
A.H.哈马德-埃布拉欣普尔
B.P.克罗尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=45402657&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN102971408(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Ltd filed Critical Procter and Gamble Ltd
Priority to CN201610051670.5A priority Critical patent/CN105647715B/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/US2011/042667 external-priority patent/WO2012003367A2/en
Publication of CN102971408A publication Critical patent/CN102971408A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102971408B publication Critical patent/CN102971408B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

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    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
    • A61K8/027—Fibers; Fibrils
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    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/8129—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers or esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. polyvinylmethylether
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Abstract

本发明提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出选自下列的特性：a)根据本文所述的基重测试方法测量的小于500g/m2的基重；b)根据本文所述的伸长率测试方法测量的大于10％的纵向峰值伸长率；c)根据本文所述的模量测试方法测量的小于1500g/cm2的几何平均模量；以及d)它们的混合。

Description

洗涤剂产品
发明领域
本发明涉及洗涤剂产品，更具体地讲涉及包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，以及制备它们的方法。
发明背景
洗涤剂产品是本领域已知的。例如，浸渍有和/或涂覆有洗涤剂组合物的聚酯非织造织物是本领域已知的，如现有技术图1和2所示。如现有技术的图1和2所示，已知的非织造基底10由可溶解纤维12制成，其中非织造基底10涂覆有和/或浸渍在如活性剂的添加剂14中，而不是如活性剂的添加剂14存在于可溶解纤维12中。此类洗涤剂产品的实例是可从TheDialCorporation商购获得的Complete3-in-1LaundrySheets。
此外，由洗涤剂组合物的铸膜液形成的制造制品也是本领域已知的，并且是可以LaundrySheets从DizolveGroupCorporation商购获得。
然而，此类已知的洗涤剂产品和/或制品表现出负面影响，它们给消费者带来问题。例如，已知的洗涤剂产品和/或制品是相当硬的和/或不可挠曲的，其硬度通过本文所述的板硬度测试方法进行测量。此外，洗涤剂产品和/或制品通常递送此类低含量的洗涤剂组合物和/或洗涤剂活性剂，使得清洁性能低于消费者的期望。另一个负面影响是洗涤剂产品和/或制品在洗涤操作后可能留下洗涤剂产品和/或制品的残留部分，例如聚酯非织造基底在洗涤操作期间不溶解。
按照前述内容，很明显，需要克服与上述已知洗涤剂产品和/或制品相关联的负面影响的洗涤剂产品。
发明概述
本发明通过提供新型洗涤剂产品满足上述需要。
在本发明的一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出通过本文所述的基重测试方法测量的小于500g/m2、和/或小于450g/m2、和/或小于400g/m2、和/或小于350g/m2、和/或小于300g/m2、和/或小于250g/m2、和/或小于200g/m2的基重。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出通过本文所述的厚度测试方法测量的小于50密耳、和/或小于40密耳、和/或小于30密耳、和/或小于25密耳、和/或小于20密耳、和/或大于0.01密耳、和/或大于0.1密耳、和/或大于1密耳、和/或大于2密耳、和/或大于5密耳的厚度。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出通过本文所述的厚度测试方法测量的大于0.01mm、和/或大于0.05mm、和/或大于0.1mm、和/或至约20mm、和/或至约10mm、和/或至约5mm、和/或至约2mm、和/或至约0.5mm、和/或至约0.3mm的厚度。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出通过本文所述的模量测试方法测量的小于20,000g/cm2、和/或小于15,000g/cm2、和/或小于12,000g/cm2、和/或小于10,000g/cm2、和/或小于8,000g/cm2、和/或大于10g/cm2、和/或大于50g/cm2、和/或大于100g/cm2、和/或大于500g/cm2、和/或大于1,000g/cm2的几何平均模量。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本文所述的伸长率测试方法测量的大于10％、和/或大于20％、和/或大于30％、和/或大于50％、和/或至约200％、和/或至约100％、和/或至约75％的纵向峰值伸长率。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本文所述的伸长率测试方法测量的大于10％、和/或大于20％、和/或大于30％、和/或大于50％、和/或至约200％、和/或至约100％、和/或至约75％的横向峰值伸长率。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本文所述的干破裂测试方法测量的小于5000g、和/或小于4000g、和/或小于3000g、和/或小于2500g、和/或小于2000g、和/或小于1500g、和/或至约100g、和/或至约300g、和/或至约500g的干破裂。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本文所述的密度测试方法测量的小于0.38g/cm3、和/或小于0.35g/cm3、和/或小于0.33g/cm3、和/或小于0.31g/cm3、和/或小于28g/cm3、和/或小于25g/cm3的密度。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含一种或多种活性剂的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本文所述的板硬度测试方法测量的小于50N*mm、和/或小于40N*mm、和/或小于30N*mm、和/或小于20N*mm、和/或小于15N*mm、和/或小于10N*mm、和/或小于7N*mm、和/或小于5N*mm、和/或小于3N*mm的板硬度。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含多种长丝的非织造纤维网，其中所述长丝的至少一种包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种活性剂，所述活性剂当所述长丝暴露于预期用途的条件时能够从所述长丝中释放，其中存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计为50％或更低，并且存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计为50％或更高。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含多种长丝的非织造纤维网，其中所述长丝的至少一种包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种活性剂，所述活性剂当所述长丝的形态改变时能够从所述长丝中释放，其中存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计小于65％，并且存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于35％。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含多种长丝的非织造纤维网，其中所述长丝的至少一种包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种可摄取的活性剂，所述活性剂当被动物摄取时能够从所述长丝中释放，其中存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计小于80％，并且存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％。
在本发明的另一个实例中，提供了包含多种长丝的非织造纤维网，其中所述长丝的至少一种包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种无香料活性剂，其中存在于所述长丝中的无香料活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于35％，并且其中所述长丝当暴露于预期用途的条件时释放一种或多种无香料活性剂。
因此，本发明提供了洗涤剂产品及制备此类洗涤剂产品的方法。
附图概述
图1是由涂覆有添加剂的可溶解纤维制成的现有技术非织造基底的示意图；
图2是沿图1的线2-2截取的图1的剖面图；
图3是根据本发明的长丝的示意图；
图4是根据本发明的非织造纤维网实例的示意图；
图5是适于制备根据本发明的长丝的设备的示意图；并且
图6是适于纺丝根据本发明的长丝的模头的示意图。
发明详述
定义
如本文所用，“共形成的纤维结构”指纤维结构包含多个长丝和多个纤维。在一个实例中，共形成的纤维结构包含淀粉长丝和木浆纤维。
本文所用的“长丝”是指一种延长颗粒，其具有的长度大大超过其直径，即长度对直径的比率至少约10。
本发明的长丝可经由合适的纺丝方法例如熔喷法和/或纺粘法从长丝形成组合物纺丝得到。
本发明的长丝可为单组分和/或多组分。例如，所述长丝可包括双组分长丝。双组分长丝可为任何形式，例如并列型、芯鞘型、海岛型等。
本发明的长丝的长度大于或等于5.08cm(2英寸)、和/或大于或等于7.62cm(3英寸)、和/或大于或等于10.16cm(4英寸)、和/或大于或等于15.24cm(6英寸)。
通常认为长丝天然是连续的或基本上连续的。长丝相对地比纤维更长(纤维长度小于5.08cm)。长丝的非限制性实例包括熔喷和/或纺粘长丝。
在一个实例中，一种或多种纤维可由本发明的长丝形成，例如当长丝被切成较短长度(例如小于5.08cm的长度)时形成纤维。因此，在一个实例中，本发明也包括由本发明的长丝制成的纤维，例如包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种添加剂如活性剂的纤维。因此，除非另外指明，本发明涉及的长丝和/或多个长丝也包括由此类长丝和/或多个长丝制成的纤维。通常认为纤维相对于长丝是天然不连续的，长丝被认为是天然连续的。
如本文所用，“长丝形成组合物”是指适于制备(例如通过熔喷法和/或纺粘法制备)本发明的长丝的组合物。长丝形成组合物包含一种或多种长丝形成材料，其表现出使得它们适于纺丝成长丝的特性。在一个实例中，长丝形成材料包含聚合物。除了一种或多种长丝形成材料外，长丝形成组合物还可包含一种或多种添加剂，例如一种或多种活性剂。此外，长丝形成组合物可包含一种或多种极性溶剂例如水；一种或多种(例如所有的)长丝形成材料和/或一种或多种(例如所有的)活性剂溶解和/或分散在所述溶剂中。
在如图3所示的一个实例中，由本发明的长丝形成组合物制成的本发明的长丝16使得一种或多种添加剂18(例如一种或多种活性剂)可存在于长丝中，而不是存在于长丝上，例如现有技术图1和2所示的涂层。只要从中产生本发明的长丝，存在于长丝形成组合物中的长丝形成材料的总含量和活性剂的总含量可为任何合适的量。
在一个实例中，一种或多种添加剂如活性剂可存在于长丝中，并且一种或多种附加的添加剂如活性剂可存在于长丝表面上。在另一个实例中，本发明的长丝可包含一种或多种添加剂如活性剂，其在初始制造时存在于长丝中，但是随后在暴露于长丝预期用途的条件之前和/或在暴露于长丝预期用途的条件时缓释到长丝表面。
如本文所用，“长丝形成材料”是指诸如聚合物或能够产生聚合物的单体的材料，其表现出适于制备长丝的特性。在一个实例中，所述长丝形成材料包含一种或多种取代聚合物如阴离子聚合物、阳离子聚合物、两性离子聚合物、和/或非离子聚合物。在另一个实例中，所述聚合物可包括羟基聚合物如聚乙烯醇(“PVOH”)、和/或多糖如淀粉、和/或淀粉衍生物如乙氧基化淀粉和/或酸解淀粉。在另一个实例中，所述聚合物可包含聚乙烯和/或对苯二甲酸。在另一个实例中，所述长丝形成材料是极性溶剂可溶解的材料。
如本文所用，“添加剂”是指存在于本发明长丝中的任何材料，其不是长丝形成材料。在一个实例中，添加剂包括活性剂。在另一个实例中，添加剂包括加工助剂。在另一个实例中，添加剂包括填料。在一个实例中，添加剂包括存在于长丝中的任何材料，如果其不存在于长丝中将不会导致长丝丧失其长丝结构，换句话讲，其缺失不会导致长丝丧失其固体形式。在另一个实例中，添加剂例如活性剂包括非聚合物材料。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包括长丝的增塑剂。本发明的合适增塑剂的非限制性实例包括多元醇、共聚多元醇、多元羧酸、聚酯和聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚多元醇。可用多元醇实例包括但不限于甘油、双甘油、丙二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、环己烷二甲醇、己二醇、2，2，4-三甲基戊烷-1，3-二醇、聚乙二醇(200-600)、季戊四醇、糖醇(如山梨醇、甘露醇、乳糖醇)、以及其它一元和多元低分子量醇(例如C2-C8-醇)；单糖、二糖和低聚糖，如果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、高果糖玉米糖浆固体和糊精、以及抗坏血酸。
在一个实例中，增塑剂包括甘油、和/或丙二醇、和/或甘油衍生物如丙氧基化甘油。在另一个实例中，增塑剂选自：甘油、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、缩水甘油、脲、山梨醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、糖、乙烯双甲酰胺、氨基酸、以及它们的混合物。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包含交联剂，所述交联剂适于交联存在于本发明长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料。在一个实例中，交联剂包括能够将羟基聚合物交联到一起(例如经由羟基聚合物的羟基部分)的交联剂。合适交联剂的非限制性实例包括咪唑啉酮、多元羧酸、以及它们的混合物。在一个实例中，交联剂包括脲乙二醛加合物交联剂，例如二羟基咪唑啉酮如二羟基亚乙基脲(“DHEU”)。交联剂可存在于本发明的长丝形成组合物和/或长丝中以控制长丝的溶解度和/或在溶剂如极性溶剂中的溶解。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包括流变改性剂例如剪切改性剂和/或延伸改性剂。流变改性剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于聚丙烯酰胺、聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸酯，它们可用于本发明的长丝。流变改性剂的非限制性实例可从TheDowChemicalCompany(Midland，MI)商购获得。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包括一种或多种着色剂和/或染料，它们被混入本发明的长丝以在长丝暴露于预期用途的条件时和/或活性剂从长丝中释放出来时和/或长丝的形态改变时提供视觉信号。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包括一种或多种剥离剂和/或润滑剂。合适的剥离剂和/或润滑剂的非限制性实例包括脂肪酸、脂肪酸盐、脂肪醇、脂肪酸酯、磺化脂肪酸酯、乙酸脂肪胺、脂肪酸酰胺、硅氧烷、氨基硅氧烷、含氟聚合物、以及它们的混合物。在一个实例中，将剥离剂和/或润滑剂施用于长丝，换句话讲在形成长丝后施用。在一个实例中，在收集长丝到收集装置上以形成非织造材料之前将一种或多种剥离剂/润滑剂施用于长丝。在另一个实例中，在接触一种或多种非织造纤维网如一叠非织造纤维网之前将一种或多种剥离剂/润滑剂施用于由本发明的长丝形成的非织造纤维网。在另一个实例中，在长丝和/或非织造纤维网接触表面如工艺体系中使用的设备表面之前将一种或多种剥离剂/润滑剂施用于本发明的长丝和/或包含长丝的非织造纤维网，从而有利于去除长丝和/或非织造纤维网和/或用于避免本发明的长丝层和/或非织造纤维网彼此粘连，甚至在无意间达到上述目的。在一个实例中，剥离剂/润滑剂包括颗粒。
在另一个实例中，添加剂包括一种或多种抗粘连剂和/或防粘剂。合适的抗粘连剂和/或防粘剂的非限制性实例包括淀粉、淀粉衍生物、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联纤维素、微晶纤维素、二氧化硅、金属氧化物、碳酸钙、滑石、云母、以及它们的混合物。
如本文所用，“预期用途的条件”是指当本发明的长丝用于一种或多种其设计用途时暴露的温度条件、物理条件、化学条件和/或机械条件。例如，如果长丝和/或包含长丝的非织造纤维网被设计用于洗衣机的衣物洗涤护理目的，预期用途的条件将包括在衣物洗涤运行期间存在于洗衣机中的那些温度条件、化学条件、物理条件和/或机械条件，包括任何洗涤水。在另一个实例中，如果长丝和/或包含长丝的非织造纤维网被设计用于人毛发护理目的洗发剂，预期用途的条件将包括在用洗发剂洗涤人类毛发期间存在的那些温度条件、化学条件、物理条件和/或机械条件。同样地，如果长丝和/或包含长丝的非织造纤维网被设计用于手洗盘碟或盘碟洗涤机洗涤盘碟，预期用途的条件将包括在盘碟洗涤运行期间存在于盘碟洗涤水和/或盘碟洗涤机中的那些温度条件、化学条件、物理条件和/或机械条件。
如本文所用，“活性剂”是指在外部环境中产生对长丝和/或包含本发明长丝的非织造纤维网的预期效应的添加剂，例如当长丝暴露于长丝和/或包含长丝的非织造纤维网的预期用途条件时产生效应。在一个实例中，活性剂包括添加剂，其处理表面如硬质表面(即，厨房的工作台面、浴缸、盥洗室、抽水马桶、洗碗池、地面、墙面、牙齿、汽车、窗、镜子、碟)和/或软质表面(即，织物、毛发、皮肤、地毯、作物、植物)。在另一个实例中，活性剂包括添加剂，其产生化学反应(即，起泡、冒泡、着色、加温、冷却、起泡、消毒和/或澄清和/或氯化，例如在澄清水和/或消毒水和/或氯化水中产生化学反应)。在另一个实例中，活性剂包括添加剂，其处理环境(即，脱臭、纯化、给空气加香)。在一个实例中，所述活性剂原位形成，例如在包含活性剂的长丝形成期间形成，例如所述长丝可包含水溶性聚合物(例如淀粉)和表面活性剂(例如阴离子表面活性剂)，其可产生聚合物复合物或聚集体，起到活性剂的作用，用于处理织物表面。
如本文所用，“处理”相对于处理表面指所述活性剂提供对表面或环境的有益效果。处理包括调节和/或立即改善表面或环境的外观、清洁度、气味、纯度和/或触感。在一个实例中涉及处理角质组织(例如皮肤和/或毛发)表面的处理指调节和/或立即改善角质组织的美容外观和/或触感。例如，“调节皮肤、毛发、或指/趾甲(角质组织)状况”包括：增厚皮肤、毛发或指/趾甲(例如，构造皮肤的表皮和/或真皮和/或皮下[例如，皮下脂肪或肌肉]层，和可适用的指甲和发干的角质层)以减少皮肤、毛发或指/趾甲的萎缩；增加真皮-表皮边界(也称为网缘)的卷曲；防止皮肤或毛发弹性的损失(功能性皮肤蛋白的损失、破坏和/或失活)例如弹性组织变性、松垂、皮肤损失或毛发变形的反冲；防止黑色素或非黑色素改变皮肤、毛发或指/趾甲的颜色，例如眼袋、疹斑(例如，由如红斑痤疮引起的不均匀红色)(以下称作为“红斑”)、灰黄(灰色、由毛细管扩张或蛛形血管引起的褪色、以及毛发变灰。
在另一个实例中，处理指从织物制品如衣服、毛巾、亚麻布，和/或硬质表面如厨房的工作台面和/或包括罐和盘子的盘碟上去除污渍和/或气味。
如本文所用，“织物护理活性剂”是指当施用于织物时提供有益效果和/或改善织物的活性剂。对织物的有益效果和/或改善的非限制性实例包括清洁(例如通过表面活性剂清洁)、去污效果、减少污渍、去皱、恢复颜色、静电控制、抗皱、耐久压熨、减少磨损、防磨损、起球/小球去除、抗起球/小球、去垢、防垢(包括去垢性)、形状保持、减少缩水、柔软性、芳香、抗菌、抗病毒、抗臭和去除气味。
如本文所用，“盘碟洗涤活性剂”是指当施用于盘碟、玻璃器具、塑料制品、罐、盘子、器皿、和/或烹饪板时提供对盘碟、玻璃器具、罐、盘子、和/或烹饪板的有益效果和/或改善的活性剂。对盘碟、玻璃器具、塑料制品、罐、盘子、器皿、和/或烹饪板的有益效果和/或改善的非限制性实例包括食品和/或去垢、清洁(例如通过表面活性剂清洁)、去污效果、减少污渍、去除油脂、去除水垢和/或防水垢、玻璃和金属护理、消毒、闪亮和抛光。
如本文所用，“硬质表面活性剂”是指当施用于地面、厨房的工作台面、洗碗池、窗、镜子、淋浴、沐浴、和/或盥洗室时提供对地面、厨房的工作台面、洗碗池、窗、镜子、淋浴、沐浴、和/或盥洗室的有益效果和/或改善的活性剂。对地面、厨房的工作台面、洗碗池、窗、镜子、淋浴、沐浴、和/或盥洗室的有益效果和/或改善的非限制性实例包括食品和/或去垢、清洁(例如通过表面活性剂清洁)、去污效果、减少污渍、去除油脂、去除水垢和/或防水垢、水垢去除、消毒、闪亮、抛光和清新。
如本文所用，“重量比”是指长丝中基于干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品的形成材料(g或％)重量对长丝中基于干重的添加剂如活性剂(g或％)重量的比率。
如本文所用，“羟基聚合物”包括任何含羟基的聚合物，它们可被混入本发明的长丝中，例如作为长丝形成材料被混入。在一个实施例中，本发明的羟基聚合物包括按重量计大于10％、和/或大于20％、和/或大于25％的羟基部分。
如本文所用，“能够生物降解的”对于材料如长丝整体和/或长丝内的聚合物如长丝形成材料指长丝和/或聚合物在市政固体垃圾堆肥厂中能够发生和/或确实发生物理降解、化学降解、热降解和/或生物降解，使得至少5％和/或至少7％和/或至少10％的初始长丝和/或聚合物在30天后转化成二氧化碳，这根据OECD(1992)GuidelinefortheTestingofChemicals301B；ReadyBiodegradability-CO2Evolution(ModifiedSturmTest)Test测量，该文献以引用方式并入本文。
如本文所用，“不能够生物降解的”对于材料如长丝整体和/或长丝内的聚合物如长丝形成材料指长丝和/或聚合物在市政固体垃圾堆肥厂中不能够发生物理降解、化学降解、热降解和/或生物降解，使得至少5％的初始长丝和/或聚合物在30天后转化成二氧化碳，这根据OECD(1992)GuidelinefortheTestingofChemicals301B；ReadyBiodegradability-CO2Evolution(ModifiedSturmTest)Test测量，该文献以引用方式并入本文。
如本文所用，“非热塑性”对于材料如长丝整体和/或长丝内的聚合物如长丝形成材料是指长丝和/或聚合物表现出无熔点和/或软化点，这在缺乏增塑剂如水、甘油、山梨醇、脲等的情况下允许它在压力下流动。
如本文所用，“非热塑性、能够生物降解的长丝”是指表现出如上所述能够生物降解的和非热塑性的特性的长丝。
如本文所用，“非热塑性、不能够生物降解的长丝”是指表现出如上所述不能够生物降解的和非热塑性的特性的长丝。
如本文所用，“热塑性”对于材料如长丝整体和/或长丝内的聚合物如长丝形成材料是指长丝和/或聚合物在某一温度下表现出具有熔点和/或软化点，这在缺乏增塑剂的情况下允许它在压力下流动。
如本文所用，“热塑性、能够生物降解的长丝”是指表现出如上所述能够生物降解的和热塑性的特性的长丝。
如本文所用，“热塑性、不能够生物降解的长丝”是指表现出如上所述不能够生物降解的和热塑性的特性的长丝。
如本文所用，“不含纤维素的”指在长丝中存在按重量计小于5％、和/或小于3％、和/或小于1％、和/或小于0.1％、和/或0％的纤维素聚合物、纤维素衍生物聚合物和/或纤维素共聚物。在一个实例中，“不含纤维素的”是指在长丝中存在按重量计小于5％、和/或小于3％、和/或小于1％、和/或小于0.1％、和/或0％的纤维素聚合物。
如本文所用，“极性溶剂可溶解的材料”是指在极性溶剂中可混溶的材料。在一个实例中，极性溶剂可溶解的材料可混溶在醇和/或水中。换句话讲，极性溶剂可溶解的材料是在环境条件下能够与极性溶剂如醇和/或水形成稳定(在形成均匀溶液超过5分钟后不发生相分离)均匀溶液的材料。
如本文所用，“醇可溶解的材料”是指可混溶在醇中的材料。换句话讲，它是在环境条件下能够与醇形成稳定(在形成均匀溶液超过5分钟后不发生相分离)均匀溶液的材料。
如本文所用，“水可溶解的材料”是指可混溶在水中的材料。换句话讲，它是在环境条件下能够与水形成稳定(在形成均匀溶液超过5分钟后不发生分离)均匀溶液的材料。
如本文所用，“非极性溶剂可溶解的材料”是指在非极性溶剂中可混溶的材料。换句话讲，非极性溶剂可溶解的材料是能够与非极性溶剂形成稳定(在形成均匀溶液超过5分钟后不发生相分离)均匀溶液的材料。
如本文所用，“环境条件”是指73°F±4°F(约23℃±2.2℃)和50％+10％的相对湿度。
本文所用的“重均分子量”是指按照规程用凝胶渗透色谱法测定的重均分子量，所述规程见于“ColloidsandSurfacesA.PhysicoChemical&EngineeringAspects，第162卷，2000年，第107-121页。
如本文所用，“长度”对于长丝指沿长丝从一端至另一端的长度。如果长丝中有打结、卷曲或弯曲，那么所述长度为沿着长丝完整线路的长度。
如本文所用，对于长丝“直径”是根据本文所述的直径测试方法(DiameterTestMethod)测量的。在一个实例中，本发明的长丝表现出小于100μm、和/或小于75μm、和/或小于50μm、和/或小于25μm、和/或小于20μm、和/或小于15μm、和/或小于10μm、和/或小于6μm、和/或大于1μm、和/或大于3μm的直径。
如本文所用，“触发条件”在一个实例中是指用于刺激或启动或促成长丝改变的任何行为或事件，例如丧失或改变长丝的物理结构和/或释放添加剂如活性剂。在另一个实例中，触发条件可存在于环境中，例如当将本发明的长丝和/或非织造纤维网和/或膜加到水中时触发条件存在于水中。换句话讲，水中除了将本发明的长丝和/或非织造纤维网和/或膜加到水中的事实之外没有改变发生。
如本文所用，“形态改变”对于长丝的形态改变是指长丝发生其物理结构的改变。本发明长丝的形态改变的非限制性实例包括溶解、熔融、溶胀、起皱、破碎成段、膨胀、变长、变短、以及它们的组合。本发明的长丝当暴露于预期用途的条件时可完全或基本上丧失它们的长丝物理结构或者它们可发生形态改变或者它们可保留或基本上保留它们的长丝物理结构。
“按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计”是指长丝和/或洗涤剂产品已经在温度为73°F士4°F(约23℃±2.2℃)并且相对湿度为50％士10％的设定条件室内调整2小时后立即测量该长丝和/或洗涤剂产品的重量。在一个实例中，“按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计”是指包含按长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计小于20％、和/或小于15％、和/或小于10％、和/或小于7％、和/或小于5％、和/或小于3％、和/或至0％、和/或至大于0％的水分如水(例如游离水)的长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品，这根据本文所述的水含量测试方法进行测量。
如本文所用，“总含量”对于例如存在于长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品中的一种或多种活性剂的总含量是指所有受试材料如活性剂的总重量或总重量％。换句话讲，长丝和/或洗涤剂产品可包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计25％的阴离子表面活性剂，按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计15％的非离子表面活性剂，按重量计10％的螯合剂，以及5％的香料，从而存在于长丝中的活性剂总含量大于50％；即按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计55％。
如本文所用，“洗涤剂产品”是指固体形式，例如矩形固体，有时称为片，其包含一种或多种活性剂如织物护理活性剂、盘碟洗涤活性剂、硬质表面活性剂、以及它们的混合物。在一个实例中，本发明的洗涤剂产品包含一种或多种表面活性剂、一种或多种酶、一种或多种香料、和/或一种或多种抑泡剂。在另一个实例中，本发明的洗涤剂产品包含助洗剂和/或螯合剂。在另一个实例中，本发明的洗涤剂产品包含漂白剂。
在一个实例中，洗涤剂产品包含纤维网，例如非织造纤维网。
如本文所用，“纤维网”是指任何性质或来源彼此相关联的纤维和/或长丝形成的集合，例如纤维结构，和/或纤维和/或长丝形成的洗涤剂产品，例如连续长丝。在一个实例中，所述纤维网是矩形固体，其包含经由纺丝工艺而非浇铸工艺形成的纤维和/或长丝。
对于本发明目的，如本文所用并一般由EuropeanDisposablesandNonwovensAssociation(EDANA)定义的“非织造纤维网”是指任何性质或来源的纤维和/或长丝形成的片，例如连续长丝，它们已经通过任何装置形成纤维网，并且可通过除编织或针织外的任何装置结合到一起。通过湿磨法获得的毛毡不是非织造纤维网。在一个实例中，根据本发明的非织造纤维网是指在某一结构内有序排列长丝以行使功能。在一个实例中，本发明的非织造纤维网是包括多组两个或更多个和/或三个或更多个长丝的排列，它们彼此间纠缠或换句话讲彼此相连以形成非织造纤维网。在一个实例中，本发明的非织造纤维网除本发明的长丝外还可包含一种或多种固体添加剂如颗粒和/或纤维。
如本文所用，“颗粒”指颗粒状物质和/或粉末。在一个实例中，所述长丝和/或纤维可转化成粉末。
本文所用的冠词“一种”当用于本文时，例如“一种阴离子表面活性剂”或“一种纤维”，被理解为指一种或多种受权利要求书保护的或所述的物质。
除非另外指明，所有百分比和比率均按重量计算。除非另外指明，所有百分比和比率均基于总组合物计算。
除非另外指明，所有组分或组合物含量均是关于该组分或组合物的活性物质含量，不包括可能存在于市售源中的杂质，例如残余溶剂或副产品。
长丝
本发明的长丝包含一种或多种长丝形成材料。除了长丝形成材料之外，所述长丝还可包含一种或多种活性剂，例如所述活性剂当所述长丝暴露于预期用途的条件时能够从所述长丝中释放，其中存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计小于80％，并且存在于所述长丝中的一种或多种活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝重量计和/或按干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％。
在一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计约100％、和/或大于95％、和/或大于90％、和/或大于85％、和/或大于75％、和/或大于50％的一种或多种长丝形成材料。例如，所述长丝形成材料可包括聚乙烯醇和/或淀粉。
在另一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种活性剂，其中存在于长丝中的长丝形成材料的总含量按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计为约5％至小于80％，并且存在于长丝中的活性剂的总含量按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％至约95％。
在一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计至少10％、和/或至少15％、和/或至少20％、和/或小于80％、和/或小于75％、和/或小于65％、和/或小于60％、和/或小于55％、和/或小于50％、和/或小于45％、和/或小于40％的长丝形成材料，以及按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％、和/或至少35％、和/或至少40％、和/或至少45％、和/或至少50％、和/或至少60％、和/或小于95％、和/或小于90％、和/或小于85％、和/或小于80％、和/或小于75％的活性剂。
在一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计至少5％、和/或至少10％、和/或至少15％、和/或至少20％、和/或小于50％、和/或小于45％、和/或小于40％、和/或小于35％、和/或小于30％、和/或小于25％的长丝形成材料，以及按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于50％、和/或至少55％、和/或至少60％、和/或至少65％、和/或至少70％、和/或小于95％、和/或小于90％、和/或小于85％、和/或小于80％、和/或小于75％的活性剂。在一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于80％的活性剂。
在另一个实例中，存在于长丝中的一种或多种长丝形成材料和活性剂的重量比(长丝形成材料总含量对活性剂总含量的重量比)为4.0或更低、和/或3.5或更低、和/或3.0或更低、和/或2.5或更低、和/或2.0或更低、和/或1.85或更低、和/或小于1.7、和/或小于1.6、和/或小于1.5、和/或小于1.3、和/或小于1.2、和/或小于1、和/或小于0.7、和/或小于0.5、和/或小于0.4、和/或小于0.3、和/或大于0.1、和/或大于0.15、和/或大于0.2。
在另一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计约10％和/或约15％至小于80％的长丝形成材料如聚乙烯醇聚合物和/或淀粉聚合物，以及按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％至约90％和/或至约85％的活性剂。所述长丝还可包含增塑剂如甘油和/或pH调节剂如柠檬酸。
在另一个实例中，本发明的长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计约10％和/或约15％至小于80％的长丝形成材料如聚乙烯醇聚合物和/或淀粉聚合物，以及按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计大于20％至约90％和/或至约85％的活性剂，其中长丝形成材料对活性剂的重量比为4.0或更低。所述长丝还可包含增塑剂如甘油和/或pH调节剂如柠檬酸。
在本发明的另一个实例中，长丝包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种活性剂，所述活性剂选自：酶、漂白剂、助洗剂、螯合剂、感觉剂、分散剂、以及它们的混合物，当长丝暴露于预期用途的条件时它们是能够释放的和/或被释放。在一个实例中，长丝包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计总含量小于95％、和/或小于90％、和/或小于80％、和/或小于50％、和/或小于35％、和/或至约5％、和/或至约10％、和/或至约20％的长丝形成材料，并且包含按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计总含量大于5％、和/或大于10％、和/或大于20％、和/或大于35％、和/或大于50％、和/或大于65％、和/或至约95％、和/或至约90％、和/或至约80％的活性剂，所述活性剂选自：酶、漂白剂、助洗剂、螯合剂、以及它们的混合物。在一个实例中，活性剂包括一种或多种酶。在另一个实例中，活性剂包括一种或多种漂白剂。在另一个实例中，活性剂包括一种或多种助洗剂。在另一个实例中，活性剂包括一种或多种螯合剂。
在本发明的另一个实例中，本发明的长丝可包含活性剂，所述活性剂如果变成空气传播的话可产生健康和/或安全方面的问题。例如，长丝可用于防止长丝内的酶变成空气传播的。
在一个实例中，本发明的长丝可为熔喷长丝。在一个实例中，本发明的长丝可为纺粘长丝。在另一个实例中，长丝在释放一种或多种它的活性剂之前和/或之后可为中空长丝。
本发明的长丝可为亲水性的或疏水性的。可表面处理和/或内部处理长丝以改变长丝的固有亲水性或疏水性特性。
在一个实例中，长丝表现出根据本文所述的直径测试方法测量的小于100μm、和/或小于75μm、和/或小于50μm、和/或小于25μm、和/或小于10μm、和/或小于5μm、和/或小于1μm的直径。在另一个实例中，本发明的长丝表现出根据本文所述的直径测试方法测量的大于1μm的直径。本发明的长丝的直径可用于控制存在于该长丝中的一种或多种活性剂的释放速率和/或损失速率和/或改变长丝的物理结构。
所述长丝可包含两种或更多种不同的活性剂。在一个实例中，所述长丝包含两种或更多种不同的活性剂，其中所述两种或更多种不同的活性剂彼此相容。在另一个实例中，所述长丝包含两种或更多种不同的活性剂，其中所述两种或更多种不同的活性剂彼此不相容。
在一个实例中，所述长丝可在该长丝内包含一种活性剂，并且在该长丝的外表面如长丝的涂层上包含一种活性剂。在长丝外表面上的活性剂可与长丝中存在的活性剂相同或不同。如果不同，所述活性剂可彼此相容或不相容。
在一个实例中，可将一种或多种活性剂均匀分配到或基本上均匀分配到长丝各处。在另一个实例中，可将一种或多种活性剂分配到长丝内的不连续区域。在另一个实例中，将至少一种活性剂均匀地或基本上均匀地分配到长丝各处，并且将至少另一种活性剂分配成在长丝内的一个或多个不连续区域。在另一个实例中，将至少一种活性剂分配成长丝内的一个或多个不连续区域，并且将至少一种其他活性剂分配成在长丝内不同于第一不连续区域的一个或多个不连续区域。
所述长丝可用作不连续制品。在一个实例中，可将长丝施用于和/或沉积在载体基质上，例如擦拭物、纸巾、卫生纸、面巾纸、卫生巾、棉塞、尿布、成人失禁制品、洗碗布、烘干机纸、衣物洗涤片、衣物洗涤棒、干洗片、结网、滤纸、织物、衣服、内衣等。
此外，可收集多个本发明的长丝并将它们压成膜，因此产生包含一种或多种长丝形成材料和一种或多种可从膜中释放的活性剂的膜，例如当所述膜暴露于预期用途的条件时释放。
在一个实例中，本发明的膜表现出根据本文所述的溶解度测量方法(DissolutionTestMethod)测量的每克样品平均崩解时间为小于120秒/克(s/g)、和/或小于100s/g、和/或小于80s/g、和/或小于55s/g、和/或小于50s/g、和/或小于40s/g、和/或小于30s/g、和/或小于20s/g。
在另一个实例中，本发明的膜表现出根据本文所述的溶解度测量方法测量的每克样品平均溶解时间为小于950秒/克(s/g)、和/或小于900s/g、和/或小于800s/g、和/或小于700s/g、和/或小于600s/g、和/或小于550s/g。
在一个实例中，本发明的膜表现出根据本文所述的厚度测量方法测量大于0.01mm、和/或大于0.05mm、和/或大于0.1mm、和/或至约20mm、和/或至约10mm、和/或至约5mm、和/或至约2mm、和/或至约0.5mm、和/或至约0.3mm的厚度。
长丝形成材料
长丝形成材料是任何合适的材料，例如表现出适于制备长丝的特性的聚合物或能够产生聚合物的单体，如通过纺丝工艺制备长丝。
在一个实例中，长丝形成材料可包括极性溶剂可溶解的材料，如醇可溶解的材料和/或水可溶解的材料。
在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可包括非极性溶剂可溶解的材料。
在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可包括极性溶剂可溶解的材料并且不含(按干燥长丝和/或干燥洗涤剂产品重量计小于5％、和/或小于3％、和/或小于1％、和/或0％)非极性溶剂可溶解的材料。
在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可为成膜材料。在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可为合成的或天然来源的，并且它可发生化学、酶促和/或物理改变。
在本发明的另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可包含选自下列的聚合物：来源于丙烯酸类单体如烯键式不饱和羧基单体以及烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸和丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚环氧烷、淀粉和淀粉衍生物、支链淀粉、胶质、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素和羧基甲基纤维素。
在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料可包含选自下列的聚合物：聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇衍生物、淀粉、淀粉衍生物、纤维素衍生物、半纤维素、半纤维素衍生物、蛋白质、藻酸钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素、脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物、聚乙二醇、四氢呋喃、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、以及它们的混合物。
在另一个实例中，长丝形成材料包含选自下列的聚合物：支链淀粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纤维素、藻酸钠、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯树胶、聚丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、羧乙烯基聚合物、糊精、果胶、甲壳质、果聚糖、爱生兰、胶原、胶质、玉米素、谷蛋白、大豆蛋白、酪蛋白、聚乙烯醇、淀粉、淀粉衍生物、半纤维素、半纤维素衍生物、蛋白质、脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物、聚乙二醇、四氢呋喃、羟甲基纤维素、以及它们的混合物。
极性溶剂可溶解的材料
极性溶剂可溶解的材料的非限制性实例包括极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物。极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物可为合成的或天然来源的，并且可发生化学和/或物理改变。在一个实例中，极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物表现出至少10,000g/mol、和/或至少20,000g/mol、和/或至少40,000g/mol、和/或至少80,000g/mol、和/或至少100,000g/mol、和/或至少1,000,000g/mol、和/或至少3,000,000g/mol、和/或至少10,000,000g/mol、和/或至少20,000,000g/mol、和/或至约40,000,000g/mol、和/或至约30,000,000g/mol的重均分子量。
在一个实例中，极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物选自：醇可溶解的聚合物、水溶性聚合物、以及它们的混合物。水溶性聚合物的非限制性实例包括水溶性羟基聚合物、水溶性热塑性聚合物、水溶性能够生物降解的聚合物、水溶性不能够生物降解的聚合物、以及它们的混合物。在一个实例中，水溶性聚合物包括聚乙烯醇。在另一个实例中，水溶性聚合物包括淀粉。在另一个实例中，水溶性聚合物包括聚乙烯醇和淀粉。
a.水溶性羟基聚合物-依照本发明的水溶性羟基聚合物的非限制性实施例包括多元醇，如聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇衍生物、聚乙烯醇共聚物、淀粉、淀粉衍生物、淀粉共聚物、脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物、脱乙酰壳多糖共聚物、纤维素衍生物如纤维素醚和纤维素酯衍生物、纤维素共聚物、半纤维素、半纤维素衍生物、半纤维素共聚物、树胶、阿拉伯聚糖、半乳聚糖、蛋白质和多种其它多糖、以及它们的混合物。
在一个实例中，本发明的水溶性羟基聚合物包括多糖。
本文所用术语“多糖”是指天然多糖和多糖衍生物和/或改性多糖。合适地水溶性多糖包括但不限于淀粉、淀粉衍生物、脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物、纤维素衍生物、半纤维素、半纤维素衍生物、树胶、阿拉伯聚糖、半乳聚糖、以及它们的混合物。水溶性多糖可表现出约10,000g/mol至约40,000,000g/mol、和/或大于100,000g/mol、和/或大于1,000,000g/mol、和/或大于3,000,000g/mol、和/或大于3,000,000g/mol至约40,000,000g/mol的重均分子量。
水溶性多糖可包括非纤维素、和/或非纤维素衍生物、和/或非纤维素共聚物水溶性多糖。此类非纤维素水溶性多糖可选自：淀粉、淀粉衍生物、脱乙酰壳多糖、脱乙酰壳多糖衍生物、半纤维素、半纤维素衍生物、树胶、阿拉伯聚糖、半乳聚糖、以及它们的混合物。
在另一个实例中，本发明的水溶性羟基聚合物包括非热塑性聚合物。
水溶性羟基聚合物可具有约10,000g/mol至约40,000,000g/mol、和/或大于100,000g/mol、和/或大于1,000,000g/mol、和/或大于3,000,000g/mol、和/或大于3,000,000g/mol至约40,000,000g/mol的重均分子量。较高和较低分子量的水溶性羟基聚合物可与具有某个期望重均分子量的羟基聚合物联合使用。
诸如水溶性羟基聚合物例如天然淀粉的熟知改性，包括化学改性和/或酶改性。例如，天然淀粉可被酸稀化、羟乙基化、羟丙基化和/或氧化。此外，水溶性羟基聚合物可包含臼齿形玉米淀粉。
天然存在的淀粉一般是直链淀粉和D-葡萄糖单位的支链淀粉聚合物的混合物。直链淀粉基本上是D-葡萄糖单位通过(1，4)-α-D键接合的线型聚合物。支链淀粉是D-葡萄糖单位的高度支化聚合物，所述D-葡萄糖单位通过(1，4)-α-D键和(1，6)-α-D键在支化点接合。天然存在的淀粉通常包含相对高含量的支链淀粉，例如玉米淀粉(64-80％支链淀粉)、蜡质玉米(93-100％支链淀粉)、稻(83-84％支链淀粉)、马铃薯(约78％支链淀粉)和小麦(73-83％支链淀粉)。虽然所有淀粉是本文潜在可用的，本发明最常用的是高支链淀粉的天然淀粉，其来源于农业来源，这具有供应充足、易于补充和廉价的优点。
如本文所用，“淀粉”包括任何天然存在的未改性淀粉、改性淀粉、合成淀粉、以及它们的混合物，以及直链淀粉或支链淀粉部分的混合物；所述淀粉可通过物理方法、化学方法、或生物学方法、或它们的组合进行改性。本发明对未改性或改性淀粉的选择可取决于期望的最终产物。在本发明的一个实施方案中，用于本发明的淀粉或淀粉混合物具有按淀粉或其混合物重量计约20％至约100％，更典型地约40％至约90％，甚至更典型地约60％至约85％的支链淀粉含量。
合适的天然存在的淀粉可包括但不限于玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、甘薯淀粉、小麦淀粉、西谷椰子淀粉、木薯淀粉、米淀粉、大豆淀粉、竹竽淀粉、支链淀粉、蕨根淀粉、藕淀粉、蜡质玉米淀粉和高直链淀粉玉米淀粉。天然存在的淀粉尤其是玉米淀粉和小麦淀粉是优选的淀粉聚合物，这是因为它们的经济性和可用性。
可以用其它单体来接枝本文的聚乙烯醇以改变它的性能。已经成功地将大量单体接枝到聚乙烯醇上。此类单体的非限制性实例包括乙酸乙烯酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、2-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯腈、1，3-丁二烯、异丁烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸、衣康酸、乙烯基磺酸钠、烯丙基磺酸钠、甲基丙烯磺酸钠、烯丙基苯基醚磺酸钠、甲代烯丙基苯基醚磺酸钠、2-丙烯酰胺-甲基丙磺酸(AMP)、偏二氯乙烯、氯乙烯、乙烯胺和多种丙烯酸酯。
在一个实例中，水溶性羟基聚合物选自：聚乙烯醇、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、以及它们的混合物。合适的聚乙烯醇的非限制性实例包括可从SekisuiSpecialtyChemicalsAmerica，LLC(Dallas，TX)以商标商购获得的那些。合适的羟丙基甲基纤维素的非限制性实例包括可从DowChemicalCompany(Midland，MI)以商标商购获得的那些，包括上文提到的羟丙基甲基纤维素的组合。
b.水溶性热塑性聚合物-合适的水溶性热塑性聚合物的非限制性实例包括热塑性淀粉和/或淀粉衍生物、聚乳酸、多羟基链烷酸酯、聚己内酯、聚酯酰胺和某些聚酯、以及它们的混合物。
本发明的水溶性热塑性聚合物可为亲水性的或疏水性的。水溶性热塑性聚合物可经表面处理和/或内部处理以改变热塑性聚合物的固有亲水性或疏水性特性。
水溶性热塑性聚合物可包括能够生物降解的聚合物。
可使用任何合适的重均分子量的热塑性聚合物。例如，根据本发明的热塑性聚合物的重均分子量大于约10,000g/mol、和/或大于约40,000g/mol、和/或大于约50,000g/mol、和/或小于约500,000g/mol、和/或小于约400,000g/mol、和/或小于约200,000g/mol。
非极性溶剂可溶解的材料
非极性溶剂可溶解的材料的非限制性实例包括非极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物。合适的非极性溶剂可溶解的材料的非限制性实例包括纤维素、甲壳质、甲壳质衍生物、聚烯烃、聚酯、它们的共聚物、以及它们的混合物。聚烯烃的非限制性实例包括聚丙烯、聚乙烯、以及它们的混合物。聚酯的非限制性实例包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
非极性溶剂可溶解的材料可包含不能够生物降解的聚合物如聚丙烯、聚乙烯和某些聚酯。
可使用任何合适的重均分子量的热塑性聚合物。例如，根据本发明的热塑性聚合物的重均分子量大于约10,000g、和/或大于约40,000g、和/或大于约50,000g/mol、和/或小于约500,000g/mol、和/或小于约400,000g/mol、和/或小于约200,000g/mol。
活性剂
活性剂是一类添加剂，其经设计并旨在提供对除长丝本身之外的某些事物的有益效果，例如提供对长丝外部环境的有益效果。活性剂可为任何合
当长丝暴露于触发条件时，长丝能够释放出一种或多种活性剂。在一个实例中，当长丝或部分长丝丧失其同一性时，换句话讲丧失其物理结构时，所述长丝或部分长丝能够释放一种或多种活性剂。例如，当长丝形成材料溶解、熔融或发生一些其他转变步骤而使得长丝结构丧失时，长丝丧失其物理结构。在一个实例中，当长丝的形态改变时，所述长丝释放一种或多种活性剂。
在另一个实例中，当长丝或部分长丝改变其同一性时，换句话讲改变其物理结构而不是丧失其物理结构时，所述长丝或部分长丝能够释放一种或多种活性剂。例如，当长丝形成材料溶胀、起皱、变长、和/或变短但是保留其长丝形成特性时，长丝改变其物理结构。
在另一个实例中，长丝的形态不改变(不丧失或改变其物理结构)，所述长丝能够释放一种或多种活性剂。
在一个实例中，当长丝暴露于导致释放活性剂的触发条件时，例如如上所述引起长丝丧失或改变其同一性时，所述长丝能够释放活性剂。触发条件的非限制性实例包括暴露长丝于溶剂、极性溶剂如醇和/或水、和/或非极性溶剂，其可为连续的，取决于是否长丝形成材料包含极性溶剂可溶解的材料和/或非极性溶剂可溶解的材料；暴露长丝于加热，例如暴露于大于75°F、和/或大于100°F、和/或大于150°F、和/或大于200°F、和/或大于212°F的温度；暴露长丝于冷却，例如暴露于小于40°F、和/或小于32°F、和/或小于0°F的温度；暴露长丝于应力，例如暴露于使用长丝的消费者施加的拉伸力；和/或暴露长丝于化学反应；暴露长丝于导致相改变的条件；暴露长丝于pH改变和/或压力改变和/或温度改变；暴露长丝于一种或多种化学制剂，其导致长丝释放一种或多种它的活性剂；暴露长丝于超声焊接；暴露长丝于光照和/或某些波长；暴露长丝于不同的离子强度；和/或暴露长丝于释放自另一种长丝的活性剂。
在一个实例中，当包含长丝的非织造纤维网经历触发步骤时，本发明的长丝能够释放一种或多种活性剂，所述触发步骤选自：预处理在具有非织造纤维网的织物制品上的污渍；通过接触非织造纤维网与水形成洗涤液体；在烘干机中烘干非织造纤维网；在烘干机中加热非织造纤维网；以及它们的组合。
可被施用于拟使用装置处理的织物。示例性的装置包括但不限于刷子和海绵。可重复任何一个或多个前述步骤以获得期望的织物处理有益效果。
制备膜的方法
可将本发明的非织造纤维网转化成膜。用于从根据本发明的非织造纤维网制备膜的方法实例包括以下步骤：
a.提供包含多个长丝的非织造纤维网，所述长丝包含长丝形成材料例如极性溶剂可溶解的长丝形成材料；以及
b.将所述非织造纤维网转化成膜。
在本发明的一个实例中，用于从非织造纤维网制备膜的方法包括提供非织造纤维网并将所述非织造纤维网转化成膜的步骤。
将所述非织造纤维网转化成膜的步骤可包括施力于非织造纤维网的步骤。所述力可包括压缩力。可给非织造纤维网施加约0.2MPa、和/或约0.4MPa、和/或约1MPa、和/或至约10MPa、和/或至约8MPa、和/或至约6MPa的压缩力。
所述非织造纤维网可经受至少20毫秒、和/或至少50毫秒、和/或至少100毫秒、和/或至约800毫秒、和/或至约600毫秒、和/或至约400毫秒、和/或至约200毫秒的力。在一个实例中，非织造纤维网经受约400毫秒至约800毫秒的力。
非织造纤维网可在至少50℃、和/或至少100℃、和/或至少140℃、和/或至少150℃、和/或至少180℃、和/或至约200℃的温度下受力。在一个实例中，非织造纤维网在约140℃至约200℃的温度下受力。
非织造纤维网可由一卷非织造纤维网供应。可将所得膜旋拧成一卷膜。
非限制性实施例
根据本发明的长丝的非限制性实施例使用小规模设备26产生，其示意图如图5和6所示。适于分批运行的加压槽28填充有长丝形成组合物30，例如适于制备长丝的长丝形成组合物，所述长丝用作织物护理组合物和/或盘碟洗涤组合物。
使用泵32(例如PEPII型泵，其具有5.0立方厘米每转(Cc/rev)的容量，由ParkerHannifinCorporation，ZenithPumpsdivision，of。

Claims (14)

1.一种洗涤剂产品，所述洗涤剂产品包含非织造纤维网，所述非织造纤维网包含一种或多种活性剂和一种或多种极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本申请说明书所述的基重测试方法测量的小于500g/m2的基重；
其中所述洗涤剂产品包含按所述洗涤剂产品的重量计总含量为大于50%的一种或多种活性剂，以及所述极性溶剂可溶解的聚合物是水溶性羟基聚合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的洗涤剂产品，其中一种或多种活性剂当暴露于预期用途的条件时能够从所述洗涤剂产品中释放。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述一种或多种活性剂包括表面活性剂。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述一种或多种活性剂的至少一种选自药剂、毛发护理剂、空气护理剂、以及它们的混合物。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品还包含一种或多种长丝形成材料。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品包含两种或更多种不同的活性剂。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品还包含溶解助剂。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本申请说明书所述的水含量测试方法测量的0%至20%的水含量。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本申请说明书所述的溶解度测试方法测量的小于120s/g的平均崩解时间。
10.如权利要求1或2所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗涤剂产品表现出根据本申请说明书所述的溶解度测试方法测量的小于950s/g的平均溶解时间。
11.如权利要求4所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述药剂是表面护理剂或洗剂。
12.如权利要求11所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述表面护理剂是皮肤有益剂或织物护理剂。
13.如权利要求12所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述织物护理剂是地毯护理剂。
14.如权利要求11所述的洗涤剂产品，其中所述洗剂是盘碟洗涤剂。
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