KR20230023052A - 두께를 제어하기 위해 하프토닝을 이용하는 잉크-기반 층 제조 - Google Patents
두께를 제어하기 위해 하프토닝을 이용하는 잉크-기반 층 제조 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 1b는 희망 층을 기술하는 레이아웃 데이터가 생성 또는 수신되고, 하프톤 패턴으로 변환되고, 희망 층이 될 잉크를 증착하는 데 사용되는 공정의 예시적 다이어그램이다.
도 1c는 두께 데이터가 각자의 "인쇄 셀"에 대해 그레이스케일 값을 획득하는 데 사용되며, 상기 그레이스케일 값이 하프톤 패턴을 생성하는 데 사용되는 상세한 실시예의 블록도이다.
도 2a는 본 명세서에 기재된 기법을 독립적으로 구현할 수 있는 선택적 계층, 제품, 또는 서비스를 보여주는 예시적 도면이다.
도 2b는 제어된 분위기 환경의 존재 하에 구성요소, 가령, 평면 패널 소자를 제조하기 위해 사용될 수 있는 제조 기구의 평면도이다.
도 2c는 도 2b의 제조 수단 내 프린터의 레이아웃을 보여주는 평면도이고, 도 2c는 기판(253)과 관련해 인쇄 헤드(259)가 이동하는 방식을 보여준다.
도 2d는 도 2a의 인쇄 모듈 내에서 연관된 다양한 서브시스템의 블록도이다.
도 3a는 이산 파형 세그먼트에 따라 개별 잉크 액적을 생성하도록 사용되는 파형을 형성하는 방식을 도시한다.
도 3b는 상이한 파라미터를 갖는 액적이 상이한 노즐 발사 파형을 기초로 생성될 수 있는 실시예를 도시한다.
도 3c는 원하는 파형을 프로그래밍된 타임(또는 위치)에서 생성하고 인쇄 헤드의 노즐로 적용하는 것과 관련된 회로도를 도시하며, 이 회로는 예를 들어 각각의 회로(343/351, 344/352 및 345/353)의 한 가지 가능한 구현을 제공한다.
도 4a는 희망 층의 두께를 나타내는 데이터를 하프톤 이미지로 변환하는 것을 기술하도록 사용되는 흐름도이다.
도 4b는 희망 층의 두께를 나타내는 데이터를 하프톤 이미지로 변환하는 것을 기술하도록 사용되는 또 다른 흐름도이다.
도 4c는 하프토닝 교정과 연관된 흐름도이다.
도 4d는 액적 측정 및 정량화와 연관된 흐름도이다.
도 5a는 인쇄 셀에 대한 특정 잉크 부피를 나타내는 하나의 하프톤 패턴을 도시한다.
도 5b는 특정 잉크 부피를 나타내는 또 다른 하프톤 패턴을 도시하며, 즉히, 도 5b는 도 5a의 하프톤 패턴에 대해 사용되어 주파수 변조("FM") 하프토닝을 설명한다.
도 5c는 특정 잉크 부피를 나타내는 또 다른 하프톤 패턴을 도시하며, 특히 도 5c는 도 5a의 하프톤 패턴에 대해 사용되어 진폭 변조("AM") 하프토닝을 설명한다.
도 5d는 인접한 타이들에 대한 상보적(또는 "스티칭된") 하프톤 패턴의 선택적 사용을 도시한다.
도 5e는 액적 크기(또는 형태)가 오발사하는 인접 노즐을 보상하도록 변화된 하프톤 패턴을 도시한다.
도 5f는 액적이 하나의 노즐에 의해 "대여"되어 오발사하는 인접 노즐을 보상하는 하프톤 패턴을 도시한다.
도 6a는 두께 데이터에 따라 상이한 인쇄 셀에 할당되는 그레이스케일 값을 도시하는 차트이다.
도 6b는 두께 데이터에 따라 상이한 인쇄 셀에 할당되는 그레이스케일 값을 보여주되, 그레이스케일 교정이 추가되어 최종 필름 두께의 오차를 평활화하거나 교정하는 또 다른 차트이다.
도 7a는 상이한 하프톤 액적 밀도가 상이한 그레이스케일 값과 연관되어 희망 층 두께를 생성하는 방식을 설명하기 위해 사용되는 그래프이다.
도 7b는 기판의 하나 이상의 경계 영역을 개략적으로 도시하며, 경계 영역에 하프토닝 및/또는 그레이스케일 선택이 변하여 에지 구축을 완화할 수 있는 방식을 개략적으로 도시한다.
도 7c는 증착된 층의 모서리에서 사용되기 위한, 경계 영역 근방에서의 하프토닝에 대한 가능한 스킴을 보여준다.
도 7d는 일정한 층 에지를 제공하기 위한 인쇄 셀의 에지 보강을 보여준다.
도 7e는 에지 구축을 피하기 위한 경계부 인접 하프톤 변형과 에지 선형성을 개선하기 위한 "울타리" 모두의 사용을 보여준다.
도 8a는 복수의 평면 패널, 가령, 복수의 유기 발광 다이오드("OLED") 디스플레이 패널, 태양광 패널, 또는 그 박의 다른 유형의 패널로 배열될 기판(801)을 도시한다.
도 8b는 활성 요소 및 전극이 도 8a의 기판에 추가된 후 도 8a의 기판을 도시한다.
도 8c는 도 8b의 선 C-C를 따라 취해지는 도 8b의 기판의 횡단면도를 제공한다.
도 8d는 봉지층(840)이 추가된 후의 도 8c의 기판을 도시하며, 도 8d는 봉지층 (840)가 많은 개별 층, 가령, 교대하는 유기 및 무기 층으로 형성될 수 있음을 보여주는 확대도를 제공한다.
도 8e는 도 8d의 기판을 평면도로(즉, 도 8b와 동일한 관점으로) 도시한다.
도 9는 유기 봉지층을 증착하기 위한 하나의 공정의 블록도이다.
청구항에 의해 규정되는 본 발명은 도면과 함께 읽힐 이하의 상세한 설명을 참조함으로써 더 잘 이해될 수 있다. 다양한 구현예를 구축 및 사용할 수 있도록 하는 하나 이상의 특정 실시예의 기재가 이하에서 제공된다. 비제한적으로, 이 기재는 하프토닝을 이용해 증착되는 층의 희망 두께를 생성하기 위해 잉크 액적 밀도를 제어하기 위해 물질 층을 제조하기 위한 몇 가지 상이한 예시를 제공한다. 이들 기법은 이들 기법을 수행하기 위한 소프트웨어로서 컴퓨터, 인쇄기 또는 이러한 소프트웨어를 실행하는 그 밖의 다른 장치의 형태로, 물질 층을 형성하는 제어 데이터(가령, 인쇄 이미지)의 형태로, 증착 수단으로서 또는 전자 또는 이들 기법을 이용해 제조되는 그 밖의 다른 장치(가령, 평면 패널 소자 또는 그 밖의 다른 소비자 최종 제품)의 형태로 구현될 수 있다. 특정 예시가 제공되지만, 본 명세서에 기재된 원리는 그 밖의 다른 방법, 소자, 및 시스템에도 적용될 수 있다.
Claims (20)
- 기판 상에 액체의 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 갖는 인쇄 헤드;
상기 인쇄 헤드를 사용하여 상기 기판 상에 증착된 상기 액체의 코팅으로부터 상기 기판 상에 층을 형성하기 위한 처리 시스템; 및
상기 기판 상의 복수의 위치들에서 상기 층의 원하는 두께를 나타내는 두께 데이터를 수신하고,
각 노즐에 의해 생성된 액적들의 특성을 나타내는 노즐 데이터를 수신하고,
상기 두께 데이터에 기초하여, 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에 대한 값을 결정하고, 상기 값은 상기 위치에 증착될 상기 액체의 단위 면적당 액적들의 부피를 나타내고,
상기 노즐 데이터에 기초하여, 각 위치에 대한 단위 면적당 액적들의 부피를 나타내는 상기 값에 따라 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 선택하고,
상기 값에 따라 선택된 노즐들로부터 액적들을 증착하기 위한 인쇄 제어 데이터를 결정하고; 그리고
상기 인쇄 제어 데이터에 따라 액적들을 증착하도록 상기 인쇄 헤드를 제어하도록 구성된 프로세서;를 포함하는, 인쇄 장치. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에서 상기 원하는 두께를 나타내는 스케일 값을 결정하도록 더 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 각 위치에 대한 상기 값은 상기 위치에 증착되는 액적들의 패턴을 나타내는, 인쇄 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 복수의 위치들은 인쇄 셀들인, 인쇄 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 두께 데이터는 서로 다른 위치들에서 서로 다른 원하는 두께들을 포함하는, 인쇄 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 상기 값에 따라 각 위치에 대해 액적들을 증착하도록 각 노즐을 구동하기 위한 파형을 선택하고 상기 인쇄 제어 데이터에 상기 선택된 파형을 포함시키도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 스케일 값은 그레이 스케일 값인, 인쇄 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 액체 코팅을 연속적으로 만들기 위한 단위 면적당 액적들의 최소 부피를 나타내는 액적 데이터를 수신하도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 상기 액적 데이터에 기초하여 각 위치에 대한 상기 값을 결정하도록 더 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 값은 그레이 스케일 값 또는 하프톤 값인, 인쇄 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 값은 그레이 스케일 값이고, 상기 프로세서는 상기 그레이 스케일 값에 기초하여 각 위치에 대한 하프톤 값을 결정하도록 더 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 액체 코팅을 연속적으로 하기 위한 단위 면적당 최소 액적들의 부피를 나타내는 액적 데이터를 수신하고, 상기 액적 데이터에 기초하여 상기 하프톤 값을 결정하도록 더 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 기판 상에 액체의 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 갖는 인쇄 헤드;
상기 인쇄 헤드를 사용하여 상기 기판 상에 증착된 상기 액체의 코팅으로부터 상기 기판 상에 층을 형성하기 위한 처리 시스템; 및
상기 기판 상의 복수의 위치들에서 상기 층의 원하는 두께를 나타내는 두께 데이터를 수신하고,
각 노즐에 의해 생성된 액적들의 특성을 나타내는 노즐 데이터를 수신하고,
상기 두께 데이터에 기초하여, 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에 대한 제1 값을 결정하고, 상기 제1 값은 상기 위치에 증착될 상기 액체의 단위 면적당 액적들의 부피를 나타내고,
상기 제1 값에 기초하여, 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에 대한 제2 값을 결정하고, 상기 제2 값은 상기 위치에 증착될 상기 액체의 액적들의 패턴을 나타내고,
국소적 불연속을 피하기 위해 상기 제2 값을 조정하고,
상기 노즐 데이터에 기초하여, 조정된 상기 제2 값에 따라 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 선택하고,
조정된 상기 제2 값에 따라 선택된 노즐들로부터 액적들을 증착하기 위한 인쇄 제어 데이터를 결정하고; 그리고
상기 인쇄 제어 데이터에 따라 액적들을 증착하도록 상기 인쇄 헤드를 제어하도록 구성된 프로세서;를 포함하는, 인쇄 장치. - 제13항에 있어서, 상기 제1 값은 그레이스케일 값이고 상기 제2 값은 하프톤 값인, 인쇄 장치.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 두께 데이터는 서로 다른 위치들에서 서로 다른 원하는 두께들을 포함하는, 인쇄 장치.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 조정된 상기 제2 값에 따라 각 위치에 대해 액적들을 증착하도록 각 노즐을 구동하기 위한 파형을 선택하고 상기 인쇄 제어 데이터에 상기 선택된 파형을 포함시키도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 액체 코팅을 연속적으로 만들기 위한 단위 면적당 액적들의 최소 부피를 나타내는 액적 데이터를 수신하고, 상기 액적 데이터에 기초하여 상기 제2 값을 결정하도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 액체 코팅을 연속적으로 만들기 위한 단위 면적당 액적들의 최소 부피를 나타내는 액적 데이터를 수신하고, 상기 액적 데이터에 기초하여 상기 제2 값을 조정하도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는 인접한 위치들의 제2 값들에 의해 표현되는 액적들의 패턴들이 호환 가능하도록 상기 인접한 위치들에 대한 제2 값들을 조정하도록 추가로 구성된, 인쇄 장치.
- 기판 상에 액체의 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 갖는 인쇄 헤드;
상기 인쇄 헤드를 사용하여 상기 기판 상에 증착된 상기 액체의 코팅으로부터 상기 기판 상에 층을 형성하기 위한 처리 시스템; 및
상기 기판 상의 복수의 위치들에서 상기 층의 원하는 두께를 나타내는 두께 데이터를 수신하고,
각 노즐에 의해 생성된 액적들의 특성을 나타내는 노즐 데이터를 수신하고,
상기 두께 데이터에 기초하여, 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에 대한 제1 값을 결정하고, 상기 제1 값은 상기 위치에 증착될 상기 액체의 단위 면적당 액적들의 부피를 나타내고,
상기 제1 값에 기초하여, 상기 복수의 위치들의 각 위치에 대한 제2 값을 결정하고, 상기 제2 값은 상기 위치에 증착될 상기 액체의 액적들의 패턴을 나타내고,
상기 위치에 증착될 액적들의 수를 증가시키는 것, 인접한 위치들의 제2 값들에 의해 표현되는 액적 패턴들을 함께 스티칭(stitching)하는 것, 하나 이상의 위치의 제2 값에 의해 표현되는 액적의 패턴을 반전시키는 것, 하나 이상의 위치의 제2 값에 의해 표현되는 액적의 패턴을 회전시키는 것, 또는 이들의 조합에 의해; 국소적 불연속을 피하기 위해 상기 제2 값을 조정하고,
상기 노즐 데이터에 기초하여, 조정된 상기 제2 값에 따라 액적들을 증착하기 위한 노즐들을 선택하고,
조정된 상기 제2 값에 따라 선택된 노즐들로부터 액적들을 증착하기 위한 인쇄 제어 데이터를 결정하고; 그리고
상기 인쇄 제어 데이터에 따라 액적들을 증착하도록 상기 인쇄 헤드를 제어하도록 구성된 프로세서;를 포함하는, 인쇄 장치.
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