WO2011048800A1 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011048800A1 WO2011048800A1 PCT/JP2010/006199 JP2010006199W WO2011048800A1 WO 2011048800 A1 WO2011048800 A1 WO 2011048800A1 JP 2010006199 W JP2010006199 W JP 2010006199W WO 2011048800 A1 WO2011048800 A1 WO 2011048800A1
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- H01L21/0445—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising crystalline silicon carbide
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a silicon carbide power semiconductor device.
- the power semiconductor device is a semiconductor element used for a high current and high current flow, and is desired to have a low loss. Recently, power semiconductor devices are used for high-speed inverters. In such applications, high-speed operation is also required.
- the breakdown voltage of the silicon carbide material itself is an order of magnitude higher than that of silicon. For this reason, when a power semiconductor device is fabricated using silicon carbide, the reverse breakdown voltage can be maintained even if the depletion layer at the pn junction or the Schottky junction is thinned. Therefore, by reducing the thickness of the device and increasing the doping concentration of the silicon carbide layer, a power semiconductor device with low on-resistance, high breakdown voltage, and low loss can be realized. Moreover, the saturation electron velocity of silicon carbide is about twice that of silicon, and high-speed operation can be realized.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a silicon carbide semiconductor device in which channel mobility is increased and on-resistance is reduced.
- FIG. 37 is a cross sectional view for illustrating the silicon carbide semiconductor device disclosed in Patent Document 1. In FIG.
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device 1000 shown in FIG. 37 is a vertical metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistor (hereinafter referred to as “MISFET”), and has a planar structure.
- the semiconductor device 1000 includes a semiconductor substrate 101 containing n + type SiC.
- a first silicon carbide layer 120 made of silicon carbide is provided on the main surface of semiconductor substrate 101.
- p type body region 104 having a predetermined depth is formed. Portions other than body region 104 of first silicon carbide layer 120 serve as n ⁇ type drift region 102.
- an n + -type first impurity region (source region) 103 is formed.
- a contact region 207 is provided in the body region 104.
- a second silicon carbide layer 105 connecting first impurity region 103 and drift region 102 is arranged to cover the surface layer portion of body region 104.
- Gate electrode 108 is formed on the surface of second silicon carbide layer 105 with gate oxide film 107 interposed.
- An interlayer insulating film 109 is provided on the surface of the first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover the gate electrode 108.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is provided with a contact hole that exposes the first impurity region 103 and the contact region 207, a first ohmic electrode (source electrode) 122 is provided in the contact hole, and a wiring 110 is further provided. Yes.
- a contact hole exposing the gate electrode 108 is provided in the interlayer insulating film 109, and a wiring 112 is provided in the contact hole.
- a metal silicide layer 123 is formed between the wiring 112 and the gate electrode 108.
- a second ohmic electrode (drain electrode) 111 is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a storage channel 41 is formed in the second silicon carbide layer 105 by applying a voltage between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the gate electrode 108 and applying an electric field to the gate oxide film 107. Is induced, and carriers flow between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the second ohmic electrode 111.
- the channel mobility is increased and the on-resistance is increased as compared with the case in which the semiconductor device 1000 is operated in the inversion mode in which the conductivity type is inverted to induce the channel. Can be reduced.
- a method for manufacturing silicon carbide semiconductor device 1000 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a semiconductor substrate 101 containing n + type SiC is prepared, and a first silicon carbide layer 120 made of n ⁇ type SiC is formed on the main surface by an epitaxial growth method.
- a first implantation mask 72 having an opening in a region to be the body region 104 is formed.
- Ion implantation for forming the body region 104 is performed while heating the semiconductor substrate 101 at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- an organic resist is not suitable for the first implantation mask 72 because of poor heat resistance. Therefore, an inorganic film such as a silicon oxide film, polysilicon, or silicon nitride film is formed on the main surface of the first silicon carbide layer 120, an organic resist mask is formed thereon, and this organic resist mask is used. Then, the inorganic film is etched to remove the organic resist. Thereby, the heat resistant first implantation mask 72 is obtained.
- FIG. 38 shows a cross section after the organic resist is removed and the body region 104 is formed.
- a mask for ion implantation is formed by the same method. Portions other than body region 104 of first silicon carbide layer 120 serve as drift region 102.
- an organic resist mask having a pattern defining a region to be a contact region is used as the inorganic film. Formed on top (not shown).
- the inorganic film is anisotropically etched by a dry etching method using an organic resist mask, whereby the first sidewall 71 located on the side wall of the first implantation mask 72 and the second implantation mask 78 covering the contact region. And form. Impurities are ion-implanted into the body region 104 using the first sidewall 71 and the second implantation mask 78 to form the first impurity region 103.
- a third implantation mask 73 having an opening in a region to be a contact region is formed.
- the contact region 207 is formed on the surface of the first silicon carbide layer 120 by, for example, implanting aluminum ions into the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- annealing is performed at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, for example, 1700 ° C., to activate the impurities implanted so far (not shown).
- second silicon carbide layer 105 is deposited on the main surface of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- a photoresist 76 defining the second silicon carbide layer 105 is formed, and the unnecessary second silicon carbide layer 105 is removed by dry etching.
- a gate oxide film 107 is formed on the second silicon carbide layer 105, and a gate electrode 108 is formed thereon.
- interlayer insulating film 109 is formed on the entire surface of first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover gate electrode 108.
- a contact hole 109a exposing the gate electrode 108 and a contact hole 109b exposing the contact region 207 and the first impurity region 103 are formed in the interlayer insulating film 109.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 and the wiring 110 are formed in the contact hole 109b, and the metal silicide layer 123 and the wiring 112 are formed in the contact hole 109a. Further, the second ohmic electrode 111 is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 101. Thereby, the semiconductor device 1000 is completed.
- the contact region 207 contacts the body region 104 at a part of the bottom surface and the side surface, but contacts the first ohmic electrode 122 only at the top surface. Therefore, in order to make the body region 104 have the same potential as the first ohmic electrode 122, there is sufficient conductivity between the upper surface of the contact region 207 in contact with the first ohmic electrode 122 and the bottom surface and side surfaces in contact with the body region 104. It is necessary to be secured. For this purpose, conventionally, the contact energy 207 is changed, and p-type impurity ions are implanted several times to form the contact region 207. However, in general, silicon carbide is difficult to diffuse impurities, so that the time required for ion implantation becomes long and there is a problem that the load on the ion implanter is large.
- JFET junction field-effect transistor
- the structure is equivalent to the presence of the parasitic transistor T1 having the body region 104 sandwiched between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60 as a gate, and the time required for switching the transistor T1. Causes a delay in switching of the semiconductor device 1000.
- the semiconductor device 1000 is turned on when a voltage (for example, 20 V) higher than the threshold (Vth) is applied between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the gate electrode 108 with the gate electrode 108 side being positive. Then, the storage channel 41 is formed in the second silicon carbide layer 105 through the gate oxide film 107, and electrons flow into the storage channel 41. At this time, since electrons accumulated in a depletion layer formed between the body region 104 and the drift region 102 are also used, the potential of the body region 104 (hereinafter referred to as a body potential) is a source potential. As the depletion layer shrinks, the current path of the JFET region 60 is formed and the device is turned on.
- a voltage for example, 20 V
- Vth threshold
- the external resistance is selected so that the drain voltage becomes about 1V to 2V due to the voltage drop of the external resistance.
- the source potential and the body potential are both 0V, and the drain voltage is approximately 0 to 2V.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device capable of high-speed operation by reducing the contact resistance value to the body region.
- a semiconductor device of the present invention includes a semiconductor substrate having a main surface and a back surface, a first silicon carbide layer disposed on the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a first conductivity type disposed on the first silicon carbide layer.
- a semiconductor substrate having a main surface and a back surface
- a first silicon carbide layer disposed on the main surface of the semiconductor substrate
- a first conductivity type disposed on the first silicon carbide layer.
- a second conductivity type body region disposed adjacent to the first impurity region, and a position deeper than the first impurity region in the body region
- a second conductivity type contact region containing a second conductivity type impurity at a higher concentration than the body region, and a region other than the body region and the first impurity region in the first silicon carbide layer.
- a first conductivity type drift region disposed; and a first ohmic electrode in ohmic contact with the first impurity region and the contact region, wherein the first silicon carbide layer includes the first impurity region.
- a contact trench is provided, and the contact trench has a bottom surface and a side wall, and the side wall of the contact trench has a lower side wall located deeper than a bottom surface of the first impurity region, and the first impurity region.
- the first ohmic electrode is disposed in the contact trench, and the contact is formed on at least a part of the bottom of the side wall of the contact trench and the bottom surface of the contact trench. Touch the area.
- a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device uses a semiconductor substrate having a main surface and a back surface, a second conductivity type body region, and a first conductivity type first impurity region disposed adjacent to the body region.
- a first conductivity type drift region disposed in a region other than the body region and the first impurity region, wherein at least a part of the body region is located deeper than the first impurity region.
- Another method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention uses a semiconductor substrate having a main surface and a back surface, a second conductivity type body region, and a first conductivity type first impurity disposed adjacent to the body region.
- a first conductivity type drift region disposed in a region other than the body region and the first impurity region, and at least a part of the body region is located deeper than the first impurity region.
- the contact area between the contact region and the first ohmic electrode can be expanded while ensuring the contact area between the first impurity region and the first ohmic electrode. Therefore, since the contact resistance to the body region of the first ohmic electrode can be reduced, the potential of the body region can be made to coincide with the potential of the first ohmic electrode at an extremely high speed, and the switching speed of the semiconductor device can be increased. . In addition, the contact resistance of the first ohmic electrode to the first impurity region can be kept low, and a low on-resistance can be realized.
- the contact resistance between the first ohmic electrode and the body region can be reduced, it is possible to realize a semiconductor device capable of suppressing the delay of the switching operation and operating at high speed.
- the number of contact region implantations can be reduced, and the time required for the ion implantation process can be shortened.
- (A) is typical sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment of the semiconductor device by this invention
- (b) is an expanded sectional view of the contact trench part shown to (a).
- FIG. 1 is typical sectional drawing of the semiconductor device of 2nd Embodiment by this invention
- (b) is an expanded sectional view of the contact trench part shown to (a).
- (A) is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device of 2nd Embodiment
- (b) is an expanded sectional view for demonstrating the inclination
- (A) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the semiconductor device by this invention
- (b) is an expanded sectional view of the contact trench part shown to (a).
- 6C is a plan view illustrating the arrangement relationship between the bottom surface of the contact trench and the contact region. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method 1 of the semiconductor device of 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 38 is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the conventional semiconductor device shown in FIG. 37. It is typical sectional drawing for demonstrating the equivalent circuit produced when turning on the conventional semiconductor device. It is typical sectional drawing for demonstrating the equivalent circuit produced when the conventional semiconductor device is made into an OFF state.
- the first conductivity type may be either n-type or p-type.
- the second conductivity type is p-type or n-type.
- FIG. 1A schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of a semiconductor device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Semiconductor device 100 has a main surface 101a and a back surface 101b, and includes a first conductivity type semiconductor substrate 101 containing silicon carbide.
- a first conductivity type first silicon carbide layer is provided on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101.
- the first silicon carbide layer is an epitaxial layer.
- a second conductivity type body region 104 and a first conductivity type first impurity region 103 disposed adjacent to the body region 104 are formed.
- the impurity concentration of the first conductivity type first impurity region 103 is higher than the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- At least a part of the body region 104 is located deeper than the first impurity region 103.
- a second conductivity type contact region 131 containing a second conductivity type impurity at a higher concentration than the body region 104 is disposed at a position deeper than the first impurity region 103.
- Regions other than body region 104 and first impurity region 103 in first silicon carbide layer 120 serve as drift region 102.
- the impurity concentration of the drift region 102 is lower than the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- body region 104 is formed in a region from upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120 to a predetermined depth, and first region is formed in the region from upper surface 120a to a predetermined depth in body region 104.
- Impurity region 103 is formed.
- the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 is shallower than the position of the bottom surface of the body region 104, and the first impurity region 103 does not protrude from the body region 104.
- Body region 104 and first impurity region 103 are exposed at upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- First impurity region 103 is surrounded by body region 104 on upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the first silicon carbide layer 120 is provided with a contact trench 121 penetrating the first impurity region 103.
- a first ohmic electrode 122 that makes ohmic contact with the first impurity region 103 and the contact region 131 is provided.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the contact region 131 at a part of the side wall and the bottom surface of the contact trench 121.
- FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the body region 104 and the first impurity region 103.
- the contact trench 121 has a bottom surface 121b and a side wall 121c.
- the sidewall 121c includes a sidewall lower portion 121cL that is deeper than the bottom surface 103b of the first impurity region 103, and a sidewall upper portion 121cU that is located at the same depth as or shallower than the bottom surface 103b of the first impurity region 103.
- the bottom surface 121 b of the contact trench 121 is deeper than the bottom surface 103 b of the first impurity region 103 and shallower than the bottom surface 104 b of the body region 104.
- the contact region 131 is formed between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the body region 104 along the side wall lower portion 121 cL and the bottom surface 121 b of the contact trench 121. Accordingly, the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with at least a part of the side wall lower portion 121 cL and the bottom surface 121 b of the contact trench 121.
- a second impurity region 132 is formed between the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode 122 along the side wall upper portion 121 cU of the contact trench 121.
- the second impurity region 132 is a region formed by implanting a second conductivity type impurity into the first impurity region 103. Therefore, the second impurity region 132 includes both the same first conductivity type impurity as the impurity contained in the first impurity region 103 and the same second conductivity type impurity as the impurity contained in the contact region 131.
- the first impurity region 103 contains the same first conductivity type impurity at substantially the same concentration as the first impurity region 103, and contains the second conductivity type impurity at a higher concentration than the first impurity region 103.
- the conductivity type of the second impurity region 132 is not particularly limited. Depending on which conductivity type of impurity the second impurity region 132 contains, it may become the first conductivity type region or the second conductivity type region. Note that when the second impurity region 132 is a first conductivity type region, the second impurity region 132 functions as a source region integrally with the first impurity region 103. As a result, the first ohmic electrode 122 is connected to the source region over the entire sidewall upper portion 121cU of the contact trench 121, and therefore, the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is disposed not only in the contact trench 121 but also on a part of the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the first impurity region 103 at the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 (a portion of the upper surface 120a located at the periphery of the contact trench 121).
- the second impurity region 132 may not be provided along the side wall upper portion 121cU of the contact trench 121.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the first impurity region 103 not only on the upper surface of the first silicon carbide layer 120 but also on the upper side wall 121 cU of the contact trench 121.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 may not be disposed on the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the first ohmic electrode is connected to the first impurity region 103 at the side wall upper portion 121 cU of the contact trench 121.
- the area of the trench opening 121a is larger than the area of the bottom surface 121b of the contact trench 121, and the contact trench 121 has a tapered shape. Therefore, side wall 121c of contact trench 121 is non-perpendicular to upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the side wall 121c faces the opening 121a.
- non-perpendicular means that the side wall 121c of the contact trench 121 forms an angle of less than 85 degrees or greater than 95 degrees with respect to the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the shape of the contact trench 121 is not limited to the tapered shape as shown in FIG. If the bottom surface 121b of the contact trench 121 is located deeper than the bottom surface 103b of the first impurity region 103, the trench may have another shape.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is provided not only on the bottom surface 121 b of the contact trench 121 but also on the side wall at a position deeper than the bottom surface 103 b of the first impurity region 103. Even part of 121 c is in contact with the contact region 131. For this reason, the contact area between the contact region 131 and the first ohmic electrode 122 is increased, and the contact resistance to the body region 104 can be reduced. Therefore, the potential of the body region 104 can be matched with the first ohmic electrode 122 at an extremely high speed.
- the contact region 131 can be formed in the body region 104 by implanting the second conductivity type impurity in the vicinity of the surface of the body region 104 exposed in the contact trench 121. Therefore, unlike the conventional semiconductor device, it is not necessary to deeply implant the second conductivity type impurity in order to form the contact region to the body region 104, thereby reducing the time required for manufacturing the semiconductor device and reducing the manufacturing cost. Can be reduced.
- the contact area between the contact region 131 and the first ohmic electrode 122 can be increased. Therefore, it is preferable. This is because the contact area between the contact region 131 and the first ohmic electrode 122 increases as the side surface lower portion 121cL is inclined from the direction perpendicular to the upper surface 120a. In this case, the sidewall lower portion 121cL is more preferably inclined so as to face the opening 121a of the contact trench 121.
- the sidewall lower portion 121cL of the sidewall 121c of the contact trench 121 is inclined so as to face the opening 121a, that is, has an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to a plane parallel to the main surface 101a of the semiconductor substrate 101. It is preferable. More preferably, it is less than 85 degrees. Thereby, in the process described later, it becomes easy to perform ion implantation from the sidewall lower portion 121 cL of the contact trench 121 to the first silicon carbide layer 120 to form the contact region 131.
- a second conductivity type impurity is implanted perpendicularly to the first silicon carbide layer 120 using a mask for forming the contact trench 121, the bottom surface 121 b and the side wall of the contact trench 121 from the opening 121 a of the contact trench 121. It becomes possible to implant the second conductivity type impurity in the vicinity of the surface of the body region 104 exposed in 121c.
- the drift region 102 sandwiched between adjacent body regions 104 is referred to as a JFET (Junction Field-Effect Transistor) region 60.
- the semiconductor device 100 controls the current in a path from the first impurity region 103 provided in the body region 104 to the back surface 101b of the semiconductor substrate 101 through the JFET region 60. For this reason, the semiconductor device 100 includes at least the first impurity region 103 and the drift region 102 exposed on the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120, that is, the body located between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60.
- a gate insulating film 107 provided above a partial region 40 of the region 104 and a gate electrode provided on the gate insulating film 107 are provided, and the above-described current control is performed by a voltage applied to the gate electrode.
- the potential of the partial region 40 of the body region 104 can be matched with the potential of the first ohmic electrode 122 at an extremely high speed. Therefore, the semiconductor device 100 can be operated without causing a delay with respect to switching due to the voltage applied to the gate electrode 108.
- the semiconductor device 100 may include an accumulation channel or an inversion channel as long as current control by the voltage applied to the gate electrode 108 is possible.
- the semiconductor device 100 includes a second silicon carbide layer provided between the partial region 40 of the body region 104 located between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60 and the gate insulating film 107. 105, and the second silicon carbide layer 105 functions as a storage channel.
- Second silicon carbide layer 105 is an epitaxial layer, and is electrically connected to first impurity region 103 and partial region 40 of body region 104, respectively.
- the gate insulating film 107 is in direct contact with a partial region 40 of the body region 104 located between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60.
- An interlayer insulating film 109 is provided so as to cover the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- a contact hole 109a exposing the gate electrode 108 and a contact hole 109b exposing the first ohmic electrode 122 are provided. Is provided.
- a wiring 112 is provided in the contact hole 109a, and the wiring 112 is in contact with and electrically connected to the gate electrode.
- a metal silicide layer 123 is provided between the wiring 112 and the gate electrode 108.
- a wiring 110 is provided in the contact hole 109b, and the wiring 110 is in contact with and electrically connected to the first ohmic electrode 122.
- a second ohmic electrode 111 is provided on the back surface 101 b of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- the well contact resistance value of the first ohmic electrode 122 can be reduced by providing the contact trench 121. Therefore, the potential of the body region 104 can be made to coincide with the potential of the first ohmic electrode 122 at an extremely high speed, the delay of fluctuation of the well potential can be suppressed, and the delay of the switching speed of the semiconductor device 100 can be suppressed. Become.
- the semiconductor device 100 of the present embodiment is a power semiconductor device composed of a SiC semiconductor, and is preferably used for high withstand voltage, large current, and high speed operation.
- the first conductivity type is n-type
- the second conductivity type is p-type.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is a source electrode
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is a drain electrode.
- the first impurity region 103 is a source region.
- the impurity concentration increases as the number of plus “+” increases, and decreases in the order of ++, +, and ⁇ (++> +> ⁇ ).
- the semiconductor substrate 101 is made of hexagonal silicon carbide.
- the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 101 is, for example, 250 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101 is, for example, 8 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 (n + ).
- the impurity concentration is set low, a substrate made of cubic silicon carbide can be used for the semiconductor substrate 101.
- First silicon carbide layer 120 is a SiC layer formed by epitaxial growth on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101.
- the thickness of the first silicon carbide layer 120 is, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 (n ⁇ ).
- Another epitaxial layer (for example, a SiC layer having a concentration of 6 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 ) may be provided between the semiconductor substrate 101 and the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the thickness of the body region 104 (that is, the depth from the upper surface 120a) is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the body region 104 is, for example, 1.5 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 ( p -) is.
- the thickness of the first impurity region 103 (that is, the depth from the upper surface 120a) is, for example, 0.25 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the first impurity region 103 is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 ( n ++ ).
- the thickness of the contact region 131 is, for example, 50 nm, and the impurity concentration of the contact region 131 is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 ( p + ).
- the thickness of the second impurity region 132 is, for example, 50 nm, and the impurity concentration of the second impurity region 132 is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 (n + ).
- the depth of the contact trench 121 is about 0.4 ⁇ m.
- a contact region having a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m is provided on the bottom surface 121b and the side wall 121c of the contact trench 121.
- the concentration of the interface between the body region 104 and the first ohmic electrode 122 is, for example, 2 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 (p ⁇ ).
- the length (width) of the JFET region 60 is, for example, 3 ⁇ m.
- the second silicon carbide layer 105 is a SiC layer formed by epitaxial growth on the first silicon carbide layer 120, and the thickness of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is, for example, 30 nm to 150 nm.
- the length (width) of the partial region 40 of the body region 104 is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the gate insulating film 107 is made of SiO 2 (silicon oxide). The thickness is, for example, 70 nm.
- the gate electrode 108 is made of poly-Si (polysilicon) and has a thickness of, for example, 500 nm.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is made of an alloy of Ni (nickel) and Si (silicon), and has a thickness of, for example, 50 nm.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 may be made of an alloy of Ti (titanium) and Si (silicon).
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is also composed of an alloy of Ti (titanium) and Si (silicon) or an alloy of Ni (nickel) and Si (silicon), and the thickness thereof is, for example, 100 nm. Ni and Ag or Ni and Au may be deposited on the second ohmic electrode 111 in order to facilitate soldering when the semiconductor device 100 is mounted on a plastic package.
- FIGS. 2 to 13 are schematic views of process cross sections for explaining the manufacturing method of the present embodiment.
- an n-type 4H—SiC (0001) substrate is prepared as the semiconductor substrate 101.
- This substrate is, for example, 8 ° or 4 ° offcut in the ⁇ 11-20> direction, and the n-type impurity concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- first silicon carbide layer 120 is formed on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101 by epitaxial growth.
- silane (SiH 4 ) and propane (C 3 H 8 ) are used as source gases
- hydrogen (H 2 ) is used as a carrier gas
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is used as a dopant gas
- first carbonization is performed by thermal CVD.
- the silicon layer 120 is epitaxially grown.
- First silicon carbide layer 120 has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more, and an impurity concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- an implantation mask material is deposited (not shown) on upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120, and a photoresist (not shown) is formed on the implantation mask material.
- the implantation mask material is, for example, SiO 2 (silicon oxide).
- silane (SiH 4 ) and N 2 O gas are used as the implantation mask material made of silicon oxide, and is deposited by a plasma CVD method with a power of 200 W.
- the thickness of the implantation mask material is, for example, 0.5 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- Photoresist (not shown) has a position and dimensions that define body region 104 and JFET region 60.
- the photoresist is, for example, a photosensitive organic film, and is formed using a typical photolithography method.
- the thickness of the photoresist is, for example, 1.5 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the implantation mask material is anisotropically etched to form an implantation mask pattern (first implantation mask) 72, and then the photoresist is removed.
- the implantation mask material is etched by, for example, an anisotropic dry etching method using CF 4 gas and CHF 3 gas.
- the photoresist is removed by, for example, ashing using oxygen plasma.
- an implantation mask for ion implantation is formed by the same method.
- a predetermined amount is formed in the vicinity of the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- a body region 104 having a depth is formed.
- the ion implantation is performed in a plurality of times with different energies ranging from 30 keV to 350 keV while keeping the substrate temperature at 500 ° C.
- the depth of the body region 104 is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the width of the JFET region 60 of this embodiment is 3 ⁇ m, for example.
- the remaining region where the body region 104 is not formed becomes the drift region 102.
- an implantation mask material is deposited on the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover the first implantation mask 72.
- the implantation mask material is, for example, poly-Si (polysilicon), and is formed by using SiH 4 as a source gas by a thermal CVD method.
- the implantation mask material is anisotropically etched to form implantation mask patterns 71a and 71b.
- the illustrated implantation mask pattern 71b is a pattern below the photoresist, and is provided so as not to introduce impurities into a region where the contact trench 121 is formed.
- the implantation mask pattern 71a is a sidewall of the implantation mask pattern 72 and defines the channel width (length).
- the gas used for anisotropic etching is, for example, a mixed gas such as Cl 2 , O 2 , and HBr. Since trench etching is performed in a later process, the implantation mask pattern 71b is not necessary.
- first impurity region 103 is formed by implanting n-type impurity ions 82 into upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120 using first implantation mask 72 and implantation mask patterns 71a and 71b as a mask. To do. For example, N + (nitrogen ion) or P + (phosphorus ion) is used as the impurity ion 82.
- First impurity region 103 is arranged to have a bottom surface at a position shallower than the bottom surface of body region 104. For this reason, at least a part of the body region 104 is disposed at a position deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103.
- the ion implantation for forming the first impurity region 103 is performed, for example, in a plurality of times with different energies ranging from 30 keV to 90 keV while keeping the temperature of the substrate 101 at 500 ° C.
- the depth of the first impurity region 103 is, for example, 0.25 ⁇ m.
- a third implantation mask 73 is formed.
- the implantation mask patterns 71a and 71b are made of, for example, an oxide film and are removed with an HF aqueous solution.
- the first implantation mask 72 is made of polysilicon, and is removed with a mixed solution of HF, HNO 3 and H 2 O.
- Contact trench 121 is formed by dry etching first silicon carbide layer 120 using third implantation mask 73. For this etching, for example, a mixed gas of CF 4 and O 2 is used.
- the contact trench 121 is disposed so as to penetrate the first impurity region 103 and reach the body region 104. Accordingly, the first impurity region 103 is exposed at the upper side wall 121cU of the contact trench 121, and the body region 104 is exposed at the lower side wall 121cL and the bottom surface 121b of the contact trench 121.
- taper etching it is preferable to perform so-called taper etching in which the area of the opening 121a of the contact trench 121 is larger than the area of the bottom surface 121b.
- side wall 121c of contact trench 121 is not perpendicular to upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120, and the area of side wall 121c can be increased.
- Cl 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 70 sccm
- HBr is introduced at a flow rate of 50 sccm
- O 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 2 sccm
- an ICP bias of 600 W and a DC bias of 150 W are applied, and etching is performed at a pressure of 1.5 Pa.
- the depth of the contact trench 121 is preferably deeper than the first impurity region 103, for example, 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the first impurity region 103 and the body region 104 exposed in the contact trench 121 are transferred from the side wall 121 c and the bottom surface 121 b of the contact trench 121 to p.
- Type impurity ions 84 are implanted.
- the impurity ions 84 for example, Al + (aluminum ions) or B + (boron ions) are used.
- the second impurity region 132 is formed along the sidewall upper portion 121 cU of the contact trench 121.
- a contact region 131 is formed along the side wall lower portion 121cL and the bottom surface 121b.
- the second impurity region 132 In the second impurity region 132, the first conductivity type impurity contained in the region before the implantation and the implanted second conductivity type impurity cancel each other. For this reason, the second impurity region 132 becomes a first conductivity type region having a lower concentration than before the implantation, or becomes a second conductivity type region.
- the temperature of the substrate 101 is kept at 500 ° C., and implantation is performed with energy of 30 keV.
- the depth of the contact region 131 is preferably determined so that the impurity concentration is highest at the interface in contact with the first ohmic electrode 122 to be formed later.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is formed by alloying a metal and silicon carbide. At this time, silicon carbide having a thickness similar to the thickness of the metal is alloyed. For this reason, if the metal thickness for forming the first ohmic electrode 122 is 100 nm, the depth of the contact region 131 is preferably about 100 nm or more (metal thickness or more). More preferably, it is 150 nm or more (1.5 times or more of the metal thickness). As a result, after the above alloying, a part of the contact region 131 can be left in a more unalloyed state.
- the side wall 121c is inclined so as to face the opening 121a, the region exposed on the side wall 121c of the drift region 102 and the bottom surface 121b are obtained by performing ion implantation perpendicular to the upper surface 120a.
- the contact region 131 can be formed at a time in both of the regions exposed to.
- the semiconductor substrate 101 is rotated at a certain angle (for example, 30 °) with respect to the vertical direction of the upper surface 120a, or rotated by 90 ° to 4 Multiple injections may be performed.
- activation annealing is performed on the semiconductor substrate 101 (more precisely, each region of the first silicon carbide layer 120) at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, here 1800 ° C. (not shown). Thereby, impurity ions implanted into each region of first silicon carbide layer 120 are activated.
- second silicon carbide layer 105 is formed in upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120 and in contact trench 121.
- Second silicon carbide layer 105 in the present embodiment is made of SiC.
- silane (SiH 4 ) and propane (C 3 H 8 ) are used as source gases
- hydrogen (H 2 ) is used as a carrier gas
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is used as a dopant gas.
- a silicon layer 105 is formed.
- the impurity concentration of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 , and the thickness is 30 nm to 150 nm.
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas may be introduced during the growth of the second silicon carbide layer 105 to make a part of the second silicon carbide layer 105 have a high concentration.
- the second silicon carbide layer 105 is etched using the photoresist 79 as a mask. Etching of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is performed, for example, by dry etching using a mixed gas of CF 4 and O 2 .
- a gate insulating film (SiO 2 ) 107 is formed on the second silicon carbide layer 105, and then a gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film 107.
- (Poly-Si) 108 is formed. Thereafter, a photoresist (not shown) is formed on the gate electrode 108, and the gate electrode 108 is etched to remove the photoresist.
- interlayer insulating film 109 is formed on first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover gate electrode 108 and second silicon carbide layer 105.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is made of, for example, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and has a thickness of, for example, 1000 nm.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is etched using the photoresist 76 as a mask.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is etched by, for example, dry etching using a mixed gas of CHF 3 and O 2 .
- a contact metal titanium (Ti) or nickel (Ni)
- Ti titanium
- Ni nickel
- heat treatment is performed.
- the contact metal is made of Ti
- a heat treatment at 950 ° C. is performed after Ti is deposited.
- the contact metal reacts with silicon carbide (silicidation), and metal silicide is formed at the interface between the contact metal and the silicon carbide layer 120.
- the contact region 131, the second impurity region 132, and a part of the first impurity region 103 are alloyed with the contact metal.
- the contact metal and polysilicon react to form metal silicide at the interface between them.
- a portion (unreacted contact metal) remaining of the contact metal that is not silicided is removed.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 containing metal silicide is formed in the contact hole 109b, and the metal silicide layer 123 is formed on the gate electrode 108 in the contact hole 109a.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is formed in the contact trench 121 and on the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the contact region 131 at the bottom surface 121b and the sidewall lower portion 121cL of the contact trench 121, and is in contact with the second impurity region 132 at the sidewall upper portion 121cU.
- upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120 is in contact with the upper surface of first impurity region 103.
- all of the second impurity region 132 may be alloyed to form the first ohmic electrode 122.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 and the first impurity region 103 can be brought into contact with each other even at the upper side wall 121cU of the contact trench 121, the contact area between them can be increased.
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is formed by depositing metal on the back surface 101b of the semiconductor substrate 101 and performing heat treatment. For example, it is formed by performing a heat treatment at 950 ° C. after depositing Ti.
- wirings 112 and 110 are formed in the contact holes 109a and 109b so as to be in contact with the first ohmic electrode 122 and the metal silicide layer 123, respectively. Thereby, the semiconductor device 100 is completed.
- FIG. 14A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a contact trench structure in the semiconductor device 200.
- the lower side wall 121cL of the contact trench 121 is inclined more than the upper side wall 121cU. Further, the second impurity region 132 (FIG. 1) is not provided along the sidewall upper portion 121cU.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the first impurity region 103 at the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 and the sidewall upper portion 121cU of the contact trench 121.
- Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIG.
- the contact area between the contact region 131 and the first ohmic electrode 122 can be increased as in the above-described embodiment, so that the contact resistance between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the body region 104 can be reduced. Further, since the semiconductor device 200 does not have the second impurity region, the resistance between the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode 122 can be further reduced.
- the first impurity region 103 and the body region 104 are formed in the first silicon carbide layer 120 by the same method as described above with reference to FIGS.
- a third implantation mask 73 is formed on the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- contact trench 121 is formed by dry etching first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the etching conditions are adjusted so that the inclination angle ⁇ of the sidewall lower portion 121cL and the inclination angle ⁇ of the sidewall upper portion 121cU of the contact trench 121 are both smaller than 90 degrees and the inclination angle ⁇ is smaller than the inclination angle ⁇ . To do. As shown in FIG.
- the “tilt angle ⁇ ” is an angle formed by the surface 1 parallel to the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 and the side wall lower portion 121cL, and the “tilt angle ⁇ ” is , An angle formed by a surface m parallel to the upper surface 120a and the upper side wall 121cU.
- upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120 is substantially parallel to the main surface of semiconductor substrate 101.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the sidewall upper part 121cU and the inclination angle ⁇ of the sidewall lower part 121cL can be made different from each other by adjusting the type and mixing ratio of the etching gas used for forming the contact trench 121.
- Cl 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 10 sccm
- HBr is introduced at a flow rate of 20 sccm
- O 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 20 sccm
- an ICP bias of 600 W and a DC bias of 150 W are applied, and a pressure of 1.5 Pa is applied.
- Etching is performed under pressure.
- etching the lower portion 121 cL of the sidewall Cl 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 10 sccm, HBr is introduced at a flow rate of 20 sccm, O 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 5 sccm, an ICP bias of 600 W and a DC bias of 150 W are applied, and etching is performed at a pressure of 1.5 Pa I do.
- an etching gas containing a gas that easily forms a deposit for example, a mixed gas of Cl 2 , HBr, and O 2
- the higher the oxygen ratio in the etching gas the more the lateral direction increases. Etching is suppressed and the trench sidewalls are close to vertical.
- the inclination angle can be made different between the side wall upper part 121cU and the side wall lower part 121cL.
- the contact trench 121 having an inclination angle ⁇ of 45 to 75 degrees and an inclination angle ⁇ of 80 to 85 degrees is obtained.
- the first impurity region 103 and the body region 104 exposed in the contact trench 121 are formed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101 using the third implantation mask 73.
- Impurity ions 84 are implanted.
- the impurity ions 84 for example, Al + (aluminum ions) or B + (boron ions) are used.
- the second impurity region 132 is formed along the sidewall upper portion 121 cU of the contact trench 121.
- a contact region 131 is formed along the side wall lower portion 121cL and the bottom surface 121b.
- a contact metal is deposited in the contact trench 121 and silicided.
- the whole (or substantially the whole) second impurity region 132 can be alloyed, and a part of the contact region 131 can be left without being alloyed.
- the entire second impurity region 132 becomes the first ohmic electrode, the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode can be brought into contact with each other at the upper side wall 121cU of the contact trench 121.
- the contact region 131 can be formed while keeping the resistance between the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode 122 low without increasing the number of manufacturing steps.
- the configuration of the semiconductor device of the present embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in FIGS.
- the semiconductor devices 100 and 200 have a MISFET structure, but may have an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) structure.
- the first impurity region 103 is an emitter or a collector
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is an emitter electrode or a collector electrode
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is a collector electrode or an emitter electrode.
- a third embodiment of the semiconductor device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
- a vertical silicon carbide MISFET will be described as an example.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention only needs to include a silicon carbide layer and an ohmic electrode that forms an ohmic contact with the silicon carbide layer. It is not limited to the example to do.
- the first conductivity type may be either n-type or p-type
- the second conductivity type is a conductivity type (p-type or n-type) different from the first conductivity type.
- FIG. 17A schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of the semiconductor device 300 of this embodiment.
- the semiconductor device 300 is supported by a semiconductor substrate 101 having a main surface 101a and a back surface 101b.
- a first conductivity type semiconductor substrate containing silicon carbide is used as the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a first silicon carbide layer 120 is formed on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101.
- first silicon carbide layer 120 is a silicon carbide epitaxial layer formed by epitaxially growing silicon carbide on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101.
- a first conductivity type first impurity region 103 and a second conductivity type body region 104 disposed adjacent to the first impurity region 103 are formed in the surface region of the first silicon carbide layer 120. Yes.
- first impurity region 103 is arranged to be surrounded by body region 104 on upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the impurity concentration of the first impurity region 103 is higher than the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a first conductivity type drift region 102 is formed in a region other than body region 104 and first impurity region 103 in first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the impurity concentration of the drift region 102 is lower than the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a contact region 202 of the second conductivity type that is in contact with the body region 104 and has a higher impurity concentration than the body region 104 is formed. At least a part of the contact region 202 is disposed at a position deeper than the first impurity region 103.
- the “depth” of each region formed in the first silicon carbide layer 120 means the depth from the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- body region 104 is formed in a region from upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120 to a predetermined depth, and first region is formed in the region from upper surface 120a to a predetermined depth in body region 104.
- Impurity region 103 is formed.
- the bottom of the first impurity region 103 is shallower than the position of the bottom of the body region 104, and the first impurity region 103 does not protrude from the body region 104.
- Body region 104 and first impurity region 103 are exposed at upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the contact region 202 is provided in a position deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 in the body region 104.
- FIG. 17B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the body region 104.
- the first silicon carbide layer 120 is provided with a contact trench 301.
- the contact trench 301 passes through the first impurity region 103 and reaches the contact region 202.
- the bottom surface 301 ⁇ / b> B of the contact trench 301 is deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 and the top surface of the contact region 202 and shallower than the bottom surface of the contact region 202.
- the contact region 202 may be formed so as to be in contact with (partially overlap) the first impurity region 103 positioned thereon, but as shown in the drawing, the contact region 202 is deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103.
- the first impurity region 103 is not in contact with the first impurity region 103.
- contact region 202 is arranged at a position deeper than the bottom surface of first impurity region 103, not only the bottom surface of contact region 202 but also the entire side surface can be brought into contact with body region 104.
- a first ohmic electrode 122 is provided in the contact trench 301.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is in contact with the contact region 202 at a part of the bottom surface 301B and the side wall 301S of the contact trench 301.
- the ohmic electrode 122 forms an ohmic contact with the first impurity region 103 at a portion 301 S 1 that is the same as or shallower than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 (upper side wall) of the side wall 301 S of the contact trench 301. is doing.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is an ohmic contact with the contact region 202 at a portion (lower side wall) 301S 2 deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 among the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301 and the side wall 301S of the contact trench 301. Forming contact.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 need not contact the contact area 202 in the entire lower side wall 301S 2.
- the contact region 202 may be in contact with only a part of the side wall lower portion S 2 (portion located in the vicinity of the bottom surface 301B).
- the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301 is preferably located inside the outline of the contact region 202 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101a of the semiconductor substrate 101. Thereby, the contact area between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the contact trench 301 can be more reliably ensured without increasing the chip area.
- the first impurity region 103 overlaps the contact region 202 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101. More specifically, as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101, a portion of the contact region 202 located around the bottom surface 301 ⁇ / b> B of the contact trench 301 overlaps the first impurity region 103.
- the overlapping portion has an upper surface substantially parallel to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101 and is thicker than a portion located below the bottom surface 301 ⁇ / b> B of the contact trench 301.
- First ohmic electrode 122 is configured to contact the first impurity region 103 in the upper portion 301S 1 of the side walls of the contact trenches 301, at a position deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity regions 103, not only the bottom surface 301B of the contact trenches 301, The lower portion 301S 2 of the side wall is also in contact with the contact region 202. Therefore, the contact area between the contact region 202 and the first ohmic electrode 122 can be increased while ensuring the contact area between the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode 122.
- a low on-resistance can be realized by reducing the contact resistance of the first ohmic electrode 122 to the first impurity region 103. Further, since the contact resistance of the first ohmic electrode 122 to the body region 104 can be reduced, the potential of the body region 104 can be matched with the potential of the first ohmic electrode 122 at a very high speed. Therefore, delay in potential fluctuation of the body region 104 can be suppressed, and the switching speed of the semiconductor device 300 can be increased.
- the contact region 202 has to be formed from the surface of the first silicon carbide layer 120 in the thickness direction of the first impurity region 103.
- the region 202 does not need to be disposed in the first impurity region 103 and may be formed only in the body region 104. For this reason, the number of ion implantations for forming the contact region 202 can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, the time required for manufacturing the semiconductor device can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the contact area between the contact region 202 and the first impurity region 103 and the first ohmic electrode 122 can be increased.
- the side wall 301S of the contact trench 301 has an opening area of the contact trench 301 with respect to the normal line of the upper surface 120a. It is preferable to incline in a direction larger than the area.
- the inclination angle of sidewall 301S of contact trench 301 with respect to upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120 is preferably not less than 45 degrees and not more than 85 degrees.
- the end of the bottom surface of the contact trench 301 in the contact region 202 is desirable that the lengths (protruding amounts) W1 and W2 of the portion protruding in the lateral direction are smaller.
- the protrusion amounts W1 and W2 are distances parallel to the main surface 101a of the semiconductor substrate 101 between both end portions of the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301 and the side surfaces of the contact region 202 adjacent to each other in the cross section. Point to.
- the contact trench 301 is preferably formed in a self-aligned manner with respect to the contact region 202.
- the protrusion amounts W1 and W2 become substantially equal.
- the bottom surface 301 ⁇ / b> B of the contact trench 301 is disposed substantially at the center of the outline of the contact region 202 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a region sandwiched between adjacent body regions 104 in the drift region 102 is referred to as a JFET (junction field-effect transistor) region 60.
- the semiconductor device 300 controls a current in a path from the first impurity region 103 provided in the body region 104 to the back surface 101 b of the semiconductor substrate 101 through the JFET region 60. For this reason, the semiconductor device 300 is at least above a region 40 (hereinafter referred to as “partial region of the body region 104”) located between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60 in the body region 104.
- a gate insulating film 107 provided and a gate electrode 108 provided on the gate insulating film 107 are provided, and the above-described current control is performed by a voltage applied between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the gate electrode 108.
- the potential of the partial region 40 of the body region 104 can be matched with the potential of the first ohmic electrode 122 at a very high speed. Therefore, the semiconductor device 300 can be operated without causing a delay with respect to switching due to the voltage applied between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the gate electrode 108.
- the semiconductor device 300 may include an accumulation channel or an inversion channel as long as current control by a voltage applied to the gate electrode 108 is possible.
- the semiconductor device 300 is in contact with the partial region 40 between the partial region 40 of the body region 104 between the first impurity region 103 and the JFET region 60 and the gate insulating film 107.
- a second silicon carbide layer 105 is further provided.
- the second silicon carbide layer 105 is, for example, an epitaxial layer and functions as a storage channel.
- Second silicon carbide layer 105 is in contact with first impurity region 103 and drift region 102 across partial region 40 of body region 104 on upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the gate insulating film 107 is disposed so as to be in direct contact with a partial region 40 of the body region 104.
- An interlayer insulating film 109 is provided so as to cover the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- a contact hole 109a exposing the gate electrode 108 and a contact hole 109b exposing the first ohmic electrode 122 are provided. Is provided.
- a wiring 112 is provided in the contact hole 109 a and the wiring 112 is electrically connected to the gate electrode 108.
- a metal silicide layer 123 is provided between the wiring 112 and the gate electrode 108.
- a wiring 110 is provided in the contact hole 109b, and the wiring 110 is in contact with and electrically connected to the first ohmic electrode 122.
- a second ohmic electrode 111 is provided on the back surface 101 b of the semiconductor substrate 101.
- the semiconductor device 300 of this embodiment is a power semiconductor device composed of a SiC semiconductor, and is preferably used for high withstand voltage, large current, and high speed operation.
- a specific configuration of the present embodiment will be shown.
- the first conductivity type is n-type
- the second conductivity type is p-type
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is a source electrode
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is a drain electrode.
- the first impurity region 103 is a source region.
- the semiconductor substrate 101 is made of hexagonal silicon carbide.
- the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 101 is, for example, 250 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 101 is, for example, 8 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 (n + ).
- the impurity concentration is set to be low, a substrate made of cubic silicon carbide can be used as the semiconductor substrate 101.
- First silicon carbide layer 120 is formed on main surface 101a of semiconductor substrate 101 by epitaxial growth.
- the thickness of the first silicon carbide layer 120 is, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 (n ⁇ ).
- Another epitaxial layer for example, a SiC layer having a concentration of 6 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 ) may be provided between the semiconductor substrate 101 and the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- the thickness of the body region 104 (that is, the depth from the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 to the bottom surface of the body region 104) is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the body region 104 is For example, 1.5 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 (p ⁇ ). Further, the thickness of the first impurity region 103 (that is, the depth from the upper surface 120a to the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103) is, for example, 0.4 ⁇ m, and the impurity concentration of the first impurity region 103 is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 (n ++ ).
- the upper surface of contact region 202 is located at a depth of 0.45 ⁇ m from upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120, and the bottom surface of contact region 202 is located at a depth of 0.45 to 0.9 ⁇ m from upper surface 120a. is doing.
- the concentration of the contact region 202 is 2 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 (p + ), for example.
- Bottom surface 301 B of contact trench 301 is located at a depth of about 0.44 to 0.85 ⁇ m from upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120 and is shallower than the bottom of body region 104.
- the length Dj of the JFET region 60 on the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 is, for example, 3 ⁇ m, and the length Dc of the partial region 40 of the body region 104 is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m.
- Second silicon carbide layer 105 is formed on first silicon carbide layer 120 by epitaxial growth.
- the thickness of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is, for example, 30 nm to 150 nm.
- the concentration of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is, for example, 2 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 (n ⁇ ).
- the gate insulating film 107 may be an oxide film, an oxynitride film, or a stacked film of these films. Here, it is made of, for example, SiO 2 (silicon oxide). The thickness of the gate insulating film 107 is, for example, 70 nm.
- the gate electrode 108 is made of, for example, poly-Si (polysilicon), and the thickness thereof is, for example, 500 nm.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is made of an alloy of Ni (nickel) and Si (silicon), and has a thickness of 50 nm, for example.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 may be made of an alloy of Ti (titanium) and Si (silicon).
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is also composed of, for example, an alloy of Ti (titanium) and Si (silicon) or an alloy of Ni (nickel) and Si (silicon), and the thickness thereof is, for example, 100 nm.
- Ni and Ag or Ni and Au may be deposited on the second ohmic electrode 111.
- the semiconductor device 300 has the n-type conductivity as the first conductivity type and the p-type conductivity type as the second conductivity type has been described as an example, but the p-type conductivity as the first conductivity type and the n-type conductivity as the second conductivity type. It may have a conductive type.
- the semiconductor device 300 shown in FIG. 17 is a planar MISFET, the semiconductor device of this embodiment may be a MISFET having a trench gate structure. Further, the semiconductor device is not limited to the MISFET, and may be another semiconductor device such as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
- the IGBT may have a configuration similar to that of the semiconductor device 300 illustrated in FIG.
- the first impurity region 103 is an emitter or collector region
- the first ohmic electrode 122 is an emitter electrode or collector electrode
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is a collector electrode or emitter electrode.
- FIGS. 18 to 29 are schematic process cross-sectional views for explaining the manufacturing method of the present embodiment.
- an n-type 4H—SiC (0001) substrate is prepared as the semiconductor substrate 101.
- This substrate is, for example, 8 ° or 4 ° offcut in the ⁇ 11-20> direction, and the n-type impurity concentration is 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- first silicon carbide layer 120 is formed on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101 by epitaxial growth.
- silane (SiH 4 ) and propane (C 3 H 8 ) are used as source gases
- hydrogen (H 2 ) is used as a carrier gas
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is used as a dopant gas
- first carbonization is performed by thermal CVD.
- the silicon layer 120 is epitaxially grown.
- First silicon carbide layer 120 has a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more, and an impurity concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 .
- an implantation mask material is deposited (not shown) on upper surface 120a of first silicon carbide layer 120, and a photoresist (not shown) is formed on the implantation mask material.
- the implantation mask material is, for example, SiO 2 (silicon oxide).
- silane (SiH 4 ) and N 2 O gas are used as the implantation mask material made of silicon oxide, and is deposited by a plasma CVD method at a power of 200 W.
- the thickness of the implantation mask material is, for example, 0.5 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- Photoresist (not shown) has a position and dimensions that define body region 104 and JFET region 60.
- the photoresist is, for example, a photosensitive organic film, and is formed using a typical photolithography method.
- the thickness of the photoresist is, for example, 1.5 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the implantation mask material is etched to form the first implantation mask 72, and then the photoresist is removed.
- the implantation mask material is etched by, for example, an anisotropic dry etching method using CF 4 gas and CHF 3 gas.
- the photoresist is removed by, for example, ashing using oxygen plasma.
- an implantation mask for ion implantation is formed by the same method.
- a body region 104 having a predetermined depth is formed.
- the ion implantation is performed in a plurality of times with different energies ranging from 30 keV to 350 keV while keeping the substrate temperature at 500 ° C.
- the depth of the body region 104 is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the width Dj of the JFET region 60 of this embodiment is 3 ⁇ m, for example.
- the remaining region where the body region 104 is not formed becomes the drift region 102.
- an implantation mask material is deposited on the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover the first implantation mask 72.
- the implantation mask material is, for example, poly-Si (polysilicon), and is formed by a thermal CVD method.
- SiH 4 is used as the source gas.
- the first sidewall 71 is formed on the side wall of the first implantation mask 72 by etching the implantation mask material by anisotropic etching.
- the first sidewall 71 defines a channel length (width) Dc.
- the gas used for anisotropic etching is, for example, a mixed gas such as Cl 2 , O 2 , and HBr.
- the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 has, as the first conductivity type impurity 82, for example, N + (nitrogen ions) or P
- the first conductivity type impurity 82 for example, N + (nitrogen ions) or P
- the ion implantation is performed in a plurality of times with different energies ranging from 30 keV to 90 keV while keeping the temperature of the semiconductor substrate 101 at 500 ° C.
- the depth of the first impurity region 103 is, for example, 0.25 ⁇ m.
- the first implantation mask 72 and the first sidewall 71 are removed. Since the first implantation mask 72 is made of, for example, silicon oxide, the first implantation mask 72 is removed with an HF aqueous solution, and the first sidewall 71 is made of polysilicon, so that a mixed liquid of HF, HNO 3, and H 2 O is used. Remove with.
- a third implantation mask 73 is formed on the upper surface 120 a of the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- Al ions are implanted at 280 keV to form the contact region 202 below the first impurity region 103 and inside the body region 104.
- annealing for activating the impurity ions implanted into the first silicon carbide layer 120 is performed.
- the activation annealing is performed, for example, in an Ar atmosphere at a temperature of 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a trench etching mask 74 is formed, and by using this as a mask, dry etching is performed on the first silicon carbide layer 120 to form a contact trench 301 for body contact.
- dry etching for example, a mixed gas of Cl 2 , HBr, and O 2 is used.
- Cl 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 70 sccm
- HBr is introduced at a flow rate of 50 sccm
- O 2 is introduced at a flow rate of 2 sccm
- an ICP bias of 600 W and a DC bias of 150 W are applied, and etching is performed at a pressure of 1.5 Pa.
- the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301 is preferably deeper than the bottom surface of the first impurity region 103 and the top surface of the contact region 202 and shallower than the bottom surface of the contact region 202.
- the depth of the contact trench 301 (the depth from the upper surface 120a of the first silicon carbide layer 120 to the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301) is, for example, 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the trench etching mask 74 is designed such that the opening thereof is positioned on the contact region 202 and the width of the opening is smaller than the width of the contact region 202. Accordingly, the width of the opening of the contact trench 301 and the bottom surface 301 ⁇ / b> B are both smaller than the width of the contact region 202.
- second silicon carbide layer 105 is formed on upper surface 120 a of first silicon carbide layer 120 and in contact trench 301.
- Second silicon carbide layer 105 in the present embodiment is made of SiC.
- silane (SiH 4 ) and propane (C 3 H 8 ) are used as source gases
- hydrogen (H 2 ) is used as a carrier gas
- nitrogen (N 2 ) gas is used as a dopant gas
- second silicon carbide is formed by thermal CVD.
- Layer 105 is formed.
- the conductivity type of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is the first conductivity type, and the impurity concentration thereof is 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the thickness of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is 30 nm to 150 nm. Note that nitrogen (N 2 ) gas may be introduced during the growth of the second silicon carbide layer 105 to make a part of the second silicon carbide layer 105 have a high concentration.
- second silicon carbide layer 105 is etched using photoresist 76 as a mask. Etching of the second silicon carbide layer 105 is performed, for example, by dry etching using a mixed gas of CF 4 and O 2 .
- a gate insulating film (SiO 2 ) 107 is formed on the second silicon carbide layer 105, and then a gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film 107.
- (Poly-Si) 108 is formed.
- a photoresist (not shown) is formed on the gate electrode 108, and the gate electrode 108 is etched to remove the photoresist.
- the gate insulating film 107 and the gate electrode 108 may be simultaneously patterned using the same photoresist. In that case, when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101a of the semiconductor substrate 101, the end of the gate insulating film 107 and the end of the gate electrode 108 are substantially aligned (not shown).
- interlayer insulating film 109 is formed on first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to cover gate electrode 108 and second silicon carbide layer 105.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is made of, for example, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) and has a thickness of, for example, 1000 nm.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is etched using the photoresist 77 as a mask.
- the interlayer insulating film 109 is etched by, for example, dry etching using a mixed gas of CHF 3 and O 2 .
- a contact metal titanium (Ti) or nickel (Ni)
- Ti titanium
- Ni nickel
- the metal is reacted with silicon carbide or polysilicon (silicidation).
- silicidation can be performed by performing a heat treatment at a temperature of, for example, 950 ° C. after Ti is deposited.
- a first ohmic electrode 122 made of metal silicide and in contact with the first impurity region 103 and the contact region 202 is formed in the contact trench 301.
- a metal silicide layer 123 is formed on the gate electrode 108 in the contact hole 109a.
- the second ohmic electrode 111 is formed by depositing metal on the back surface 101b of the semiconductor substrate 101 and performing heat treatment. For example, it is formed by performing a heat treatment at 950 ° C. after depositing Ti.
- wirings 112 and 110 are formed in the contact holes 109a and 109b so as to be in contact with the first ohmic electrode 122 and the metal silicide layer 123, respectively. In this way, the semiconductor device 300 is completed.
- the contact region 202 having a desired thickness may be formed below the first impurity region 103, and the contact region 202 is formed in the first region as in the conventional semiconductor device 1000 (FIG. 37). There is no need to form the impurity region 103 in the thickness direction. For this reason, since the thickness of the contact region 202 can be made thinner than before, the number of ion implantations for forming the contact region 202 can be reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to shorten the time required for manufacturing and to reduce the manufacturing cost as compared with the conventional manufacturing method.
- the first ohmic electrode 122 and the contact region 202 can be brought into contact with not only the bottom surface 301B of the contact trench 301 but also a part of the side wall 301S, the first ohmic electrode 122 can be prevented from increasing in chip area. A contact area with the contact region 202 can be secured. As a result, since the contact resistance between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the body region 104 can be reduced, switching delay can be suppressed.
- the contact trench 301 is formed after all the impurity implantation steps for the first silicon carbide layer 120 are performed. For this reason, before the contact trench 301 is formed, activation annealing for activating the impurities implanted into the first silicon carbide layer 120 can be performed. As a result of studies by the present inventor, when activation annealing is performed after the contact trench 301 is formed, silicon carbide exposed by the contact trench 301 is sublimated during the activation annealing, and the silicon carbide layer surface disappears. As a result, for example, the contact region 202 may become thin.
- the contact region 202 When the contact region 202 is thinned, the entire contact region 202 is reacted (silicided) with the contact metal in the first ohmic electrode formation step, and the contact resistance between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the body region 104 cannot be sufficiently reduced. There is a possibility. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to form the contact region 202 thick beforehand. On the other hand, if activation annealing is performed before the contact trench 301 is formed, the contact region 202 need not be formed thick in advance, for example, in consideration of silicon carbide sublimation. can do.
- FIG. 30 is a schematic process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method 2 of the present embodiment.
- an impurity implantation process for the first silicon carbide layer 120 is performed in the same process as in the manufacturing method 1 described above with reference to FIGS.
- a silicon oxide film is formed by a mask material, for example, a CVD method so as to cover the third implantation mask 73 used to form the contact region 202 (not shown). Thereafter, anisotropic etching is performed. As a result, a second sidewall 75 made of a silicon oxide film is obtained on the side surface of the third implantation mask 73. Subsequently, a contact trench 301 is formed using the third implantation mask 73 and the second sidewall 75 as an etching mask.
- the third implantation mask 73 and the second sidewall 75 are removed. Subsequently, activation annealing for activating impurity ions implanted into the first silicon carbide layer 120 is performed. Thus, in this method, activation annealing is performed after the contact trench 301 is formed.
- the number of ion implantations for forming the contact region 202 can be reduced as compared with the conventional method.
- the contact trench 301 can be formed in a self-aligned manner with respect to the contact region 202 by forming the second sidewall 75 and using this as an etching mask to form the contact trench 301. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the lithography misalignment, and the opening region of the third implantation mask 73 can be reduced, so that the semiconductor device 300 can be further miniaturized.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method 3 of the present embodiment.
- body region 104 and first impurity region 103 are formed in first silicon carbide layer 120 in the same process as in manufacturing method 1 described above with reference to FIGS.
- the second conductive layer is formed in the body region 104 using the implantation mask (here, the first implantation mask 72 and the first sidewall 71) used for forming the first impurity region 103.
- the implantation mask here, the first implantation mask 72 and the first sidewall 71
- Implant type impurities As a result, the contact region 202 is formed below the first impurity region 103.
- the contact region 202 having a contour that substantially matches the contour of the first impurity region 103 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the main surface 101 a of the semiconductor substrate 101 is formed.
- the first implantation mask 72 and the first sidewall 71 are removed. Subsequently, activation annealing for activating impurity ions implanted into the first silicon carbide layer 120 is performed.
- the first impurity region 103 is formed first, but the contact region 202 is formed first in the first silicon carbide layer 120. Subsequently, the first impurity region 103 may be formed.
- the manufacturing method 3 like the manufacturing method 1, the number of ion implantations when forming the contact region 202 can be reduced as compared with the conventional method. In addition, it is possible to secure a contact area between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the contact region 202 while suppressing an increase in the chip area.
- the manufacturing process can be simplified. Further, the contact region 202 can be formed in a self-aligned manner with respect to the body region 104. Furthermore, as described in the manufacturing method 1, since the activation annealing is performed before the formation of the contact trench 301, it is not necessary to consider the sublimation of silicon carbide during the activation annealing. realizable.
- FIG. 32 is a schematic process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method 4 of the present embodiment.
- a mask material for example, silicon by a CVD method, is used to cover the implantation mask (here, the first implantation mask 72 and the first sidewall 71) used to form the contact region 202.
- An oxide film is formed (not shown).
- anisotropic etching is performed.
- a second sidewall 75 ′ composed of a silicon oxide film is obtained on the side surface of the first sidewall 71.
- a contact trench 301 is formed using the first implantation mask 72, the first sidewall 71, and the second sidewall 75 'as an etching mask.
- the manufacturing method 4 like the manufacturing method 1, the number of ion implantations when forming the contact region 202 can be reduced as compared with the conventional method. In addition, it is possible to secure a contact area between the first ohmic electrode 122 and the contact region 202 while suppressing an increase in the chip area.
- the contact trench 301, the contact region 202, and the first impurity region 103 can all be formed in a self-aligned manner with respect to the body region 104. Therefore, there is no need to consider the lithography alignment shift, and the semiconductor device 300 can be further miniaturized more effectively.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment is not limited to the above method, and various modifications can be made.
- the implantation mask for forming the first impurity region 103 is used.
- an implantation mask for forming the first impurity region 103 may be formed by photolithography separately from the first implantation mask 72.
- the semiconductor devices of the first to third embodiments described above are MISFETs having a planar structure, but may be MISFETs having a gate trench structure.
- FIGS. 33 and 34 are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating other semiconductor devices of the first to third embodiments, respectively.
- Each of the semiconductor devices 400 and 500 shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 is an inversion channel type MISFET having a gate trench structure.
- the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 17 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- a semiconductor device 500 shown in FIG. 34 has a contact trench structure similar to that of the semiconductor device 300 shown in FIG.
- the first impurity region 103 is disposed in the surface region of the first silicon carbide layer 120, and the body region 104 is in contact with the first impurity region 103 below the first impurity region 103. Is formed.
- Contact region 202 is disposed in body region 104 and is electrically connected to body region 104.
- the drift region 102 is disposed between the body region 104 and the semiconductor substrate 101.
- a gate trench 303 that penetrates the first impurity region 103 and the body region 104 and reaches the drift region 102 is formed.
- a gate insulating film 107 is formed in the gate trench 303 so as to be in contact with the drift region 102, the body region 104, and the first impurity region 103.
- a gate electrode 108 is provided on the gate insulating film 107 in the gate trench 303.
- Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
- the semiconductor devices 400 and 500 can be manufactured as follows, for example.
- first silicon carbide layer 120 is formed on main surface 101 a of semiconductor substrate 101.
- the first conductivity type first impurity region 103 and the second conductivity type body region 104 are formed by implanting impurities into the first silicon carbide layer 120.
- an implantation mask is provided on the first silicon carbide layer 120, and a contact region 202 is formed by implanting a second conductivity type impurity into the body region 104 using the implantation mask.
- a contact trench 301 and a gate trench 303 are formed in the first silicon carbide layer 120. Etching for forming these trenches 301 and 303 may be performed simultaneously or separately.
- the contact region 202 is formed in the same manner as described above with reference to FIG.
- An etching mask for forming the contact trench 301 may be formed by providing a sidewall on the mask used for the above.
- the semiconductor devices 400 and 500 are inversion channel types, but may be storage channel types.
- a second silicon carbide layer is formed between the sidewall of the gate trench 303 and the gate insulating film 107 so as to be in contact with the first impurity region 103, the body region 104, and the drift region 102. Is done.
- the semiconductor devices of the first to third embodiments are planar MISFETs having a structure in which a second silicon carbide layer (channel layer) is disposed at a position different from that of the MISFETs shown in FIGS. There may be.
- FIGS. 35 and 36 are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating other semiconductor devices of the first to third embodiments, respectively.
- the semiconductor devices 600 and 700 shown in FIGS. 35 and 36 are storage channel type MISFETs having a planar structure.
- the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 17 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- a semiconductor device 600 shown in FIG. 35 has a contact trench structure similar to that of the semiconductor device 100 shown in FIG.
- a semiconductor device 700 shown in FIG. 36 has a contact trench structure similar to that of the semiconductor device 300 shown in FIG.
- the second silicon carbide layer 105 serving as a channel layer is disposed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the first impurity region 103.
- channel layer 705 is arranged in first silicon carbide layer 120 so as to be in contact with the side surface of first impurity region 103.
- the channel layer 705 is formed by implanting impurity ions of the first conductivity type into the first silicon carbide layer 120, for example.
- Other configurations of the semiconductor devices 600 and 700 are the same as those of the semiconductor devices 100 and 300 shown in FIGS.
- the semiconductor devices 400 and 600 described above have the same advantages because they have contact trenches having the same structure as the semiconductor device 100 shown in FIG. Further, since the semiconductor devices 500 and 700 include the contact trench having the same structure as the semiconductor device 300 shown in FIG.
- the present invention can be applied to various semiconductor devices using silicon carbide, and can be suitably used particularly for power semiconductor devices capable of high-speed operation.
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Abstract
Description
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の第1の実施形態を説明する。以下の図面において、従来の半導体装置の構成要素と実質的に同一の機能を有する構成要素には同一の参照符号を付している。本発明は以下の実施形態に限定されない。また、第1導電型はn型およびp型のいずれであってもよく、この場合、第2導電型はp型またはn型である。
次に、図2から図13を参照しながら、本実施形態の半導体装置100の製造方法を説明する。図2から図13は、本実施形態の製造方法を説明するための工程断面の模式図である。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明の第2の実施形態を説明する。
以下、図15を参照しながら、本実施形態の半導体装置200の製造方法の一例を説明する。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による半導体装置の第3の実施形態を説明する。ここでは、縦型の炭化珪素MISFETを例に説明するが、本発明の半導体装置は、炭化珪素層と、炭化珪素層に対してオーミック接触を形成するオーミック電極とを備えていればよく、図示する例に限定されない。
次に、図18から図29を参照しながら、本実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法1を説明する。図18から図29は、本実施形態の製造方法を説明するための模式的な工程断面図である。
次に、本実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法2を説明する。図30は、本実施形態の製造方法2を説明するための模式的な工程断面図である。
次に、本実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法3を説明する。図31は、本実施形態の製造方法3を説明するための模式的な工程断面図である。
次に、本実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法4を説明する。図32は、本実施形態の製造方法4を説明するための模式的な工程断面図である。
71 第1のサイドウォール
72 第1の注入マスク
73 第3の注入マスク
74 エッチング用マスク
75、75’ 第2のサイドウォール
76、77、79 フォトレジスト
78 第2の注入マスク
80、84 第2導電型の不純物
82 第1導電型の不純物
100、200、300、400、500、600、700、1000 半導体装置
101 半導体基板
102 ドリフト領域
103 第1不純物領域
104 ボディ領域
105 第2炭化珪素層
107 ゲート絶縁膜(ゲート酸化膜)
108 ゲート電極
109 層間絶縁膜
109a、109b コンタクトホール
110 配線
111 第2オーミック電極
112 配線
120 第1炭化珪素層
121、301 コンタクトトレンチ
122 第1オーミック電極
123 金属シリサイド層
131、202、207 コンタクト領域
132 第2不純物領域
303 ゲートトレンチ
705 チャネル層
W1、W2 コンタクト領域のトレンチコンタクト側壁からの幅
Claims (26)
- 主面および裏面を有する半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面上に配置された第1炭化珪素層と、
前記第1炭化珪素層に配置された第1導電型の第1不純物領域と、
前記第1炭化珪素層において、前記第1不純物領域に隣接して配置された第2導電型のボディ領域と、
前記ボディ領域内において前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置に配置され、前記ボディ領域よりも高い濃度で第2導電型の不純物を含む第2導電型のコンタクト領域と、
前記第1炭化珪素層のうち前記ボディ領域および前記第1不純物領域以外の領域に配置された第1導電型のドリフト領域と、
前記第1不純物領域および前記コンタクト領域にオーミック接触する第1オーミック電極と
を備え、
前記第1炭化珪素層には、前記第1不純物領域を貫通するコンタクトトレンチが設けられており、前記コンタクトトレンチは底面および側壁を有し、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁は、前記第1不純物領域の底面よりも深い位置にある側壁下部と、前記第1不純物領域の底面と同じまたはそれよりも浅い位置にある側壁上部とを含んでおり、
前記第1オーミック電極は、前記コンタクトトレンチ内に配置され、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁下部の少なくとも一部および底面で前記コンタクト領域と接する半導体装置。 - 前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁下部の、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面に対する傾斜角αは90度未満である請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁上部と、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面に対する傾斜角βは90度未満であり、前記傾斜角βは、前記傾斜角αよりも大きい請求項2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記コンタクトトレンチは、前記底面の面積よりも大きい開口を有する請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体基板の前記主面に垂直な方向から見て、前記コンタクトトレンチの底面は、前記コンタクト領域の輪郭の内部に位置している請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1オーミック電極は、前記コンタクトトレンチ内および前記第1炭化珪素層の上面上に配置され、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面において前記第1不純物領域と接する請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1オーミック電極は、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁上部の少なくとも一部で前記第1不純物領域と接する請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1炭化珪素層は、前記第1不純物領域と略同じ濃度で同じ第1導電型の不純物を含み、かつ、前記第1不純物領域よりも高い濃度で第2導電型の不純物を含む第2不純物領域をさらに有し、
前記第2不純物領域は、前記第1オーミック電極と前記第1不純物領域との間に、前記コンタクトトレンチの前記側壁上部に沿って配置されている請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板の前記主面に垂直な方向から見て、前記コンタクト領域のうち前記コンタクトトレンチの底面の周囲に位置する部分は、前記第1不純物領域と重なっている請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記コンタクト領域のうち、前記半導体基板の前記主面に垂直な方向から見て前記第1不純物領域と重なっている部分は、前記コンタクトトレンチの底面の下方に位置する部分よりも厚い請求項9に記載の半導体装置。
- 主面および裏面を有する半導体基板を用い、第2導電型のボディ領域と、前記ボディ領域に隣接して配置された第1導電型の第1不純物領域と、前記ボディ領域および前記第1不純物領域以外の領域に配置された第1導電型のドリフト領域とを含み、前記ボディ領域の少なくとも一部は前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置にある第1炭化珪素層を、前記半導体基板の前記主面上に形成する工程(a)と、
前記第1炭化珪素層に、前記第1不純物領域を貫通し、前記ボディ領域に達するコンタクトトレンチを形成する工程(b)と、
前記コンタクトトレンチの底面および側壁から、前記ボディ領域に第2導電型の不純物を注入することによって、前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置に第2導電型のコンタクト領域を形成する工程(c)と、
少なくとも前記コンタクトトレンチ内に、前記第1不純物領域と接し、かつ、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁の一部および底面で前記コンタクト領域と接する第1オーミック電極を形成する工程(d)と
を包含する半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(d)において、前記コンタクトトレンチ内および前記第1炭化珪素層の上面上に、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面で前記第1不純物領域と接する前記第1オーミック電極を形成する請求項11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1オーミック電極は、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁のうち前記不純物領域の底面と同じかそれよりも浅い部分で前記第1不純物領域と接する請求項11または12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(c)において、第2導電型の不純物は、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁から前記第1不純物領域にも注入され、これによって、前記第1不純物領域に第2不純物領域が形成される請求項11から13のいずれかに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(b)において、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁のうち前記不純物領域の底面よりも深い部分の、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面に対する傾斜角αが90度未満となるように、前記コンタクトトレンチを形成する請求項11から14のいずれかに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(b)において、前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁のうち前記不純物領域の底面と同じかそれよりも浅い部分の、前記第1炭化珪素層の上面に対する傾斜角βが90度未満となり、前記傾斜角βが前記傾斜角αよりも大きくなるように、前記コンタクトトレンチを形成する請求項15に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 主面および裏面を有する半導体基板を用い、第2導電型のボディ領域と、前記ボディ領域に隣接して配置された第1導電型の第1不純物領域と、前記ボディ領域および前記第1不純物領域以外の領域に配置された第1導電型のドリフト領域とを含み、前記ボディ領域の少なくとも一部は前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置にある第1炭化珪素層を、前記半導体基板の前記主面上に形成する工程(A)と、
前記ボディ領域内であって、前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置に、前記ボディ領域よりも高い濃度で第2導電型の不純物を含む第2導電型のコンタクト領域を形成する工程(B)と、
前記第1炭化珪素層に、前記第1不純物領域を貫通し、前記コンタクト領域に達するコンタクトトレンチを形成する工程(C)と、
前記コンタクトトレンチ内に、前記第1不純物領域と接し、かつ前記コンタクトトレンチの側壁の一部および底面で前記コンタクト領域と接する第1オーミック電極を形成する工程(D)と
を包含する半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(C)において、前記コンタクトトレンチを、その底面が前記コンタクト領域の底面よりも浅い位置に配置されるように形成する請求項17に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(A)は、
前記半導体基板の前記主面上に、第1導電型の第1炭化珪素層を形成する工程と、
前記第1炭化珪素層上に第1のマスクを形成する工程と、
前記第1のマスクの上方から前記第1炭化珪素層に第2導電型の不純物を注入することにより、前記第1炭化珪素層にボディ領域を形成する工程と、
前記第1のマスクの側壁に第1のサイドウォールを形成することにより、前記第1のマスクおよび前記第1のサイドウォールにより構成される第2のマスクを得る工程と、
前記第2のマスクの上方から前記第1炭化珪素層に第1導電型の不純物を注入することにより、前記第1炭化珪素層に第1不純物領域を形成する工程と
を含む請求項17または18に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(B)は、
前記第1炭化珪素層上に第3のマスクを形成する工程と、
前記第3のマスクの上方から前記第1炭化珪素層に第2導電型の不純物を注入することにより、前記第1炭化珪素層にコンタクト領域を形成する工程と
を含み、
前記工程(C)は、
前記第3のマスクの側壁に第2のサイドウォールを形成し、前記第3のマスクと前記第2のサイドウォールにより構成されるトレンチ形成用マスクを得る工程と、
前記トレンチ形成用マスクをエッチングマスクとして、前記第1炭化珪素層にコンタクトトレンチを形成する工程と
を含む請求項19に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(A)は、
前記第1炭化珪素層上に第2のマスクを形成する工程と、
前記第2のマスクの上方から前記第1炭化珪素層に第1導電型の不純物を注入することにより、前記第1炭化珪素層に第1不純物領域を形成する工程と
を含み、
前記工程(B)は、前記第2マスクの上方から前記第1炭化珪素層に第2導電型の不純物を注入することにより、前記第1不純物領域よりも深い位置にコンタクト領域を形成する工程を含む請求項17または18に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(C)は、
前記第2のマスクの側壁に第2のサイドウォールを形成し、前記2のマスクと前記第2のサイドウォールにより構成されるトレンチ形成用マスクを得る工程と、
前記トレンチ形成用マスクをエッチングマスクとして、前記第1炭化珪素層にコンタクトトレンチを形成する工程と
を含む請求項21に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記工程(B)の後であって、前記工程(C)の前に、前記第1炭化珪素層に注入された不純物を活性化させる活性化アニールを行う請求項19または21に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記工程(C)は、前記半導体基板の前記主面に垂直な方向から見て、前記コンタクトトレンチの底面が前記コンタクト領域の輪郭の内部に位置するように、前記コンタクトトレンチを形成する請求項17から23のいずれかに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記コンタクトトレンチは、前記コンタクトトレンチの底面の面積よりも大きい開口を有する請求項11から24のいずれかに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1オーミック電極を形成する工程は、
前記コンタクトトレンチ内および前記第1炭化珪素層の上面の一部に金属を堆積させる工程と、
熱処理により前記金属と前記第1炭化珪素層とを反応させて、金属シリサイド層を含む第1オーミック電極を形成する工程と
を含む請求項11から25のいずれかに記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201080047439.XA CN102576723B (zh) | 2009-10-23 | 2010-10-19 | 半导体装置及其制造方法 |
JP2011537134A JP5075280B2 (ja) | 2009-10-23 | 2010-10-19 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
US13/503,172 US8754422B2 (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2010-10-19 | Semiconductor device and process for production thereof |
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Also Published As
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CN102576723B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
CN102576723A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US8754422B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
JPWO2011048800A1 (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
JP5075280B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
US20120205670A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
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