TWI510571B - 塗裝金屬成型原材料 - Google Patents
塗裝金屬成型原材料 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI510571B TWI510571B TW103125426A TW103125426A TWI510571B TW I510571 B TWI510571 B TW I510571B TW 103125426 A TW103125426 A TW 103125426A TW 103125426 A TW103125426 A TW 103125426A TW I510571 B TWI510571 B TW I510571B
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- metal forming
- raw material
- resin composition
- coating film
- forming raw
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 130
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- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明是有關於一種對於與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的接合較佳的塗裝金屬成型原材料。
金屬板或其壓製(press)成形品、或者藉由鑄造、鍛造、切削、粉末冶金等而成形的所謂「金屬成型原材料」被用於汽車等各種工業製品。另外,金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體接合而成的複合體較僅包含金屬的零件為輕量,且強度高於僅包含樹脂的零件,因此被用於行動電話機或個人電腦(personal computer)等各種電子機器。先前,此種複合體是藉由使金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體嵌合而製造。然而,利用嵌合的複合體的製造方法中,作業步驟數多,生產性低。因此,近年來,通常藉由嵌入成形(insert molding)將金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體接合而製造複合體。
在藉由嵌入成形製造複合體的情況下,重要的是提高金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性。提高金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性的方法例如提出有在進行嵌入成形之前對金屬成型原材料的表面進行粗面化處理(參照專利
文獻1~專利文獻3)。於專利文獻1~專利文獻3的方法中,藉由對鋁合金的表面進行粗面化處理而提高鋁合金與樹脂組成物的成形體的接合性。
[現有技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2006-027018號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2004-050488號公報
專利文獻3:日本專利特開2005-342895號公報
專利文獻1~專利文獻3中記載的複合體是藉由錨定效應(anchor effect)而接合,因此存在金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性不充分的問題。另外,於專利文獻1~專利文獻3中記載的複合體的製造方法中,由於對金屬成型原材料的表面進行粗面化處理,故而容易於金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體之間形成微細的間隙。因此,專利文獻1~專利文獻3中記載的複合體有金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體之間的密封性低、氣體或液體自金屬成型原材料與樹脂組成物的成形體之間洩漏之虞。
本發明的目的在於提供一種於與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體接合的情況下密接性及密封性優異的塗裝金屬成型原材料。
本發明者等人發現,藉由在金屬成型原材料的表面形成特定的塗膜,可解決所述課題,並進一步進行研究而完成本發明。
即,本發明是有關於以下的塗裝金屬成型原材料。
[1]一種塗裝金屬成型原材料,其包括金屬成型原材料、及形成於所述金屬成型原材料的表面的塗膜,且所述塗膜含有含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂,所述塗膜中聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例為15質量%~80質量%,所述塗膜的膜厚超過1.0μm。
[2]如[1]所述的塗裝金屬成型原材料,其中所述塗膜包含選自由Ti、Zr、V、Mo及W所組成的組群中的金屬的氧化物、氫氧化物或氟化物、或者該些的組合。
根據本發明,可提供一種在與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體接合的情況下密接性及密封性優異的塗裝金屬成型原材料。
圖1是表示密接性評價用複合體的構成的示意圖。
圖2是表示氣體密封性評價用複合體的構成的示意圖。
1.塗裝金屬成型原材料
本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料包括金屬成型原材料、及形成
於金屬成型原材料的表面的塗膜。另外,塗裝金屬成型原材料亦可於金屬成型原材料與塗膜之間形成化學轉化處理皮膜。以下,對塗裝金屬成型原材料的各要素進行說明。
(1)金屬成型原材料
成為塗裝基材的金屬成型原材料的種類並無特別限定。金屬成型原材料的例子包含冷延鋼板或鋅鍍敷鋼板、Zn-Al合金鍍敷鋼板、Zn-Al-Mg合金鍍敷鋼板、Zn-Al-Mg-Si合金鍍敷鋼板、鋁鍍敷鋼板、不鏽鋼(stainless)鋼板(包含奧氏體(austenite)系、馬氏體(martensite)系、鐵氧體(ferrite)系、鐵氧體.馬氏體二相系)、鋁板、鋁合金板、銅板等金屬板;金屬板的壓製加工品;鋁壓鑄(die cast)或鋅壓鑄等藉由鑄造、或鍛造、切削加工、粉末冶金等而成形的各種金屬構件等。金屬成型原材料亦可視需要實施脫脂、酸洗等公知的塗裝預處理。
(2)化學轉化處理皮膜
如上所述,塗裝金屬成型原材料亦可於金屬成型原材料與塗膜之間形成化學轉化處理皮膜。化學轉化處理皮膜是形成於金屬成型原材料的表面,從而提高塗膜對金屬成型原材料的密接性及金屬成型原材料的耐蝕性。化學轉化處理皮膜只要形成於金屬成型原材料的表面中至少與下述熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體接合的區域(接合面)即可,但通常是形成於金屬成型原材料的整個表面。
形成化學轉化處理皮膜的化學轉化處理的種類並無特
別限定。化學轉化處理的例子包含鉻酸鹽處理、無鉻處理、磷酸鹽處理等。藉由化學轉化處理而形成的化學轉化處理皮膜的附著量只要為對塗膜密接性及耐蝕性的提高有效的範圍內,則並無特別限定。例如,在鉻酸鹽皮膜的情況下,只要以全部Cr換算附著量成為5mg/m2
~100mg/m2
的方式調整附著量即可。另外,在無鉻皮膜的情況下,若為Ti-Mo複合皮膜,則只要以成為10mg/m2
~500mg/m2
的方式調整附著量即可,若為氟代酸(fluoro acid)系皮膜,則只要以氟換算附著量或總金屬元素換算附著量成為3mg/m2
~100mg/m2
的範圍內的方式調整附著量即可。另外,在磷酸鹽皮膜的情況下,只要以成為0.1g/m2
~5g/m2
的方式調整附著量即可。
(3)塗膜
塗膜含有含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂,從而提高熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體對金屬成型原材料的密接性。如下所述,塗膜亦可更含有不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂作為任意成分。塗膜只要以與化學轉化處理皮膜相同的方式形成於金屬成型原材料表面中的接合面即可,但通常是形成於金屬成型原材料(或化學轉化處理皮膜)的整個表面。
含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂於分子鏈中具有聚碳酸酯單元。所謂「聚碳酸酯單元」,是指聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂的分子鏈中的下述所示的結構。含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂與下述熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體中所含的熱塑性樹脂分別具
有類似的骨架(苯環等)及官能基。因此,在將熱塑性樹脂組成物對塗裝金屬成型原材料進行嵌入成形的情況下,含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂與熱塑性樹脂組成物相容而牢固地結合。因此,藉由使塗膜中預先含有含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂,可提高熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體對塗膜的密接性。
含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂例如可藉由以下步驟而製備。使有機聚異氰酸酯、聚碳酸酯多元醇、與具有三級胺基或羧基的多元醇反應而生成胺基甲酸酯預聚物。此外,在無損本發明的目的之範圍內,可併用聚碳酸酯多元醇化合物以外的多元醇、例如聚酯多元醇或聚醚多元醇等。
另外,將所製造的胺基甲酸酯預聚物的三級胺基利用酸中和或利用四級銨化劑進行四級銨化(quaternization)後,利用水進行鏈延長,藉此可生成陽離子性含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂。
另外,將所製造的胺基甲酸酯預聚物的羧基利用三乙基胺或三甲基胺、二乙醇單甲基胺、二乙基乙醇胺、苛性鈉(caustic soda)、苛性鉀等鹼性化合物進行中和而轉化為羧酸的鹽類,藉此
可生成陰離子性含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂。
聚碳酸酯多元醇可藉由使碳酸二甲酯或碳酸二乙酯、碳酸伸乙酯、碳酸伸丙酯等碳酸酯化合物、與乙二醇或二乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、新戊二醇、甲基戊二醇、二甲基丁二醇、丁基乙基丙二醇、三乙二醇、四乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,4-環己二醇、1,6-己二醇等二醇化合物反應而獲得。聚碳酸酯多元醇亦可為藉由異氰酸酯化合物而經鏈延長者。
有機聚異氰酸酯的種類並無特別限定。有機聚異氰酸酯的例子包含2,4-甲伸苯基(tolylene)二異氰酸酯、2,6-甲伸苯基二異氰酸酯、間苯二異氰酸酯、對苯二異氰酸酯、4,4'-二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、2,4'-二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、2,2'-二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、3,3'-二甲基-4,4'-聯苯二異氰酸酯、3,3'-二氯-4,4'-聯苯二異氰酸酯、1,5-萘二異氰酸酯、1,5-四氫萘二異氰酸酯、四亞甲基二異氰酸酯、1,6-六亞甲基二異氰酸酯、十二亞甲基二異氰酸酯、三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯、1,3-環己二異氰酸酯、1,4-環己二異氰酸酯、苯二甲基二異氰酸酯、四甲基苯二甲基二異氰酸酯、氫化苯二甲基二異氰酸酯、離胺酸二異氰酸酯、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯、4,4'-二環己基甲烷二異氰酸酯。該些有機聚異氰酸酯可單獨使用,亦可組合兩種以上而使用。
塗膜亦可更含有不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂作為任意成分。不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂可進一步提高塗膜對金屬成型原材料的密接性。不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂的種類只要為於分子鏈中
不含聚碳酸酯單元者,則並無特別限定,但就提高塗膜對金屬成型原材料的密接性的觀點而言,較佳為含有極性基。不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂的種類的例子包含環氧系樹脂、聚烯烴系樹脂、酚系樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、聚酯系樹脂、不含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯系樹脂。該些樹脂可單獨使用,亦可組合兩種以上而使用。
環氧系樹脂的例子包含雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂、雙酚AD型環氧樹脂等。烯烴系樹脂的例子包含聚乙烯樹脂、聚丙烯樹脂等。酚系樹脂包含酚醛清漆型樹脂、可溶酚醛樹脂型樹脂等。不含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯系樹脂可藉由使二醇與二異氰酸酯共聚合而獲得。二醇的例子除聚碳酸酯二醇以外,亦包含雙酚A、1,6-己二醇、1,5-戊二醇等。異氰酸酯的例子包含芳香族二異氰酸酯、脂肪族二異氰酸酯、脂環族二異氰酸酯等。
聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例為15質量%~80質量%。在聚碳酸酯單元的質量的比例小於15質量%的情況下,有無法充分獲得熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體對塗膜的密接性,其結果亦無法充分獲得密封性之虞。另一方面,在聚碳酸酯單元的質量的比例超過80質量%的情況下,有無法充分獲得塗膜對金屬成型原材料的密接性,其結果亦無法充分獲得密封性之虞。聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例可使用使塗膜溶解於氯仿中而成的樣品(sample),藉由核磁共振分光法
(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,NMR分析)而求出。
塗膜較佳為更含有選自由Ti、Zr、V、Mo及W所組成的組群中的金屬(閥金屬(valve metal))的氧化物、氫氧化物或氟化物、或者該些的組合。藉由使該些金屬化合物分散於化學轉化處理皮膜中,可進一步提高金屬成型原材料的耐蝕性。尤其亦可期待該些金屬的氟化物藉由自復原作用而抑制皮膜缺陷部的腐蝕。
塗膜亦可更含有可溶性或難溶性的金屬磷酸鹽或複合磷酸鹽。可溶性的金屬磷酸鹽或複合磷酸鹽藉由補充所述金屬的氟化物的自復原作用,而進一步提高金屬成型原材料的耐蝕性。另外,難溶性的金屬磷酸鹽或複合磷酸鹽分散於塗膜中而提高皮膜強度。可溶性或難溶性的金屬磷酸鹽或複合磷酸鹽例如為Al、Ti、Zr、Hf、Zn等的鹽。
塗膜的膜厚只要超過1.0μm,則並無特別限定。在塗膜的膜厚為1.0μm以下的情況下,無法充分提高密封性。另外,在塗膜的膜厚小於0.5μm的情況下,亦無法充分提高熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體對金屬成型原材料的密接性。塗膜的膜厚的上限值並無特別限定,為20μm左右。即便使塗膜的膜厚超過20μm,亦無法期待其以上的密接性提高。
塗膜中除所述樹脂以外亦可調配蝕刻劑(etching agent)、無機化合物、潤滑劑、著色顏料、染料等。蝕刻劑藉由使金屬成型原材料的表面活化,而提高塗膜對金屬成型原材料的密
接性。蝕刻劑可使用氫氟酸、氟化銨、鋯石氟化氫、鈦氟化氫等氟化物。無機化合物可使塗膜緻密化而提高耐水性。無機化合物的例子包含二氧化矽(silica)、氧化鋁、氧化鋯等無機系氧化物溶膠(sol)、磷酸鈉、磷酸鈣、磷酸錳、磷酸鎂等磷酸鹽等。潤滑劑的例子包含氟系或聚乙烯系、苯乙烯系等有機潤滑劑、二硫化鉬或滑石(talc)等無機潤滑劑等。進而,藉由調配無機顏料或有機顏料、有機染料等,亦可對塗膜賦予特定的色調。
本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料的製造方法並無特別限定。例如,本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料可藉由以下方法而製造。
首先,準備成為塗裝基材的金屬成型原材料。在形成化學轉化處理皮膜的情況下,於形成塗膜之前進行化學轉化處理。在未形成化學轉化處理皮膜的情況下,直接形成塗膜。
在金屬成型原材料的表面形成化學轉化處理皮膜的情況下,化學轉化處理皮膜可藉由在金屬成型原材料的表面塗佈化學轉化處理液並進行乾燥而形成。化學轉化處理液的塗佈方法並無特別限定,只要自公知的方法中適當選擇即可。此種塗佈方法的例子包含輥式塗佈法(roll coat method)或簾流法(curtain flow method)、旋轉塗佈法(spin coat method)、噴霧法(spray method)、浸漬提拉法等。化學轉化處理液的乾燥條件只要根據化學轉化處理液的組成等適當設定即可。例如,不對塗佈有化學轉化處理液的金屬成型原材料進行水洗而投入至乾燥烘箱(oven)內,以所達到板溫成為80℃~250℃的範圍內的方式進行加熱,藉此可於金
屬成型原材料的表面形成均勻的化學轉化處理皮膜。
塗膜可藉由在金屬成型原材料(或化學轉化處理皮膜)的表面塗佈包含所述的含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂的塗料並進行燒接而形成。塗料的塗佈方法並無特別限定,只要自公知的方法中適當選擇即可。此種塗佈方法的例子包含輥式塗佈法或簾流法、旋轉塗佈法、噴霧法、浸漬提拉法等。塗料的燒接條件只要根據塗料的組成等而適當設定即可。例如,將塗佈有塗料的金屬成型原材料投入至乾燥烘箱內,以所達到板溫成為110℃~200℃的範圍內的方式利用熱風乾燥機進行乾燥,藉此可於金屬成型原材料(或化學轉化處理皮膜)的表面形成均勻的塗膜。
如上所述,本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料含有特定量的含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂,且具有膜厚超過1.0μm的塗膜,因此熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性、及塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物之間的密封性優異。另外,本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料可僅藉由塗佈含有含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂的塗料並進行燒接而容易地製造。
2.複合體
可藉由在本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面接合熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體而製造複合體。
熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體是接合於所述塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面(更準確而言為塗膜的表面)。熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的形狀並無特別限定,可根據用途而適當選擇。
構成熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的熱塑性樹脂的種類並無特別限定。熱塑性樹脂的例子包含丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(Acrylonitrile butadiene Styrene,ABS)系樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)系樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(polybutylene terephthalate,PBT)系樹脂、聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate,PC)系樹脂、聚醯胺(polyamide,PA)系樹脂、聚苯硫醚(polyphenylene sulfide,PPS)系樹脂或該些的組合。該些之中,較佳為具有亦包含於聚碳酸酯單元的苯環的熱塑性樹脂,特佳為PBT系樹脂或PPS系樹脂。
PBT系樹脂例如可藉由使1,4-丁二醇與對苯二甲酸縮合而獲得,具有下述結構。
PPS系樹脂例如可藉由在醯胺系溶劑中使對二氯苯與硫化鈉縮合而獲得,具有下述結構。
就成形收縮率或材料強度、機械強度、耐損傷性等觀點而言,熱塑性樹脂組成物亦可包含無機填料(filler)或熱塑性聚合物等。尤其是在使用不具有苯環的熱塑性樹脂的情況下,較佳為調配具有苯環的熱塑性聚合物。
無機填料可提高熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的剛性。無機填料的種類並無特別限定,可使用已知的物質。無機填料的例子包含玻璃纖維、碳纖維、芳族聚醯胺樹脂等纖維系填料;碳黑、碳酸鈣、矽酸鈣、碳酸鎂、二氧化矽、滑石、玻璃、黏土、木質素(lignin)、雲母、石英粉、玻璃球等粉末填料;碳纖維或芳族聚醯胺纖維的粉碎物等。無機填料的調配量並無特別限定,較佳為5質量%~50質量%的範圍內。無機填料可單獨使用,亦可組合兩種以上而使用。
熱塑性聚合物可提高熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的耐衝擊性。熱塑性聚合物的種類並無特別限定。具有苯環的熱塑性聚合物的例子包含丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯系樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯系樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯系樹脂、聚碳酸酯系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂、聚苯醚系樹脂。另外,不具有苯環的熱塑性聚合物的例子包含聚烯烴系樹脂。熱塑性聚合物可單獨使用,亦可組合兩種以上而使用。
所述複合體例如可藉由如下步驟而製造:1)第1步驟,準備塗裝金屬成型原材料;2)第2步驟,將塗裝金屬成型原材料
插入至射出成形模具;及3)第3步驟,於塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面接合熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體。以下,對各步驟進行說明。
(1)第1步驟
於第1步驟中,藉由所述順序準備塗裝金屬成型原材料。
(2)第2步驟
於第2步驟中,將第1步驟中所準備的塗裝金屬成型原材料插入至射出成形模具的內部。塗裝金屬成型原材料亦可藉由壓製加工等而加工成所需的形狀。
(3)第3步驟
於第3步驟中,向於第2步驟中插入了塗裝金屬成型原材料的射出成形模具的內部以高壓射出高溫的熱塑性樹脂組成物。此時,較佳為於射出成形模具設置排氣,從而使熱塑性樹脂組成物順利地流動。高溫的熱塑性樹脂組成物與形成於塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面的塗膜接觸。射出成形模具的溫度較佳為熱塑性樹脂組成物的熔點附近。
射出結束後,打開模具進行脫模而獲得複合體。藉由射出成形而獲得的複合體亦可在成形後進行退火處理(anneal treatment),而消除由成形收縮引起的內部應變。
可藉由以上順序而製造包含本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料的複合體。
如上所述,使熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體接合於本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面而製造複合體。於本發明的塗裝金
屬成型原材料上形成有相對於金屬成型原材料及熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體兩者而言密接性優異的特定塗膜。因此,本發明的複合體的金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性、及塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物之間的密封性優異。
以下,參照實施例對本發明進行詳細的說明,但本發明並不受該些實施例限定。
[實施例]
[實施例1]
於實施例1中,製作塗裝金屬成型原材料,並對塗裝金屬成型原材料的耐蝕性進行調查。
1.塗裝金屬成型原材料的製作
(1)金屬成型原材料
作為塗裝金屬成型原材料的塗裝基材,準備板狀的不鏽鋼鋼板、熔融Zn-Al-Mg合金鍍敷鋼板、熔融Al鍍敷鋼板及熔融Al含有Zn鍍敷鋼板。
A.不鏽鋼鋼板
作為不鏽鋼鋼板,準備板厚為0.8mm的SUS304及SUS430(均為2D加工)。
B.熔融Zn-Al-Mg合金鍍敷鋼板
作為熔融Zn-Al-Mg合金鍍敷鋼板,準備每單面的鍍敷附著量為45g/m2
的熔融Zn-6質量%Al-3質量%Mg合金鍍敷鋼板。基材鋼板是使用板厚為0.8mm的冷軋鋼板(Steel Plate Cold rolled
Commercial,SPCC)。
C.熔融Al鍍敷鋼板
作為熔融Al鍍敷鋼板,準備每單面的鍍敷附著量為45g/m2
的熔融Al-9質量%Si合金鍍敷鋼板。基材鋼板是使用板厚為0.8mm的冷軋鋼板(SPCC)。
D.熔融Al含有Zn鍍敷鋼板
作為熔融Al含有Zn鍍敷鋼板,準備每單面的鍍敷附著量分別為45g/m2
的熔融Zn-0.18質量%Al合金鍍敷鋼板、及熔融Zn-55質量%Al合金鍍敷鋼板。基材鋼板均使用板厚為0.8mm的冷軋鋼板(SPCC)。
(2)塗料的製備
以聚碳酸酯(PC)單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例成為表1所示的特定比例的方式,將含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂、不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂及各種添加劑添加至水中,製備不揮發成分為20%的塗料(參照表1)。表1中的含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂及不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂的含量為塗料中的含量(質量%)。於塗料中分別調配作為蝕刻劑的氟化銨(森田化學股份有限公司)0.5質量%、作為無機系化合物的膠體二氧化矽(colloidal silica)(日產化學股份有限公司)2質量%及磷酸(岸田化學(Kishida Chemical)股份有限公司)0.5質量%。
關於表1所示的各含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂,含有聚碳酸酯單元90質量%的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂是使用樹脂廠商(resin
maker)所製備的試驗品(乾燥固體成分為30質量%)。另外,藉由以下方法製備聚碳酸酯單元為100質量%的樹脂組成物。將板厚2.0mm的聚碳酸酯板(他喜龍(Takiron)股份有限公司)細切成約5mm見方,獲得聚碳酸酯片。於二氯甲烷200g中添加經細切的聚碳酸酯片30g,一面以液溫成為40℃的方式進行加熱一面攪拌3小時,使聚碳酸酯片溶解於二氯甲烷中。藉由該步驟而製備聚碳酸酯單元為100質量%的樹脂組成物。
關於表1所示的各不含聚碳酸酯單元的樹脂,不含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂是使用HUX-232(乾燥固體成分為30質量%,艾迪科(ADEKA)股份有限公司)。環氧系樹脂是使用Adeka Resin EM-0434AN(乾燥固體成分為30質量%,ADEKA股份有限公司)。聚烯烴系樹脂是使用HARDLEN NZ-1005(乾燥固體成分為30質量%,東洋紡股份有限公司)。酚系樹脂是使用Tamanol E-100(乾燥固體成分為52質量%,荒川化學工業股份有限公司)。
(3)塗膜的形成
將塗裝基材於液溫60℃的鹼性脫脂水溶液(pH值=12)中浸漬1分鐘,使表面脫脂。繼而,利用輥式塗佈機(roll coater)將塗料塗佈於經脫脂的塗裝基材的表面,以所達到板溫成為150℃的方式利用熱風乾燥機使之乾燥,形成表1所示的膜厚的塗膜。
.含PC單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂
A:含PC單元90質量%的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂
B:PC單元100質量%的樹脂組成物
.不含PC單元的樹脂
a:不含PC單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂(HUX-232)
b:環氧系樹脂(Adeka Resin EM-0434AN)
c:聚烯烴系樹脂(HARDLEN NZ-1005)
d:酚系樹脂(Tamanol E-100)
.塗裝基材
1:SUS304
2:SUS430
3:熔融Zn-6質量%Al-3質量%Mg合金鍍敷鋼板
4:熔融Al-9質量%Si合金鍍敷鋼板
5:熔融Zn-0.18質量%Al合金鍍敷鋼板
6:熔融Zn-55質量%Al合金鍍敷鋼板
2.塗裝金屬成型原材料的評價
(1)耐蝕性試驗
自各塗裝金屬成型原材料切取試片(寬度30mm×長度100mm),實施耐蝕性試驗。對端面經密封(sealing)的各試片,依據日本工業標準(Japanese Industrial Standards,JIS)Z 2371將35℃的NaCl水溶液噴霧120小時。噴霧NaCl水溶液後,藉由各塗裝金屬成型原材料的表面的白鏽(white rust)產生率評價耐蝕性。將白鏽產生率為50面積%以上的情況評價為「×」,將白鏽產生率
為20面積%以上且小於50面積%的情況評價為「△」,將白鏽產生率為10面積%以上且小於20面積%的情況評價為「○」,將白鏽產生率小於10面積%的情況評價為「◎」。
(2)結果
將所製作的塗裝金屬成型原材料的白鏽產生率示於表2。
如表2所示,所製作的全部塗裝金屬成型原材料(塗裝
金屬成型原材料No.1~塗裝金屬成型原材料No.24)均耐蝕性良好。在使金屬成型原材料的表面粗面化的情況下,由於必須使對熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的錨定效應得以發揮,故而不能對金屬成型原材料的表面實施防鏽處理,因此金屬成型原材料的耐蝕性差。另一方面,本發明中所使用的塗裝金屬成型原材料由於在塗裝基材的表面形成樹脂皮膜,故而耐蝕性優異。
[實施例2]
於實施例2中,製作塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的複合體,並對塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性、及塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體之間的氣體密封性進行調查。
1.複合體的製作
(1)塗裝金屬成型原材料
製作實施例1的塗裝金屬成型原材料No.1~塗裝金屬成型原材料No.24。
(2)熱塑性樹脂組成物
準備表3所示的熱塑性樹脂組成物。關於表3所示的各熱塑性樹脂組成物,丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)系樹脂組成物是使用EXCELLOY CK10G20(未確認到明確的熔點;大科能聚合物(Techno Polymer)股份有限公司)。聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)系樹脂組成物是使用樹脂廠商供試用品(熔點230℃)。聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)系樹脂組成物是使用NOVADURAN 5710F40
(熔點230℃;三菱工程塑膠(Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics)股份有限公司)。聚碳酸酯(PC)系樹脂組成物是使用Iupilon GS-2030 MR2(熔點250℃;三菱工程塑膠股份有限公司)。聚醯胺(PA)系樹脂組成物是使用Amilan CM3511G50(熔點216℃;東麗(Toray)股份有限公司)。聚苯硫醚(PPS)系樹脂組成物是使用1130 MF1(熔點280℃;寶理塑膠(Polyplastics)股份有限公司)。各熱塑性樹脂組成物含有表3所示的各種填料。此外,成形收縮率表示於流動方向上所測定的值。
(3)密接性評價用複合體的製作
於射出成形模具中插入塗裝金屬成型原材料,將熔融狀態的熱塑性樹脂組成物射出至射出成形模具內。射出成形模具內的使熱塑性樹脂組成物流入的部分的容積為寬度30mm×長度100mm×厚度4mm,於寬度30mm×長度30mm的區域內塗膜與熱塑性樹脂組成物接觸。將熱塑性樹脂組成物射出至射出成形模具內後,使熱塑性樹脂組成物固化,獲得塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹
脂的成形體的複合體。將密接性評價用複合體的構成示於圖1。
(4)氣體密封性評價用複合體的製作
於射出成形模具中插入中心形成有直徑10mm的貫通孔的塗裝金屬成型原材料,將熔融狀態的熱塑性樹脂組成物射出至射出成形模具內。射出成形模具內的使熱塑性樹脂組成物流入的部分的容積為直徑20mm×厚度3mm,於所述貫通孔的周圍5mm的區域內塗膜與熱塑性樹脂組成物接觸。將熱塑性樹脂組成物射出至射出成形模具內後,使熱塑性樹脂組成物固化,獲得塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂的成形體的複合體。將氣體密封性評價用複合體的構成示於圖2。
2.複合體的評價
(1)密接性的評價
針對密接性評價用複合體,將塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體沿同一平面方向以100mm/min的速度拉伸,測定斷裂時的強度(剝離強度)。將剝離強度小於1.0kN的情況評價為「×」,將1.0kN以上且小於1.5kN的情況評價為「△」,將1.5kN以上且小於2.0kN的情況評價為「○」,將2.0kN以上的情況評價為「◎」。密接性在「○」或「◎」的情況下設為合格。
(2)氣體密封性的評價
將氣體密封性評價用複合體於35℃的水中浸漬24小時後,固定於不鏽鋼製的密閉夾具。一面自氣體注入口以0.3MPa的壓力將氦氣封入至密閉夾具內,一面測定塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑
性樹脂組成物的成形體的接合部附近的氦洩漏量。氦洩漏試驗是使用檢漏器(leak detector)(HELIOT714;愛發科(ULVAC)股份有限公司)依據JIS Z 2331:2006(氦洩漏試驗方法)的附帶說明書3((規定)吸入法(嗅探法(Sniffer method)))進行。將氦洩漏量為1.0×10-3
Pa.m3
/s以上的情況評價為「×」,將1.0×10-5
Pa.m3
/s以上且小於1.0×10-3
Pa.m3
/s的情況評價為「△」,將1.0×10-7
Pa.m3
/s以上且小於1.0×10-5
Pa.m3
/s的情況評價為「○」,將小於1.0×10-7
Pa.m3
/s的情況評價為「◎」。氣體密封性在「○」或「◎」的情況下設為合格。
(3)評價結果
將針對各複合體的密接性及氣體密封性的評價結果示於表4及表5。
於比較例1~比較例6的複合體中,塗膜的膜厚為1.0μm以下,因此氣體密封性差。於比較例7~比較例10的複合體中,塗膜中聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例小於15質量%,因此塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性差,隨之氣體密封性亦差。於比較例11、比較例12的複合體中,塗膜中聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例超過80質量%,因此塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性差。另外,藉由浸漬於35℃的水中而產生塗膜的膨潤,熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體隆起,因此氣體密封性亦差。
另一方面,於實施例1~實施例16的複合體中,塗膜的膜厚為特定範圍內,塗膜中聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例為特定範圍內,因此塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹
脂組成物的成形體的密接性、及塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體之間的氣體密封性優異。
本申請案是主張基於2013年9月30日提出申請的日本專利特願2013-204251的優先權。該申請案說明書及圖式中記載的內容全部援引於本申請案說明書中。
[產業上之可利用性]
包含本發明的塗裝金屬成型原材料的複合體由於塗裝金屬成型原材料與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的密接性、以及氣體及液體的密封性優異,故而可阻斷濕度或腐蝕性氣體等,例如對於汽車的反相器箱(inverter case)或引擎控制單元(engine control unit,ECU)箱、電氣製品的精密電子零件箱等有用。
Claims (2)
- 一種用於與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的接合的塗裝金屬成型原材料,其包括:金屬成型原材料、及形成於所述金屬成型原材料的表面的塗膜,且所述塗膜含有含聚碳酸酯單元的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂,所述塗膜中所述聚碳酸酯單元的質量相對於樹脂合計質量的比例為15質量%~80質量%,所述塗膜的膜厚超過1.0μm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的用於與熱塑性樹脂組成物的成形體的接合的塗裝金屬成型原材料,其中所述塗膜含有選自由Ti、Zr、V、Mo及W所組成的組群中的金屬的氧化物、氫氧化物或氟化物、或者該些的組合。
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JP2016108494A (ja) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-20 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 金属素形材用処理液 |
JP6368733B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-08-01 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 耐熱接着性絶縁被膜用組成物および絶縁被膜付き電磁鋼板 |
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EP2939829A1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
AU2013401341A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
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EP2939829A4 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CN104661812A (zh) | 2015-05-27 |
JP2015066859A (ja) | 2015-04-13 |
RU2618047C2 (ru) | 2017-05-02 |
MY164342A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
TW201512330A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
MX2015009668A (es) | 2015-12-07 |
CA2898593A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
US20150361273A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
JP5543004B1 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
PH12015501607A1 (en) | 2015-10-19 |
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