WO2011155394A1 - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011155394A1 WO2011155394A1 PCT/JP2011/062723 JP2011062723W WO2011155394A1 WO 2011155394 A1 WO2011155394 A1 WO 2011155394A1 JP 2011062723 W JP2011062723 W JP 2011062723W WO 2011155394 A1 WO2011155394 A1 WO 2011155394A1
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Definitions
- the present application relates to a technique for improving the breakdown voltage of a semiconductor device.
- a semiconductor device using silicon carbide hereinafter abbreviated as SiC
- a semiconductor structure for example, a MOSFET structure, an IGBT structure, or a diode structure
- the present invention relates to a technique capable of improving the withstand voltage of a semiconductor device having an extended terminal insulating region (terminal area).
- a semiconductor structure that functions as a semiconductor device on a semiconductor substrate in which a body region of the first conductivity type (for example, p-type) is stacked on the surface of the drift region of the second conductivity type (for example, n-type) Etc.) has been developed.
- a termination insulating region surrounding the cell area outside a range (cell area) in which a semiconductor structure that functions as a MOSFET, IGBT, diode, or the like is formed. It is known that the breakdown voltage of a semiconductor device can be increased.
- a field plate structure is known as a technique for increasing the breakdown voltage of a semiconductor device.
- a conductor portion is formed on a semiconductor surface via an insulating film.
- the field plate structure it is possible to increase the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device by expanding a depletion layer formed in the semiconductor to prevent electric field concentration.
- an FLR Field (Limiting Ring) structure
- the FLR is formed in an annular shape outside the cell area.
- the outer periphery of the cell area is a second conductivity type drift region. And it has the structure where the 1st conductivity type area
- a depletion layer extending from the periphery of the cell area can be extended outside the FLR. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the electric field from being concentrated in the termination region of the cell area and the breakdown voltage characteristics of the semiconductor device from being deteriorated.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2001-15744, 11-307785, 2004-6723, 9-283754, and 2001-358338 are disclosed. It is disclosed.
- SiC has a relative dielectric constant smaller than that of Si. Therefore, in a semiconductor device using SiC, since a depletion layer is difficult to spread, it is difficult to obtain an effect of improving the breakdown voltage in a general field plate structure in which a conductor portion is formed on the semiconductor surface via an insulating film.
- SiC has a smaller impurity diffusion coefficient than Si. Therefore, in a semiconductor device using SiC, it is difficult to form an FLR structure using diffusion. Further, in a general semiconductor device using SiC, the body region is formed by epitaxial growth, so that a body layer is formed on the entire surface of the wafer. Therefore, a body region is also formed on the outer periphery of the cell area. Then, it is difficult to adopt a general FLR structure in which the first conductivity type region is formed by diffusion in the second conductivity type drift region.
- the present application provides a novel withstand voltage structure that has a cell area and a termination area and can increase the withstand voltage even in a semiconductor device in which it is difficult to improve the withstand voltage with a field plate structure or an FLR structure.
- SiC is used for a semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application includes a semiconductor substrate having a cell area and a termination area surrounding the cell area. A plurality of main trenches are formed in the cell area.
- the termination area is formed with one or more termination trenches surrounding the cell area.
- the one or more termination trenches have a first termination trench on the innermost peripheral side.
- the first conductivity type body region is stacked on the surface of the second conductivity type drift region.
- the main trench penetrates the body region from the surface of the semiconductor substrate to reach the drift region, and a gate electrode is formed therein.
- the first terminal trench penetrates the body region from the surface of the semiconductor substrate and reaches the drift region.
- the side walls and bottom surface of the first termination trench are covered with a first insulating layer. At least a portion of the surface of the first insulating layer covering at least the bottom surface of the first termination trench is covered with the conductive layer. At least during the period when the on-potential is not applied to the gate electrode, the same potential as that applied to the gate electrode or the source electrode is applied to the conductive layer.
- a conductive layer is formed on at least a part of the bottom surface of the first termination trench via a first insulating layer.
- a field plate structure is formed on the bottom surface of the trench. That is, an embedded field plate is formed on the outer periphery of the cell area.
- the first termination trench reaches the drift region from the surface of the semiconductor substrate through the body region. Therefore, the field plate is formed not in the surface of the semiconductor substrate but in the vicinity of the drift region. Thereby, a field plate can be formed in the vicinity of the region where the depletion layer is to be expanded.
- the field plate can expand the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor to prevent electric field concentration, and the breakdown voltage in the vicinity of the cell area termination portion is improved.
- the band gap is larger than that of Si, the relative dielectric constant is small and the depletion layer is difficult to spread. Therefore, even if the field plate structure is provided on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, it is difficult to obtain the effect of the field plate like Si. However, by forming a buried type field plate, even when the depletion layer is difficult to spread, the effect of the field plate can be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the breakdown voltage of the terminal portion of the semiconductor device.
- a plurality of termination trenches surrounding the cell area may be formed in the termination area.
- the plurality of termination trenches may include a first termination trench disposed on the innermost peripheral side and one or a plurality of second termination trenches disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench.
- the first conductivity type body region may be stacked on the surface of the second conductivity type drift region.
- the second termination trench surrounds the outer periphery of the first termination trench, has a narrower width than the first termination trench, penetrates the body region from the surface of the body region, reaches the drift region, The inside may be filled with an insulator.
- the termination area Even in the termination area, if the body region is laminated on the surface of the drift region, it is necessary to electrically isolate the termination area.
- the body region As an example of the structure in which the body region is laminated on the surface of the drift region also in the termination area, there is a case where the body region is formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate by an epitaxial growth method.
- the second termination trench surrounds the outer periphery of the first termination trench and penetrates the body region from the surface of the body region to the drift region.
- the second termination trench is filled with an insulating region. Therefore, the termination area can be electrically separated by the insulator filling the second termination trench.
- the first conductivity type region is left so as to surround the outer periphery of the first termination trench in a ring shape. Then, the first conductivity type region left in the ring shape can be used as the FLR. Thereby, even in the termination area, the FLR can be formed even if the body region is laminated on the surface of the drift region. Accordingly, since the electric field can be relaxed at the cell area end portion by the FLR, the withstand voltage at the end portion can be more reliably ensured.
- the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application can further include a second insulating layer covering the bottom surface of the main trench.
- the thickness of the portion covering the bottom surface of the first insulating layer is preferably thinner than the thickness of the second insulating layer. In this way, by changing the thickness of the insulating layer, the oxide film can be embedded and the terminal portion can be formed at the same time.
- a gate electrode is formed above the second insulating layer.
- a conductive layer is formed above the first insulating layer inside the first termination trench.
- the thickness of the portion covering the bottom surface of the first insulating layer is made thinner than the thickness of the second insulating layer.
- the second conductivity type semiconductor region which is formed in a range facing the surface of the semiconductor substrate and is adjacent to the main trench and separated from the drift region by the body region is further provided.
- a contact region formed on the surface of the body region and conducting to the semiconductor region can be further provided. It is preferable that no contact region is formed outside the region surrounded by the first termination trench.
- the termination area can be in a floating state insulated from the surroundings.
- the first termination trench and the second termination trench have the same depth.
- the first termination trench and the second termination trench can be formed simultaneously in the same process. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device can be simplified.
- the first inter-trench distance between the first termination trench and the termination trench adjacent to the first termination trench is the first termination trench and the first termination trench. It is preferable that the distance is smaller than the second inter-trench distance between the main trenches adjacent to each other. Since no contact region is formed in the region between the first termination trench and the adjacent termination trench, the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor is difficult to spread. On the other hand, since a contact region is formed in a region between the first termination trench and the main trench, a depletion layer formed in the semiconductor is likely to expand. Therefore, by making the first inter-trench distance smaller than the second inter-trench distance, the depletion layer can be easily expanded, and the breakdown voltage of the termination area can be improved.
- the upper portion of the main trench may be blocked by the third insulating layer.
- the conductive layer may contain aluminum.
- the conductive layer includes a surface of the first insulating layer covering the bottom surface and the side wall of the first termination trench, a surface of the body region in a region on the inner peripheral side from the first termination trench, and a main trench. You may coat
- a potential having the same potential as that applied to the source electrode may be applied to the conductive layer.
- a field plate structure is formed by forming a conductive layer on the bottom surface of the first termination trench via a first insulating layer.
- the conductive layer also functions as a source electrode.
- a potential having the same potential as that applied to the source electrode is applied to the conductive layer.
- the potential applied to the source electrode is generally a stable potential (such as a ground potential). Therefore, the effect of the field plate can be further stabilized as compared with the case where the potential applied to the gate electrode is applied to the conductive layer.
- the thickness of the first insulating layer covering the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench is such that the inner peripheral side wall and bottom surface of the first termination trench are It is preferable that the thickness is greater than the thickness of the covering first insulating layer.
- the first insulating layer covering the outer side wall of the first termination trench is applied to the first insulating layer. Electric field concentrates.
- the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application since the thickness of the first insulating layer on the side wall portion on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench is increased, the electric field strength to the portion can be reduced. As a result, the breakdown voltage of the termination area can be improved.
- the thickness of the first insulating layer increases, the stress generated in the portion covered with the first insulating layer increases.
- the thickness of the first insulating layer on the side wall and the bottom surface of the inner peripheral side of the first termination trench is reduced. Therefore, compared with the case where all the insulating layers covering the side wall and the bottom surface of the first termination trench are made thick, the stress generated on the side wall and the bottom surface on the inner peripheral side of the first termination trench can be reduced.
- the first insulating layer includes a lower insulating layer and an upper insulating layer.
- the side walls and bottom surface of the first termination trench are covered with a lower insulating layer.
- a first end is formed in the conductive layer.
- the conductive layer is formed in a region on the inner peripheral side from the first end. The position of the first end portion is closer to the inner peripheral side than the position of the surface of the first insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench when the semiconductor device is observed from vertically above. positioned.
- An example of the lower insulating layer is an insulating layer that embeds a main trench or the like.
- An example of the upper insulating layer is an interlayer insulating film formed between the substrate and the wiring. In the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application, the upper insulating layer is coated on the side wall of the first end portion of the conductive layer and the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench.
- the thickness of the insulating layer existing between the first end portion of the conductive layer and the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench is increased by the amount covered with the upper insulating layer. . Therefore, since the thickness of the insulating layer in the portion where the electric field is concentrated can be increased, the electric field strength can be reduced.
- the distance from the surface of the lower insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench to the first end of the conductive layer is the first termination trench. It is preferable that the region from the surface of the lower insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall to the first end of the conductive layer is a distance that can be filled without voids by the upper insulating layer covering the conductive layer. . Since the conductive layer is not covered between the surface of the first insulating layer covered on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench and the first end of the conductive layer, the trench shape May be formed. In the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application, when the trench-shaped region is filled with the upper insulating layer, the trench-like region is filled in a state where no void exists. Therefore, the effect of reducing the electric field strength can be further enhanced.
- the distance from the surface of the lower insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench to the first end of the conductive layer covers the conductive layer.
- the thickness of the upper insulating layer is preferably twice the thickness. In an ideal upper insulating layer, the thickness of the upper insulating layer covered with the conductive layer and the thickness of the upper insulating layer covered with the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench and the first end of the conductive layer Are equal. Therefore, in the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application, the region between the surface of the first insulating layer covered on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench and the first end of the conductive layer is insulated from the upper layer. When filling with layers, no voids can be present.
- the upper portion of the main trench may be blocked by the third insulating layer.
- the conductive layer may contain aluminum.
- the conductive layer may be formed with a first end.
- the conductive layer may be formed in a region on the inner peripheral side with respect to the first end.
- the position of the first end portion is the inner peripheral side than the position of the surface of the first insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench when the semiconductor device is observed from vertically above. May be located.
- the conductive layer covers the surface of the first insulating layer covering the bottom surface and side walls of the first termination trench, the surface of the body region in the inner peripheral region from the first termination trench, and the main trench.
- the surface of the third insulating layer may be covered continuously.
- a potential having the same potential as that applied to the source electrode may be applied to the conductive layer. From the surface of the first insulating layer covering the sidewall of the first termination trench, the surface and sidewall of the conductive layer covering the surface of the first insulating layer, and the first end of the conductive layer Alternatively, the surface of the first insulating layer covering the bottom surface of the first termination trench in the outer peripheral region may be covered with the fourth insulating layer.
- a field plate structure is formed by forming a conductive layer on the bottom surface of the first termination trench via a first insulating layer. The conductive layer also functions as a source electrode. Since the potential applied to the source electrode is generally a stable potential (such as a ground potential), the effect of the field plate can be further stabilized.
- the fourth insulating layer is coated on the side wall of the first end portion of the conductive layer and the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench. Then, the thickness of the insulating layer existing between the first end portion of the conductive layer and the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench is increased by the amount covered with the fourth insulating layer. become. Therefore, since the thickness of the insulating layer in the portion where the electric field is concentrated can be increased, the electric field strength can be reduced.
- the distance from the surface of the first insulating layer coated on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench to the first end of the conductive layer is the first The region from the surface of the first insulating layer covered on the outer peripheral side wall of the termination trench to the first end of the conductive layer has a void due to the fourth insulating layer covering the conductive layer. It is preferable that the distance is filled in a state where no operation is performed. Since the conductive layer is not covered between the surface of the first insulating layer covered on the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench and the first end of the conductive layer, the trench shape May be formed. In the semiconductor device disclosed in the present application, when the trench-shaped region is filled with the fourth insulating layer, the trench is filled with no void. Therefore, the effect of reducing the electric field strength can be further enhanced.
- an end portion of the conductive layer may be formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate around the opening of the first termination trench.
- terminus trench is an inner peripheral side rather than the position of the side wall of the outer peripheral side of a 1st termination
- the electric field generated in the conductive layer is applied to the first insulating layer covering the side wall of the first termination trench.
- the thickness of the first insulating layer in the region to which the electric field is applied is equal to the depth of the first termination trench and becomes thick. Thereby, the electric field concentration on the first insulating layer can be relaxed, so that the withstand voltage of the termination area can be improved.
- a first diffusion layer of the first conductivity type is formed in at least a part of the drift region located on the bottom surface of the first termination trench.
- the depletion layer at the PN junction between the first diffusion layer and the drift region greatly extends toward the drift region. Therefore, it becomes difficult for a high voltage to enter the first insulating layer covered on the side wall of the first termination trench. Thereby, it is possible to alleviate electric field concentration in the first insulating layer covered on the side wall of the first termination trench.
- a plurality of second termination trenches are provided, and at least part of the drift region existing between the second termination trenches adjacent to each other is provided in the second conductivity type second. It is preferable that a diffusion layer is formed.
- the first conductivity type region left in a ring shape is used as the FLR.
- the second diffusion layer is formed between the second termination trenches, the depletion layer at the PN junction between the second diffusion layer and the drift region extends toward the drift region. Thereby, the effect which extends the depletion layer extended
- the first diffusion layer may have a third end.
- the first diffusion layer may be formed in a region on the inner peripheral side with respect to the third end portion. Further, the position of the third end portion may be located on the outer peripheral side of the position of the side wall on the outer peripheral side of the first termination trench when the semiconductor device is observed from vertically above.
- the electric field concentrates on a corner portion, which is a joint portion between the bottom surface of the first termination trench and the outer peripheral side wall of the first termination trench.
- the first diffusion layer can be formed so as to cover the corner portion. Therefore, it is possible to alleviate electric field concentration at the corner of the first termination trench.
- the first diffusion layer may have a fourth end.
- the first diffusion layer may be formed in a region on the outer peripheral side with respect to the fourth end portion.
- the position of the fourth end portion may be located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the position of the inner peripheral side wall of the first termination trench when the semiconductor device is observed from vertically above. If the first diffusion layer is formed so as to be in contact with the body region existing in the region on the inner peripheral side from the first termination trench, the depletion layer extends from the first diffusion layer. End up. In this case, the field plate cannot sufficiently obtain the effect of expanding the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor.
- the fourth end portion of the first diffusion layer is located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the position of the inner peripheral side wall of the first termination trench.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method disclosed in the present application surrounds a cell area and the cell area on a semiconductor substrate in which a body region of the first conductivity type is stacked on the surface of the drift region of the second conductivity type.
- This is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in which a termination area is formed.
- a semiconductor substrate having a cell area and a termination area surrounding the cell area is provided.
- a plurality of main trenches are formed in the cell area.
- the termination area is formed with one or more termination trenches surrounding the cell area.
- the one or more termination trenches have a first termination trench on the innermost peripheral side.
- the first conductivity type body region is stacked on the surface of the second conductivity type drift region.
- a plurality of main trenches that penetrate the body region from the surface of the semiconductor substrate and reach the drift region are formed in the cell area, and the body region extends from the surface of the semiconductor substrate to the drift region.
- a trench forming step of forming one or more terminal trenches surrounding the cell area is provided.
- An insulating film forming step of forming an insulating film having a predetermined thickness on the surface of the semiconductor substrate is provided.
- An etching process for selectively etching a predetermined amount of the insulating film in the cell area is provided.
- a conductive layer forming step of selectively forming a conductive layer inside the main trench and the first terminal trench is provided.
- the main trench and one or more terminal trenches are formed simultaneously.
- an insulating film is formed inside both the main trench and the termination trench.
- a predetermined amount of the insulating film in the main trench is removed. The predetermined amount is preferably set such that the lower end surface of the conductive layer embedded in the main trench in the conductive layer forming step described later is positioned in the vicinity of the interface between the drift region and the body region.
- a conductive layer is formed both in the main trench and in the first terminal trench. Therefore, an electrode is formed inside the main trench, and a buried field plate structure is formed on the bottom surface of the first termination trench.
- the embedded field plate can be formed in the terminal area using the same process as the process of forming the main trench in which the electrode is embedded in the cell area. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated process for forming the buried type field plate, so that the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device can be simplified.
- the trench formation step forms the first termination trench and surrounds the outer periphery of the first termination trench, and has a width narrower than that of the first termination trench. It is preferable to form a second termination trench that has a surface and extends from the surface of the body region to the drift region through the body region.
- the predetermined thickness of the insulating film formed in the insulating film forming step is such that the second terminal trench is completely filled with the insulating film and the first terminal trench is not completely filled with the insulating film. Is preferred.
- the main trench, the first termination trench, and the second termination trench are simultaneously formed by the trench formation step.
- An insulating film is formed in the main trench, the first terminal trench, and the second terminal trench by the insulating film forming step.
- the width of the second termination trench is made narrower than that of the first termination trench. Therefore, if the predetermined thickness of the insulating film is set such that the second termination trench is completely filled with the insulating film and the first termination trench is not completely filled with the insulating film, the insulating film is filled.
- the second termination trench and the first termination trench in which the insulating film is formed on the side wall and the bottom surface can be simultaneously formed in one insulating film forming step.
- the termination area can be electrically separated by the insulating region filling the second termination trench. Then, the first conductivity type region left in the ring shape in the terminal area can be used as the FLR. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a dedicated process for forming the second termination trench, the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device can be simplified.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
- FIG. (1) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (2) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (The 3) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (4) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (5) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (6) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (5) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (1) which shows the simulation result of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (2) which shows the simulation result of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (1) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- FIG. (2) which shows the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device which concerns on the Example of this application.
- the semiconductor structure formed in the cell area is a MOSFET structure.
- the semiconductor structure formed in the cell area is an IGBT structure.
- the body layer of the first conductivity type is formed by epitaxial growth. Since SiC has a smaller impurity diffusion coefficient than Si, it is difficult to form a body layer by impurity diffusion. Therefore, it is preferable to form the body layer by epitaxial growth. As a result, the body region is formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate, so that the body region is laminated on the surface of the drift region in the termination area.
- the conductive layer is polysilicon or aluminum. Polysilicon and aluminum are common materials for forming the gate electrode.
- the gate electrode formation step and the conductive layer formation step can be performed simultaneously in a common step. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device can be simplified.
- the second diffusion layer is separated from the body region stacked on the surface of the drift region. Thereby, compared with the case where the second diffusion layer is in contact with the body region, the second diffusion layer can be formed at a deeper position in the drift region. Then, the depletion layer at the PN junction between the second diffusion layer and the drift region can be extended to the drift region side. Therefore, the effect of extending the depletion layer extending from the periphery of the cell area to the outside of the FLR can be further enhanced.
- the first inter-trench distance between the first termination trench and the termination trench adjacent to the first termination trench is: It is made narrower than the third inter-trench distance between adjacent main trenches. In the region between the first termination trench and the adjacent termination trench, the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor is less likely to spread than the region between the main trenches adjacent to each other. Therefore, by making the first inter-trench distance smaller than the third inter-trench distance, the depletion layer can be more easily expanded, and the action of the FLR can be exhibited more effectively.
- a third diffusion layer of the first conductivity type is formed in at least a part of the drift region existing between the first termination trench and the second termination trench adjacent to the first termination trench. The third diffusion layer is separated from the first diffusion layer.
- the depletion layer at the PN junction between the third diffusion layer and the drift region extends toward the drift region.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a semiconductor device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. More precisely, the cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2 corresponds to FIG. However, in FIG. 1, hatching with respect to the drift region 112 is omitted.
- the semiconductor device 100 is manufactured by using a semiconductor substrate 102 having an outer periphery 104 as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor substrate 102 is divided into a cell area 105 (inside a frame X indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1) in which a semiconductor structure that operates as a transistor is formed, and a termination area 107 that surrounds the cell area 105.
- main trenches 113 are formed so as to extend in the vertical direction of FIG. Note that the number of main trenches 113 is not limited to six and can be set to an arbitrary number.
- triple termination trenches 161 to 163 extending along the outer periphery 104 are formed inside the outer periphery 104.
- the termination trenches 161 to 163 have a closed loop shape that goes around the cell area 105 along the outer periphery 104.
- the semiconductor device 100 is a semiconductor device using silicon carbide (hereinafter abbreviated as SiC).
- SiC silicon carbide
- the semiconductor substrate 102 is laminated in the order of the n + drain region 111, the n ⁇ drift region 112, and the p ⁇ body region 141 from the back surface side to the front surface side (from the lower side to the upper side in the figure).
- SiC has a smaller impurity diffusion coefficient than Si, it is difficult to form the body region 141 by impurity diffusion. Therefore, the body region 141 is formed by an epitaxial growth method. In the epitaxial growth method, the body region 141 is formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate 102. Therefore, the termination area 107 also has a structure in which the body region is laminated on the surface of the drift region 112.
- the structure of the cell area 105 will be described.
- the main trench 113 reaches the drift region 112 from the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 through the body region 141.
- the intervals between the main trenches 113 are uniform.
- the side wall of each main trench 113 is covered with a gate oxide film.
- An oxide film 171a is embedded in the bottom surface of each main trench 113.
- a gate electrode 122 is embedded in a state of being insulated from the semiconductor substrate 102 by a gate oxide film and an oxide film 171a.
- the material of the gate electrode 122 is polysilicon.
- Each gate electrode 122 penetrates through the body region 141 from the surface of the body region 141 and reaches the drift region 112.
- an n + source region 131 is formed at a position adjacent to the main trench 113.
- a p + body contact region 132 is formed in the gap between the source regions 131.
- a source electrode 133 is formed on the surfaces of the source region 131 and the body contact region 132. The source electrode 133 is connected to the source line S. Note that the source electrode 133 is not formed outside the region surrounded by the termination trench 161.
- the gate electrode 122 is connected to the gate wiring G.
- a gate voltage is applied to the gate electrode 122.
- the gate electrode 122 is insulated from the source electrode 133 and the source wiring S.
- the gate voltage is a voltage for controlling whether or not a current flows in the cell area 105.
- the n + drain region 111 is connected to the drain wiring D.
- the drain wiring D is connected to a positive potential, and the source wiring S is grounded.
- a vertical power MOSFET transistor structure is formed in the cell area 105 by the source region 131, the body region 141, the drift region 112, the drain region 111, and the gate electrode 122.
- termination trenches 161 to 163 are formed.
- the termination trench 161 is arranged on the innermost peripheral side of the triple termination trench.
- the termination trenches 162 and 163 surround the termination trench 161 and are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the termination trench 161.
- the depths of the termination trenches 161 to 163 are the same.
- the depth of the trenches 161 to 163 is the same as that of the main trench 113.
- the termination trenches 161 to 163 penetrate the body region 141 from the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 and reach the drift region 112.
- the width of the termination trench 161 is the width W1.
- the value of the width W1 can be set to, for example, a value of 5 to 20 ( ⁇ m).
- the widths of the termination trenches 162 and 163 are the width W2.
- the width W2 of the termination trenches 162 and 163 is smaller than the width W1 of the termination trench 161.
- the structure of the termination trench 161 will be described.
- the side walls and bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are covered with an oxide film 171.
- a buried electrode 124 is formed on the surface of the oxide film 171 covering the side wall and bottom surface of the termination trench 161.
- the material of the embedded electrode 124 is polysilicon. Therefore, the embedded electrode 124 is formed of the same material as the gate electrode 122.
- the embedded electrode 124 is connected to the gate line G. Therefore, the same gate voltage as that of the gate electrode 122 is applied to the embedded electrode 124.
- the buried electrode 124 is formed on the surface of the drift region 112 via the oxide film 171. Thereby, a field plate structure is formed on the bottom surface of the termination trench 161. Further, the termination trench 161 penetrates the body region 141 from the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 and reaches the drift region 112. Therefore, the field plate structure is formed not in the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 but in the vicinity of the drift region 112. That is, an embedded field plate is formed.
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 on the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 is defined as the thickness T1.
- the thickness of the oxide film 171a on the bottom surface of the main trench 113 is defined as the thickness T2.
- the thickness T1 is thinner than the thickness T2.
- the position of the embedded electrode 124 will be described.
- an end 124a is formed in the chip outer direction (direction of the termination area 107), and an end 124b is formed in the chip inner direction (direction of the cell area 105).
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 covering the side wall of the termination trench 161 is defined as a thickness T11.
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 covering the surface of the body region 141b is defined as a thickness T12.
- the position of the side wall in the chip outer direction in the termination trench 161 is defined as a side wall position P1.
- the position of the end portion 124a is preferably in the chip inner direction (right side in FIG. 2) than the side wall position P1.
- the position of the end portion 124a is more preferably within the range of the thickness T11.
- An electric field is generated in the embedded electrode 124.
- the generated electric field is higher on the end 124a side than on the end 124b side.
- the electric field generated in the embedded electrode 124 is applied to the oxide film 171 covering the surface of the body region 141b.
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 in the region to which the electric field is applied is as thin as the thickness T12.
- the electric field generated in the buried electrode 124 is applied to the oxide film 171 covering the side wall of the termination trench 161. .
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 in the region to which the electric field is applied is equal to the depth of the termination trench 161 and becomes thicker.
- the thickness of the oxide film 171 in the region to which the electric field is applied can be increased by setting the end portion 124a in the chip inner side direction than the side wall position P1, the electric field concentration on the oxide film 171 is reduced. can do. Thereby, the withstand voltage of the termination area 107 can be improved.
- the body region 141 is formed on the entire surface of the drift region 112 by epitaxial growth. Then, also in the termination area 107, the body region 141 is laminated on the surface of the drift region 112. Therefore, it is necessary to electrically isolate the termination area 107.
- the termination trenches 162 and 163 have a shape surrounding the cell area 105 and are formed in the termination area 107. Further, the termination trenches 162 and 163 penetrate the body region 141 from the surface of the body region 141 and reach the drift region 112. The termination trenches 162 and 163 are filled with an oxide film 171. Therefore, the termination area 107 can be electrically isolated by the termination trenches 162 and 163.
- the p-type body regions 141b, 141c, and 141d are left so as to surround the outer periphery of the termination trench 161 in a ring shape. Then, it becomes possible to use the body regions 141b, 141c, and 141d remaining in the ring shape as the FLR.
- the source electrode 133 is not formed outside the region surrounded by the termination trench 161. Therefore, the body regions 141b, 141c, and 141d located outside the termination trench 161 are not connected to any electrode. That is, the termination area 107 can be in a floating state insulated from the surroundings.
- the semiconductor device 100 is used in a state where the source line S is grounded and maintained at the GND potential, and a positive voltage is applied to the drain line D.
- a positive voltage is applied to the gate electrode 122
- the body region 141a is inverted in a region facing the gate electrode 122, a channel is formed, and the source region 131 and the drain region 111 are electrically connected.
- no current flows between the source region 131 and the drain region 111.
- the semiconductor device 100 operates as a transistor.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show simulation results for the spread of the depletion layer in the cross section near the boundary between the cell area and the termination area.
- the semiconductor device 100e shown in FIG. 9 has a configuration in which eight termination trenches 162e are formed in the termination area 107e (left side in FIG. 9).
- the termination trench 162e is a trench filled with an oxide film. Further, seven body regions 141e functioning as FLRs are formed between the termination trenches 162e.
- the semiconductor device 100f of FIG. 10 has a configuration in which a termination trench 161f is formed on the innermost periphery of the termination area 107f (left side of FIG. 10).
- the termination trench 161f is a trench having a buried field plate structure.
- five termination trenches 162f are formed on the outer peripheral side of the termination trench 161f.
- the termination trench 162f is a trench filled with an oxide film.
- five body regions 141f functioning as FLR are formed on the outer peripheral side of the termination trench 161f.
- a simulation is performed on a state where the depletion layer is fully extended after the gate voltage is switched off.
- simulation is performed for the case where a reverse bias voltage is applied to the semiconductor device 100.
- other simulation conditions such as drift layer concentration, drift layer thickness, trench depth, and applied voltage are the same. Therefore, the difference between the semiconductor devices 100e and 100f is the presence or absence of the termination trench 161f.
- the white area represents the depletion layer.
- the depletion layer extends toward the termination area 107f as compared with the semiconductor device 100e (FIG. 9). This is because in the semiconductor device 100f of FIG. 10, depletion in the drift region 112 is promoted by the buried field plate structure of the termination trench 161f. The larger the depleted area, the higher the drain-source breakdown voltage. From the above, it can be seen that the buried field plate has the effect of preventing the electric field concentration by expanding the depletion layer formed in the drift region 112. It can be seen that the breakdown voltage in the vicinity of the cell area termination is improved.
- the effect of preventing electric field concentration can be obtained by expanding the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor by the field plate. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the breakdown voltage of the terminal portion of the cell area 105 with certainty.
- the p-type body regions 141b, 141c, and 141d are left so as to surround the outer periphery of the termination trench 161 in a ring shape. Then, the body region left in the ring shape can be used as the FLR. Thereby, even if the body region 141 is laminated on the surface of the drift region 112 in the termination area 107, the FLR can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to perform electric field relaxation at the cell area end portion by FLR.
- FIGS. 3 to 8 are sectional views taken along line II-II in FIG.
- the body region 141 is formed on the drift region 112 by epitaxial growth.
- the semiconductor substrate 102 having the body region 141 of the epitaxial layer on the drift region 112 as shown in FIG. 3 is manufactured.
- a source region 131 and a body contact region 132 are formed.
- an oxide film layer is formed on the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 by a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method, and a resist layer is formed on the upper surface of the oxide film layer.
- a photoetching technique means a series of processes from photolithography to etching such as RIE. Since a conventionally known method can be used in the photoetching technique, a detailed description is omitted here.
- dry etching is performed on body region 141 and drift region 112 using the oxide film layer as a mask. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of main trenches 113 are formed in the cell area 105, and termination trenches 161 to 163 are formed in the termination area 107. Further, since the main trench 113 and the termination trenches 161 to 163 all have the same depth, these trenches can be formed simultaneously. Therefore, an additional process for forming the termination trenches 161 to 163 is not necessary, and the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 100 can be simplified.
- an oxide film 171 having a predetermined thickness is deposited on the entire surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 by the CVD method. As a result, the oxide film 171 is buried in the main trench 113 and the termination trenches 161 to 163.
- TEOS TetraTeEthyl Ortho Silicate
- BPSG Boron Phosphor Silicate Glass
- SOG Spin on ⁇ Glass
- the width W2 of the termination trenches 162 and 163 is smaller than the width W1 of the termination trench 161.
- the width W3 of the main trench 113 is narrower than the width W1 of the termination trench 161. Therefore, the thickness of the oxide film 171 may be set such that the main trench 113 and the termination trenches 162 and 163 are completely filled, but the termination trench 161 is not completely filled.
- the main trench 113 and the termination trenches 162 and 163 filled with the oxide film 171 and the termination trench 161 having the oxide film 171 formed on the side wall and the bottom surface are simultaneously formed in one oxide film formation step. can do.
- the cell area 105 side (right side in FIG. 2) of the termination trench 161 is at the source potential because the source electrode 133 exists.
- the termination area 161 side (left side in FIG. 2) of the termination trench 161 is in a high potential state because the source electrode 133 does not exist. Therefore, it is preferable that the oxide film 171 has a thickness that can withstand the electric field generated in the termination trench 161.
- the film thickness of the oxide film 171 may be set to a value of 1 ( ⁇ m), for example.
- a resist 201 is formed on the termination area 107 in the surface of the semiconductor substrate 102. Then, the oxide film 171 is etched using the resist 201 as a mask.
- the surface of the body region 141 in the cell area 105 is exposed.
- the height of the oxide film 171a filled in the main trench 113 is adjusted.
- the height of the oxide film 171a is such that the lower end surface of the gate electrode 122 embedded in the main trench 113 is positioned in the vicinity of the interface between the drift region 112 and the body region 141 in the polysilicon deposition process described later.
- the height is preferably adjusted.
- the oxide film 171 in the termination area 107 is not etched because it is protected by the resist 201. When the height adjustment of the oxide film 171a is completed, the resist 201 is removed.
- a thermal oxide film is formed on the wall surface of the main trench 113 by a thermal oxidation process. Thereby, a gate oxide film is formed.
- polysilicon is deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 102. Then, polysilicon other than the main trench 113 and the termination trench 161 is removed by the photoetching technique. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the main trench 113 is filled with polysilicon, whereby the gate electrode 122 is formed. Further, polysilicon is deposited on the side wall and bottom surface of the termination trench 161, whereby the buried electrode 124 is formed. As a result, the gate electrode 122 and the buried electrode 124 can be formed simultaneously in a single electrode formation step.
- the opening width W4 of the termination trench 161 is wider than the opening width W5 of the main trench 113. Therefore, the thickness of the polysilicon may be a thickness that completely fills the main trench 113 but does not completely fill the termination trench 161.
- the buried electrode 124 when the buried electrode 124 is formed, the interior of the termination trench 161 is not completely filled with polysilicon, so that the groove 125 is formed.
- the groove 125 may be filled with a BPSG film, an SOG film, or the like.
- a plurality of main trenches 113 and termination trenches 161 to 163 can be simultaneously formed by one etching process. Also, the step of completely filling the main trench 113 and the termination trenches 162 and 163 with an oxide film and the step of depositing an oxide film on the side wall and bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are simultaneously formed in one oxide film formation step. Can do. In addition, the gate electrode 122 and the buried electrode 124 can be formed simultaneously in a single electrode formation step. Therefore, an additional process for forming the termination trenches 161 to 163 is not necessary, and the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 100 can be simplified.
- the semiconductor device 100g will be described in detail.
- the sidewall and the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are covered with the oxide film 171 and the interlayer insulating layer 172.
- the upper portion of the main trench 113 is covered with an interlayer insulating layer 172b.
- a metal film 174 is formed so as to continuously cover the surface.
- the metal film 174 is connected to a source electrode (not shown), and a source voltage is applied.
- An example of the metal film 174 is aluminum. Note that various kinds of metal such as an alloy containing aluminum and copper can be used for the metal film 174. *
- the gate electrode 122 to which the gate voltage is applied and the metal film 174 to which the source voltage is applied are electrically insulated by the interlayer insulating layer 172b.
- a contact hole that exposes the surface of the gate electrode 122 is formed in the interlayer insulating layer 172b in any cross section in the depth direction of FIG. Further, a gate electrode (not shown) connected to the gate electrode 122 is formed through these contact holes.
- the structure of the termination trench 161 will be described. A sidewall and a bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are covered with an oxide film 171 and an interlayer insulating layer 172. Further, a metal film 174 is formed on the surface of the interlayer insulating layer 172 covering the side walls and bottom surface of the termination trench 161.
- the other structure of the internal structure shown in FIG. 17 is the same as the internal structure shown in FIG.
- a metal film 174 functioning as a buried electrode is formed on the surface of the drift region 112 via the oxide film 171 and the interlayer insulating layer 172.
- a field plate structure can be formed on the bottom surface of the termination trench 161. Therefore, the field plate can be formed in the vicinity of the region where the depletion layer is to be expanded, similarly to the semiconductor device 100 (FIG. 2) according to the first embodiment. Therefore, even when SiC in which the depletion layer is difficult to spread is used, the effect of preventing electric field concentration can be obtained by expanding the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor by the field plate.
- a source voltage is applied to the metal film 174 that functions as a buried electrode.
- the source voltage is generally a stable potential (such as a ground potential).
- the gate voltage is a potential that varies between an on potential and an off potential. Therefore, the effect of the field plate can be further stabilized as compared with the case where the gate voltage is applied to the metal film 174.
- the semiconductor device 100b according to the third embodiment will be described in detail.
- the sidewall and the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are covered with an oxide film 171.
- a buried electrode 124 c is formed on the surface of the oxide film 171 covering the side wall and bottom surface of the termination trench 161.
- the material of the embedded electrode 124c is polysilicon.
- the embedded electrode 124c is connected to the gate line G.
- the formation position of the embedded electrode 124c will be described.
- An end 124d is formed in the embedded electrode 124c.
- the position of the surface of the oxide film 171 covered with the sidewall of the termination trench 161 in the chip outer direction is defined as a position P2.
- the position of the end 124d is located in the chip inner side direction than the position P2.
- the embedded electrode 124c is formed in a region in the chip inner direction (in the cell area 105 direction) than the end portion 124d.
- the surface of the oxide film 171 covering the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 and the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 in the region outside the termination trench 161 are covered with an interlayer insulating layer 172.
- the interlayer insulating layer 172 is an insulating layer formed between the substrate and the wiring.
- An example of the interlayer insulating layer 172 is a BPSG film.
- a trench-shaped region is formed between the position P2 and the end 124d of the buried electrode 124c because the buried electrode 124c is not covered.
- the distance D5 from the position P2 to the end 124d of the buried electrode 124c may be determined so that the trench-shaped region is filled with the interlayer insulating layer 172 without any voids. Specifically, the distance D5 is determined by the step coverage of the interlayer insulating layer 172.
- the step coverage is a ratio of the thickness of the interlayer insulating layer 172 covered on the side wall of the trench to the thickness of the interlayer insulating layer 172 covered on the bottom surface of the trench.
- the step coverage is 100%, and the film thickness covered on the bottom and side walls of the trench is equal.
- the distance D5 is preferably twice the thickness T21.
- the distance D5 is determined according to the step coverage. For example, when the step coverage is 80 (%), the distance D5 may be 1.6 times the thickness T21. Thereby, the effect of relaxing the electric field strength can be further enhanced.
- the total thickness of the oxide film 171 and the interlayer insulating layer 172 covering the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is defined as a thickness T22.
- the thickness T22 is thicker than the thickness T1 (thickness of the oxide film 171 on the bottom surface of the termination trench 161) and the thickness T11 (thickness of the oxide film 171 covering the side wall of the termination trench 161). .
- the other structure of the internal structure shown in FIG. 12 is the same as the internal structure shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 100b When the semiconductor device 100b is turned off and a potential equal to the potential applied to the gate electrode 122 is applied to the buried electrode 124c, an electric field is applied to the insulating layer covering the sidewall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161. Concentrate. However, in the semiconductor device 100b of the present application, the thickness of the insulating layer on the side wall portion in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is increased by the amount covered with the interlayer insulating layer 172.
- the thickness T22 of the insulating layer (the oxide film 171 and the interlayer insulating layer 172) on the side wall portion in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is larger than the thickness T1 and the thickness T11.
- the electric field strength to the insulating layer covering the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 can be relaxed. Therefore, the breakdown voltage of the termination area 107 can be improved.
- the interlayer insulating layer 172 is an essential film for creating a wiring or the like in the semiconductor device 100b.
- the interlayer insulating layer 172 is also used as an insulating layer on the side wall portion of the termination trench 161 in the chip outer direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a dedicated process in order to increase the thickness of the insulating layer on the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161, so that the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 100b can be simplified.
- a region not covered with the buried electrode 124c is formed between the position P2 and the end 124d of the buried electrode 124c.
- the distance D5 between the position P2 and the end portion 124d is twice the thickness T21.
- the greater the thickness of the insulating layer the higher the ability to relax the electric field.
- the thicker the insulating layer that is directly covered with the termination trench 161 the greater the stress applied to the termination trench 161.
- the thickness T22 of the insulating layer directly coated on the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is the thickness T1 of the oxide film 171 directly coated on the bottom surface portion.
- the thickness T11 of the oxide film 171 directly covered on the side wall in the chip inner direction is made thicker.
- the electric field can be relaxed by increasing only the thickness of the insulating layer at the portion where the electric field is concentrated, and the stress can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the insulating layer at the portion where the electric field is not concentrated. Therefore, both the relaxation of the electric field and the reduction of the stress can be achieved.
- a diffusion layer 261 is formed in the drift region 112 located on the bottom surface of the termination trench 161.
- the diffusion layer 261 is a diffusion layer for performing electric field relaxation.
- an end 261a and an end 261b are formed in the diffusion layer 261.
- the end portion 261a is located in the chip outer side direction than the side wall position P1 (position of the side wall in the chip outer side direction in the termination trench 161).
- the position of the side wall in the chip inner direction in the termination trench 161 is defined as a side wall position P3.
- the end 261b is located on the chip outer side than the side wall position P3.
- a p-type diffusion layer 263 is formed in the drift region 112 existing between the termination trenches 162 and 163 adjacent to each other. Diffusion layer 263 is separated from body region 141c. Further, the end portion 263 a of the diffusion layer 263 is positioned deeper than the bottom surfaces of the termination trenches 162 and 163.
- a p-type diffusion layer 262 is formed in the drift region 112 existing between the termination trench 161 and the termination trench 162 adjacent to the termination trench 161. Diffusion layer 262 is separated from body region 141b. The diffusion layer 262 is also separated from the diffusion layer 261. As will be described later, the diffusion layers 262 and 263 are diffusion layers for improving the breakdown voltage of the termination area 107.
- the other structure of the internal structure shown in FIG. 14 is the same as the internal structure shown in FIG.
- the diffusion layer 261 is formed so as to extend along the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161.
- the diffusion layer 262 is formed so as to extend along the termination trench 161 between the termination trenches 161 and 162.
- the diffusion layer 263 is formed so as to extend along the termination trench 162 between the termination trenches 162 and 163.
- the diffusion layers 261 to 263 are formed in a closed loop shape that goes around the cell area 105 along the outer periphery 104.
- the electric field concentrates on the oxide film 171 covering the side wall of the termination trench 161 in the chip outer direction.
- the depletion layer at the PN junction between the diffusion layer 261 and the drift region 112 extends greatly toward the drift region 112 side. Therefore, it is difficult for a high voltage due to the influence of the drain voltage to enter the oxide film 171 coated on the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161. Thereby, the electric field concentration in the oxide film 171 covered on the side wall of the termination trench 161 can be reduced.
- the electric field is particularly concentrated on the corner portion C1 which is a joint portion between the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 and the sidewall of the termination trench 161 in the chip outer direction.
- a diffusion layer 261 is formed so as to cover the corner C1. Therefore, the electric field concentration at the corner C1 of the termination trench 161 can be effectively reduced.
- the effect obtained by forming the diffusion layers 262 and 263 will be described.
- the body regions 141b, 141c, and 141d remaining in a ring shape are used as FLRs. Since the diffusion layers 262 and 263 are formed, a depletion layer at the PN junction between the diffusion layers 262 and 263 and the drift region 112 extends to the drift region 112 side. Thereby, the effect which extends the depletion layer extended from the peripheral part of the cell area 105 to the outer side of FLR can be heightened more. Therefore, the withstand voltage of the termination area 107 can be ensured more reliably.
- the depletion layer extends from the diffusion layer 261 as a starting point.
- the depletion layer extends from the vicinity of the end portion 261a of the diffusion layer 261 that is located outside the embedded electrode 124 of the termination trench 161.
- the end 261b of the diffusion layer 261 is located on the chip outer side than the side wall position P3.
- the diffusion layers 262 and 263 are separated from the body regions 141b and 141c, so that a deeper position in the drift region 112 than in the case where both are in contact with each other.
- the diffusion layers 262 and 263 can be formed.
- the depletion layer at the PN junction between diffusion layers 262 and 263 and drift region 112 can be extended deeper to drift region 112 side. Therefore, the effect of extending the depletion layer extending from the periphery of the cell area 105 to the outside of the FLR can be further enhanced.
- the effect of expanding the depletion layer to the outside of the FLR can be further enhanced. Electric field concentration at the bottoms of the termination trenches 162 and 163 can be further reduced.
- the drift region 112 is formed on the surface of the drain region 111 by an epitaxial growth method.
- a mask layer 210 is formed on the surface of the drift region 112.
- openings corresponding to the diffusion layers 261 to 263 are formed in the mask layer 210 by the photoetching technique.
- ion implantation is performed using the mask layer 210 as a mask.
- the semiconductor substrate 102 in which the diffusion layers 261 to 263 are formed in the drift region 112 is manufactured.
- the mask layer 210 is peeled off. Then, the body region 141 is formed on the drift region 112 by epitaxial growth. Thereby, the semiconductor substrate 102 shown in FIG. 16 is manufactured. Note that the manufacturing process after FIG. 16 is the same as the manufacturing process of FIGS. 4 to 8, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- SiC has a smaller impurity diffusion coefficient than Si. Therefore, in SiC, it is difficult to form a diffusion layer at a deep position from the substrate surface by ion implantation.
- the body region 141 is formed on the surface of the drift region 112 by epitaxial growth. Therefore, it is possible to form a diffusion layer at a deeper position from the substrate surface than when ion implantation is performed from the surface of the body region 141.
- a diffusion layer may be created in the drift region 112 located on the bottom surface of the main trench 113.
- the diffusion layers 261 to 263 can be formed at the same time in the step of creating the diffusion layer at the bottom of the plurality of main trenches 113. Therefore, an additional process for forming the diffusion layers 261 to 263 is not necessary, and the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device 100b can be simplified.
- the semiconductor device 100h according to the fifth embodiment will be described in detail.
- the sidewall and bottom surface of the termination trench 161 are covered with an oxide film 171 and an interlayer insulating layer 172.
- the upper portion of the main trench 113 is covered with an interlayer insulating layer 172b.
- the metal film is formed so as to continuously cover the termination trench 161, the surface of the body region 141a in the region on the inner periphery side of the termination trench 161, and the surface of the interlayer insulating layer 172b covering the main trench 113.
- 174 is formed.
- the metal film 174 is connected to a source electrode (not shown), and a source voltage is applied.
- the formation position of the metal film 174 in the termination trench 161 will be described.
- the metal film 174 has an end 174d.
- the position of the surface of the interlayer insulating layer 172 covered with the side wall in the chip outer direction (direction of the termination area 107) of the termination trench 161 is defined as a position P4.
- the position of the end 174d is located in the chip inner side direction than the position P4.
- the surface of the interlayer insulating layer 172 covering the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 is covered with an insulating layer 175.
- the insulating layer 175 is a layer for protecting the surface of the semiconductor device 100h from external damage.
- An example of the insulating layer 175 is a polyimide film.
- the other structure of the internal structure shown in FIG. 18 is the same as the internal structure shown in FIG.
- the thickness of the insulating layer on the side wall portion in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is increased by the amount covered with the insulating layer 175. That is, the thickness T32 of the insulating layer (the oxide film 171, the interlayer insulating layer 172, and the insulating layer 175) on the side wall portion in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 is made larger than the thickness T1 and the thickness T31. Thereby, the electric field strength to the insulating layer covering the side wall in the chip outer direction of the termination trench 161 can be relaxed. Therefore, the breakdown voltage of the termination area 107 can be improved.
- FIG. 11 shows a modification of the semiconductor device according to the present application.
- a region between the termination trenches 161 and 162 is defined as a region A1.
- a region between the termination trenches 162 and 163 is defined as a region A2.
- the widths of the regions A1 and A2 are defined as distances D1 and D2 between the termination trenches, respectively.
- a region between the termination trench 161 and the main trench 113 is defined as a region A3.
- a region between the main trenches 113 is defined as a region A4.
- the widths of the regions A3 and A4 are defined as main trench distances D3 and D4, respectively.
- distances D1 and D2 between termination trenches are narrower than distances D3 and D4 between main trenches.
- the body contact region 132 is formed on the surface of the body region 141a.
- the regions A1 and A2 none of the regions are formed in the body regions 141b and 141c. Therefore, the depletion layer formed in the semiconductor is less likely to expand in regions A1 and A2 than regions A3 and A4 in which body contact region 132 is formed. Therefore, by making the distances D1 and D2 between the termination trenches shorter than the distances D3 and D4 between the main trenches, the depletion layer can be easily expanded in the regions A1 and A2, and the drain-source breakdown voltage is improved. Thereby, the withstand voltage of the termination area 107 can be improved.
- the oxide film 171 is deposited on the entire surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102, anisotropic etching such as RIE may be added.
- anisotropic etching such as RIE may be added.
- the oxide film 171 covering the bottom surface of the termination trench 161 and the surface 101 of the semiconductor substrate 102 are coated while maintaining the thickness of the oxide film 171 covering the sidewall of the termination trench 161 constant. Only the thickness of the oxide film 171 can be reduced by etching back.
- a diffusion layer is formed on the surface of the drift region 112 by an epitaxial growth method. Then, the diffusion layer is patterned into a shape corresponding to the diffusion layers 261 to 263 by a photoetching technique. Thereafter, the diffusion regions 261 to 263 can be formed in the drift region 112 by forming the drift region 112 again by an epitaxial growth method.
- diffusion layers 261 to 263 need be formed, and only the diffusion layer 261 may be formed. Further, only one of the diffusion layers 262 and 263 may be formed. Each of diffusion layers 262 and 263 may be in contact with body regions 141b and 141c.
- the technique described in the third embodiment and the technique described in the fourth embodiment can be performed simultaneously. Thereby, the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device can be further increased.
- the semiconductor used is not limited to SiC. Other types of semiconductors such as GaN and GaAs may be used. Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated the power MOSFET structure, it is not restricted to this form. Even when the technique of the present application is applied to the IGBT structure, the same effect can be obtained.
- one termination trench 161 having a buried field plate structure is formed, but the number is not limited to this.
- the breakdown voltage can be improved as the number of the termination trenches 161 is increased.
- two termination trenches 162 and 163 filled with the oxide film 171 are formed, but the number is not limited to this.
- the breakdown voltage can be improved as the number of the termination trenches 162 and 163 is increased.
- the number of the termination trenches 161 to 163 is increased, the space of the termination area 107 is increased, which hinders downsizing of the entire semiconductor device 100. Therefore, the number of termination trenches 161 to 163 is preferably determined in accordance with a required breakdown voltage.
- the P-type and N-type may be interchanged.
- the insulating region is not limited to the oxide film, and may be another type of insulating film such as a nitride film or a composite film.
- the termination area 107 in this case is a range that surrounds the cell area 105 that forms the semiconductor device 100, and is not necessarily a range that extends along the outer periphery of the semiconductor substrate.
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Abstract
Description
第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている第1の絶縁層の表面と、導電層の第1の端部との間には、導電層が被覆されていないことで、トレンチ形状の領域が形成されている場合がある。そして、本願に開示される半導体装置では、当該トレンチ形状の領域が、上層絶縁層によって埋められる際に、ボイドが存在しない状態で埋められる。よって、電界強度を緩和する効果をより高めることができる。
(特徴1)セルエリアに形成されている半導体構造はMOSFET構造である。
(特徴2)セルエリアに形成されている半導体構造はIGBT構造である。
(特徴3)第1導電型のボディ層はエピタキシャル成長により形成される。SiCは、Siに比して不純物の拡散係数が小さいため、不純物拡散によりボディ層を形成することは困難である。よって、エピタキシャル成長によりボディ層を形成することが好ましい。これにより、半導体基板の全面にボディ領域が形成されるため、終端エリアにおいて、ドリフト領域の表面にボディ領域が積層されている構造となる。
(特徴4)導電層は、ポリシリコンまたはアルミニウムである。ポリシリコンやアルミニウムは、ゲート電極を形成する一般的な材料である。よって、ゲート電極の形成工程と、導電層の形成工程とを共通の工程で同時に行うことが可能となる。よって、半導体装置の製造工程を簡略化することができる。
(特徴5)第2の拡散層は、ドリフト領域の表面に積層されているボディ領域と分離している。これにより、第2の拡散層がボディ領域と接している場合に比して、第2の拡散層をドリフト領域内のより深い位置に形成することができる。すると、第2の拡散層とドリフト領域とのPN接合部での空乏層を、ドリフト領域側により伸ばすことができる。よって、セルエリアの周辺部から延伸する空乏層をFLRの外側に広げる効果を、さらに高めることができる。
(特徴6)第1の終端トレンチと第1の終端トレンチに隣接する終端トレンチとの間の第1のトレンチ間距離が、
互いに隣接するメイントレンチ間の第3のトレンチ間距離よりも狭くされている。第1の終端トレンチとそれと隣接する終端トレンチとの間の領域は、互いに隣接するメイントレンチ間の領域に比して、半導体中に形成される空乏層が拡がりにくい。よって、第1のトレンチ間距離を第3のトレンチ間距離よりも狭くすることにより、より空乏層が拡がりやすくすることができ、FLRの作用をより有効に発揮させることが可能となる。
(特徴7)第1の終端トレンチと、第1の終端トレンチに隣接する第2の終端トレンチとの間に存在するドリフト領域の少なくとも一部に、第1導電型の第3の拡散層が形成されており、第3の拡散層は第1の拡散層と分離している。第3の拡散層が形成されていることで、第3の拡散層とドリフト領域とのPN接合部での空乏層が、ドリフト領域側に伸びている。これにより、セルエリアの周辺部から延伸する空乏層をFLRの外側に広げる効果を、より高めることができる。よって、終端部の耐圧をより確実に確保することが可能となる。
図12に示すように、半導体装置100bでは、終端トレンチ161の側壁および底面は、酸化膜171で被覆されている。また、終端トレンチ161の側壁および底面を被覆している酸化膜171の表面には、埋め込み電極124cが形成されている。埋め込み電極124cの材料は、ポリシリコンである。また埋め込み電極124cは、ゲート配線Gに接続されている。
半導体装置100bをオフしたときに、ゲート電極122に印加される電位と同電位の電位が埋め込み電極124cに印加されると、終端トレンチ161のチップ外側方向の側壁を被覆している絶縁層に電界が集中する。
しかし、本願の半導体装置100bでは、層間絶縁層172が被覆されている分だけ、終端トレンチ161のチップ外側方向の側壁部分の絶縁層の厚さが厚くされている。すなわち、終端トレンチ161のチップ外側方向の側壁部分の絶縁層(酸化膜171および層間絶縁層172)の厚さT22が、厚さT1および厚さT11よりも厚くされている。これにより、終端トレンチ161のチップ外側方向の側壁を被覆している絶縁層への電界強度を緩和することができる。よって、終端エリア107の耐圧を向上させることが可能となる。
101: 表面
102: 半導体基板
104: 外周
105: セルエリア
107: 終端エリア
111: ドレイン領域
112: ドリフト領域
113: メイントレンチ
122: ゲート電極
124:埋め込み電極
133: ソース電極
141: ボディ領域
161~163 終端トレンチ
171 酸化膜
D : ドレイン配線
S : ソース配線
G : ゲート配線
Claims (20)
- セルエリアと、そのセルエリアを取囲んでいる終端エリアを有するSiCの半導体基板を備えており、
セルエリアには、複数のメイントレンチが形成されており、
終端エリアには、セルエリアを取囲んでいる1又は複数の終端トレンチが形成されており、
1又は複数の終端トレンチは、その最内周側に第1の終端トレンチを有しており、
第1の終端トレンチより内周側の領域の半導体基板では、第2導電型のドリフト領域の表面に第1導電型のボディ領域が積層されており、
メイントレンチは、半導体基板の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達すると共に、その内部にゲート電極が形成されており、
第1の終端トレンチは、半導体基板の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達しており、
第1の終端トレンチの側壁および底面は第1の絶縁層で被覆されており、
第1の絶縁層のうち少なくとも第1の終端トレンチの底面を被覆する部分の表面の少なくとも一部が導電層で被覆されており、
少なくともゲート電極にオン電位が印加されていない期間において、ゲート電極またはソース電極に印加される電位と同電位の電位が導電層に印加されている
ことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 終端エリアには、セルエリアを取囲んでいる複数の終端トレンチが形成されており、
その複数の終端トレンチは、最内周側に配置される第1の終端トレンチと、その第1の終端トレンチの外周側に配置される1又は複数の第2の終端トレンチを有しており、
第1の終端トレンチの外周側の領域の半導体基板でも、第2導電型のドリフト領域の表面に第1導電型のボディ領域が積層されており、
第2の終端トレンチは、第1の終端トレンチの外周を取り囲んでおり、第1の終端トレンチよりも狭い幅を有し、ボディ領域の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達しており、その内部が絶縁体で充填されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - メイントレンチの底面を被覆している第2の絶縁層をさらに備え、
第1の絶縁層の底面を被覆する部分の厚さは、第2の絶縁層の厚さよりも薄くされていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - 半導体基板の表面に臨む範囲に形成されており、メイントレンチに隣接すると共に、ボディ領域によってドリフト領域から分離されている第2導電型の半導体領域と、
ボディ領域の表面に形成されているとともに、前記半導体領域に導通しているコンタクト領域とをさらに備え、
第1の終端トレンチによって取り囲まれた領域の外側にはコンタクト領域が形成されていないことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の終端トレンチと第2の終端トレンチの深さは同一とされていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1の終端トレンチと第1の終端トレンチに隣接する終端トレンチとの間の第1のトレンチ間距離は、
第1の終端トレンチと第1の終端トレンチに隣接するメイントレンチとの間の第2のトレンチ間距離よりも狭くされていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の半導体装置。 - 第3の絶縁層によってメイントレンチの上部が塞がれており、
導電層はアルミニウムを含んでおり、
導電層は、第1の終端トレンチの底面および側壁を被覆している第1の絶縁層の表面と、第1の終端トレンチより内周側の領域のボディ領域の表面と、メイントレンチを塞いでいる第3の絶縁層の表面とを、連続して被覆しており、
導電層には、ソース電極に印加される電位と同電位の電位が印加されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁を被覆している第1の絶縁層の厚さは、第1の終端トレンチの内周側の側壁および底面を被覆している第1の絶縁層の厚さよりも厚くされていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし7の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1の絶縁層は、下層絶縁層および上層絶縁層を備えており、
第1の終端トレンチの側壁および底面は下層絶縁層で被覆されており、
導電層には、第1の端部が形成されており、
導電層は第1の端部よりも内周側の領域に形成されており、
第1の端部の位置は、前記半導体装置を垂直上方から観測したときに、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている第1の絶縁層の表面の位置よりも内周側に位置しており、
第1の終端トレンチの側壁を被覆している下層絶縁層の表面と、下層絶縁層の表面を被覆している導電層の表面および側壁と、導電層の第1の端部よりも外周側の領域において第1の終端トレンチの底面を被覆している下層絶縁層の表面と、が上層絶縁層で被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし8の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている下層絶縁層の表面から導電層の第1の端部までの距離は、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている下層絶縁層の表面から導電層の第1の端部までの領域が、導電層を被覆している上層絶縁層によって、ボイドが存在しない状態で埋められる距離であることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている下層絶縁層の表面から導電層の第1の端部までの距離は、導電層を被覆している上層絶縁層の厚さの2倍であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 第3の絶縁層によってメイントレンチの上部が塞がれており、
導電層はアルミニウムを含んでおり、
導電層には、第1の端部が形成されており、
導電層は第1の端部よりも内周側の領域に形成されており、
第1の端部の位置は、前記半導体装置を垂直上方から観測したときに、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている第1の絶縁層の表面の位置よりも内周側に位置しており、
導電層は、第1の終端トレンチの底面および側壁を被覆している第1の絶縁層の表面と、第1の終端トレンチより内周側の領域のボディ領域の表面と、メイントレンチを塞いでいる第3の絶縁層の表面とを、連続して被覆しており、
導電層には、ソース電極に印加される電位と同電位の電位が印加されており、
第1の終端トレンチの側壁を被覆している第1の絶縁層の表面と、第1の絶縁層の表面を被覆している導電層の表面および側壁と、導電層の第1の端部よりも外周側の領域において第1の終端トレンチの底面を被覆している第1の絶縁層の表面と、が第4の絶縁層で被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし8の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている第1の絶縁層の表面から導電層の第1の端部までの距離は、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁に被覆されている第1の絶縁層の表面から導電層の第1の端部までの領域が、導電層を被覆している第4の絶縁層によって、ボイドが存在しない状態で埋められる距離であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1の終端トレンチの開口部周辺における半導体基板の表面には、導電層の第2の端部が形成されており、
第1の終端トレンチの外周側に存在する導電層の第2の端部の位置は、前記半導体装置を垂直上方から観測したときに、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁の位置よりも内周側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項1ないし8の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の終端トレンチの底面に位置するドリフト領域の少なくとも一部に、第1導電型の第1の拡散層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし14の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 第2の終端トレンチは複数備えられており、
互いに隣接する第2の終端トレンチ間に存在するドリフト領域の少なくとも一部に、第1導電型の第2の拡散層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項2ないし15の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の拡散層は、第3の端部を有しており、
第1の拡散層は第3の端部よりも内周側の領域に形成されており、
第3の端部の位置は、前記半導体装置を垂直上方から観測したときに、第1の終端トレンチの外周側の側壁の位置よりも外周側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項15または16の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の拡散層は、第4の端部を有しており、
第1の拡散層は第4の端部よりも外周側の領域に形成されており、
第4の端部の位置は、前記半導体装置を垂直上方から観測したときに、第1の終端トレンチの内周側の側壁の位置よりも外周側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項15ないし17の何れか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - セルエリアと、そのセルエリアを取囲んでいる終端エリアを有する半導体基板を備えており、
セルエリアには、複数のメイントレンチが形成されており、
終端エリアには、セルエリアを取囲んでいる1又は複数の終端トレンチが形成されており、
1又は複数の終端トレンチは、その最内周側に第1の終端トレンチを有しており、
第1の終端トレンチより内周側の領域の半導体基板では、第2導電型のドリフト領域の表面に第1導電型のボディ領域が積層されている半導体装置を製造する方法であって、
第2導電型のドリフト領域の表面に第1導電型のボディ領域が積層されている半導体基板の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達している複数のメイントレンチをセルエリアに形成するとともに、半導体基板の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達している1又は複数の終端トレンチをセルエリアを取り囲むように形成するトレンチ形成工程と、
半導体基板の表面に所定厚さの絶縁膜を形成する絶縁膜形成工程と、
セルエリア内の絶縁膜を選択的に所定量エッチングするエッチング工程と、
メイントレンチ内部および第1の終端トレンチ内部に選択的に導電層を形成する導電層形成工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - トレンチ形成工程は、第1の終端トレンチを形成すると共に、第1の終端トレンチの外周を取り囲んでおり、第1の終端トレンチよりも狭い幅を有し、ボディ領域の表面からボディ領域を貫通してドリフト領域に達している第2の終端トレンチを形成し、
絶縁膜形成工程で形成される絶縁膜の所定厚さは、第2の終端トレンチが絶縁膜で完全に充填されると共に、第1の終端トレンチが絶縁膜で完全に充填されない厚さであることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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JP5633992B2 (ja) | 2014-12-03 |
US20130075760A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
DE112011101964T5 (de) | 2013-04-25 |
US8952430B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
JP2012019188A (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
CN102947937B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
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CN102947937A (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
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