WO2016020808A1 - 表示装置、および運転支援システム - Google Patents
表示装置、および運転支援システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016020808A1 WO2016020808A1 PCT/IB2015/055800 IB2015055800W WO2016020808A1 WO 2016020808 A1 WO2016020808 A1 WO 2016020808A1 IB 2015055800 W IB2015055800 W IB 2015055800W WO 2016020808 A1 WO2016020808 A1 WO 2016020808A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- display panel
- display
- layer
- display device
- light
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F21/00—Mobile visual advertising
- G09F21/04—Mobile visual advertising by land vehicles
- G09F21/049—Mobile visual advertising by land vehicles giving information to passengers inside the vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
- B60J3/02—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in position
- B60J3/0204—Sun visors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
- B60R11/0229—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for displays, e.g. cathodic tubes
- B60R11/0235—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof for displays, e.g. cathodic tubes of flat type, e.g. LCD
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/001—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0028—Ceiling, e.g. roof rails
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
- B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
- B60R2011/0035—Sun visors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
- B60R2011/0042—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means
- B60R2011/008—Adjustable or movable supports
- B60R2011/0082—Adjustable or movable supports collapsible, e.g. for storing after use
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/92—Driver displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2354/00—Aspects of interface with display user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2380/00—Specific applications
- G09G2380/02—Flexible displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2380/00—Specific applications
- G09G2380/10—Automotive applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/311—Flexible OLED
Definitions
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device.
- the present invention relates to a display device that can be mounted on a vehicle.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a driving support system.
- one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field.
- a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, a power storage device, a memory device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof can be given as an example.
- a navigation system is known as one of the driving support systems.
- the navigation system includes a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, and supports driving by displaying a map, position information, a route to a destination, traffic information, and the like on a display unit of the display device.
- a display device typically, a liquid crystal display device, a light emitting device including a light emitting element such as an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element or a light emitting diode (LED), an electron that performs display by an electrophoresis method, or the like.
- a light emitting device including a light emitting element such as an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element or a light emitting diode (LED), an electron that performs display by an electrophoresis method, or the like.
- a light emitting element such as an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element or a light emitting diode (LED)
- an electron that performs display by an electrophoresis method or the like.
- the basic structure of the organic EL element is a structure in which a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. Light emission can be obtained from the light-emitting organic compound by applying a voltage to this element. Since a display device to which such an organic EL element is applied does not require a backlight that is necessary for a liquid crystal display device or the like, a thin, lightweight, high-contrast display device with low power consumption can be realized.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a flexible active matrix light-emitting device including a transistor or an organic EL element as a switching element on a film substrate.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device or a driving support system in which a driver can easily obtain information. Another object is to provide a display device or a driving support system that is not burdensome to the driver. Another object is to provide a display device or a driving support system suitable for space saving. Another object is to provide a display device or a driving support system that can display a large area. Another object is to provide a display device or a driving support system that does not impair the aesthetics of a vehicle. Another object is to provide a novel display device or a driving support system.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including a display panel and a driving unit, and can be installed inside a moving body.
- the display panel is flexible and can be transformed into a first form and a second form.
- the first form is a form in which the display panel is suspended.
- the display panel is housed upward.
- the drive means has a function of reversibly changing the display panel between the first form and the second form.
- another embodiment of the present invention is a display device having a display panel and a driving means, and can be installed in an upper part of the front of the driver's seat of the vehicle body.
- the display panel is flexible and can be transformed into a first form and a second form.
- the first form is a form in which the display panel is suspended and the display surface is located in a range that can be visually recognized by the driver.
- the display panel is housed upward.
- the driving means has a function of reversibly deforming the display panel between the first form and the second form.
- a driving support system that includes a control unit, a detection unit, a first imaging unit, and a display device, and can be incorporated into a vehicle body.
- the detection means has a function of detecting the state of the transmission of the vehicle body and a function of outputting detection information to the control unit.
- the first imaging means has a function of imaging the rear of the vehicle body.
- the display device has a display panel and driving means, and can be installed in the upper part of the vehicle body in front of the driver's seat.
- the display panel is flexible and can be transformed into a first form and a second form.
- the first form is a form in which the display panel is suspended and the display surface is located in a range that can be visually recognized by the driver.
- the display panel is housed upward.
- the driving means has a function of reversibly deforming the display panel between the first form and the second form.
- the control unit has a function of switching to the first state or the second state based on the detection information.
- the first state is a state in which the display panel is in the first form and the first video imaged by the first imaging means is displayed on the display surface of the display panel.
- the second state the display on the display surface of the display panel is stopped, and the display panel is in the second form.
- the display panel is stored so as to be folded in the second mode.
- the display panel is preferably housed so as to be wound up in the second embodiment.
- the control unit preferably has a function of switching to the first state when the detection information is backward. At this time, it is preferable that a 1st form is a form in which the lower end of a display panel is located below the height of a driver
- the control unit has a function of detecting position information of the target from the first video, a function of determining the direction in which the vehicle body should be advanced from the position information, and a first state on the display surface in the first state. And a function for displaying an image indicating a direction in which the handle should be operated.
- the control unit has a function of switching to the third state when the detection information is forward.
- the third state is a state in which the display panel is in the third form and the first video is displayed on the display surface.
- the third form is a form in which the lower end of the display panel is positioned higher than the height of the driver's viewpoint.
- the control unit has a function of displaying, on the display surface of the display panel, the second image captured by the second imaging unit in the first state.
- the control unit has a function of displaying, on the display surface of the display panel, the second image captured by the second imaging unit in the first state.
- the control unit has a function of displaying, on the display surface of the display panel, the second image captured by the second imaging unit in the first state.
- the first state and the third state it is preferable to have a function of displaying the second image captured by the second imaging unit on the display surface of the display panel.
- control unit has a function of displaying the first image on the display surface of the display panel by horizontally inverting the first image in the first state or the first state and the third state.
- one embodiment of the present invention is a vehicle that includes the display device or the driving support system, and the display device is attached to an upper portion of a vehicle body interior.
- the display device is attached to a position that is covered when the sun visor is raised.
- the display device is preferably attached to the sun visor.
- a display device or a driving support system in which a driver can easily obtain information.
- a display device or a driving support system that is less burdensome to the driver.
- a display device or a driving support system suitable for space saving can be provided.
- a novel display device or driving support system can be provided.
- 6A and 6B are a configuration example and an application example of a display device according to an embodiment.
- the structural example of the display apparatus and vehicle which concerns on embodiment. 6A and 6B are a configuration example and an application example of a display device according to an embodiment.
- 6A and 6B are a configuration example and an application example of a display device according to an embodiment.
- 6A and 6B are a configuration example and an application example of a display device according to an embodiment.
- 6A and 6B are a configuration example and an application example of a display device according to an embodiment.
- the structural example of the system and vehicle which concerns on embodiment. 4A and 4B each illustrate a mode of a display device according to Embodiment; The flowchart which concerns on embodiment.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a light-emitting panel according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a light-emitting panel according to an embodiment.
- 8A and 8B illustrate an example of a method for manufacturing a light-emitting panel according to Embodiment.
- FIG. 8A and 8B illustrate an example of a method for manufacturing a light-emitting panel according to Embodiment.
- the figure which shows an example of the touchscreen based on Embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the touchscreen based on Embodiment.
- the figure which shows an example of the touchscreen based on Embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the touchscreen based on Embodiment.
- the block diagram and timing chart figure of a touch sensor The circuit diagram of a touch sensor.
- film and “layer” may be interchangeable in some cases.
- conductive layer may be changed to the term “conductive film”.
- insulating film may be changed to the term “insulating layer” in some cases.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is a display device that can be suitably attached to the interior of an automobile. In particular, it can be attached to or built into the interior of an upper part such as the ceiling of an automobile.
- the display device includes a flexible display panel and driving means for changing the form of the display panel.
- the driving means By the driving means, the display panel can be reversibly deformed between a form in which the display surface of the display panel is suspended from the upper part of the automobile and a form in which the display panel is housed in the upper part.
- the display panel can be stored in a wound form or a folded form.
- Such a display device can be arranged not only in front of the driver's seat but also in front of the passenger seat and the rear seat. As a result, passengers other than the driver can view images and videos. Since the display panel of the display device can be stored, a display panel having a large display area can be used as compared with a conventional stationary display device. Therefore, it is possible to save space while providing a lot of information. In addition, there is a high degree of freedom in the installation location, and it can be attached to car bodies of various body sizes. In addition, since the display panel is flexible, there is a low risk of injury even if a passenger collides with the display panel due to an accident, etc., so it is extremely safe compared to conventional display devices. It can be said.
- the following configuration can be adopted.
- Display device installation example 1A to 1C illustrate an example in which the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is attached to the interior of an automobile.
- the example which attached the display apparatus 50 to the upper part (upper diagonal front) of the front of a driver's seat is shown.
- the automobile has a windshield 61, a transmission lever 62, a sun visor 63, a handle 64, and the like inside.
- a case where the navigation system 65 is incorporated in the automobile is shown.
- FIG. 1A shows a state where the sun visor 63 is raised (stored), and FIG. 1B shows a state where the sun visor 63 is lowered.
- the display device 50 can be suitably provided at a position that is covered when the sun visor 63 is raised. Therefore, the display device 50 can be attached to the vehicle body without deteriorating the aesthetics of the interior of the automobile.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show a state in which the display panel 51 of the display device 50 is accommodated.
- a state is shown in which the display panel 51 is housed inside the ceiling (inside the ceiling surface).
- the display panel 51 can be transformed into a suspended form.
- the display surface of the display panel 51 has a planar shape or a curved surface shape, and the display surface is located within a range that can be visually recognized by the driver.
- the operation part 66 for operating the shape of the display panel 51 of the display apparatus 50 is integrated in the handle 64 which a vehicle body has is shown.
- a switch or a touch panel can be used as the operation unit 66.
- the display panel 51 can be deformed by the driving means 52 of the display device 50 described later.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a vehicle 60 in which the display device 50 is incorporated.
- the vehicle 60 includes, for example, a display device 50, an image output unit 67, an operation unit 66, and the like.
- the display device 50 includes a display panel 51 and driving means 52.
- the display panel 51 has flexibility, a state in which the display surface is expanded (expanded) to be a flat surface or a curved surface, and a form in which the display panel 51 is wound and stored, or is folded and stored. It can be transformed into a form.
- the driving means 52 included in the display device 50 is a display panel reversibly between a form in which at least a part of the display surface of the display panel 51 is suspended and a form in which the display panel 51 is accommodated upward. 51 can be modified.
- the driving unit 52 can be operated by the operation unit 66, for example.
- the image output means 67 can be connected to the display panel 51. Images and images output from the image output means 67 can be displayed on the display surface of the display panel 51.
- the display panel 51 can display an image of a camera (imaging means) provided outside the vehicle body, which will be described later, by the image output means 67, as well as map information, traffic information, own vehicle position information, and a route and distance to the destination. Various information such as information such as traveling direction and estimated arrival time, time, speed, direction, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, inclination angle, altitude, and the like can be displayed.
- Examples of the image output means 67 include a television broadcast receiver (tuner), a media playback device that plays back video information recorded in a storage device such as a CD, DVD, or memory card.
- an image output means 67 By connecting such an image output means 67 to the display device 50, it is possible to display a television broadcast, various videos, and the like on the display panel 51.
- an information terminal such as a notebook PC, a tablet terminal, a mobile phone, and a smartphone, a portable game machine, and the like and the image output means 67 can be connected wirelessly or by wire. Thereby, the video transmitted from these information terminals and game machines can be displayed on the display panel 51 via the image output means 67.
- the display panel 51 of the display device 50 may have a function as a touch panel. At this time, it is preferable to display an image such as an application or an icon associated with the operation on the display panel 51. In this way, an intuitive operation can be facilitated. Further, for example, the map may be moved, enlarged, or reduced by a touch operation.
- 1C shows the case where the display panel 51 is positioned so as to overlap from the upper end to the lower end of the windshield 61 when viewed from the driver's seat, the embodiment is such that it is positioned so as to overlap a part of the windshield 61. It is good.
- the display panel 51 may be deformed so that the lower end of the display panel 51 is positioned so as to overlap the windshield 61 when viewed from the driver.
- the driver's forward view is not obstructed, so the driver can drive in this state.
- the lower end of the display panel 51 is located in the range of 50% or less, the range of 30% or less, or the range of 20% or less from the upper end of the windshield 61 as viewed from the driver so that the driver's field of view can be secured.
- FIG. 1 shows the case where the display device 50 is incorporated in the upper front part of the driver's seat, but the display device 50 may be incorporated at a position where it can be seen from other seats.
- FIG. 3B shows an example of a configuration in which the display device 50 is provided in the upper part in front of the passenger seat. A passenger in the passenger seat can freely operate the form of the display panel 51 of the display device 50 by using the operation unit 66 provided on the side of the seat.
- a display device 50 may be provided at a position covering a window provided on the side of the vehicle body. In this way, by arranging the display device 50 on the side of the seat, it is possible to block the ultraviolet rays that pass through the window. At this time, for example, by displaying an image of the side of the vehicle on the display panel 51, the range that becomes the blind spot of the driver can be reduced.
- each display device 50 can be configured such that a part of the display panel 51 overlaps a part of the front seat in a suspended form. With such a configuration, passengers seated on the right side and the left side of the rear seat can individually enjoy images. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, a display device 50 having one large display panel 51 may be incorporated in the vehicle body ceiling. At this time, the display panel 51 may be suspended so as to overlap both a part of the passenger seat and a part of the driver seat. By adopting such a configuration, passengers in the rear seat can enjoy images on a larger screen.
- the display device 50 illustrated in FIG. 4C may be disposed instead of the two display devices 50 illustrated in FIG. 3B, for example. That is, the display device 50 may be provided so that one large display panel 51 is disposed from the front of the driver seat to the front of the passenger seat.
- the display panel 51 is flexible, so that a passenger in the rear seat collides with the display panel 51 due to an accident or the like. Even if it is, the risk of serious injury is low and safety is high. For example, compared to the case where a display device such as a conventional liquid crystal display device is incorporated in the headrest of the driver's seat or passenger's seat, in addition to the effect that images can be enjoyed in a larger area, there is a high safety advantage. It can be said.
- the position where the display device 50 is incorporated is not limited to this, and can be incorporated at various positions such as a ceiling or a door in the vehicle.
- the display device 50 can be installed at a position along the display panel 51 along a window portion (glass or the like provided on the rear or side) other than the windshield 61.
- the display device 50 is arranged on the upper part of the vehicle body, and the display panel 51 is suspended.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the display panel 51 may be pulled out in the horizontal direction, or the display panel 51 may be pulled out from the lower side toward the upper side.
- the position of the operation unit 66 described above is not limited to this, and can be incorporated at least at a position where the driver or passenger can operate.
- it can be arranged in various parts such as an armrest, a ceiling, a dashboard, and a door in a vehicle.
- the navigation system 65 may have a function as the above-described image output unit 67 and display a video or an image output from the navigation system 65 on the display panel 51. Further, a function as the operation unit 66 may be added to the navigation system 65. By doing so, it is not necessary to incorporate the operation unit 66 in the interior of the vehicle, so that the display device 50 can be applied without impairing the beauty of the interior of the vehicle.
- FIGS. 5A1 and 5A2 are schematic cross-sectional views inside the vehicle body of the vehicle 60.
- FIG. 5A1 and 5A2 are schematic cross-sectional views inside the vehicle body of the vehicle 60.
- a recess is provided in the ceiling 68 of the vehicle body, and the display device 50 is installed in the recess.
- a display device 50 illustrated in FIGS. 5A1 and 5A2 includes a winding mechanism 53 and a display panel 51.
- the winding mechanism 53 corresponds to the driving unit 52 described above.
- FIG. 5 (A1) shows an example in which the display panel 51 is suspended. From this state, the display panel 51 is wound by the winding mechanism 53, whereby the display panel 51 can be transformed into a form in which the display panel 51 is wound as shown in FIG.
- the display device 50 is provided inside the ceiling 68. Further, when the display device 51 is installed at a position where the exposed part of the display device 50 can be covered with the sun visor 63 when the display panel 51 is wound up as shown in FIG. Is preferable because it does not impair.
- FIG. 5 (B1) and 5 (B2) show a configuration example of the display device 50 in which the display panel 51 can be folded and stored.
- the display panel 51 is folded in a bellows shape by a lifting mechanism (not shown) from the form in which the display panel 51 is suspended as shown in FIG. 5 (B1), and as shown in FIG.
- the display panel 51 can be transformed into a form housed in the 68 recesses.
- FIG. 5 (B2) it is preferable to install the display device 50 at a position covered with the sun visor 63 when the display panel 51 is accommodated.
- the display device 50 can include a housing 54 that can be attached to the vehicle body, and the housing 54 can be installed at an arbitrary position on the vehicle body.
- a form in which the display panel 51 or the like is incorporated in the housing 54 and can be attached to an arbitrary position by the user can also be called a display unit.
- FIG. 5D shows an example in which the casing 54 is attached to the sun visor 63. At this time, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the casing 54 so that the casing 54 does not contact the ceiling 68 with the sun visor 63 raised.
- FIG. 5D an example in which the sun visor 63 is raised in a state where the display panel 51 is wound up is indicated by a broken line.
- FIGS. 5B1 and 5B2 show a structure in which the winding mechanism 53 and the display panel 51 are provided inside the housing 54, the display panel is shown in FIGS. 5B1 and 5B2. It is good also as a structure which can fold 51 and can accommodate.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be suitably applied not only to a general passenger car but also to a special vehicle that assumes a special application.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show an example of a special vehicle having a shutter 91 that can cover the front surface of the windshield 61.
- the shutter 91 is reversible between a form stored in the ceiling 68 of the vehicle body and a form covering the front surface of the windshield 61 as shown in FIG. 6B. Can be changed.
- the vehicle travels with the shutter retracted as shown in FIG. 6A, and in a special situation, the shutter 91 can be lowered as shown in FIG. 6B.
- the shutter 91 can be lowered as shown in FIG. 6B.
- FIG. 6B shows an example of a special vehicle having a shutter 91 that can cover the front surface of the windshield 61.
- shutter 91 that covers the windshield 61 is shown here, but it is preferable to provide the shutter 91 that can cover other windows (glass or the like provided on the rear or side).
- a material that does not transmit radiation can be used for the shutter 91.
- a material having high physical strength such as a metal or alloy having a thickness of 5 mm or more can be used for the shutter 91. Such materials often do not transmit visible light.
- a small window can be provided in the shutter 91 in order to visually recognize the situation around the vehicle body.
- the field of view is narrow and the surrounding situation is grasped in detail. It may not be possible.
- the display panel 51 can be used even when the entire window portion such as the windshield 61 is covered with the shutter 91 as illustrated in FIG.
- the surrounding video imaged by the imaging means described later can be displayed.
- it since it is not necessary to provide a window part in the shutter 91, it can be set as a special vehicle with less danger.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any moving body other than an automobile.
- moving bodies such as buses, trains and locomotives, civil vehicles or construction vehicles such as cranes and bulldozers, manned robots, airplanes and helicopters, ships, submarines, spacecrafts, etc. It becomes possible to do.
- the size and number of windows are often limited due to the effects of cosmic rays and weight problems.
- the window is covered with a shutter that blocks cosmic rays in order to ensure safety.
- the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention in which a large display area and space saving can be easily achieved, can be preferably applied.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is extremely light and compact, the transportation cost (cost required for launch) can be significantly reduced as compared with a conventional display device.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be deformed into a form in which a flexible display panel is positioned in the user's field of view and a housed form. Therefore, when a display panel is used, a large amount of information can be provided to the user in a large display area. When the display panel is not used, space is saved by storing the display panel. In addition, the display device can be applied without impairing the beauty of the interior of the vehicle body.
- the driving support system operates, for example, by interlocking the state of the transmission of the vehicle and the form of the display panel of the display device. Accordingly, the display panel can be deformed into a shape suitable for the situation according to the situation of the driving without any special operation by the driver. Furthermore, information and video suitable for the situation can be displayed on the display panel. Therefore, the driver can concentrate on driving without feeling a burden.
- the display panel is transformed into a state in which the display panel is not located within the range of the driver's view and a state in which the display panel is located in the majority of the range of the driver's view. Can be made. Therefore, the driver can obtain information displayed on the display panel without changing the line of sight. Furthermore, since the display panel occupies a large proportion of the driver's field of view, the amount of information that can be obtained by the driver can be increased, or a large image that can be intuitively captured by the driver can be displayed.
- the display panel is positioned at a position higher than the height of the driver's viewpoint so that the field of view necessary for the driver to drive can be obtained.
- the information displayed on the display panel can be obtained at the same time without blocking.
- the following configuration can be adopted.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the system 70 described below.
- the system 70 includes a display device 50, a control unit 71, an imaging unit 72, and a detection unit 73. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a storage device 74, input means 75, and the like may be included.
- the display device 50 can refer to the configuration of the first embodiment. That is, the display device 50 has a flexible display panel 51 and can be reversibly deformed into a form in which the display panel 51 is suspended by the driving means 52 and a form in which it is stored.
- the imaging means 72 can image the periphery of the vehicle body.
- the imaging unit 72 has a function of outputting the captured video information to the control unit 71.
- the imaging means 72 can image, for example, the rear of the vehicle body, the front of the vehicle body, the side of the vehicle body, and the like.
- the imaging unit 72 may be attached to at least one of the front surface, the rear surface, and the side surface of the vehicle body. Preferably, it may be attached to the rear surface of the vehicle body, and more preferably, one or more imaging means 72 are attached to the front surface, the rear surface, and both side surfaces of the vehicle body.
- a camera may be used as the imaging unit 72.
- the imaging means 72 has a function of imaging over a wide range.
- the imaging range of one imaging unit 72 is 80 degrees or more and 180 degrees or less, preferably 90 degrees or more and 180 degrees or less, and more preferably 120 degrees or more and 180 degrees or less.
- the imaging means 72 may be configured to have one lens with a high viewing angle, or may be configured to include two or more lenses.
- the detecting means 73 has a function of detecting the state of the transmission 69 of the vehicle 60.
- the detection unit 73 has a function of outputting detection information to the control unit 71. More specifically, the detection means 73 is a state in which the state of the transmission 69 is forward (a state in which a gear for moving forward is connected), a state in which the transmission 69 is in a reverse direction (a state in which a gear for moving backward is connected). It is possible to detect a neutral state (a state where the gear is not connected), a state where the vehicle is stopped (a state where the gear is not connected and the tire is locked), or the like.
- the storage device 74 can store a program that defines the operation of the control unit 71 and information such as setting information.
- the setting information is, for example, information in which the user has previously set the operation of the control unit 71 by the input means 75 or the like.
- the storage device 74 can perform writing and reading of information by the control unit 71.
- a recording media drive such as a hard disk drive (Hard Disc Drive: HDD) or a solid state drive (Solid State Drive: SSD), flash memory, MRAM (Magnetorestive Random Access Memory), PRAM (Phase RAM).
- a non-volatile storage element such as ReRAM (Resistivity RAM) or FeRAM (Ferroelectric RAM) is applied, or a memory to which a volatile storage element such as DRAM (Dynamic RAM) or SRAM (Static RAM) is applied
- An apparatus or the like may be used.
- the input means 75 is an interface through which a user can input setting information that defines the operation of the control unit 71 in advance.
- the input means 75 for example, direct input means such as a switch, a touch panel, a touch pad, a mouse, a keyboard, a joystick, a trackball, and a data glove can be used.
- an indirect (non-contact) input means such as a viewpoint input means, a voice input means, a gesture input means or the like is used as the input means 75, the input can be made without any danger even when the driver is driving. Can do.
- the display panel 51 has a function as a touch panel, the display panel 51 can be used as the input means 75.
- the control unit 71 has a function of outputting a video to the display panel 51 of the display device 50.
- the control unit 71 has a function of outputting a signal for controlling the driving of the driving unit 52 of the display device 50.
- the control unit 71 may have a function of performing analysis, conversion, correction, and the like of the video information input from the imaging unit 72. Further, it may have a function of generating a new video on the basis of video information input from the imaging means 72.
- the control unit 71 may include a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an input interface connected to a component such as a storage device 74 included in the system 70, an output interface, and the like.
- the processor and each interface are electrically connected by a system bus.
- the processor processes signals input from each component connected via the system bus, generates a signal to be output to each component, and controls each component connected to the system bus in an integrated manner. Can do.
- control unit 71 performs various data processing and program control by interpreting and executing instructions from various programs by the processor.
- a program that can be executed by the processor may be stored in a memory area of the processor or may be stored in the storage device 74.
- control unit 71 and the storage device 74 be built into, for example, the dashboard of the vehicle body because the aesthetic appearance in the vehicle is not impaired.
- the navigation system mounted on the vehicle body may have functions as the control unit 71 and the storage device 74. That is, the navigation system may have a part of the function of the system 70.
- the input means (switch, touch panel, etc.) of the navigation system may be used as the input means 75 of the system 70.
- detection means 73 may be diverted from what the vehicle 60 itself has.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the shape of the display panel 51 of the display device 50 and the driver's field of view.
- 8A corresponds to the case where the display panel 51 is in the second form
- FIGS. 8B1 and 8B2 correspond to the case where the display panel 51 is in the first form
- FIG. 8C corresponds to the case where the display panel 51 is in the third form.
- FIG. 8A shows a form (second form) in which the display panel 51 of the display device 50 is housed.
- FIG. 8A shows a surface 82 passing through the viewpoint 81 of the driver 80 and a range in which the driver 80 can visually recognize the front of the vehicle body through the windshield 61 (front field of view 83).
- the viewpoint 81 of the driver 80 may change depending on the physique of the driver 80, the sitting position, and the like.
- the viewpoint 81 can use a reference eye point defined by “Japanese Industrial Standards JIS D 0021 Car Driver Eye Range”.
- the surface 82 can be a horizontal plane passing through the viewpoint 81.
- the surface 82 may be a surface that passes through the viewpoint 81 and is parallel to a surface that passes through the ground contact points of the three tires.
- it when it is higher than the height of the viewpoint 81, it means being positioned above the surface 82.
- the height is equal to or less than the height of the viewpoint 81, it means that it is coincident with the surface 82 or located below the surface 82.
- the front field of view 83 is on a plane parallel to the vehicle body center plane (a plane passing through the left and right center line of the vehicle body and perpendicular to the plane 82) and passing through the viewpoint 81.
- a range between a line connecting the upper end of the glass 61 and a line connecting the viewpoint 81 and the lower end of the windshield can be set.
- the display panel 51 of the display device 50 since the display panel 51 of the display device 50 is housed, the display panel 51 is not positioned in the front field of view 83. Accordingly, the driver 80 can perform normal driving as in the case where the display device 50 is not provided.
- FIG. 8B1 illustrates a case where the display panel 51 of the display device 50 intersects the surface 82. That is, the lower end of the display panel 51 is located below the height of the viewpoint 81 of the driver 80. Here, the lower end of the display panel 51 is positioned below the front field of view 83.
- the driver 80 can view information such as an image displayed on the display panel 51 without changing the line of sight from the state of FIG.
- the state shown in FIG. 8 (B1) can be suitably used, for example, when the vehicle is moved backward. At this time, it is preferable to display an image of the rear of the vehicle body on the display panel 51.
- the driver 80 can drive while viewing the image behind the vehicle body displayed on the display panel 51. Since the display panel 51 is positioned so as to overlap most of the front field of view 83, an image behind the vehicle body can be displayed on most of the field of view of the driver 80. Therefore, for example, the immersive feeling and real feeling of the driver 80 are enhanced as compared with a case where a display device having a small display (for example, 10 inches diagonal or less) incorporated in a dashboard or the like is applied. Furthermore, by displaying a reverse image of an image obtained by imaging the rear of the vehicle body on the display panel 51, the driver 80 can drive the vehicle backward as if it were moving forward.
- the lower end of the display panel 51 may be positioned below the surface 82 and inside the front field of view 83.
- FIG. 8C shows a case where the lower end of the display panel 51 of the display device 50 is located above the surface 82 and inside the front field of view 83. That is, the lower end of the display panel 51 is positioned higher than the height of the viewpoint 81 of the driver 80.
- the driver 80 can visually recognize the front of the vehicle, and thus can drive in this state. Further, since the display panel 51 is located at the upper part of the field of view, the driver 80 can view the video and information displayed on the display panel 51 without greatly shifting the line of sight.
- map information in addition to the image around the vehicle imaged by the imaging means 72, map information, traffic information, information indicating the traveling direction, the position information of the own vehicle, the route and distance to the destination, It is preferable to display information such as expected arrival time, information such as time, speed and direction.
- FIG. 9 shows a flowchart relating to the operation of the driving support system.
- the form of the display panel 51 is assumed to be the second form or the third form.
- an image or the like may be displayed on the display panel 51.
- the user may input setting information that defines the operation of the control unit 71 by the input unit 75 in advance.
- control unit 71 acquires detection information from the detection unit 73. If the detection information is backward, the process proceeds to S12. If the detection information is other than reverse, S11 is repeated.
- the control unit 71 reads the setting information stored in the storage device 74.
- the setting information includes information on whether or not to lower the display panel 51 when the detection information is backward.
- the control unit 71 makes a determination based on the setting information. Specifically, when the setting information includes information that the display panel 51 is lowered, the process proceeds to S14. On the other hand, when the information that the display panel 51 is not lowered is included, the process proceeds to S20 and the operation is terminated.
- control unit 71 transmits a signal for causing the driving unit 52 to operate the display panel 51 to be deformed to the first form. Based on the signal, the driving unit 52 changes the form of the display panel 51 from the second form or the third form to the first form.
- control unit 71 transmits a signal for starting imaging to the imaging unit 72.
- the imaging unit 72 starts imaging and outputs the captured video information to the control unit 71.
- control unit 71 In S16, the control unit 71 generates a video to be displayed on the display panel 51 based on the acquired video information, and transmits the video to the display panel 51. On the display panel 51, an image generated by the control unit 71 is displayed.
- the driver 80 can drive the vehicle backward while watching the video displayed on the display panel 51.
- control unit 71 acquires the detection information from the detection unit 73 again. If the detection information is other than reverse, the process proceeds to S18. If the detection information remains backward, the process returns to S16 and the display is maintained.
- the control unit 71 stops the display on the display panel 51. Specifically, the display including at least the image captured by the imaging unit 72 among the images displayed on the display panel 51 is stopped. In S ⁇ b> 18, the control unit 71 transmits a signal for stopping the imaging to the imaging unit 72.
- the imaging means 72 stops imaging and video signal output. The stop of imaging and the stop of display may be performed simultaneously, or one of them may be performed first.
- control unit 71 transmits a signal that causes the driving unit 52 to operate the display panel 51 to be deformed into the second form. Based on the signal, the driving unit 52 changes the form of the display panel 51 from the first form to the second form.
- the shape of the display panel 51 at the time of S10 may be changed.
- the form of the display panel 51 may be changed to the third form in S19.
- the form of the display panel 51 to be deformed in S19 may be determined based on the setting information read in S12. For example, when the setting information stipulates that the third mode is set, the display panel 51 may be transformed into the third mode in S19.
- control unit 71 may transmit a signal for operating the display panel 51 to change to the third form to the driving unit 52 when the detection information is forward.
- control unit 71 causes the imaging unit 72 to start imaging, and the display panel 51 displays an image generated by the imaging unit 72 based on at least one video information on the rear, front, and side of the vehicle. May be displayed.
- FIG. 10 (A) shows a state where the vehicle 60 is moved backward and is about to park in the parking space 35.
- An imaging means 72 for imaging the rear of the vehicle 60 is attached to the rear part of the vehicle 60.
- FIG. 10A shows the range of the video 31 captured by the imaging unit 72.
- the parking space 35 is located inside a target 36 such as a white line or wheel stopper that defines the parking space 35. Since the parking space 35 is not actually shown, it is indicated by a broken line.
- FIG. 10 (B1) shows an example of the video 31 imaged by the imaging means 72.
- the video 31 is a video behind the vehicle 60, and the target 36 is shown in the video 31.
- FIG. 10 (B2) shows an example of the video 32 displayed on the display panel 51.
- FIG. The video 32 is a video obtained by horizontally inverting the video 31 captured by the imaging unit 72.
- the driver 80 can perform an intuitive driving operation. That is, the left-right direction of the image 32 can be matched with the direction of the handle operation.
- the display panel 51 is in the first form and is located in a large part of the field of view of the driver 80, the immersive feeling and reality that the driver feels increase, so that the driver is as if moving forward.
- the operation of moving the vehicle 60 backward can be performed.
- 10B2 shows an example in which a guide 37 indicating the traveling direction of the vehicle 60 is displayed.
- the control unit 71 can display information on the traveling direction of the vehicle 60 determined according to the current rotation angle of the handle 64 on the display panel 51 as video information of the guide 37 and the like.
- control unit 71 analyzes the video 31 output from the imaging unit 72 to visualize information on the parking space 35 and the direction in which the vehicle 60 should travel as an image and display the information on the video 32. Is preferred.
- FIG. 10B2 shows an example in which the area of the parking space 35 is visualized (hatched in the drawing).
- FIG. 11A shows an example in which the direction in which the vehicle 60 should travel is represented and displayed by an image 38a that imitates a steering wheel.
- the driver 80 can reliably advance the vehicle 60 toward the parking space 35 by operating the handle 64 at the same angle as the handle shown in the image 38a.
- FIGS. 11B1 and 11B2 show another example of the image 38a.
- FIG. 11B1 shows an example in which the current state of the handle 64 is displayed with a solid line, and the angle of the handle 64 for directing the vehicle 60 in the direction to travel is displayed with a dotted line.
- FIG. 11 (B1) if an arrow or the like indicating the direction in which the handle 64 is operated (rotated) is displayed, a more intuitive operation becomes possible.
- the driver 80 operates (rotates) the handle 64 to an appropriate angle, as shown in FIG. 11 (B2), as shown in FIG. It is preferable to clearly indicate to the driver 80 that the handle 64 is at an appropriate angle, for example, by changing it. Moreover, you may have the function to notify the driver
- the control unit 71 analyzes the video 31 output from the imaging unit 72, generates the image 38a, and generates the image 38a as the video 32.
- a structure having a function of outputting to the display panel 51 in a superimposed manner may be used. More specifically, the control unit 71 recognizes the target 36 displayed in the video 31, analyzes the relative positional relationship between the target 36 and the vehicle 60 from the position of the target 36, and obtains the result by analysis. What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which can calculate the direction which the vehicle 60 should advance from information, such as determined distance.
- Examples of the target 36 that can be recognized by the control unit 71 include fixed objects such as white lines, wheel stoppers, walls, steps, fences, curbs, buildings, road signs, road markings, and other creatures such as humans and animals. And moving objects such as cars and bicycles. For example, when the vehicle 60 and the target 36 are close to a predetermined distance or less, the steering wheel may be automatically released or the brake may be applied.
- the image pickup means 72 can be provided with the image pickup means 72 so that these images can be displayed on the display panel 51.
- FIG. 12A shows an example in which the vehicle 60 is provided with four imaging means.
- the vehicle 60 has an imaging means 72a fixed at the rear of the vehicle, an imaging means 72b at the front of the vehicle, an imaging means 72c at the left side of the vehicle, and an imaging means 72d at the right side of the vehicle.
- the imaging means 72a can image the rear of the vehicle
- the imaging means 72b can image the front of the vehicle
- the imaging means 72c can image the left side of the vehicle
- the imaging means 72d can image the right side of the vehicle.
- the images picked up by the image pickup means 72a to 72d are referred to as images 31a to 31d.
- FIG. 12 (B1) shows an example of an image displayed on the display panel 51.
- the video 32b is displayed on the upper side
- the video 32a is displayed on the lower side
- the video 32c is displayed on the left side
- the video 32d is displayed on the right side.
- the video 32b is a video in the same direction as the video 31b
- the video 32a is a video obtained by horizontally inverting the video 31a
- the video 32c is a video obtained by rotating the video 31c 90 degrees counterclockwise
- the video 32d Is preferably an image obtained by rotating the image 31d by 90 degrees clockwise.
- two adjacent videos among the videos 32a to 32d may be connected and displayed on the display panel 51 as one video 32e.
- the control unit 71 performs image processing for correcting a shift or distortion generated at the boundary between two videos.
- the images shown in FIGS. 12B1 and 12B2 can be displayed on the display panel 51 not only when the vehicle 60 is moved backward, but also when the vehicle 60 is moved forward or when the vehicle 60 is stopped. it can.
- the driver 80 can understand the situation in the range where the driver 80 is blind spot. Since it is possible to grasp, safety can be improved.
- FIGS. 12B1 and 12B2 show the case where all four images of the vehicle are displayed on the display panel 51, but images from one or more imaging means may be displayed. Moreover, you may provide the imaging means which images diagonally forward and diagonally backward of a vehicle. Further, both the video from the imaging means and the video for navigation such as map information may be displayed on the display panel 51 at the same time.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B illustrate an example of a structure of the display device 150 of one embodiment of the present invention.
- the display device 150 includes the display panel 100, a shaft portion 151, a rotation mechanism 152, and a bearing portion 153.
- the display panel 100 is flexible, and the display panel 100 is hung on the shaft 151 as shown in FIG. 13A and the display panel 100 is suspended as shown in FIG. It can be transformed into a state.
- the thickness of the display panel 100 can be, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more and 5 mm or less, preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 4 mm or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 3 mm or less, and typically 100 ⁇ m or more and 2 mm or less.
- the thickness is too thin, the display panel 100 is easily affected by wind and the like. There is a risk that the mechanical strength will decrease.
- by having an appropriate thickness of about 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less it is possible to suppress problems such as the display surface undulating even when the display panel 100 is suspended.
- a member functioning as a weight as shown in FIG. 1 or the like may be attached to the lower end of the display panel 100. .
- the shaft portion 151 has a function of fixing one end of the display panel 100.
- An FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
- the shaft portion 151 preferably includes a circuit that supplies a signal or voltage to the display panel 100.
- the shaft portion 151 has at least one of an antenna, a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, a power supply line, a battery, a printed circuit board on which an IC such as an arithmetic device or a storage device is mounted, an external connection port, or the like. Also good.
- the diameter of the shaft portion 151 may be determined according to the curvature allowed when the display panel 100 is bent.
- the diameter of the shaft portion 151 can be 0.1 mm to 50 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 30 mm, more preferably 1 mm to 20 mm, and more preferably 2 mm to 10 mm.
- the rotation mechanism 152 has a function of rotating the shaft portion 151.
- the bearing portion 153 has a function of supporting the shaft portion 151.
- the rotation mechanism 152 may be configured to rotate the shaft portion 151 by a combination of power such as a motor and a gear, for example.
- the rotation mechanism 152 corresponds to the driving unit 52 exemplified in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, for example.
- a wiring for supplying power and signals to the FPC and the like in the shaft portion 151 is provided between the rotation mechanism 152 and the shaft portion 151. At this time, a sufficiently long wiring or a wiring previously twisted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction so that the wiring is not broken by a twist generated when the shaft portion 151 is rotated. It is preferable to use a wiring provided with countermeasures against torsion.
- a configuration may be adopted in which signals and power are transmitted wirelessly between the rotation mechanism 152 and the shaft portion 151 and no wiring is provided or the number of wirings is reduced.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a wireless transmitter is provided in the rotation mechanism 152 and a wireless receiver is provided in the shaft portion 151 so that signals are transmitted wirelessly.
- a mechanism for transmitting electric power using non-contact power feeding may be provided between the rotation mechanism 152 and the shaft portion 151. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the risk of occurrence of problems such as disconnection of the wiring and to achieve high reliability.
- a signal or power may be supplied directly to the shaft 151 from another device instead of the rotation mechanism 152.
- the display device 150 can appropriately adjust the length of the area where the display panel 100 is suspended, that is, the area contributing to display, by adjusting the rotation amount of the shaft portion 151 by the rotation mechanism 152.
- 13A and 13B show a configuration in which the display portion 101 of the display panel 100 is wound around the shaft portion 151 so that the display portion 101 is on the outer side. However, as shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure wound up by the axial part 151 so that 101 may become an inner side. By setting it as such a structure, it can suppress that the surface of the display part 101 of the display panel 100 contacts with another member physically.
- FIG. 14A to 14C are schematic perspective views of the display device 160 of one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A shows a state where the display surface is in a flat state
- FIG. 14C shows a state where the display surface is folded
- FIG. 14B shows a state where FIG. 14A and FIG. The state during C) is shown.
- the display device 160 includes a display panel 100, a fixing unit 102, support members 103a and 103b, a cord 104, a winding mechanism 105, and the like.
- the display panel 100 includes a display unit 101.
- the example of the display apparatus 160 used in the state which suspended the display panel 100 is shown here as an example, it is not limited to the up-and-down relationship, It can also be used horizontally.
- the display unit 101 of the display panel 100 is shown such that the vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the long side of the fixed unit 102) is the long side direction, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the display unit 101 may be configured such that the horizontal direction of the display unit 101 (the direction parallel to the long side of the fixed unit 102) is the long side direction, or may be a square.
- the display panel 100 has flexibility. Therefore, it is possible to reversibly deform the display panel 100 from a state in which the display surface is a flat surface to a state having a curved surface. For example, the display panel 100 can be bent so that the display surface is inside (inward bending), or can be bent so that the display surface is outside (outward bending). Therefore, the display panel 100 can be folded. In the display panel 100, portions supported by the support members 103a and 103b may not have flexibility.
- the fixing unit 102 and the display panel 100 are fixed so that the relative positions do not shift.
- the fixing portion 102 and the display panel 100 may be fixed with screws, rivets, or the like, or these may be bonded with an adhesive or the like.
- the fixing unit 102 may be configured to sandwich the display panel 100.
- the fixing unit 102 preferably includes a circuit that supplies a signal and a voltage to the display panel 100.
- the fixed unit 102 includes one or more of an antenna, a wireless receiver, a wireless transmitter, a power supply line, a battery, a printed circuit board on which an IC such as a computing device or a storage device is mounted, an external connection port, or the like. Also good.
- the support members 103a and 103b are provided on the side opposite to the surface on the display unit 101 side of the display panel 100, and have a function of supporting the display panel 100.
- the support members 103a and 103b have a band shape.
- the support members 103a and 103b are arranged in the short-side direction and spaced apart from each other.
- the support member 103a when the display surface is flat, the support member located farthest from the fixing portion 102 will be described as the support member 103a, and the other support members will be described as the support member 103b.
- a long side and a short side in a surface of the support member 103a and the support member 103b that overlap with the display panel 100 are referred to as a long side and a short side, respectively.
- a direction perpendicular to the surface of the support member 103a and the support member 103b that overlaps the display panel 100 is referred to as a thickness direction.
- the support members 103a and 103b and the display panel 100 are bonded with, for example, an adhesive. Or these may be fixed by the adhesive member. It is preferable that the area where the supporting members 103a and 103b and the display panel 100 are fixed is large because it is possible to suppress problems such as peeling off.
- the support members 103a and 103b at least a material having lower flexibility than the display panel 100 or a material having high rigidity can be used.
- a material having a weight density lower than that of the display panel 100 is used for the support members 103a and 103b, a problem that the display panel 100 is damaged due to the weight of the support members 103a and 103b can be suppressed.
- the material used for the support members 103a and 103b is not particularly limited, but various materials such as metal, alloy, wood, paper, synthetic resin, glass, rubber, and ceramic can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use plastic, an alloy containing titanium, or the like because it is lightweight.
- the supporting members 103a and 103b may be reduced in weight by, for example, a structure in which a hole is formed in a part thereof or a structure having a cavity inside.
- the support members 103a and 103b only need to have a flat surface at least in a portion that supports the display panel 100, and other portions may have unevenness.
- the cord 104 is connected to at least the support member 103a.
- the display device 160 has two or more cords 104 and is connected to both ends of the support member 103a, so that the long side direction of the support member 103a is not inclined, and the direction substantially perpendicular to the vertical direction. Thus, the support member 103a can be supported.
- the support member 103a and the cord 104 may be fixed with an adhesive or the like, for example, or may be fixed by linking the cord 104 to the support member 103a. Further, a through hole may be provided in the support member 103a, and the cord 104 may be prevented from being pulled out by connecting a member larger than the diameter of the through hole to the cord 104 after passing the cord 104 through the through hole.
- a winding mechanism 105 is provided on the upper part of the cord 104.
- the support member 103 a By winding the cord 104 by the winding mechanism 105, the support member 103 a can be moved upward (fixed portion 102 side). Further, by pulling out the cord 104 by the winding mechanism 105, the support member 103a can be moved to the lower side (the side opposite to the fixed portion 102) by gravity.
- the winding mechanism 105 only needs to have a function of winding the cord 104, and can have various configurations.
- the winding mechanism 105 may be configured to have at least a rotating shaft fixed to the cord 104.
- the winding mechanism 105 may be configured to wind the cord 104 by manually pulling the winding cord or the like, or may be configured to include a motor or the like to electrically wind the cord 104.
- a configuration in which a wireless receiver or the like is provided and can be operated by a remote controller may be employed.
- the winding mechanism 105 corresponds to, for example, the driving unit 52 exemplified in the first and second embodiments.
- winding mechanism 105 and the fixing portion 102 are separately shown here, a configuration in which these are housed in one housing may be employed.
- the display device 160 By winding the cord 104 by the winding mechanism 105, the display device 160 is deformed from the state shown in FIG. 14A to the state shown in FIG. 14C through the state shown in FIG. 14B. Can do. Conversely, by pulling out the cord 104 by the winding mechanism 105, the display device 160 is transformed from the state shown in FIG. 14C to the state shown in FIG. 14A through the state shown in FIG. 14B. Can be made. That is, the state of the display panel 100 can be changed between the state of FIG. 14A and the state of FIG.
- the support member 103a moves upward.
- the display panel 100 bends as the distance between the support member 103a and the support member 103b adjacent to the support member 103a decreases.
- the external force applied to the display panel 100 is dominated by the force, gravity, and the like resulting from the approach between the support member 103a and the support member 103b, and no other external force is applied.
- it bends to a natural shape. Therefore, by applying an excessive external force to the display panel 100, the display panel 100 can be prevented from being damaged by being bent (or bent) beyond the allowable radius of curvature of the display panel 100.
- a force also referred to as a restoring force
- a cord 104 is configured such that the distance between the support members 103b or the distance between the support member 103a and the support member 103b does not approach each other. And the support member 103b.
- the support member 103a when the support member 103a is pulled up from the state of FIG. 14A, a part of the display panel 100 between the support member 103a and the lowermost support member 103b is curved. Further, as the distance that the support member 103a is pulled up increases, the curvature of the display panel 100 increases, and the restoring force of the display panel 100 increases accordingly.
- the support member 103 b since the support member 103 b is not fixed to the cord 104 and can move in the vertical direction, the lowermost support member 103 b is lifted by the restoring force of the display panel 100. Thereafter, similarly, a part of the display panel 100 between the lowermost support member 103b and the next support member 103b is curved.
- the display panel 100 can be deformed from the state of FIG. 14A to the state of FIG. 14C through the state of FIG. 14B.
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion of the display panel 100 may become smaller as it approaches the lower side due to the influence of gravity.
- the cord 104 is folded back by the support member 103 a and the support member 103 b is sandwiched between the two portions of the cord 104. In this way, the cord 104 can function as a guide so that each support member 103 moves only in the vertical direction.
- the support member 103a and the support member 103b can be held more stably.
- chord 104 is 2 mm or more and 100 mm or less, for example, Preferably they are 5 mm or more and 50 mm or less, More preferably, they can be 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less. Alternatively, it is preferable to make the width of the cord 104 thicker than the thickness of the support member 103a or the support member 103b. In particular, when the width of the cord 104 is 5 mm or more, problems such as the support member 103a or the support member 103b rotating can be suppressed.
- the form of the cord 104 is not limited to this, and for example, a cord-like material may be used for the cord 104 and the cord 104 may be passed through a through hole provided in the support member 103b. Even in this case, the cord 104 can function as a guide for the support member 103b. At this time, one end portion of the cord-like cord 104 may be connected to the support member 103a and the other end portion may be connected to the winding mechanism 105 so that the cord 104 is not folded back.
- the winding mechanism 105 can adjust the angle of the support member 103a by winding one of the two ends of the folded cord 104 first.
- the short side direction of the support member 103a is set to the vertical direction
- FIGS. As shown, when the display surface of the display panel 100 is folded, the angle between the short side direction and the vertical direction of the support member 103a can be adjusted to be larger than 0 degree and not larger than 90 degrees. By making the angle of the support member 103a close to 90 degrees, the display panel 100 can be made more compact when folded.
- the code 104 for example, a material having higher flexibility (or higher flexibility) than the display panel 100 can be used.
- the cord 104 for example, a fibrous material is preferably used because winding becomes easy.
- the material that can be used for the cord 104 is not particularly limited, but various materials such as natural fiber, synthetic fiber, paper, synthetic resin, rubber, fibrous metal, or alloy can be used.
- the cord 104 has a strip shape, but the cord 104 may be wound by the winding mechanism 105, and is not limited to the strip shape. It can be in the form.
- FIGS. 15A is a schematic perspective view in the middle of folding the display panel 100
- FIG. 15B is a schematic perspective view in a state in which the display panel 100 is folded.
- the cord 104 and the like are not clearly shown for the sake of clarity, but the cord 104, the support member 103a, and the respective support members 103b are supported by the cord 104 of the configuration example 1.
- the connection relationship of the member 103a can be used.
- the support member 103a and the plurality of support members 103b may be configured to have a plurality of cords that connect each of the support members 103a and the plurality of support members 103b.
- the display panel 100 may be folded by adjusting the angle so that two adjacent support members are inclined to the opposite sides.
- FIG. 17A is a plan view of the light-emitting panel
- FIG. 17C illustrates an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 in FIG.
- the light-emitting panel shown in Example 1 is a top emission type light-emitting panel using a color filter method.
- the light-emitting panel includes, for example, a configuration in which one color is expressed by three subpixels of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), or R (red) and G (green). ), B (blue), W (white), or R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow) sub-pixels of one color can be applied.
- the color element is not particularly limited, and colors other than RGBW may be used.
- the color element may be composed of yellow, cyan, magenta, or the like.
- the light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 17A includes a light-emitting portion 804, a driver circuit portion 806, and an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) 808.
- Light-emitting elements and transistors included in the light-emitting portion 804 and the driver circuit portion 806 are sealed with a substrate 801, a substrate 803, and a sealing layer 823.
- a light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 17C includes a substrate 801, an adhesive layer 811, an insulating layer 813, a plurality of transistors, a conductive layer 857, an insulating layer 815, an insulating layer 817, a plurality of light-emitting elements, an insulating layer 821, and a sealing layer. 823, an overcoat 849, a coloring layer 845, a light-blocking layer 847, an insulating layer 843, an adhesive layer 841, and a substrate 803.
- the sealing layer 823, the overcoat 849, the insulating layer 843, the adhesive layer 841, and the substrate 803 transmit visible light.
- the light-emitting portion 804 includes a transistor 820 and a light-emitting element 830 over a substrate 801 with an adhesive layer 811 and an insulating layer 813 interposed therebetween.
- the light-emitting element 830 includes a lower electrode 831 over the insulating layer 817, an EL layer 833 over the lower electrode 831, and an upper electrode 835 over the EL layer 833.
- the lower electrode 831 is electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of the transistor 820. An end portion of the lower electrode 831 is covered with an insulating layer 821.
- the lower electrode 831 preferably reflects visible light.
- the upper electrode 835 transmits visible light.
- the light-emitting portion 804 includes a colored layer 845 that overlaps with the light-emitting element 830 and a light-blocking layer 847 that overlaps with the insulating layer 821.
- the coloring layer 845 and the light shielding layer 847 are covered with an overcoat 849.
- a space between the light emitting element 830 and the overcoat 849 is filled with a sealing layer 823.
- the insulating layer 815 has an effect of suppressing the diffusion of impurities into the semiconductor constituting the transistor.
- an insulating layer having a planarization function is preferably selected in order to reduce surface unevenness due to the transistor.
- the driver circuit portion 806 includes a plurality of transistors over the substrate 801 with the adhesive layer 811 and the insulating layer 813 interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 17C illustrates one of the transistors included in the driver circuit portion 806.
- the insulating layer 813 and the substrate 801 are bonded to each other with an adhesive layer 811.
- the insulating layer 843 and the substrate 803 are attached to each other with an adhesive layer 841. It is preferable to use a film with low water permeability for the insulating layer 813 and the insulating layer 843 because impurities such as water can be prevented from entering the light-emitting element 830 and the transistor 820 and the reliability of the light-emitting panel is improved.
- the conductive layer 857 is electrically connected to an external input terminal that transmits an external signal (a video signal, a clock signal, a start signal, a reset signal, or the like) or a potential to the driving circuit portion 806.
- an external signal a video signal, a clock signal, a start signal, a reset signal, or the like
- an FPC 808 is provided as an external input terminal
- the conductive layer 857 is preferably formed using the same material and the same steps as the electrodes and wirings used for the light-emitting portion and the driver circuit portion.
- the conductive layer 857 is manufactured using the same material and the same process as the electrode included in the transistor 820 is described.
- connection body 825 is positioned on the substrate 803.
- the connection body 825 is connected to the conductive layer 857 through an opening provided in the substrate 803, the adhesive layer 841, the insulating layer 843, the sealing layer 823, the insulating layer 817, and the insulating layer 815.
- the connection body 825 is connected to the FPC 808.
- the FPC 808 and the conductive layer 857 are electrically connected through the connection body 825. In the case where the conductive layer 857 and the substrate 803 overlap with each other, the conductive layer 857, the connection body 825, and the FPC 808 can be electrically connected by opening the substrate 803 (or using a substrate having an opening). .
- Example 1 the insulating layer 813, the transistor 820, and the light-emitting element 830 are manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, the manufacturing substrate is peeled off, and the insulating layer 813 or the transistor 820 is formed over the substrate 801 with the use of the adhesive layer 811.
- the light emitting panel which can be produced by transposing the light emitting element 830 is shown.
- the insulating layer 843, the colored layer 845, and the light-blocking layer 847 are formed over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, the manufacturing substrate is peeled off, and the insulating layer 843 is formed over the substrate 803 with the use of the adhesive layer 841. 1 shows a light-emitting panel that can be manufactured by transposing a colored layer 845 and a light-shielding layer 847.
- a material having low heat resistance such as a resin
- a material with high water permeability such as a resin
- a transistor or the like can be manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance; therefore, a highly reliable transistor or a film with sufficiently low water permeability can be formed by applying high temperature.
- a highly reliable light-emitting panel can be manufactured. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting panel that is lightweight or thin and has high reliability can be realized. Details of the manufacturing method will be described later.
- FIG. 17B is a plan view of the light-emitting panel
- FIG. 17D illustrates an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A3-A4 in FIG.
- the light emitting panel shown in the specific example 2 is a top emission type light emitting panel using a color filter method, which is different from the specific example 1.
- a color filter method which is different from the specific example 1.
- the light emitting panel shown in FIG. 17D is different from the light emitting panel shown in FIG. 17C in the following points.
- the light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 17D includes a spacer 827 over the insulating layer 821. By providing the spacer 827, the distance between the substrate 801 and the substrate 803 can be adjusted.
- connection body 825 is located on the insulating layer 843 and does not overlap with the substrate 803.
- the connection body 825 is connected to the conductive layer 857 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 843, the sealing layer 823, the insulating layer 817, and the insulating layer 815. Since there is no need to provide an opening in the substrate 803, the material of the substrate 803 is not limited.
- FIG. 18A is a plan view of the light-emitting panel
- FIG. 18C illustrates an example of a cross-sectional view taken along dashed-dotted line A5-A6 in FIG.
- the light-emitting panel shown in the third specific example is a top emission type light-emitting panel using a painting method.
- points different from the specific example will be described in detail, and description of points that are common to the specific example will be omitted.
- 18A and 18C includes a frame-shaped sealing layer 824.
- the substrate 803 is provided in contact with the sealing layer 823 and the frame-shaped sealing layer 824.
- a light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 18C includes a substrate 801, an adhesive layer 811, an insulating layer 813, a plurality of transistors, a conductive layer 857, an insulating layer 815, an insulating layer 817, a plurality of light-emitting elements, an insulating layer 821, and a sealing layer. 823, a frame-shaped sealing layer 824, and a substrate 803.
- the sealing layer 823 and the substrate 803 transmit visible light.
- the frame-shaped sealing layer 824 is preferably a layer having a higher gas barrier property than the sealing layer 823. Thereby, it can suppress that a water
- the sealing layer 823 preferably has higher translucency than the frame-shaped sealing layer 824.
- the sealing layer 823 preferably has a higher refractive index than the frame-shaped sealing layer 824.
- the sealing layer 823 preferably has a smaller volume shrinkage at the time of curing than the frame-shaped sealing layer 824.
- connection body 825 is connected to the conductive layer 857 through an opening provided in the substrate 803, the sealing layer 823, the insulating layer 817, and the insulating layer 815.
- Example 3 the insulating layer 813, the transistor 820, and the light-emitting element 830 are manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, the manufacturing substrate is peeled off, and the insulating layer 813 and the transistor 820 are formed over the substrate 801 with the use of the adhesive layer 811.
- the light emitting panel which can be produced by transposing the light emitting element 830 is shown. Since a transistor or the like can be manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, a highly reliable transistor or a film with sufficiently low water permeability can be formed by applying high temperature. Then, by transferring them to the substrate 801, a highly reliable light-emitting panel can be manufactured. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting panel that is lightweight or thin and has high reliability can be realized.
- FIG. 18B is a plan view of the light-emitting panel
- FIG. 18D illustrates an example of a cross-sectional view taken along dashed-dotted line A7-A8 in FIG. 18B.
- the light-emitting panel shown in Example 4 is a bottom emission type light-emitting panel using a color filter method.
- points different from the specific example will be described in detail, and description of points that are common to the specific example will be omitted.
- a light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 18D includes a substrate 801, an adhesive layer 811, an insulating layer 813, a plurality of transistors, a conductive layer 857, an insulating layer 815, a coloring layer 845, an insulating layer 817a, an insulating layer 817b, a conductive layer 816,
- the light-emitting element includes a plurality of light-emitting elements, an insulating layer 821, a sealing layer 823, and a substrate 803.
- the substrate 801, the adhesive layer 811, the insulating layer 813, the insulating layer 815, the insulating layer 817a, and the insulating layer 817b transmit visible light.
- FIG. 18D illustrates the case where the light-emitting portion 804 includes a transistor 820 and a transistor 822.
- the upper electrode 835 preferably reflects visible light.
- the lower electrode 831 transmits visible light.
- the colored layer 845 may be provided between the insulating layer 817a and the insulating layer 817b or between the insulating layer 815 and the insulating layer 817a.
- FIG. 18D illustrates two transistors among the transistors included in the driver circuit portion 806.
- the conductive layer 857 is manufactured using the same material and the same process as the conductive layer 816 is described.
- Example 4 the insulating layer 813, the transistor 820, the light-emitting element 830, and the like are manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, the manufacturing substrate is peeled off, and the insulating layer 813 or the transistor is formed over the substrate 801 with the use of the adhesive layer 811.
- a light-emitting panel that can be manufactured by transposing 820, the light-emitting element 830, and the like is shown. Since a transistor or the like can be manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, a highly reliable transistor or a film with sufficiently low water permeability can be formed by applying high temperature. Then, by transferring them to the substrate 801, a highly reliable light-emitting panel can be manufactured. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting panel that is lightweight or thin and has high reliability can be realized.
- FIG. 18E shows an example of a light-emitting panel different from the specific examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 18E shows an example of a light-emitting panel different from the specific examples 1 to 4.
- points different from the specific example will be described in detail, and description of points that are common to the specific example will be omitted.
- a light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 18E includes a substrate 801, an adhesive layer 811, an insulating layer 813, a conductive layer 814, a conductive layer 857a, a conductive layer 857b, a light-emitting element 830, an insulating layer 821, a sealing layer 823, and a substrate 803.
- the conductive layer 857a and the conductive layer 857b have a function as an external connection electrode of the light-emitting panel and can be electrically connected to an FPC or the like.
- the light emitting element 830 includes a lower electrode 831, an EL layer 833, and an upper electrode 835. An end portion of the lower electrode 831 is covered with an insulating layer 821.
- the light-emitting element 830 is a bottom emission type, a top emission type, or a dual emission type.
- the electrode, substrate, insulating layer, and the like on the light extraction side each transmit visible light.
- the conductive layer 814 is electrically connected to the lower electrode 831.
- the substrate on the light extraction side may have a hemispherical lens, a microlens array, a film with a concavo-convex structure, a light diffusion film, or the like as the light extraction structure.
- the light extraction structure can be formed by adhering the lens or film on a resin substrate using an adhesive having a refractive index comparable to that of the substrate or the lens or film.
- the conductive layer 814 is not necessarily provided, but is preferably provided because a voltage drop due to the resistance of the lower electrode 831 can be suppressed.
- a conductive layer electrically connected to the upper electrode 835 may be provided over the insulating layer 821, the EL layer 833, the upper electrode 835, or the like.
- the conductive layer 814 is a single layer or a stacked layer using a material selected from copper, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, neodymium, scandium, nickel, aluminum, or an alloy material containing these as a main component. Can be formed.
- the film thickness of the conductive layer 814 can be, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the metal constituting the conductive layer is granulated and aggregated. Therefore, the surface of the conductive layer is rough and there are many gaps, and it is difficult for the EL layer 833 to completely cover the conductive layer, and it is easy to make an electrical connection between the upper electrode and the conductive layer. .
- Example 5 the insulating layer 813, the light-emitting element 830, and the like are manufactured over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance, the manufacturing substrate is peeled off, and the insulating layer 813, the light-emitting element 830, and the like are formed over the substrate 801 using the adhesive layer 811.
- the light emitting panel which can be produced by transposing is shown.
- a highly reliable light-emitting panel can be manufactured by forming a film with sufficiently low water permeability (eg, the insulating layer 813) over a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance and transferring it to the substrate 801. . Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting panel that is lightweight or thin and has high reliability can be realized.
- a display device using a display element such as a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) element or an electron-emitting element can be used.
- MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
- the display element using MEMS include a shutter-type MEMS display element and an optical interference-type MEMS display element.
- Carbon nanotubes may be used as the electron-emitting device.
- Electronic paper may also be used. As the electronic paper, an element to which a microcapsule method, an electrophoresis method, an electrowetting method, an electronic powder fluid (registered trademark) method, or the like is applied can be used.
- the substrate materials such as glass, quartz, organic resin, metal, and alloy can be used.
- the substrate on the side from which light from the light-emitting element is extracted is formed using a material that transmits light.
- a flexible substrate For example, organic resin or flexible glass, metal, or alloy can be used.
- the specific gravity of the organic resin is smaller than that of glass, it is preferable to use the organic resin as the flexible substrate because the light emitting panel can be reduced in weight compared to the case of using glass.
- Metal materials and alloy materials are preferable because they have high thermal conductivity and can easily conduct heat to the entire substrate, so that local temperature rise of the light-emitting panel can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the substrate using a metal material or an alloy material is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the material constituting the metal substrate or the alloy substrate is not particularly limited.
- a metal such as aluminum, copper, iron, titanium, nickel, or an alloy containing one or more metals selected from these metals is used. Can do.
- the alloy for example, an aluminum alloy or stainless steel can be suitably used.
- the substrate may have a stacked structure of a metal substrate and a layer having a high thermal emissivity (for example, a metal oxide or a ceramic material can be used).
- polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resin, polyimide resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PES polyethersulfone
- PAS polyethersulfone
- polyamide resin polyamide resin
- cycloolefin resin polystyrene resin
- polyamideimide resin polyvinyl chloride resin
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion for example, a polyamideimide resin, a polyimide resin, PET, or the like can be suitably used.
- a substrate in which a fibrous body is impregnated with a resin (also referred to as a prepreg) or a substrate in which an inorganic filler is mixed with an organic resin to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient can be used.
- a layer using the above material is a hard coat layer (for example, a silicon nitride layer) that protects the surface of the device from scratches, or a layer of a material that can disperse the pressure (for example, an aramid resin). Layer etc.) may be laminated.
- a hard coat layer for example, a silicon nitride layer
- a layer of a material that can disperse the pressure for example, an aramid resin
- the flexible substrate can be used by laminating a plurality of layers.
- the barrier property against water and oxygen can be improved and a highly reliable light-emitting panel can be obtained.
- a flexible substrate in which a glass layer, an adhesive layer, and an organic resin layer are stacked from the side close to the light emitting element can be used.
- the thickness of the glass layer is 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 25 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the glass layer having such a thickness can simultaneously realize a high barrier property and flexibility against water and oxygen.
- the thickness of the organic resin layer is 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- various curable adhesives such as a UV curable adhesive, a reactive curable adhesive, a thermosetting adhesive, and an anaerobic adhesive can be used.
- these adhesives include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, silicone resins, phenol resins, polyimide resins, imide resins, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resins, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resins, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resins, and the like.
- a material with low moisture permeability such as an epoxy resin is preferable.
- a two-component mixed resin may be used.
- an adhesive sheet or the like may be used.
- the resin may contain a desiccant.
- a substance that adsorbs moisture by chemical adsorption such as an alkaline earth metal oxide (such as calcium oxide or barium oxide)
- an alkaline earth metal oxide such as calcium oxide or barium oxide
- a substance that adsorbs moisture by physical adsorption such as zeolite or silica gel
- the inclusion of a desiccant is preferable because impurities such as moisture can be prevented from entering the functional element and the reliability of the light-emitting panel is improved.
- the light extraction efficiency from the light emitting element can be improved.
- a filler having a high refractive index or a light scattering member for example, titanium oxide, barium oxide, zeolite, zirconium, or the like can be used.
- the structure of the transistor included in the light-emitting panel is not particularly limited.
- a staggered transistor or an inverted staggered transistor may be used.
- a top-gate or bottom-gate transistor structure may be employed.
- a semiconductor material used for the transistor is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, and gallium nitride.
- an oxide semiconductor containing at least one of indium, gallium, and zinc, such as an In—Ga—Zn-based metal oxide, may be used.
- crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for the transistor there is no particular limitation on the crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for the transistor, and any of an amorphous semiconductor and a semiconductor having crystallinity (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, or a semiconductor partially including a crystal region) is used. May be used. It is preferable to use a crystalline semiconductor because deterioration of transistor characteristics can be suppressed.
- an oxide semiconductor to a semiconductor device such as a transistor used in a pixel, a driver circuit, a touch sensor described later, or the like.
- a semiconductor device such as a transistor used in a pixel, a driver circuit, a touch sensor described later, or the like.
- an oxide semiconductor having a larger band gap than silicon is preferably used. It is preferable to use a semiconductor material with a wider band gap and lower carrier density than silicon because current in an off state of the transistor can be reduced.
- the oxide semiconductor preferably contains at least indium (In) or zinc (Zn). More preferably, an oxide represented by an In-M-Zn-based oxide (M is a metal such as Al, Ti, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Sn, La, Ce, or Hf) is included.
- M is a metal such as Al, Ti, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Sn, La, Ce, or Hf
- the semiconductor layer has a plurality of crystal parts, and the crystal part has a c-axis oriented perpendicular to the formation surface of the semiconductor layer or the top surface of the semiconductor layer, and a grain boundary between adjacent crystal parts. It is preferable to use an oxide semiconductor film in which the above cannot be confirmed.
- Such an oxide semiconductor does not have a crystal grain boundary, cracks in the oxide semiconductor film due to stress when the display panel is bent is suppressed. Therefore, such an oxide semiconductor can be favorably used for a display panel which is flexible and curved.
- a transistor using an oxide semiconductor whose band gap is larger than that of silicon can hold charge accumulated in a capacitor connected in series with the transistor for a long time due to its low off-state current. is there.
- the driving circuit can be stopped while maintaining the gradation of an image displayed in each display region. As a result, an electronic device with extremely low power consumption can be realized.
- a base film in order to stabilize transistor characteristics.
- an inorganic insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, or a silicon nitride oxide film can be used, which can be formed as a single layer or a stacked layer.
- the base film is formed by sputtering, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) (plasma CVD, thermal CVD, MOCVD (Metal Organic CVD), etc.), ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), coating, printing, etc. it can. Note that the base film is not necessarily provided if not necessary.
- the insulating layer 813 can also serve as a base film of the transistor.
- the light emitting element an element capable of self-emission can be used, and an element whose luminance is controlled by current or voltage is included in its category.
- a light emitting diode (LED), an organic EL element, an inorganic EL element, or the like can be used.
- the light emitting element may be a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type.
- a conductive film that transmits visible light is used for the electrode from which light is extracted.
- a conductive film that reflects visible light is preferably used for the electrode from which light is not extracted.
- the conductive film that transmits visible light can be formed using, for example, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide added with gallium, or the like.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a metal material such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, or titanium, an alloy including these metal materials, or a nitride of these metal materials (for example, Titanium nitride) can also be used by forming it thin enough to have translucency.
- a stacked film of the above materials can be used as a conductive layer. For example, it is preferable to use a laminated film of silver and magnesium alloy and ITO because the conductivity can be increased. Further, graphene or the like may be used.
- a metal material such as aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or palladium, or an alloy including these metal materials is used.
- lanthanum, neodymium, germanium, or the like may be added to the metal material or alloy.
- alloys containing aluminum (aluminum alloys) such as aluminum and titanium alloys, aluminum and nickel alloys, aluminum and neodymium alloys, silver and copper alloys, silver and palladium and copper alloys, and silver and magnesium alloys It can form using the alloy containing silver, such as.
- An alloy containing silver and copper is preferable because of its high heat resistance. Furthermore, the oxidation of the aluminum alloy film can be suppressed by stacking the metal film or the metal oxide film in contact with the aluminum alloy film. Examples of the material for the metal film and metal oxide film include titanium and titanium oxide. Alternatively, the conductive film that transmits visible light and a film made of a metal material may be stacked. For example, a laminated film of silver and ITO, a laminated film of an alloy of silver and magnesium and ITO, or the like can be used.
- Each electrode may be formed using a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- it can be formed using a discharge method such as an inkjet method, a printing method such as a screen printing method, or a plating method.
- the EL layer 833 has at least a light emitting layer.
- the EL layer 833 is a layer other than the light-emitting layer as a substance having a high hole-injecting property, a substance having a high hole-transporting property, a hole blocking material, a substance having a high electron-transporting property, a substance having a high electron-injecting property, or a bipolar property
- a layer containing a substance (a substance having a high electron transporting property and a high hole transporting property) or the like may be further included.
- the EL layer 833 can be formed using either a low molecular compound or a high molecular compound, and may contain an inorganic compound.
- the layers constituting the EL layer 833 can be formed by a method such as a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an ink jet method, or a coating method.
- the EL layer 833 preferably includes two or more kinds of light-emitting substances.
- white light emission can be obtained by selecting the light emitting material so that the light emission of each of the two or more light emitting materials has a complementary color relationship.
- a light emitting material that emits light such as R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow), and O (orange), or spectral components of two or more colors of R, G, and B It is preferable that 2 or more are included among the luminescent substances which show light emission containing.
- a light-emitting element whose emission spectrum from the light-emitting element 830 has two or more peaks in the wavelength range of visible light (for example, 350 nm to 750 nm).
- the emission spectrum of the material having a peak in the yellow wavelength region is preferably a material having spectral components in the green and red wavelength regions.
- the EL layer 833 preferably has a structure in which a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material that emits one color and a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material that emits another color are stacked.
- the plurality of light-emitting layers in the EL layer 833 may be stacked in contact with each other or may be stacked via a separation layer.
- a separation layer may be provided between the fluorescent light emitting layer and the phosphorescent light emitting layer.
- the separation layer can be provided, for example, to prevent energy transfer (particularly triplet energy transfer) by a Dexter mechanism from an excited state of the phosphorescent material generated in the phosphorescent light emitting layer to the fluorescent material in the fluorescent light emitting layer.
- the separation layer may have a thickness of about several nm. Specifically, the thickness is 0.1 nm to 20 nm, or 1 nm to 10 nm, or 1 nm to 5 nm.
- the separation layer includes a single material (preferably a bipolar substance) or a plurality of materials (preferably a hole transport material and an electron transport material).
- the separation layer may be formed using a material included in the light emitting layer in contact with the separation layer. This facilitates the production of the light emitting element and reduces the driving voltage.
- the separation layer may be formed using the host material and the assist material.
- the separation layer has a region not containing a phosphorescent material
- the phosphorescent light-emitting layer has a region containing a phosphorescent material.
- the light-emitting element 830 may be a single element having one EL layer or a tandem element in which a plurality of EL layers are stacked with a charge generation layer interposed therebetween.
- the light emitting element is preferably provided between a pair of insulating films with low water permeability. Thereby, impurities such as water can be prevented from entering the light emitting element, and a decrease in reliability of the light emitting device can be suppressed.
- the low water-permeable insulating film examples include a film containing nitrogen and silicon such as a silicon nitride film and a silicon nitride oxide film, and a film containing nitrogen and aluminum such as an aluminum nitride film.
- a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or the like may be used.
- the water vapor transmission rate of an insulating film with low water permeability is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 [g / (m 2 ⁇ day)] or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 [g / (m 2 ⁇ day)] or less, More preferably, it is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 [g / (m 2 ⁇ day)] or less, and further preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 8 [g / (m 2 ⁇ day)] or less.
- An insulating film with low water permeability is preferably used for the insulating layer 813 and the insulating layer 843.
- an inorganic insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, or an aluminum oxide film can be used.
- organic materials such as polyimide, acrylic, polyamide, polyimide amide, and benzocyclobutene resin can be used, for example. Further, a low dielectric constant material (low-k material) or the like can be used.
- Each insulating layer may be formed by stacking a plurality of insulating films.
- the insulating layer 821 is formed using an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material.
- the resin for example, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, siloxane resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, or the like can be used.
- a photosensitive resin material is preferably used so that the side wall of the insulating layer 821 has an inclined surface formed with a curvature.
- the formation method of the insulating layer 821 is not particularly limited, and a photolithography method, a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, a droplet discharge method (inkjet method or the like), a printing method (screen printing, offset printing, or the like) may be used.
- the spacer 827 can be formed using an inorganic insulating material, an organic insulating material, a metal material, or the like.
- an inorganic insulating material and the organic insulating material various materials that can be used for the insulating layer can be given.
- the metal material titanium, aluminum, or the like can be used.
- a conductive layer used for a light-emitting panel that functions as an electrode or a wiring of a transistor, an auxiliary electrode of a light-emitting element, or the like is, for example, a metal material such as molybdenum, titanium, chromium, tantalum, tungsten, aluminum, copper, neodymium, or scandium.
- An alloy material containing any of the above elements can be used to form a single layer or a stacked layer.
- the conductive layer may be formed using a conductive metal oxide.
- Examples of the conductive metal oxide include indium oxide (In 2 O 3 etc.), tin oxide (SnO 2 etc.), zinc oxide (ZnO), ITO, indium zinc oxide (In 2 O 3 —ZnO etc.) or these A metal oxide material containing silicon oxide can be used.
- the colored layer is a colored layer that transmits light in a specific wavelength band.
- a red (R) color filter that transmits light in the red wavelength band
- a green (G) color filter that transmits light in the green wavelength band
- RGB red
- G green
- B blue
- Each colored layer is formed at a desired position using a variety of materials by a printing method, an inkjet method, an etching method using a photolithography method, or the like.
- the light shielding layer is provided between the adjacent colored layers.
- the light shielding layer shields light from adjacent light emitting elements and suppresses color mixing between adjacent light emitting elements.
- light leakage can be suppressed by providing the end portion of the colored layer so as to overlap the light shielding layer.
- a material that blocks light emitted from the light-emitting element can be used.
- a black matrix may be formed using a metal material, a resin material containing a pigment, or a dye.
- the light shielding layer is preferably provided in a region other than the light emitting portion such as the drive circuit portion because unintended light leakage due to guided light or the like can be suppressed.
- an overcoat covering the colored layer and the light shielding layer may be provided.
- the overcoat is made of a material that transmits light emitted from the light emitting element.
- an inorganic insulating film such as a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film, or an organic insulating film such as an acrylic film or a polyimide film can be used.
- a laminated structure of a film and an inorganic insulating film may be used.
- the sealing layer material when the sealing layer material is applied on the coloring layer and the light shielding layer, it is preferable to use a material having high wettability with respect to the sealing layer material as the overcoat material.
- a material having high wettability with respect to the sealing layer material for example, it is preferable to use an oxide conductive film such as an ITO film or a metal film such as an Ag film that is thin enough to have translucency as the overcoat.
- connection body a paste-like or sheet-like material obtained by mixing metal particles with a thermosetting resin and exhibiting anisotropic conductivity by thermocompression bonding can be used.
- metal particles it is preferable to use particles in which two or more kinds of metals are layered, for example, nickel particles coated with gold. Or it is preferable to use the material which coat
- Example of production method Next, a method for manufacturing the light-emitting panel is illustrated with reference to FIGS.
- a light-emitting panel having the structure of Specific Example 1 (FIG. 18C) is described as an example.
- the separation layer 203 is formed over the manufacturing substrate 201, and the insulating layer 813 is formed over the separation layer 203.
- a plurality of transistors, a conductive layer 857, an insulating layer 815, an insulating layer 817, a plurality of light-emitting elements, and an insulating layer 821 are formed over the insulating layer 813. Note that the insulating layer is exposed so that the conductive layer 857 is exposed. 821, the insulating layer 817, and the insulating layer 815 are opened (FIG. 19A).
- the separation layer 207 is formed over the manufacturing substrate 205, and the insulating layer 843 is formed over the separation layer 207.
- a light-blocking layer 847, a colored layer 845, and an overcoat 849 are formed over the insulating layer 843 (FIG. 19B).
- a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a sapphire substrate, a ceramic substrate, a metal substrate, or the like can be used, respectively.
- a glass material such as aluminosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, or barium borosilicate glass can be used.
- a material having a strain point of 730 ° C. or higher is preferably used.
- a more practical heat-resistant glass can be obtained by containing a large amount of barium oxide (BaO).
- BaO barium oxide
- crystallized glass or the like can be used.
- a glass substrate is used as the formation substrate, if an insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, a silicon nitride film, or a silicon nitride oxide film is formed between the formation substrate and the separation layer, contamination from the glass substrate can be prevented. This is preferable because it can be prevented.
- the crystal structure of the layer containing silicon may be any of amorphous, microcrystalline, and polycrystalline.
- the release layer can be formed by a sputtering method, a plasma CVD method, a coating method, a printing method, or the like.
- the coating method includes a spin coating method, a droplet discharge method, and a dispensing method.
- the separation layer has a single-layer structure, it is preferable to form a tungsten layer, a molybdenum layer, or a layer containing a mixture of tungsten and molybdenum.
- a layer containing tungsten oxide or oxynitride, a layer containing molybdenum oxide or oxynitride, or a layer containing an oxide or oxynitride of a mixture of tungsten and molybdenum may be formed.
- the mixture of tungsten and molybdenum corresponds to, for example, an alloy of tungsten and molybdenum.
- a layer containing tungsten is formed, and an insulating film formed of an oxide is formed thereon.
- the fact that a layer containing an oxide of tungsten is formed at the interface between the tungsten layer and the insulating film may be utilized.
- the surface of the layer containing tungsten is subjected to thermal oxidation treatment, oxygen plasma treatment, nitrous oxide (N 2 O) plasma treatment, treatment with a solution having strong oxidizing power such as ozone water, and the like to form tungsten oxide.
- An included layer may be formed.
- Plasma treatment and heat treatment may be performed in oxygen, nitrogen, nitrous oxide alone, or a mixed gas atmosphere of the gas and other gases.
- Each insulating layer can be formed using a sputtering method, a plasma CVD method, a coating method, a printing method, or the like. For example, by forming the insulating film at a film formation temperature of 250 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less by the plasma CVD method. , A dense and very low water-permeable film can be obtained.
- a material to be the sealing layer 823 is applied to the surface of the manufacturing substrate 205 on which the colored layer 845 or the like is provided or the surface of the manufacturing substrate 201 on which the light-emitting element 230 or the like is provided, and the surface is interposed through the sealing layer 823.
- the manufacturing substrate 201 and the manufacturing substrate 205 are attached to each other so as to face each other (FIG. 19C).
- the manufacturing substrate 201 is peeled off, and the exposed insulating layer 813 and the substrate 801 are attached to each other using the adhesive layer 811. Further, the manufacturing substrate 205 is peeled off, and the exposed insulating layer 843 and the substrate 803 are attached to each other using the adhesive layer 841.
- the substrate 803 does not overlap with the conductive layer 857; however, the conductive layer 857 and the substrate 803 may overlap.
- the peeling step can be appropriately used for the peeling step.
- the metal oxide film is weakened by crystallization and the layer to be peeled can be peeled from the manufacturing substrate.
- an amorphous silicon film containing hydrogen is formed as a separation layer between a manufacturing substrate with high heat resistance and a layer to be separated, the amorphous silicon film can be removed by laser light irradiation or etching. The layer to be peeled can be peeled from the manufacturing substrate.
- a layer including a metal oxide film is formed on the side in contact with the layer to be peeled as the peeling layer, the metal oxide film is made brittle by crystallization, and a part of the peeling layer is made into a solution, NF 3 , BrF 3 , ClF After removal by etching using a fluorination gas such as 3, it can be peeled off in the weakened metal oxide film.
- a film containing nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, or the like for example, an amorphous silicon film containing hydrogen, a hydrogen-containing alloy film, an oxygen-containing alloy film, or the like) is used as the peeling layer, and the peeling layer is irradiated with laser light.
- a method may be used in which nitrogen, oxygen, or hydrogen contained in the peeling layer is released as a gas to promote peeling between the layer to be peeled and the substrate.
- a manufacturing substrate over which the layer to be peeled is formed can be mechanically removed or removed by etching with a solution or a fluoride gas such as NF 3 , BrF 3 , or ClF 3 .
- the release layer is not necessarily provided.
- the peeling process can be performed more easily by combining a plurality of the above peeling methods.
- laser beam irradiation, etching of the release layer with gas or solution, mechanical removal with a sharp knife or scalpel, etc. to make the release layer and the release layer easy to peel off, Peeling can also be performed by force (by machine or the like).
- the layer to be peeled may be peeled off from the manufacturing substrate by infiltrating a liquid into the interface between the peeling layer and the layer to be peeled.
- the peeling may be performed while a liquid such as water is applied.
- peeling when the peeling layer is formed of tungsten, peeling may be performed while etching the peeling layer with a mixed solution of ammonia water and hydrogen peroxide solution.
- the peeling layer is not necessarily provided.
- glass is used as a manufacturing substrate, an organic resin such as polyimide, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polycarbonate, or acrylic is formed in contact with the glass, and an insulating film, a transistor, or the like is formed over the organic resin.
- the organic resin can be peeled at the interface between the manufacturing substrate and the organic resin by heating.
- a metal layer may be provided between the manufacturing substrate and the organic resin, and current may be supplied to the metal layer to heat the metal layer, and separation may be performed at the interface between the metal layer and the organic resin.
- the conductive layer 857 is exposed by opening the insulating layer 843 and the sealing layer 823 (FIG. 20B). Note that in the case where the substrate 803 overlaps with the conductive layer 857, the substrate 803 and the adhesive layer 841 are also opened to expose the conductive layer 857 (FIG. 20C).
- the opening means is not particularly limited, and for example, a laser ablation method, an etching method, an ion beam sputtering method, or the like may be used. Alternatively, the film on the conductive layer 857 may be cut using a sharp blade or the like, and a part of the film may be peeled off by a physical force.
- a light-emitting panel can be manufactured.
- Embodiment 5 a structure example of a foldable touch panel that can be used for the display panel included in the display device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that Embodiment 4 can be referred to for materials that can be used for each layer.
- FIG. 21A is a top view of the touch panel.
- FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line AB in FIG. 21A and between the dashed-dotted line CD.
- FIG. 21C is a cross-sectional view taken along alternate long and short dash line E-F in FIG.
- the touch panel 390 includes a display portion 301.
- the display unit 301 includes a plurality of pixels 302 and a plurality of imaging pixels 308.
- the imaging pixel 308 can detect a finger or the like touching the display unit 301, whereby a touch sensor can be configured using the imaging pixel 308.
- the pixel 302 includes a plurality of sub-pixels (for example, the sub-pixel 302R), and the sub-pixel includes a light-emitting element and a pixel circuit that can supply power for driving the light-emitting element.
- the pixel circuit is electrically connected to a wiring that can supply a selection signal and a wiring that can supply a pixel signal.
- the touch panel 390 includes a scanning line driving circuit 303g (1) that can supply a selection signal to the pixel 302, and a pixel signal line driving circuit 303s (1) that can supply an image signal to the pixel 302.
- the imaging pixel 308 includes a photoelectric conversion element and an imaging pixel circuit that drives the photoelectric conversion element.
- the imaging pixel circuit is electrically connected to a wiring that can supply a control signal and a wiring that can supply a power supply potential.
- control signal for example, a signal that can select an imaging pixel circuit that reads a recorded imaging signal, a signal that can initialize the imaging pixel circuit, and a time that the imaging pixel circuit detects light are determined. Signals that can be used.
- the touch panel 390 includes an imaging pixel driving circuit 303g (2) that can supply a control signal to the imaging pixel 308, and an imaging signal line driving circuit 303s (2) that reads the imaging signal.
- the touch panel 390 includes a substrate 510 and a substrate 570 facing the substrate 510.
- a flexible material can be preferably used for the substrate 510 and the substrate 570.
- a material in which transmission of impurities is suppressed can be preferably used for the substrate 510 and the substrate 570.
- a material having a water vapor transmission rate of 10 ⁇ 5 g / (m 2 ⁇ day) or less, preferably 10 ⁇ 6 g / (m 2 ⁇ day) or less can be suitably used.
- a material having approximately the same linear expansion coefficient can be preferably used for the substrate 510 and the substrate 570.
- a material having a linear expansion coefficient of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 / K or less, preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 / K or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 / K or less can be suitably used.
- the substrate 510 is a stacked body in which a flexible substrate 510b, an insulating layer 510a that prevents diffusion of impurities into the light-emitting element, and an adhesive layer 510c that bonds the flexible substrate 510b and the insulating layer 510a are stacked.
- the substrate 570 is a stacked body of a flexible substrate 570b, an insulating layer 570a that prevents diffusion of impurities into the light-emitting element, and an adhesive layer 570c that bonds the flexible substrate 570b and the insulating layer 570a.
- a material containing polyester, polyolefin, polyamide (such as nylon or aramid), polyimide, polycarbonate, or a resin having an acrylic, urethane, epoxy, or siloxane bond can be used for the adhesive layer.
- the sealing layer 560 is obtained by bonding the substrate 570 and the substrate 510 together.
- the sealing layer 560 has a higher refractive index than air.
- the sealing layer 560 is a layer that optically bonds two members (here, the substrate 570 and the substrate 510) sandwiching the sealing layer 560 (hereinafter referred to as an optical bonding layer). It also functions as).
- the pixel circuit and the light-emitting element eg, the light-emitting element 350R
- the pixel 302 includes a sub-pixel 302R, a sub-pixel 302G, and a sub-pixel 302B (FIG. 21C).
- the subpixel 302R includes a light emitting module 380R
- the subpixel 302G includes a light emitting module 380G
- the subpixel 302B includes a light emitting module 380B.
- the sub-pixel 302R includes a pixel circuit including a first light-emitting element 350R and a transistor 302t that can supply power to the first light-emitting element 350R (FIG. 21B).
- the light emitting module 380R includes a first light emitting element 350R and an optical element (for example, a colored layer 367R).
- the light emitting element 350R includes a first lower electrode 351R, an upper electrode 352, and an EL layer 353 between the lower electrode 351R and the upper electrode 352 (FIG. 21C).
- the EL layer 353 includes a first EL layer 353a, a second EL layer 353b, and an intermediate layer 354 between the first EL layer 353a and the second EL layer 353b.
- the light emitting module 380R has the first colored layer 367R on the substrate 570.
- the colored layer may be any layer that transmits light having a specific wavelength. For example, a layer that selectively transmits light exhibiting red, green, blue, or the like can be used. Or you may provide the area
- the light emitting module 380R includes the sealing layer 360 in contact with the first light emitting element 350R and the first colored layer 367R.
- the first colored layer 367R is in a position overlapping with the first light emitting element 350R. Accordingly, part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 350R passes through the sealing layer 360 that also serves as the optical bonding layer and the first colored layer 367R, and is emitted to the outside of the light emitting module 380R as indicated by arrows in the drawing. Is done.
- the touch panel 390 includes a light shielding layer 367BM on the substrate 570.
- the light shielding layer 367BM is provided so as to surround the colored layer (for example, the first colored layer 367R).
- the touch panel 390 includes an antireflection layer 367p at a position overlapping the display unit 301.
- an antireflection layer 367p at a position overlapping the display unit 301.
- a circularly polarizing plate can be used as the antireflection layer 367p.
- the touch panel 390 includes an insulating layer 321.
- the insulating layer 321 covers the transistor 302t. Note that the insulating layer 321 can be used as a layer for planarizing unevenness caused by the pixel circuit. An insulating layer in which layers capable of suppressing diffusion of impurities to the transistor 302t and the like are stacked can be applied to the insulating layer 321.
- the touch panel 390 includes a light emitting element (eg, the first light emitting element 350R) on the insulating layer 321.
- a light emitting element eg, the first light emitting element 350R
- the touch panel 390 includes a partition 328 over the insulating layer 321 that overlaps with an end portion of the first lower electrode 351R.
- a spacer 329 for controlling the distance between the substrate 510 and the substrate 570 is provided over the partition 328.
- the image signal line drive circuit 303s (1) includes a transistor 303t and a capacitor 303c. Note that the driver circuit can be formed over the same substrate in the same process as the pixel circuit. As illustrated in FIG. 21B, the transistor 303t may include the second gate 304 over the insulating layer 321. The second gate 304 may be electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 303t, or a different potential may be applied thereto. If necessary, the second gate 304 may be provided in the transistor 308t, the transistor 302t, or the like.
- the imaging pixel 308 includes a photoelectric conversion element 308p and an imaging pixel circuit for detecting light irradiated on the photoelectric conversion element 308p.
- the imaging pixel circuit includes a transistor 308t.
- a pin-type photodiode can be used for the photoelectric conversion element 308p.
- the touch panel 390 includes a wiring 311 that can supply a signal, and a terminal 319 is provided in the wiring 311.
- an FPC 309 (1) that can supply a signal such as an image signal and a synchronization signal is electrically connected to the terminal 319.
- a printed wiring board (PWB) may be attached to the FPC 309 (1).
- the transistors formed in the same process can be applied to transistors such as the transistor 302t, the transistor 303t, and the transistor 308t.
- materials that can be used for various wirings and electrodes constituting the touch panel include aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, copper, yttrium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, tantalum, or A metal such as tungsten or an alloy containing the same as a main component is used as a single layer structure or a stacked structure.
- a single layer structure of an aluminum film containing silicon, a two layer structure in which an aluminum film is stacked on a titanium film, a two layer structure in which an aluminum film is stacked on a tungsten film, and a copper film on a copper-magnesium-aluminum alloy film Two-layer structure to be laminated, two-layer structure to laminate a copper film on a titanium film, two-layer structure to laminate a copper film on a tungsten film, a titanium film or a titanium nitride film, and an overlay on the titanium film or the titanium nitride film
- a three-layer structure in which an aluminum film or a copper film is laminated, and a titanium film or a titanium nitride film is further formed thereon, a molybdenum film or a molybdenum nitride film, and an aluminum film or a copper layer stacked on the molybdenum film or the molybdenum nitride film There is a three-layer structure in which
- FIG. 22A and 22B are perspective views of the touch panel 505.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along alternate long and short dash line X1-X2 in FIG.
- the touch panel 505 includes a display portion 501 and a touch sensor 595 (FIG. 22B).
- the touch panel 505 includes a substrate 510, a substrate 570, and a substrate 590. Note that the substrate 510, the substrate 570, and the substrate 590 are all flexible.
- the display unit 501 includes a substrate 510, a plurality of pixels on the substrate 510, and a plurality of wirings 511 that can supply signals to the pixels.
- the plurality of wirings 511 are routed to the outer peripheral portion of the substrate 510, and a part of them constitutes a terminal 519.
- a terminal 519 is electrically connected to the FPC 509 (1).
- the substrate 590 includes a touch sensor 595 and a plurality of wirings 598 that are electrically connected to the touch sensor 595.
- the plurality of wirings 598 are routed around the outer periphery of the substrate 590, and a part thereof constitutes a terminal.
- the terminal is electrically connected to the FPC 509 (2). Note that in FIG. 22B, for the sake of clarity, electrodes, wirings, and the like of the touch sensor 595 provided on the back surface side (substrate 510 side) of the substrate 590 are indicated by solid lines.
- a capacitive touch sensor can be applied.
- the electrostatic capacity method include a surface electrostatic capacity method and a projection electrostatic capacity method.
- Projection type electrostatic capacity methods include self-capacitance method and mutual capacitance method mainly due to the difference in driving method.
- the mutual capacitance method is preferable because simultaneous multipoint detection is possible.
- the projected capacitive touch sensor 595 includes an electrode 591 and an electrode 592.
- the electrode 591 is electrically connected to any one of the plurality of wirings 598
- the electrode 592 is electrically connected to any one of the plurality of wirings 598.
- the electrode 592 has a shape in which a plurality of quadrilaterals repeatedly arranged in one direction are connected at corners.
- the electrode 591 has a quadrangular shape and is repeatedly arranged in a direction intersecting with the direction in which the electrode 592 extends.
- the wiring 594 electrically connects two electrodes 591 sandwiching the electrode 592. At this time, a shape in which the area of the intersection of the electrode 592 and the wiring 594 is as small as possible is preferable. Thereby, the area of the area
- the shape of the electrode 591 and the electrode 592 is not limited to this, and various shapes can be employed.
- a plurality of electrodes 591 may be arranged so as not to have a gap as much as possible, and a plurality of electrodes 592 may be provided with an insulating layer interposed therebetween so that a region that does not overlap with the electrode 591 is formed.
- the touch sensor 595 includes a substrate 590, electrodes 591 and 592 arranged in a staggered pattern on the substrate 590, an insulating layer 593 covering the electrodes 591 and 592, and wiring 594 that electrically connects adjacent electrodes 591.
- the adhesive layer 597 bonds the substrate 590 to the substrate 570 so that the touch sensor 595 overlaps the display portion 501.
- the electrodes 591 and the electrodes 592 are formed using a light-transmitting conductive material.
- a light-transmitting conductive material a conductive oxide such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, or zinc oxide to which gallium is added can be used.
- a film containing graphene can also be used.
- the film containing graphene can be formed, for example, by reducing a film containing graphene oxide formed in a film shape. Examples of the reduction method include a method of applying heat.
- the electrode 591 and the electrode 592 may each have a mesh shape, and the opening of the mesh and the light emitting element may be arranged to overlap each other.
- a material such as a metal or an alloy with low conductivity can be used for the electrode 591 and the electrode 592.
- a material that can be used for the conductive films such as the electrode 591 and the electrode 592 that is, the wiring and the electrodes constituting the touch panel
- a material having a low resistance value is desirable.
- silver, copper, aluminum, carbon nanotube, graphene, metal halide (such as silver halide), or the like may be used.
- a metal nanowire configured using a large number of conductors that are very thin may be used. Or you may use the metal mesh which made the conductor a mesh shape.
- Ag nanowire, Cu nanowire, Al nanowire, Ag mesh, Cu mesh, Al mesh, or the like may be used.
- the light transmittance can be 89% or more and the sheet resistance value can be 40 ⁇ / ⁇ or more and 100 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- a metal nanowire, a metal mesh, a carbon nanotube, graphene, or the like may be used for an electrode used for a display element, for example, a pixel electrode or a common electrode.
- a conductive material having a light-transmitting property is formed over the substrate 590 by a sputtering method, and then unnecessary portions are removed by various patterning techniques such as a photolithography method to form the electrode 591 and the electrode 592. it can.
- an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, or aluminum oxide can be used in addition to a resin such as acrylic or epoxy, a resin having a siloxane bond.
- an opening reaching the electrode 591 is provided in the insulating layer 593, and the wiring 594 electrically connects the adjacent electrodes 591.
- a light-transmitting conductive material can be used for the wiring 594 because it can increase the aperture ratio of the touch panel.
- a material having higher conductivity than the electrodes 591 and 592 can be preferably used for the wiring 594 because electric resistance can be reduced.
- One electrode 592 extends in one direction, and a plurality of electrodes 592 are provided in stripes.
- the wiring 594 is provided so as to cross the electrode 592.
- a pair of electrodes 591 are provided with one electrode 592 interposed therebetween, and a wiring 594 electrically connects the pair of electrodes 591.
- the plurality of electrodes 591 are not necessarily arranged in a direction orthogonal to the one electrode 592 and may be arranged at an angle of less than 90 degrees.
- One wiring 598 is electrically connected to the electrode 591 or the electrode 592. Part of the wiring 598 functions as a terminal.
- a metal material such as aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, nickel, titanium, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or palladium, or an alloy material including the metal material is used. it can.
- an insulating layer covering the insulating layer 593 and the wiring 594 can be provided to protect the touch sensor 595.
- connection layer 599 electrically connects the wiring 598 and the FPC 509 (2).
- connection layer 599 various anisotropic conductive films (ACF: Anisotropic Conductive Film), anisotropic conductive pastes (ACP: Anisotropic Conductive Paste), and the like can be used.
- ACF Anisotropic Conductive Film
- ACP Anisotropic Conductive Paste
- the adhesive layer 597 has translucency.
- a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin can be used, and specifically, a resin such as acrylic, urethane, epoxy, or a resin having a siloxane bond can be used.
- the display unit 501 includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix.
- the pixel includes a display element and a pixel circuit that drives the display element.
- organic EL elements having different emission colors may be applied to each sub-pixel so that the color of light emitted from each sub-pixel is different.
- the same configuration as that of the configuration example 1 can be applied.
- the pixel includes a sub-pixel 502R, and the sub-pixel 502R includes a light emitting module 580R.
- the sub-pixel 502R includes a pixel circuit including a first light-emitting element 550R and a transistor 502t that can supply power to the first light-emitting element 550R.
- the light emitting module 580R includes a first light emitting element 550R and an optical element (for example, a colored layer 567R).
- the light emitting element 550R has a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and an EL layer between the lower electrode and the upper electrode.
- the light emitting module 580R has a first colored layer 567R in the direction of extracting light.
- the sealing layer 560 is provided on the light extraction side, the sealing layer 560 is in contact with the first light-emitting element 550R and the first colored layer 567R.
- the first colored layer 567R is in a position overlapping with the first light emitting element 550R. Thus, part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 550R passes through the first colored layer 567R and is emitted to the outside of the light emitting module 580R in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing.
- the display unit 501 has a light shielding layer 567BM in the direction of emitting light.
- the light-blocking layer 567BM is provided so as to surround the colored layer (for example, the first colored layer 567R).
- the display unit 501 includes an antireflection layer 567p at a position overlapping the pixel.
- an antireflection layer 567p for example, a circularly polarizing plate can be used.
- the display unit 501 includes an insulating film 521.
- the insulating film 521 covers the transistor 502t.
- the insulating film 521 can be used as a layer for planarizing unevenness caused by the pixel circuit.
- a stacked film including a layer that can suppress diffusion of impurities can be applied to the insulating film 521. Accordingly, a decrease in reliability of the transistor 502t and the like due to impurity diffusion can be suppressed.
- the display unit 501 includes a light emitting element (eg, the first light emitting element 550R) on the insulating film 521.
- a light emitting element eg, the first light emitting element 550R
- the display portion 501 has a partition wall 528 on the insulating film 521 that overlaps the end portion of the first lower electrode.
- a spacer for controlling the distance between the substrate 510 and the substrate 570 is provided over the partition wall 528.
- the scanning line driving circuit 503g (1) includes a transistor 503t and a capacitor 503c. Note that the driver circuit can be formed over the same substrate in the same process as the pixel circuit.
- the display unit 501 includes a wiring 511 that can supply a signal, and a terminal 519 is provided in the wiring 511. Note that an FPC 509 (1) that can supply a signal such as an image signal and a synchronization signal is electrically connected to the terminal 519.
- PWB printed wiring board
- the display unit 501 has wiring such as scanning lines, signal lines, and power supply lines.
- the various conductive films described above can be used for the wiring.
- FIGS. 1-10 A structure in the case of applying a bottom-gate transistor to the display portion 501 is illustrated in FIGS.
- a semiconductor layer containing an oxide semiconductor, amorphous silicon, or the like can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- a semiconductor layer containing polycrystalline silicon crystallized by a process such as laser annealing can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 23C illustrates a structure in the case where a top-gate transistor is applied to the display portion 501.
- a semiconductor layer including a single crystal silicon film or the like transferred from a polycrystalline silicon, a single crystal silicon substrate, or the like can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the touch panel 505B.
- a touch panel 505B described in this embodiment includes a display portion 501 that displays supplied image information on a side where a transistor is provided and a touch sensor provided on the substrate 510 side of the display portion. This is different from the touch panel 505 in the configuration example 2.
- different configurations will be described in detail, and the above description is used for the portions where the same configurations can be used.
- the first colored layer 567R is in a position overlapping with the first light emitting element 550R.
- the light-emitting element 550R illustrated in FIG. 24A emits light to the side where the transistor 502t is provided.
- part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 550R passes through the first colored layer 567R and is emitted to the outside of the light emitting module 580R in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing.
- the display unit 501 has a light shielding layer 567BM in the direction of emitting light.
- the light-blocking layer 567BM is provided so as to surround the colored layer (for example, the first colored layer 567R).
- the touch sensor 595 is provided on the substrate 510 side of the display portion 501 (FIG. 24A).
- the adhesive layer 597 is between the substrate 510 and the substrate 590, and the display portion 501 and the touch sensor 595 are attached to each other.
- FIGS. 1-10 A structure in the case of applying a bottom-gate transistor to the display portion 501 is illustrated in FIGS.
- a semiconductor layer containing an oxide semiconductor, amorphous silicon, or the like can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- a semiconductor layer containing polycrystalline silicon or the like can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 24C illustrates a structure in the case where a top-gate transistor is applied to the display portion 501.
- a semiconductor layer including polycrystalline silicon, a transferred single crystal silicon film, or the like can be applied to the transistor 502t and the transistor 503t illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 25A is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a mutual capacitive touch sensor.
- FIG. 25A shows a pulse voltage output circuit 601 and a current detection circuit 602. Note that in FIG. 25A, an electrode 621 to which a pulse voltage is applied and an electrode 622 for detecting a change in current are illustrated as six wirings of X1-X6 and Y1-Y6, respectively.
- FIG. 25A illustrates a capacitor 603 formed by overlapping the electrode 621 and the electrode 622. Note that the functions of the electrode 621 and the electrode 622 may be interchanged.
- the pulse voltage output circuit 601 is a circuit for sequentially applying a pulse voltage to the X1-X6 wirings.
- a pulse voltage is applied to the wiring of X1-X6, an electric field is generated in the electrodes 621 and 622 forming the capacitor 603.
- the electric field generated between the electrodes causes a change in the capacitance of the capacitor 603 due to shielding or the like, it is possible to detect the proximity or contact of the detection object.
- the current detection circuit 602 is a circuit for detecting a change in current in the wiring of Y1-Y6 due to a change in capacitance in the capacitor 603.
- the current value detected when there is no proximity or contact with the detected object does not change, but when the capacitance decreases due to the proximity or contact with the detected object, the current value is Detect decreasing changes.
- current detection may be performed using an integration circuit or the like.
- FIG. 25B shows a timing chart of input / output waveforms in the mutual capacitance type touch sensor shown in FIG.
- the detection target is detected in each matrix in one frame period.
- FIG. 25B shows two cases, that is, a case where the detected object is not detected (non-touch) and a case where the detected object is detected (touch).
- the waveform made into the voltage value corresponding to the detected electric current value is shown.
- a pulse voltage is sequentially applied to the X1-X6 wiring, and the waveform of the Y1-Y6 wiring changes according to the pulse voltage.
- the waveform of Y1-Y6 changes uniformly according to the change of the voltage of the wiring of X1-X6.
- the waveform of the voltage value corresponding to this also changes.
- the proximity or contact of the detected object can be detected by detecting the change in capacitance.
- FIG. 25A illustrates a passive matrix touch sensor in which only a capacitor 603 is provided at a wiring intersection as a touch sensor; however, an active matrix touch sensor including a transistor and a capacitor may be used.
- FIG. 26 shows an example of one sensor circuit included in the active matrix touch sensor.
- the sensor circuit includes a capacitor 603, a transistor 611, a transistor 612, and a transistor 613.
- a signal G2 is supplied to a gate
- a voltage VRES is supplied to one of a source and a drain
- the other is electrically connected to one electrode of the capacitor 603 and the gate of the transistor 611.
- One of a source and a drain of the transistor 611 is electrically connected to one of a source and a drain of the transistor 612, and the voltage VSS is applied to the other.
- the gate of the transistor 612 is supplied with the signal G1, and the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the wiring ML.
- the voltage VSS is applied to the other electrode of the capacitor 603.
- a potential for turning on the transistor 613 is applied as the signal G2, so that a potential corresponding to the voltage VRES is applied to the node n to which the gate of the transistor 611 is connected.
- a potential for turning off the transistor 613 is supplied as the signal G2, so that the potential of the node n is held.
- the potential of the node n changes from VRES as the capacitance of the capacitance 603 changes due to the proximity or contact of a detection object such as a finger.
- a potential for turning on the transistor 612 is applied to the signal G1.
- the current flowing through the transistor 611 that is, the current flowing through the wiring ML changes in accordance with the potential of the node n. By detecting this current, the proximity or contact of the detection object can be detected.
- a transistor in which an oxide semiconductor is used for a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed is preferably used.
- the potential of the node n can be held for a long period of time, and the frequency of the operation (refresh operation) of supplying the voltage VRES again to the node n can be reduced. Can do.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a display panel that can be enlarged by disposing a plurality of display panels so as to partially overlap each other.
- the display panel positioned at least on the display surface side (upper side) includes a portion that transmits visible light adjacent to the display unit.
- a pixel of the display panel disposed on the lower side and a portion of the display panel disposed on the upper side that transmits visible light are provided so as to overlap each other.
- one embodiment of the present invention is a stacked panel including a first display panel and a second display panel.
- the first display panel includes a first region, and the first region includes a first pixel and a second pixel.
- the second display panel has a second region, a third region, and a fourth region.
- the second region has a third pixel, the third region has a function of transmitting visible light, and the fourth region has a function of shielding visible light.
- the second pixel of the first display panel and the third region of the second display panel have regions that overlap each other.
- the aperture ratio of the second pixel is larger than the aperture ratio of the first pixel.
- the following configuration can be adopted.
- FIG. 27A is a schematic top view of a display panel 400 included in a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.
- the display panel 400 includes a display area 401, an area 410 that transmits visible light adjacent to the display area 401, and an area 420 that includes a portion that blocks visible light.
- FIG. 27A illustrates an example in which an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) 412 is provided on the display panel 400.
- FPC Flexible Printed Circuit
- the region 410 may be provided with, for example, a pair of substrates constituting the display panel 400 and a sealing material for sealing the display elements sandwiched between the pair of substrates. At this time, the member provided in the region 410 is formed using a material that transmits visible light.
- a wiring electrically connected to the pixels included in the display region 401 is provided.
- a circuit such as a driving circuit (scanning line driving circuit, signal line driving circuit, or the like) for driving the pixel, a protection circuit, or the like may be provided.
- the region 420 includes a region where a terminal (also referred to as a connection terminal) electrically connected to the FPC 412 or a wiring electrically connected to the terminal is provided.
- Embodiments 4 and 5 can be used for detailed description of a cross-sectional configuration example of the display panel.
- the multilayer panel 40 of one embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of the display panels 400 described above.
- FIG. 27B shows a schematic top view of a laminated panel 40 including three display panels.
- the laminated panel 40 illustrated in FIG. 27B includes a display panel 400a, a display panel 400b, and a display panel 400c.
- a part of the display panel 400b is placed on the upper side (display surface side) of the display panel 400a. Specifically, the display area 401a of the display panel 400a and the area 410b that transmits visible light of the display panel 400b overlap each other, and the display area 401a of the display panel 400a and the area 420b that blocks visible light of the display panel 400b are overlapped. Are arranged so as not to overlap.
- a part of the display panel 400c is arranged so as to overlap the upper side (display surface side) of the display panel 400b.
- the display area 401b of the display panel 400b and the area 410c that transmits visible light of the display panel 400c overlap each other, and the display area 401b of the display panel 400b and the area 420c that blocks visible light of the display panel 400c are overlapped.
- the entire display area 401a can be viewed from the display surface side.
- the display area 401b can be visually recognized from the display surface side by overlapping the area 410c. Therefore, an area where the display area 401a, the display area 401b, and the display area 401c are arranged seamlessly can be used as the display area 41 of the laminated panel 40.
- FIG. 27B illustrates a configuration in which a plurality of display panels 400 are stacked in one direction, a plurality of display panels 400 may be stacked in two directions, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
- FIG. 28A shows an example of the display panel 400 in which the shape of the region 410 is different from that in FIG.
- a region 410 that transmits visible light is disposed along two sides of the display region 401.
- FIG. 28 (B) shows a schematic perspective view of the laminated panel 40 in which the display panel 400 shown in FIG. 28 (A) is arranged two vertically and two horizontally.
- FIG. 28C is a schematic perspective view when viewed from the side opposite to the display surface side of the laminated panel 40.
- an area along the short side of the display area 401a of the display panel 400a and a part of the area 410b of the display panel 400b are provided so as to overlap each other.
- an area along the long side of the display area 401a of the display panel 400a and a part of the area 410c of the display panel 400c are provided so as to overlap each other.
- the area 410d of the display panel 400d is provided so as to overlap with the area along the long side of the display area 401b of the display panel 400b and the area along the short side of the display area 401c of the display panel 400c.
- an area where the display area 401a, the display area 401b, the display area 401c, and the display area 401d are arranged seamlessly can be used as the display area 41 of the laminated panel 40.
- the display panel 400 has flexibility.
- a part of the display panel 400a on the side where the FPC 412a is provided is curved.
- the FPC 412a can be arranged so as to overlap with the lower side of the display area 401b of the adjacent display panel 400b.
- the FPC 412a can be disposed without physically interfering with the back surface of the display panel 400b.
- the display panel 400a and the display panel 400b are overlapped and bonded, it is not necessary to consider the thickness of the FPC 412a. Therefore, the upper surface of the region 410b of the display panel 400b, the upper surface of the display region 401a of the display panel 400a, The difference in height can be reduced. As a result, it can suppress that the edge part of the display panel 400b located on the display area 401a is visually recognized.
- the height of the upper surface in the display area 401b of the display panel 400b is matched with the height of the upper surface in the display area 401a of the display panel 400a. Can be gently curved. Therefore, except for the vicinity of the area where the display panel 400a and the display panel 400b overlap, the height of each display area can be made uniform, and the display quality of the image displayed in the display area 41 of the laminated panel 40 can be improved. .
- the display panel 400 is thin.
- the thickness of the display panel 400 is 1 mm or less, preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the outline shape of the display area of the laminated panel can be changed to various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon. Further, by arranging the display panel 400 in a three-dimensional manner, a laminated panel including a display region having a three-dimensional shape can be realized.
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置の構成例について、図面を参照して説明する。
図1(A)乃至(C)に、本発明の一態様の表示装置を、自動車の内装に取り付けた場合の例を示す。ここでは、運転席の前方の上部(上斜め前方)に表示装置50を取り付けた例を示している。
続いて、表示装置50の構成の一例と、運転席前方上部への設置方法の一例について図5を用いて説明する。
本発明の一態様の表示装置は、一般的な乗用車だけでなく、特殊な用途を想定した特殊車両にも好適に適用することができる。
以下では、本発明の一態様の表示装置を用いた運転支援システムの例について、図面を参照して説明する。
図7に以下で説明するシステム70の構成の一例を示すブロック図を示す。
続いて、本発明の一態様の運転支援システムにおける、表示装置の形態について図8を用いて説明する。図8の各図は、表示装置50の表示パネル51の形状と、運転者の視界との関係を説明する概略図である。ここで図8(A)は表示パネル51が第2の形態である場合に相当し、図8(B1)及び図8(B2)は表示パネル51が第1の形態である場合に相当し、図8(C)は表示パネル51が第3の形態である場合に相当する。
図8(A)には、表示装置50の表示パネル51が収納されている形態(第2の形態)を示している。また図8(A)には、運転者80の視点81を通る面82と、運転者80がフロントガラス61を介して車体前方を視認できる範囲(前方視界83)を示している。
図8(B1)は、表示装置50の表示パネル51が面82と交差する場合を示している。すなわち、表示パネル51の下端が運転者80の視点81の高さ以下に位置している。ここでは、表示パネル51の下端が、前方視界83よりも下側に位置している。表示パネル51をこのような形態とすることで、運転者80は表示パネル51に表示された映像などの情報を、図8(A)の状態から視線を変えることなく見ることができる。
図8(C)は、表示装置50の表示パネル51の下端が面82よりも上側であって、且つ前方視界83の内側に位置している場合を示している。すなわち、表示パネル51の下端が運転者80の視点81の高さよりも高く位置している。表示パネル51をこのような形態とすることで、運転者80は車両前方を視認することが可能であるため、この状態で運転することができる。また、視界上部に表示パネル51が位置しているため、運転者80は表示パネル51に表示される映像や情報を、視線を大きくずらすことなく見ることができる。このとき、表示パネル51には、撮像手段72により撮像された、車体周囲の映像のほか、地図情報、交通情報、進行方向を示す情報、自車の位置情報、目的地までの経路や距離、到着予想時間などの情報、時刻、速度、方位などの情報を表示することが好ましい。
続いて、本発明の一態様の運転支援システムに適用可能な動作の一例について、図9を用いて説明する。図9に、運転支援システムの動作にかかるフローチャートを示す。
以下では、表示パネル51に表示することのできる映像または画像について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置の例について、図面を参照して説明する。
図13(A)(B)に、本発明の一態様の表示装置150の構成の例を示している。
以下では、上記構成例1とは異なる構成の、表示装置の構成例について説明する。
上記構成例2では、コード104により固定部102から最も離れた支持部材103aを引き上げることで表示パネル100を折り畳む構成としたが、支持部材103aに加えて複数の支持部材103bのそれぞれを同時に引き上げる構成としてもよい。その場合の例を図15(A)、(B)に示す。図15(A)は、表示パネル100を折り畳む途中の段階の斜視概略図であり、図15(B)は、表示パネル100を折り畳んだ状態における斜視概略図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置が有する表示パネルに適用可能な発光パネルの構成例及び作製方法例について説明する。
図17(A)に発光パネルの平面図を示し、図17(A)における一点鎖線A1−A2間の断面図の一例を図17(C)に示す。具体例1で示す発光パネルは、カラーフィルタ方式を用いたトップエミッション型の発光パネルである。本実施の形態において、発光パネルは、例えば、R(赤)、G(緑)、B(青)の3色の副画素で1つの色を表現する構成や、R(赤)、G(緑)、B(青)、W(白)、またはR(赤)、G(緑)、B(青)、Y(黄)の4色の副画素で1つの色を表現する構成等が適用できる。色要素としては特に限定はなく、RGBW以外の色を用いてもよく、例えば、イエロー、シアン、マゼンタなどで構成されてもよい。
図17(B)に発光パネルの平面図を示し、図17(B)における一点鎖線A3−A4間の断面図の一例を図17(D)に示す。具体例2で示す発光パネルは、具体例1とは異なる、カラーフィルタ方式を用いたトップエミッション型の発光パネルである。ここでは、具体例1と異なる点のみ詳述し、具体例1と共通する点は説明を省略する。
図18(A)に発光パネルの平面図を示し、図18(A)における一点鎖線A5−A6間の断面図の一例を図18(C)に示す。具体例3で示す発光パネルは、塗り分け方式を用いたトップエミッション型の発光パネルである。ここでは、上記具体例と異なる点のみ詳述し、上記具体例と共通する点は説明を省略する。
図18(B)に発光パネルの平面図を示し、図18(B)における一点鎖線A7−A8間の断面図の一例を図18(D)に示す。具体例4で示す発光パネルは、カラーフィルタ方式を用いたボトムエミッション型の発光パネルである。ここでは、上記具体例と異なる点のみ詳述し、上記具体例と共通する点は説明を省略する。
図18(E)に具体例1~4とは異なる発光パネルの例を示す。ここでは、上記具体例と異なる点のみ詳述し、上記具体例と共通する点は説明を省略する。
次に、発光パネルに用いることができる材料等を説明する。なお、本明細書中で先に説明した構成については説明を省略する場合がある。
次に、発光パネルの作製方法を図19及び図20を用いて例示する。ここでは、具体例1(図18(C))の構成の発光パネルを例に挙げて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置が有する表示パネルに適用可能な、折り曲げ可能なタッチパネルの構成例について、図21~図24を用いて説明する。なお、各層に用いることのできる材料については、実施の形態4を参照することができる。
図21(A)はタッチパネルの上面図である。図21(B)は図21(A)の一点鎖線A−B間及び一点鎖線C−D間の断面図である。図21(C)は図21(A)の一点鎖線E−F間の断面図である。
図22(A)、(B)は、タッチパネル505の斜視図である。なお明瞭化のため、代表的な構成要素を示す。図23は、図22(A)に示す一点鎖線X1−X2間の断面図である。
図24は、タッチパネル505Bの断面図である。本実施の形態で説明するタッチパネル505Bは、供給された画像情報をトランジスタが設けられている側に表示する表示部501を備える点及びタッチセンサが表示部の基板510側に設けられている点が、構成例2のタッチパネル505とは異なる。ここでは異なる構成について詳細に説明し、同様の構成を用いることができる部分は、上記の説明を援用する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置が有する表示パネルに適用可能なタッチパネルの駆動方法の例について、図面を参照して説明する。
図25(A)は、相互容量方式のタッチセンサの構成を示すブロック図である。図25(A)では、パルス電圧出力回路601、電流検出回路602を示している。なお図25(A)では、パルス電圧が与えられる電極621、電流の変化を検知する電極622をそれぞれ、X1−X6、Y1−Y6のそれぞれ6本の配線として示している。また図25(A)は、電極621および電極622が重畳することで形成される容量603を図示している。なお、電極621と電極622とはその機能を互いに置き換えてもよい。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置に適用可能で、大型化が容易な表示パネルの一態様である積層パネルの構成例について、図面を参照して説明する。
本発明の一態様の積層パネル40は、上述した表示パネル400を複数備える。図27(B)では、3つの表示パネルを備える積層パネル40の上面概略図を示す。
図27(B)では一方向に複数の表示パネル400を重ねて配置する構成を示したが、縦方向および横方向の二方向に複数の表示パネル400を重ねて配置してもよい。
31a 映像
31b 映像
31c 映像
31d 映像
32 映像
32a 映像
32b 映像
32c 映像
32d 映像
32e 映像
35 駐車スペース
36 目標物
37 ガイド
38a 画像
38b 画像
40 積層パネル
41 表示領域
50 表示装置
51 表示パネル
52 駆動手段
53 機構
54 筐体
60 車両
61 フロントガラス
62 変速レバー
63 サンバイザ
64 ハンドル
65 ナビゲーションシステム
66 操作部
67 画像出力手段
68 天井
69 変速機
70 システム
71 制御部
72 撮像手段
72a 撮像手段
72b 撮像手段
72c 撮像手段
72d 撮像手段
73 検知手段
74 記憶装置
75 入力手段
80 運転者
81 視点
82 面
83 前方視界
91 シャッター
100 表示パネル
101 表示部
102 固定部
103 支持部材
103a 支持部材
103b 支持部材
104 コード
105 機構
150 表示装置
151 軸部
152 回転機構
153 軸受部
160 表示装置
201 作製基板
203 剥離層
205 作製基板
207 剥離層
230 発光素子
301 表示部
302 画素
302B 副画素
302G 副画素
302R 副画素
302t トランジスタ
303c 容量
303g(1) 走査線駆動回路
303g(2) 撮像画素駆動回路
303s(1) 画像信号線駆動回路
303s(2) 撮像信号線駆動回路
303t トランジスタ
304 ゲート
308 撮像画素
308p 光電変換素子
308t トランジスタ
309 FPC
311 配線
319 端子
321 絶縁層
328 隔壁
329 スペーサ
350R 発光素子
351R 下部電極
352 上部電極
353 EL層
353a EL層
353b EL層
354 中間層
360 封止層
367BM 遮光層
367p 反射防止層
367R 着色層
380B 発光モジュール
380G 発光モジュール
380R 発光モジュール
390 タッチパネル
400 表示パネル
400a 表示パネル
400b 表示パネル
400c 表示パネル
400d 表示パネル
401 表示領域
401a 表示領域
401b 表示領域
401c 表示領域
401d 表示領域
410 領域
410b 領域
410c 領域
410d 領域
412 FPC
412a FPC
420 領域
420b 領域
420c 領域
501 表示部
502R 副画素
502t トランジスタ
503c 容量
503g 走査線駆動回路
503t トランジスタ
505 タッチパネル
505B タッチパネル
509 FPC
510 基板
510a 絶縁層
510b 可撓性基板
510c 接着層
511 配線
519 端子
521 絶縁膜
528 隔壁
550R 発光素子
560 封止層
567BM 遮光層
567p 反射防止層
567R 着色層
570 基板
570a 絶縁層
570b 可撓性基板
570c 接着層
580R 発光モジュール
590 基板
591 電極
592 電極
593 絶縁層
594 配線
595 タッチセンサ
597 接着層
598 配線
599 接続層
601 パルス電圧出力回路
602 電流検出回路
603 容量
611 トランジスタ
612 トランジスタ
613 トランジスタ
621 電極
622 電極
801 基板
803 基板
804 発光部
806 駆動回路部
808 FPC
811 接着層
813 絶縁層
814 導電層
815 絶縁層
816 導電層
817 絶縁層
817a 絶縁層
817b 絶縁層
820 トランジスタ
821 絶縁層
822 トランジスタ
823 封止層
824 封止層
825 接続体
827 スペーサ
830 発光素子
831 下部電極
833 EL層
835 上部電極
841 接着層
843 絶縁層
845 着色層
847 遮光層
849 オーバーコート
857 導電層
857a 導電層
857b 導電層
Claims (20)
- 表示パネルと駆動手段とを有する表示装置であって、
移動体の内部に設置することが可能であり、
前記表示パネルは、可撓性を有し、且つ、第1の形態と、第2の形態とに変形可能で、
前記第1の形態は、前記表示パネルが吊り下げられた形態であり、
前記第2の形態は、前記表示パネルが上方に収納される形態であり、
前記駆動手段は、前記表示パネルを、前記第1の形態と前記第2の形態との間で可逆的に変化させる機能を有する、
表示装置。 - 表示パネルと駆動手段とを有する表示装置であって、
車体の運転席前方の上部に設置することが可能であり、
前記表示パネルは、可撓性を有し、且つ、第1の形態と、第2の形態とに変形可能で、
前記第1の形態は、前記表示パネルが吊り下げられ、前記表示パネルの表示面が運転者から視認できる範囲に位置する形態であり、
前記第2の形態は、前記表示パネルが上方に収納される形態であり、
前記駆動手段は、前記表示パネルを、前記第1の形態と前記第2の形態との間で可逆的に変形させる機能を有する、
表示装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
前記表示パネルは、前記第2の形態において、折り畳まれるように収納される、
表示装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
前記表示パネルは、前記第2の形態において、巻き取られるように収納される、
表示装置。 - 制御部と、検知手段と、第1の撮像手段と、表示装置と、を有し、車体に組み込み可能な運転支援システムであって、
前記検知手段は、前記車体の変速機の状態を検知する機能を有し、且つ前記制御部に検知情報を出力する機能を有し、
前記第1の撮像手段は、前記車体の後方を撮像する機能を有し、
前記表示装置は、表示パネルと駆動手段とを有し、且つ、前記車体の運転席前方の上部に設置することが可能であり、
前記表示パネルは、可撓性を有し、且つ、第1の形態と、第2の形態とに変形可能で、
前記第1の形態は、前記表示パネルが吊り下げられ、前記表示パネルの表示面が運転者から視認できる範囲に位置する形態であり、
前記第2の形態は、前記表示パネルが上方に収納される形態であり、
前記駆動手段は、前記表示パネルを、前記第1の形態と前記第2の形態との間で可逆的に変形させる機能を有し、
前記制御部は、前記検知情報に基づいて、第1の状態または第2の状態に切り替える機能を有し、
前記第1の状態は、前記表示パネルが前記第1の形態であり、且つ、前記第1の撮像手段により撮像された第1の映像が前記表示パネルの前記表示面に表示される状態であり、
前記第2の状態は、前記表示パネルの前記表示面への表示が停止され、且つ、前記表示パネルが前記第2の形態である、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5において、
前記表示パネルは、前記第2の形態において、折り畳まれるように収納される、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5において、
前記表示パネルは、前記第2の形態において、巻き取られるように収納される、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一において、
前記制御部は、前記検知情報が後退であるときに、前記第1の状態に切り替える機能を有し、
前記第1の形態は、前記表示パネルの下端が、運転者の視点の高さ以下に位置する形態である、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一において、
前記制御部は、
前記第1の映像から目標物の位置情報を検知する機能と、
前記位置情報から、前記車体を進行させるべき方向を判断する機能と、
前記第1の状態において、前記表示面に前記第1の映像とともに、ハンドルを操作すべき方向を示す画像を表示する機能と、を有する、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一において、
前記制御部は、前記検知情報が前進であるときに、第3の状態に切り替える機能を有し、
前記第3の状態は、前記表示パネルが第3の形態であり、且つ、前記第1の映像が前記表示面に表示される状態であり、
前記第3の形態は、前記表示パネルの下端が、運転者の視点の高さよりも高く位置する形態である、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一において、
第2の撮像手段を有し、
前記第2の撮像手段は、前記車体の前方、または側方を撮像する機能を有し、
前記制御部は、前記第1の状態において、前記第2の撮像手段により撮像された第2の映像を前記表示パネルの前記表示面に表示する機能を有する、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一、または請求項11において、
前記制御部は、前記第1の状態において、前記第1の映像を左右反転して前記表示パネルの前記表示面に表示する機能を有する、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項10において、
第2の撮像手段を有し、
前記第2の撮像手段は、前記車体の前方、または側方を撮像する機能を有し、
前記制御部は、前記第1の状態及び前記第3の状態において、前記第2の撮像手段により撮像された第2の映像を前記表示パネルの前記表示面に表示する機能を有する、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項10において、
前記制御部は、前記第1の状態及び前記第3の状態において、前記第1の映像を左右反転して前記表示パネルの前記表示面に表示する機能を有する、
運転支援システム。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の表示装置を備え、
前記表示装置が、車体内装の上部に取り付けられた、
車両。 - 請求項15において、
車体の天井に取り付けられたサンバイザを有し、
前記表示装置は、前記表示パネルが前記第2の形態であるとき、前記サンバイザを上げたときに覆われる位置に取り付けられた、
車両。 - 請求項15において、
車体の天井に取り付けられたサンバイザを有し、
前記表示装置は、前記サンバイザに取り付けられた、
車両。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一に記載の運転支援システムを備え、
前記表示装置が、車体内装の上部に取り付けられた、
車両。 - 請求項18において、
車体の天井に取り付けられたサンバイザを有し、
前記表示装置は、前記表示パネルが前記第2の形態であるとき、前記サンバイザを上げたときに覆われる位置に取り付けられた、
車両。 - 請求項18において、
車体の天井に取り付けられたサンバイザを有し、
前記表示装置は、前記サンバイザに取り付けられた、
車両。
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US16/592,119 US11205356B2 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2019-10-03 | Display device and driving support system |
US17/517,938 US11837112B2 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2021-11-03 | Display device and driving support system |
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US11837112B2 (en) | 2023-12-05 |
JP2020008870A (ja) | 2020-01-16 |
JP6935556B2 (ja) | 2021-09-15 |
JP2023139108A (ja) | 2023-10-03 |
US11205356B2 (en) | 2021-12-21 |
US20200055378A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
JP2023011581A (ja) | 2023-01-24 |
JP2022001481A (ja) | 2022-01-06 |
JP7318088B2 (ja) | 2023-07-31 |
JPWO2016020808A1 (ja) | 2017-07-06 |
JP6745961B2 (ja) | 2020-08-26 |
US10434847B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
US20240185746A1 (en) | 2024-06-06 |
JP2020194179A (ja) | 2020-12-03 |
JP6586090B2 (ja) | 2019-10-02 |
US20220058996A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
US20170217290A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
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