CN105875314A - Pruning method for northern blueberries - Google Patents
Pruning method for northern blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN105875314A CN105875314A CN201410790617.8A CN201410790617A CN105875314A CN 105875314 A CN105875314 A CN 105875314A CN 201410790617 A CN201410790617 A CN 201410790617A CN 105875314 A CN105875314 A CN 105875314A
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Abstract
The invention relates to open field, cold shed and solar greenhouse culture pruning methods for northern blueberries, in particular to a pruning method for northern blueberries. The pruning method is characterized by comprising the following process that 1, noun defining during pruning, 2, pruning rule defining, 3, pruning of open field cultivation, 4, pruning of cold shed cultivation and 5, pruning of solar greenhouse cultivation. The method is simple and convenient and easy to implement, pruning labor is greatly saved, and the blueberry production benefits are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the north blue berry open country, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming method.
Background technology
Blue berry is described as third generation gold fruit by the world, and the cultivation research of China is started from the seventies in last century by Jilin Agriculture University
End, the ground such as Liaoning, Shandong, Heilungkiang, Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan in 2000 is in succession introduced a fine variety examination and is planted, since 2009
Cultivated area gradually expands the whole nation ten several provinces, city to.Owing to blueberry cultivation starting ratio is later, the most relevant blue berry shaping is repaiied
The report cut is the fewest.North of China cultivation blue berry is from the most different, and external short clump blue berry is cut to main with stump or burning, and north dew
Ground cultivation needs to survive the winter cold-proof, and cold canopy, greenhouse production are again without referential shaping and trimming method.Therefore, it is badly in need of exploring suitably
North blue berry shaping and trimming method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the technology invention is to provide the blue berry open country of economical and convenient, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming method,
To accelerate the development that blue berry produces, thus create huge economic benefit and social benefit.
The technical scheme is that
The northern blue berry open country of the present invention, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse pruning technique, it is characterised in that include procedure below:
1, the noun defined in pruning
Individual plant shrubbery: blue berry is shrub, and grows thickly again, therefore, it should be referred to as shrubbery.Therefore, produce field planting one strain
The shrubbery that blue berry is formed, referred to as individual plant shrubbery.
Shrubbery is high: refer to individual plant shrubbery height to shrubbery peak at earth's surface, is called for short and fills height.
Shrubbery footpath: refer to individual plant shrubbery maximum diameter, is called for short crown diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery: refer to individual plant shrubbery at earth's surface to the height at shrubbery footpath, be called for short dry height.
Shrubbery crown height: refer to the height to shrubbery peak at shrubbery footpath.
Shrubbery height=shrubbery does height+shrubbery crown height
Parachute-shaped: shrubbery height 100cm～120cm, shrubbery footpath 100cm～110cm, shrubbery does high 40cm～60cm.No
Opinion be Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry pruning according to kind, field planting seeding row spacing, suitably regulation fill high, fill footpath, dry high big
Little.General Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry plant field planting seeding row spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m.
Primary stipe: paste the branch sprouted at earth's surface before normal blue berry Seedling field planting of making a comment or criticism.Some primary stipes have branch, some primary stipes not to have
Branch.The strong sublateral shoot that has of blue berry Seedling growth occurs, and therefore, just has branch, and growing weak does not has sublateral shoot to occur, and does not just have branch.
Baseline results branch group: after referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe stayed and sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, and referred to as one
Year life baseline results branch group.Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial baseline results
Branch group, by that analogy.
Initial young sprout: paste earth's surface after referring to field run plant field planting and sprout the young sprout, the most initial young sprout.
Initial branch: the annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, the most initial branch.Initial young sprout (stain or growing point are injured rear) is sprouted
The annual shoot formed after sending out sublateral shoot, the most paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch.Initial branch is basic
It is formed without bud, the most individual other forms bud.
Initial results branch group: refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, the most annual initial results branch group.1 year
Raw initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial initial results branch group.By that analogy.
Other noun occurred herein defines routinely, such as young sprout, pinching, nutrition branch, fruitful branch.
2, the principle of pruning
The pruning principle of blue berry is: central authorities are high, and surrounding is low；Tight (close) inside, peripheral dilute (dredging)；Go flat oblique, stay upright；
Go nutrition (branch), stay result (branch)；Go old (branch) thick (branch), stay green grass or young crops (year branch) thin (vigorous branches)；The center of dredging, cissing edge；Upper contracting
Lower thin, dredge contracting suitable；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having.
3, the method for pruning
In terms of individual plant shrubbery entirety, first with cutting bavin reaping hook (squat over a long time or kneel when can avoid trimming and finishing with bavin reaping hook) patch ground
Table slices off perennial baseline results branch group and perennial initial results branch group；Adjusted by retraction, sparse branching, the thin tip with pruner again
Shrubbery growth potential balances.The pruning of outdoor cropping is carried out before surviving the winter at Growing season, cold canopy, the shaping of Cultivation in Greenhouse
Prune and carry out at Growing season, rest period.
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
Pruning for convenience, first classifies blue berry Seedling before field planting.The weak class of the strong class of growing way, growing way, only branch Seedling (
Individual primary stipe) class.Then, by classification field planting.After field planting, the Seedling that growing way is strengthened is cut and is stayed 2～3 primary stipes；Growing way is weak
Seedling cut and stay 1～2 primary stipes, the Seedling stump that indivedual growing ways are the most weak；Retraction that solely branch Seedling growing way is strong also retains 2～3
Branch, the Seedling stump that growing way is weak.Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taked after seedling planting:
First method: field planting Seedling then, sprouts and carries out pinching (effect when the initial young sprout grows into 50cm～60cm
It is that control is long, inspires shoot).Second Year, carries out slow putting to paniculate initial branch, and unramified initial branch is smeared (strip) when rudiment
Fall all buds in the range of below terminal bud 10cm～15cm (not only slow growth gesture but also reduce branch height, be conducive to into colored).
To later in pruning the required initial branch that retains, annual shoot all take this method to process.3rd year to the 4th year, really
Remove after gathering in fact and baseline results branch group grows strong prosperous branch, retain the branch that the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is healthy and strong.Emphasis cultivates initial results branch
Group, the young sprout timely pinching control retaining utilization on which is long, removes in time in fruitful branch group and grow strong prosperous branch before surviving the winter.5th year,
After fruit harvesting, baseline results branch group is all pasted ground to remove from base portion.Shaping is completed through 4 years to quinquenniad, and
Enter the best fruiting period.The best fruiting period mainly adjusts initial results branch group, reduces shrubbery height by retraction during trimming and finishing, by dredging
Branch, dredge the tip, pinching regulation growing way, after fruit harvesting to 4 years life above initial results branch groups or footpath (away from earth's surface 1.5cm
The diameter at place) paste ground the initial results branch group of more than 2.0cm and remove from base portion, fruitful branch 100/individual plant shrubbery to be kept～
140/individual plant shrubbery.
Second method: after seedling planting, the same first method of pruning of the first three years.Within 4th year to the 5th year, let alone and do not repair
Cutting, within the 6th year, surviving the winter cold-proof front every strain stump one strain, to determining the plant wanting stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as affecting institute
Retain plant, impact a little go a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of.The remaining plant of stump again before surviving the winter for 7th year, to determining
Want the plant of stump, after fruit harvesting, if the plant that retained of impact, impact a little goes a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of.
First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm～30cm, the initial young sprout reservation 15 that growth selection gesture is strong
/ individual plant shrubbery～25/individual plant shrubbery, during initial young sprout deficiency, then (this young sprout derives from flat to select the young sprout nearer away from earth's surface
Stubble time, crops for rotation stay too high and sprout, be trained initial results branch group bury when soil is survived the winter cold-proof easily cleave), remaining all goes
Fall.General in mid-September to late September, carry out pinching to there is no dormant young sprout.Second Year master after plant stump
Wanting task is to adjust initial results branch group, removes strong prosperous young sprout, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, it is ensured that fruitful branch after fruit harvesting
Reach 100/individual plant shrubbery～140/individual plant shrubbery, from the Second Year after plant stump, stop the initial young sprout sprouted.
Reduce shrubbery height by retraction during the most annual trimming and finishing, regulate growing way by sparse branching.Within the 6th year after plant stump, survive the winter
Every strain stump one strain before cold-proof, the 7th year after plant stump survive the winter before the remaining plant of stump again, thus achieve 6 years
Updated once to 7 years.This kind of pruning relatively saving of labor, it is simple to bury soil and survive the winter cold-proof, but during stump, want the underproduction 20%～30%.
The third method: simply within the 6th year, survive the winter cold-proof before every a line stump a line, within the 7th year, survive the winter cold-proof before stump remainder again
Row, the management of stump plant is with reference to second method.This kind of pruning saving of labor, is more convenient for burying soil and survives the winter cold-proof, but stump
Time the also underproduction 20%～30%.
The pruning that B, Leng Peng (hot house) cultivate
With reference to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, owing to cold canopy (hot house) cultivation fruit harvesting is planted than open country
Training early 30 days～40 days, long 30 days～40 days than outdoor cropping plant strain growth phase, after fruit harvesting, is cut by the summer and dredges in time
Except strong prosperous young sprout, keep the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong.Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and measures big, protect
Hold fruitful branch 80/individual plant shrubbery～110/individual plant shrubbery.
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
The general direct field planting of Cultivation in Greenhouse heel in after 3 years raw seedlings or outdoor cropping just entered the plant in the best fruiting period, field planting ought
Year slow Seedling, Second Year reaches product.In two stages, one is to heel in the stage before field planting in the seedlings pruning that directly field planting is heeled in, one
It it is the stage in the best fruiting period after field planting.Directly the plant pruning in the best fruiting period has just been entered in field planting outdoor cropping, with reference to rank in the best fruiting period after field planting
The pruning of section.
Heel in the pruning of seedlings: select normal field planting in strong sprout, stump after field planting.Plant stump then, the initial young sprout of sprouting
Pinching when growing into 45cm～60cm, typically in mid-September to late September, is carried out further not having dormant young sprout
Secondary pinching.Second Year, carries out slow putting, to the timely pinching of strong prosperous young sprout sprouted, removes initial results branch before surviving the winter initial branch
Strong prosperous branch on group, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Within 3rd year, act the initial young sprout stopping to sprout, before surviving the winter, remove initial results branch group
In strong prosperous branch, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Field planting in 4th year, the pruning after field planting is with reference to the pruning first of outdoor cropping
The method of kind.Ensure that fruitful branch to reach 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery.
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting: after fruit harvesting, individual plant shrubbery retains the healthy and strong fruitful branch group of the golden mean of the Confucian school 3～5
Individual, remaining all pastes ground and removes from base portion, and the fruitful branch group of reservation reduces shrubbery height by retraction, removes strong prosperous branch, weak
Branch, the timely pinching of young sprout sprouted on which.The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, pinching when growing into 50cm～70cm.
Carry out pinching during sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and the Tipping retained being regulated growing way, keep fruitful branch
Reach 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery.The kind that be not the most easily formed bud more prosperous to growth potential, in sublateral shoot pinching
Time spray 1 time～2 paclobutrazol (PP333) or 1 time～2 optional one of PBO, concentration is 1667mg/L～3333mg/L.
Detailed description of the invention
1, the noun defined in pruning
Individual plant shrubbery: blue berry is shrub, and grows thickly again, therefore, it should be referred to as shrubbery.Therefore, produce field planting one strain
The shrubbery that blue berry is formed, referred to as individual plant shrubbery.
Shrubbery is high: refer to individual plant shrubbery height to shrubbery peak at earth's surface, is called for short and fills height.
Shrubbery footpath: refer to individual plant shrubbery maximum diameter, is called for short crown diameter.
The dry height of shrubbery: refer to individual plant shrubbery at earth's surface to the height at shrubbery footpath, be called for short dry height.
Shrubbery crown height: refer to the height to shrubbery peak at shrubbery footpath.
Shrubbery height=shrubbery does height+shrubbery crown height
Parachute-shaped: shrubbery height 100cm～120cm, shrubbery footpath 100cm～110cm, shrubbery does high 40cm～60cm.No
Opinion be Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry pruning according to kind, field planting seeding row spacing, suitably regulation fill high, fill footpath, dry high big
Little.General Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry plant field planting seeding row spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m.
Primary stipe: paste the branch sprouted at earth's surface before normal blue berry Seedling field planting of making a comment or criticism.Some primary stipes have branch, some primary stipes not to have
Branch.
Baseline results branch group: after referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe stayed and sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, and referred to as one
Year life baseline results branch group.Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial baseline results
Branch group, by that analogy.
Initial young sprout: paste earth's surface after referring to field run plant field planting and sprout the young sprout, the most initial young sprout.
Initial branch: the annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, the most initial branch.The annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed after sprouting sublateral shoot,
It is referred to as paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch.
Initial results branch group: refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, the most annual initial results branch group.1 year
Raw initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial initial results branch group.By that analogy.
2, the principle of pruning
The pruning principle of blue berry is: central authorities are high, and surrounding is low；Tight inside, peripheral dilute；Go flat oblique, stay upright；Go nutrition, stay
Result；Go uneducated person, stay blue or green thin；The center of dredging, cissing edge；Dredge under upper contracting, dredge contracting suitable；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having.
3, the method for pruning
In terms of individual plant shrubbery entirety, first with cut bavin reaping hook patch earth's surface slice off perennial baseline results branch group and perennial initial results branch
Group；Adjust shrubbery growth potential with pruner balance by retraction, sparse branching, the thin tip again.The pruning of outdoor cropping is at Growing season
Carrying out before surviving the winter, cold canopy, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse are carried out at Growing season, rest period.
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
Pruning for convenience, first classifies blue berry Seedling before field planting.The weak class of the strong class of growing way, growing way, only branch Seedling one
Class.Then, by classification field planting.After field planting, the Seedling that growing way is strengthened is cut and is stayed 2～3 primary stipes；The weak Seedling of growing way cut stay 1～
2 primary stipes, the Seedling stump that indivedual growing ways are the most weak；Retraction that solely branch Seedling growing way is strong also retains 2～3 branches, the Seedling that growing way is weak
Stump.Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taked after seedling planting:
First method: field planting Seedling then, sprouts when the initial young sprout grows into 50cm～60cm and carries out pinching.Second
Year, paniculate initial branch is carried out slow putting, unramified initial branch is smeared (strip) and is fallen below terminal bud 10cm～15cm when rudiment
In the range of all buds.To later in pruning the required initial branch that retains, annual shoot all take this method to process.The
3 years to the 4th year, remove after fruit harvesting and baseline results branch group grows strong prosperous branch, retain the branch that the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is healthy and strong.Weight
Point cultivates initial results branch group, and the young sprout timely pinching control retaining utilization on which is long, removes in fruitful branch group raw before surviving the winter in time
The prosperous branch of changqiang.5th year, after fruit harvesting, baseline results branch group is all pasted ground and remove from base portion.Through 4 years to five years
Time complete shaping, and enter the best fruiting period.The best fruiting period mainly adjusts initial results branch group, is dropped by retraction during trimming and finishing
Low shrubbery height, by sparse branching, dredges the tip, pinching regulation growing way, after fruit harvesting to 4 years life above initial results branch groups or
The initial results branch group of ground footpath more than 2.0cm pastes ground and removes from base portion, and fruitful branch 100/individual plant shrubbery to be kept～140/
Individual plant shrubbery.
Second method: after seedling planting, the same first method of pruning of the first three years.Within 4th year to the 5th year, let alone and do not repair
Cutting, within the 6th year, surviving the winter cold-proof front every strain stump one strain, to determining the plant wanting stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as affecting institute
Retain plant, impact a little go a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of.The remaining plant of stump again before surviving the winter for 7th year, to determining
Want the plant of stump, after fruit harvesting, if the plant that retained of impact, impact a little goes a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of.
First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm～30cm, the initial young sprout reservation 15 that growth selection gesture is strong
/ individual plant shrubbery～25/individual plant shrubbery, during initial young sprout deficiency, then select the young sprout nearer away from earth's surface, and remaining all removes.One
As in mid-September to late September, carry out pinching to there is no dormant young sprout.Second Year main task after plant stump
It is to adjust initial results branch group, after fruit harvesting, removes strong prosperous young sprout, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, it is ensured that fruitful branch to reach
100/individual plant shrubbery～140/individual plant shrubbery, stop the initial young sprout sprouted from the Second Year after plant stump.The most every
Reduce shrubbery height by retraction during year trimming and finishing, regulate growing way by sparse branching.After plant stump the 6th year survive the winter cold-proof before
Every strain stump one strain, the 7th year after plant stump survive the winter before the remaining plant of stump again, thus achieve 6 years to 7 years
Update once.This kind of pruning relatively saving of labor, it is simple to bury soil and survive the winter cold-proof, but during stump, want the underproduction 20%～30%.
The third method: simply within the 6th year, survive the winter cold-proof before every a line stump a line, within the 7th year, survive the winter cold-proof before stump remainder again
Row, the management of stump plant is with reference to second method.This kind of pruning saving of labor, is more convenient for burying soil and survives the winter cold-proof, but stump
Time the also underproduction 20%～30%.
The pruning of B, cold canopy cultivation
With reference to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, due to cold canopy cultivation fruit harvesting than outdoor cropping Zao 30 days～40
My god, long 30 days～40 days than outdoor cropping plant strain growth phase, after fruit harvesting, cut by the summer and remove strong prosperous young sprout in time,
Keep the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong.Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and measures big, 80, fruitful branch to be kept
/ individual plant shrubbery～110/individual plant shrubbery.
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
The general direct field planting of Cultivation in Greenhouse heel in after 3 years raw seedlings or outdoor cropping just entered the plant in the best fruiting period, field planting ought
Year slow Seedling, Second Year reaches product.In two stages, one is to heel in the stage before field planting in the seedlings pruning that directly field planting is heeled in, one
It it is the stage in the best fruiting period after field planting.Directly the plant pruning in the best fruiting period has just been entered in field planting outdoor cropping, with reference to rank in the best fruiting period after field planting
The pruning of section.
Heel in the pruning of seedlings: select normal field planting in strong sprout, stump after field planting.Plant stump then, the initial young sprout of sprouting
Pinching when growing into 45cm～60cm, typically in mid-September to late September, is carried out further not having dormant young sprout
Secondary pinching.Second Year, carries out slow putting, to the timely pinching of strong prosperous young sprout sprouted, removes initial results branch before surviving the winter initial branch
Strong prosperous branch on group, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Within 3rd year, act the initial young sprout stopping to sprout, before surviving the winter, remove initial results branch group
In strong prosperous branch, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch.Field planting in 4th year, the pruning after field planting is with reference to the pruning first of outdoor cropping
The method of kind.Ensure that fruitful branch to reach 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery.
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting: after fruit harvesting, individual plant shrubbery retains the healthy and strong fruitful branch group of the golden mean of the Confucian school 3～5
Individual, remaining all pastes ground and removes from base portion, the fruitful branch group of reservation by retraction reduce shrubbery height, by remove strong prosperous branch,
Weak branch, the timely pinching of young sprout sprouted on which.The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, plucks when growing into 50cm～70cm
The heart.Carry out pinching during sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and the Tipping retained being regulated growing way, keep knot
Fruit branch reaches 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery.The kind that be not the most easily formed bud more prosperous to growth potential, at sublateral shoot
Spraying during pinching 1 time～2 paclobutrazols or 1 time～2 optional one of PBO, concentration is 1667mg/L～3333mg/L.
Claims (1)
1. north blue berry shaping and trimming method, is divided into open country, Leng Peng, Cultivation in Greenhouse shaping and trimming method, and its feature exists
In including procedure below:
One, the noun defined in pruning
Individual plant shrubbery: the shrubbery in production, field planting one strain blue berry formed, referred to as individual plant shrubbery；
Shrubbery is high: refer to individual plant shrubbery height to shrubbery peak at earth's surface, is called for short and fills height；
Shrubbery footpath: refer to individual plant shrubbery maximum diameter, is called for short crown diameter；
The dry height of shrubbery: refer to individual plant shrubbery at earth's surface to the height at shrubbery footpath, be called for short dry height；
Shrubbery crown height: refer to the height to shrubbery peak at shrubbery footpath；
Shrubbery height=shrubbery does height+shrubbery crown height
Parachute-shaped: shrubbery height 100cm～120cm, shrubbery footpath 100cm～110cm, shrubbery does high 40cm～60cm, no
Opinion be Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry pruning according to kind, field planting seeding row spacing, suitably regulation fill high, fill footpath, dry high big
Little, general Gao Cong, half high clump blue berry plant field planting seeding row spacing are 1.0m × 2.0m；
Primary stipe: paste the branch sprouted at earth's surface before normal blue berry Seedling field planting of making a comment or criticism；
Baseline results branch group: after referring to field run plant field planting, cuts the primary stipe stayed and sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, and referred to as one
Year life baseline results branch group；Annual baseline results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial baseline results
Branch group, by that analogy；
Initial young sprout: paste earth's surface after referring to field run plant field planting and sprout the young sprout, the most initial young sprout；
Initial branch: the annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed, the most initial branch；The annual shoot that initial young sprout is formed after sprouting sublateral shoot,
It is referred to as paniculate initial branch, otherwise, it is called unramified initial branch；
Initial results branch group: refer to that initial branch sprouts new buds, and have flower_bud formation, the most annual initial results branch group；1 year
Raw initial results branch group sprouts new buds, and has flower_bud formation, the most biennial initial results branch group, by that analogy；
Two, the principle of pruning
The pruning principle of blue berry is: central authorities are high, and surrounding is low；Tight inside, peripheral dilute；Go flat oblique, stay upright；Go nutrition, stay
Result；Go uneducated person, stay blue or green thin.The center of dredging, cissing edge；Dredge under upper contracting, dredge contracting suitable；Dredge is not cut more, scaling degree of having；
Three, the method for pruning
In terms of individual plant shrubbery entirety, first with cut bavin reaping hook patch earth's surface slice off perennial baseline results branch group and perennial initial results branch
Group；Adjust shrubbery growth potential with pruner balance by retraction, sparse branching, the thin tip again；The pruning of outdoor cropping is at Growing season
Carrying out before surviving the winter, cold canopy, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse are carried out at Growing season, rest period；
A, the pruning of outdoor cropping
Pruning for convenience, first classifies blue berry Seedling before field planting；The weak class of the strong class of growing way, growing way, only branch Seedling one
Class；Then, by classification field planting；After field planting, the Seedling that growing way is strengthened is cut and is stayed 2～3 primary stipes；The weak Seedling of growing way cut stay 1～
2 primary stipes, the Seedling stump that indivedual growing ways are the most weak；Retraction that solely branch Seedling growing way is strong also retains 2～3 branches, the Seedling that growing way is weak
Stump；Following three kinds of shaping and trimming methods are taked after seedling planting:
First method: field planting Seedling then, sprouts when the initial young sprout grows into 50cm～60cm and carries out pinching；Second
Paniculate initial branch carries out in year slow putting, and unramified initial branch is smeared (strip) and is fallen below terminal bud 10cm～15cm when rudiment
In the range of all buds；To later in pruning the required initial branch that retains, annual shoot all take this method to process；The
3 years to the 4th year, remove after fruit harvesting and baseline results branch group grows strong prosperous branch, retain the branch that the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is healthy and strong；Weight
Point cultivates initial results branch group, and the young sprout timely pinching control retaining utilization on which is long, removes in fruitful branch group raw before surviving the winter in time
The prosperous branch of changqiang；5th year, after fruit harvesting, baseline results branch group is all pasted ground and remove from base portion；Through 4 years to five years
Time complete shaping, and enter the best fruiting period；The best fruiting period mainly adjusts initial results branch group, is dropped by retraction during trimming and finishing
Low shrubbery height, by sparse branching, dredges the tip, pinching regulation growing way, after fruit harvesting to 4 years life above initial results branch groups or
Footpath, ground is pasted ground the initial results branch group of more than 2.0cm and is removed from base portion, fruitful branch 100/individual plant shrubbery to be kept～140
Individual/individual plant shrubbery；
Second method: after seedling planting, the same first method of pruning of the first three years；Within 4th year to the 5th year, let alone and do not repair
Cutting, within the 6th year, surviving the winter cold-proof front every strain stump one strain, to determining the plant wanting stump, after fruit harvesting, as long as affecting institute
Retain plant, impact a little go a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of；The remaining plant of stump again before surviving the winter for 7th year, to determining
Want the plant of stump, after fruit harvesting, if the plant that retained of impact, impact a little goes a bit, affect a piece of go a piece of；
First Year after plant stump, when young sprout grows into 20cm～30cm, the initial young sprout reservation 15 that growth selection gesture is strong
/ individual plant shrubbery～25/individual plant shrubbery, during initial young sprout deficiency, then select the young sprout nearer away from earth's surface, and remaining all removes；One
As in mid-September to late September, carry out pinching to there is no dormant young sprout；Second Year main task after plant stump
It is to adjust initial results branch group, after fruit harvesting, removes strong prosperous young sprout, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness young sprout, it is ensured that fruitful branch to reach
100/individual plant shrubbery～140/individual plant shrubbery, stop the initial young sprout sprouted from the Second Year after plant stump；The most every
Reduce shrubbery height by retraction during year trimming and finishing, regulate growing way by sparse branching；After plant stump the 6th year survive the winter cold-proof before
Every strain stump one strain, the 7th year after plant stump survive the winter before the remaining plant of stump again, thus achieve 6 years to 7 years
Update once；This kind of pruning relatively saving of labor, it is simple to bury soil and survive the winter cold-proof, but during stump, want the underproduction 20%～30%；
The third method: simply within the 6th year, survive the winter cold-proof before every a line stump a line, within the 7th year, survive the winter cold-proof before stump remainder again
Row, the management of stump plant is with reference to second method；This kind of pruning saving of labor, is more convenient for burying soil and survives the winter cold-proof, but stump
Time the also underproduction 20%～30%；
The pruning that B, Leng Peng (hot house) cultivate
With reference to the first method of outdoor cropping pruning, owing to cold canopy (hot house) cultivation fruit harvesting is planted than open country
Training early 30 days～40 days, long 30 days～40 days than outdoor cropping plant strain growth phase, after fruit harvesting, is cut by the summer and dredges in time
Except strong prosperous young sprout, keep the shrubbery golden mean of the Confucian school healthy and strong；Cold canopy cultivating plants formation bud is easier than outdoor cropping and measures big, protect
Hold fruitful branch 80/individual plant shrubbery～110/individual plant shrubbery；
C, the pruning of Cultivation in Greenhouse
The general direct field planting of Cultivation in Greenhouse heel in after 3 years raw seedlings or outdoor cropping just entered the plant in the best fruiting period, field planting ought
Year slow Seedling, Second Year reaches product；In two stages, one is to heel in the stage before field planting in the seedlings pruning that directly field planting is heeled in, one
It it is the stage in the best fruiting period after field planting；Directly the plant pruning in the best fruiting period has just been entered in field planting outdoor cropping, with reference to rank in the best fruiting period after field planting
The pruning of section；
Heel in the pruning of seedlings: select normal field planting in strong sprout, stump after field planting；Plant stump then, the initial young sprout of sprouting
Pinching when growing into 45cm～60cm, typically in mid-September to late September, is carried out further not having dormant young sprout
Secondary pinching；Second Year, carries out slow putting, to the timely pinching of strong prosperous young sprout sprouted, removes initial results branch before surviving the winter initial branch
Strong prosperous branch on group, retains golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch；Within 3rd year, act the initial young sprout stopping to sprout, before surviving the winter, remove initial results branch group
In strong prosperous branch, retain golden mean of the Confucian school stalwartness branch；Field planting in 4th year, the pruning after field planting is with reference to the pruning first of outdoor cropping
The method of kind；Ensure that fruitful branch to reach 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery；
Stage in best fruiting period pruning after field planting: after fruit harvesting, individual plant shrubbery retains the healthy and strong fruitful branch group of the golden mean of the Confucian school 3～5
Individual, remaining all pastes ground and removes from base portion, the fruitful branch group of reservation by retraction reduce shrubbery height, by remove strong prosperous branch,
Weak branch, the timely pinching of young sprout sprouted on which；The initial young sprout sprouted after pruning, plucks when growing into 50cm～70cm
The heart；Carry out secondary pinching during sublateral shoot semi-lignified, by removing strong prosperous young sprout and the Tipping retained being regulated growing way, protect
Hold fruitful branch and reach 70/individual plant shrubbery～100/individual plant shrubbery；The kind that be not the most easily formed bud more prosperous to growth potential,
Spray during sublateral shoot pinching 1 time～2 paclobutrazols or 1 time～2 optional one of PBO, concentration be 1667mg/L～
3333mg/L。
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| CN107646395A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-02 | 青岛隆辉农业开发有限公司 | A kind of efficient, protecting field blueberry summer of increasing yield and improving quality cuts down formula pruning method |
| CN107873426A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-06 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Labor-saving elder shaping and trimming method |
| CN111512868A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Plant shaping culture method for promoting high yield of Yunnan red edible roses |
| CN111727839A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-02 | 上饶市林业科学研究所 | Shaping and trimming method for container landscape seedlings of thick-skinned incense |
| CN111771564A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-16 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Greenhouse blueberry postharvest trimming method |
| CN113854031A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-31 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Cultivation method for simplified main stem tree form of blueberry |
| CN115039622A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Blueberry flower promoting and trimming method |
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| CN111771564B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-11-26 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Greenhouse blueberry postharvest trimming method |
| CN113854031A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-31 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Cultivation method for simplified main stem tree form of blueberry |
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