KR20200122346A - 변형 아데노바이러스 - Google Patents
변형 아데노바이러스 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2. 고유 수용체 향성의 제거. (A) 복제-결핍 Ad5 및 Ad5.3D.A20 벡터의 콕사키 아데노바이러스 수용체(CAR)에의 결합. Ad5에 대한 Ad5.3D.A20의 바이러스 이식유전자 발현 비율은 상단 막대에 표시된다. (B) 복제-결핍 Ad5 및 HVR7-돌연변이된 Ad5 변이체의 응고 인자 10(FX)에의 결합은 루시퍼라아제 분석에서 인간 FX의 존재하에 세포를 항응고제 X-bp와 함께(+) 또는 없이(-) 3시간동안 37℃에서 감염시켜 평가하였다. HVR7, FX-결합 돌연변이. 통계적 유의성: ns, p>0.05, **, p<0.01.
도 3. αvβ6 인테그린 - 표적화의 시험관 내(in vitro) 평가. (A) αvβ6+ BT-20 유방암 세포 및 (B) 환자 004로부터의 αvβ6+ 일차 상피성 난소암(primary epithelial ovarian cancer, EOC) 세포에서의 복제-결핍 야생형(Ad5) 및 삼중 탈 표적, 인테그린 재-표적(Ad5.3D.A20) 벡터의 형질도입 효율. (C) αvβ6-저(low)/CAR+ SKOV3 및 αvβ6-고(high)/CAR+ SKOV3-β6 세포(αvβ6 레트로바이러스 발현을 갖는 in-house 제조된 SKOV3 세포)에서의 종양융해 벡터(T1/△24)에 의한 루시퍼라아제 발현. (D) αvβ6 인테그린-매개 세포 진입의 경쟁 억제. 가장 높은 10% αvβ6-발현 SKOV3-β6 세포는 FACS에 의해 분류되고, 계대배양되고, 감염되었다. IgG, 정상 마우스 IgG 대조군; 10D5, 항-αvβ6 기능-차단 항체. 바이러스 이식유전자 발현 비율은 상단 막대에 표시된다. 통계적 유의성 ns, p>0.05; *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001; ****, p<0.0001.
도 4. 탈체(ex vivo) 벡터 형질 도입에서의 악성 난소 복수의 효과. (A) 건강한 남성 지원자(검은 색 실선)로부터의 20개의 임상 난소 복수(OAS) 샘플 및 대조군 혈청에서의 ELISA에 의한 항-Ad5 항체의 정량화. 수평선은 대조군 혈청에서의 항-Ad5 항체의 50% 및 100% 결합을 나타낸다. (B) 웨스턴 블롯에 의한 항-Ad5 항체의 복수 및 혈청에서의 항원 특이성. (C) BT-20 세포 및 (D) 환자 004로부터의 일차 탈체(ex vivo) 상피성 난소암 세포에서의 환자 004로부터의 다양한 복수 희석의 존재 및 부존재 하에서, 복제-결핍(Ad5) 및 Ad5.3D.A20 벡터의 형질도입 효율. 세포는 복수의 농도가 증가함에 따라 사전 배양되고 감염되었다.
도 5. 전신 전달 후 72시간 시점에서의 복제-결핍 벡터의 생체 분포. (A) 생체 분포 연구 일정 및 (B) 정맥 주사 3일 후, 복제-결핍(Ad5) 및 삼중 탈 표적 Ad5.3D.A20 바이러스의 분포에 대한 생체 내 이미징. 패널 B로부터의 총 발광 신호의 정량화: (C) 전신, (D) 간, 335 (E) 비장, (F) 폐, (G) 난소 및 (H) 심장에서. i.p., 복강 내; IVIS, 생체 내 이미징 시스템; p.i., 감염-후; vp, 바이러스 입자. 오차 막대는 평균의 표준 오차를 나타낸다; n=5/집단; ns, p>0.05; *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001; ****, p<0.0001.
도 6. 전신 전달 후 표적 외 기관에서의 바이러스 게놈 복제수. 도 5에서 절제된 조직으로부터의 아데노바이러스 게놈 복제수: 전신 벡터 전달 후의 헥손 유전자의 qPCR을 통한 (A) 간, (B) 비장, (C) 폐, (D) 난소 및 (E) 심장. 데이터는 GraphPad Prism에서 Sidak의 다중 비교 post hoc 테스트와 단방향 ANOVA에 의해 정규화되고 분석되었다. 오차 막대는 평균의 오차를 나타낸다; n=5/집단; *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001; p<0.0001; ns, 통계적으로 유의한 차이 없음. 그래프 아래 숫자는 Ad5 집단에 비해 Ad5.3D.A20 그룹의 배수적 감소(fold decrease)를 나타낸다.
도 7. 종양융해 효능 연구: 난소암 이종이식 모델에서의 종양융해 벡터의 복강 내 전달. (A) 연구 일정. 인간 난소암 세포(SKOV3 및 SKOV3-β6)의 복강 내 이종이식은 면역-손상 마우스(n=5/집단)에게 이식되었으며, 그 후 3회 용량의 정맥 내 종양융해 Ad5 또는 삼중 탈 표적, 인테그린 재-표적화 Ad5.3D.A20을 14일, 16일 및 18일에 처리하였다. 발광 히트맵 이미지(B, D) 및 전신 발광의 정량(C,E)은 첫 번째 치료(16일) 후 349 48시간, 및 첫 치료 후 7일째(21일)에 결정되었다. (F) SKOV3(αvβ6-저(low)/CAR+) 및 (G)SKOV3-β6(αvβ6-고(high)/CAR+) 세포를 접종한 다음, 바이러스로 처리한 동물의 전체 생존은, 상기와 같이, 101일의 최종 연구 종결시점까지 Kaplan-Meyer 생존 곡선으로 나타난다. i.p., 복강 내; IVIS, 생체 내 이미징 시스템; vp, 바이러스 입자; *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001. IVIS, 생체 내 이미징 시스템.
도 8. 생체 분포 연구: 탈체(ex vivo) 발광 강도의 히트맵(heat-map) 이미지. 간, 비장, 폐, 난소 및 심장은 (A) PBS(대조군), (B) Ad5.Luc 또는 (C) Ad5.3D.A20 벡터들이 정맥 내로 접종된 동물들로부터 사후 즉시 수집되었다. 기관을 D-루시페린에 담그고, IVIS 이미저(imager)로 이미지화하였다. 조직의 색은 루시퍼라아제 이식유전자에 의해 방출되는 상대적인 발광 강도를 나타낸다; 배경 발광 강도를 배제하기 위해 스케일을 표준화하였다. (D) Ad5.Luc에 비해 전체 발광(광자/초)의 배수적 감소. Ad5.Luc 집단의 평균 발광 강도를 Ad5.3D.A20 집단의 각각의 기관에서의 평균 발광으로 나누었다. 모든 값에서 PBS 대조군에서의 평균값을 빼고 계산하였다.
도 9. 생체 분포 연구: 포르말린-고정, 파라핀-포매된 간 절편에 대한 면역 조직 화학. (A) 세포 구조의 시각화를 위한 헤마토실린-에오신(haematoxyli-eosin) 염색 및 토끼 IgG 아이소타입(isotype) 대조군 항체(1 μg/mL), 일차 토끼 항-CAR 항체(1:100) 및 일차 토끼 항-ITGB6(αvβ6) 항체(1:10)를 사용한 마우스 간 염색. (B) Ad5 또는 Ad5.3D.A20 벡터에 감염된 동물들의 Ad5-감염 간 세포의 염색으로서, 일차 토끼 항-Ad5 항체(1 μg/mL)를 사용. DAB는 기질로서 사용되었으며, 섹션을 헤마톡실린에 카운터 염색하고 커버 슬립에 장착하여 광학 현미경으로 관찰하였다.
도 10. 파일럿 연구: NOD/SCID 마우스에서의 종양 국소화 및 속도 측정. 1 Х 107의 SKOV3-β6 세포/동물을 0일 차에 복강 내에 이식하였고, 각 시점에서의 두 마리의 마우스가 희생되었다: 7일, 14일, 21일 및 48/49일(종결 시점). 대략적인 종양 크기를 측정하였으며, 복수의 부피를 정량화하였다.
도 11. 종양융해 효능 연구: 종결 시점 종양의 특성. (A) 바이러스 게놈 복제수(40ng DNA 당) 및 (B) qPCT에 의한 SKOV3 및 SKOV3-β6 코호트로부터의 OAd5 및 OAd5.3D.A20에의 사후 종양에서의 αvβ6 인테그린(ITGB6) 유전자 발현. αvβ6 발현 수준은 SKOV3 코호트의 음성 대조군 PBS 집단의 마우스 #1과 비교하여 표시하며, 인간 ACTB(β-액틴)를 내인성 대조군으로 사용하였다.
도 12. 췌장암 세포주에서의 루시퍼라아제를 발현하는 Ad5.3D.A20 및 Ad5의 형질도입 활성. αvβ6 및 hCAR의 발현 수준은 ASPC-1 (A), BxPc (B), CFPAC (C), PANC10-05 (D), SW1990 (E), PANC0403 (F), SUIT-2 (G), MiPaCa2 (H) 및 PT45 (I) 췌장암 세포주에서 결정되었다. 세포를 5,000vp/세포의 루시퍼라아제 발현 바이러스로 감염시키고, 그리고 감염 48시간 후 총 세포 단백질에 대해 이식유전자 발현을 정량화하고 수정하였다.
도 13. 식도암 세포주에서의 루시퍼라아제를 발현하는 Ad5.3D.A20 및 Ad5의 형질도입 활성. αvβ6 및 hCAR의 발현 수준은 Kyes-30 식도암 세포에서 결정되었다. 세포를 5,000vp/세포의 루시퍼라아제 발현 바이러스로 감염시키고, 그리고 감염 48시간 후 총 세포 단백질에 대해 이식유전자 발현을 정량화하고 수정하였다.
도 14. 유방암 세포주에서의 루시퍼라아제를 발현하는 Ad5 . 3D.A20 및 Ad5의 형질도입 활성. αvβ6 및 hCAR의 발현 수준은 BT-20(A), BT-474(B), MDA-MB-361(C), 및 MDA-MB-231(D) 유방암 세포에서 결정되었다. 세포를 5,000vp/세포의 루시퍼라아제 발현 바이러스로 감염시키고, 그리고 감염 48시간 후 총 세포 단백질에 대해 이식유전자 발현을 정량화하고 수정하였다.
도 15. 폐암 세포주에서의 루시퍼라아제를 발현하는 Ad5.3D.A20 및 Ad5의 형질도입 활성. αvβ6 및 hCAR의 발현 수준은 A427(A), A549(B), 및 NCI-H460(C) 폐암 세포에서 결정되었다. 세포를 5,000vp/세포의 루시퍼라아제 발현 바이러스로 감염시키고, 그리고 감염 48시간 후 총 세포 단백질에 대해 이식유전자 발현을 정량화하고 수정하였다.
도 16. 췌장암 및 유방암 세포주에서의 복제 결핍 및 종양융해(O) Ad5.3D.A20 및 Ad5의 종양융해 활성. 췌장암 세포주 Suit 2(αvβ6high/hCARhigh), MiCaPa2(αvβ6low/hCARhigh), PANC0403(αvβ6Vhigh/hCARhigh) 및 PT45(αvβ6neg/hCARhigh) 및 유방암 세포주 BT-20(αvβ6high/hCARneg) 및 MDA-MB-231(αvβ6neg/hCARhigh)을 96 웰 플레이트에 20,000세포/웰의 밀도로 플레이팅 하였다. 세포를 5,000vp/세포로 감염시키고, 세포 생존율을 표준 MTS 세포 생존 분석을 통해 매 24시간마다 정량화하였다. 예상대로, 복제 결핍 벡터는 세포 생존율에 해로운 영향을 미치지 않았으나, OAd5.3D.A20 및 OAd5의 세포 사멸(종양융해) 활성은 직접적으로 세포의 αvβ6 및 hCAR의 존재/부존재와 관련있었다.
Claims (21)
- 다음을 포함하는 변형 Ad5 혈청형(serotype) 아데노바이러스:
a) 헥손 초가변영역 7 내의 I421G, T423N, E424S, E450Q 또는 L426Y 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)(HVR7 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 응고 인자 10(FX)에 결합하는 것을 억제함;
b) 섬유 노브 영역 AB 루프 내의 S408E 또는 P409A 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)(KO1 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 콕사키 아데노바이러스 수용체(coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, CAR)에 결합하는 것을 억제함; 및
c) 펜톤 인테그린 결합 모티프(penton integrin binding motif) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) 내의 D342E 또는 D342A 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 αvβ3/αvβ5 인테그린에 결합하는 것을 억제함. - 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 HVR7 돌연변이는 하기의 점 돌연변이들인 I421G, T423N, E424S 및 L426Y 중 하나 이상을 포함하거나 하나 이상으로 이루어지는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 2항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 KO1 돌연변이는 S408E 및 P409A 점 돌연변이들을 포함하거나 상기 돌연변이들로 이루어지는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 RGD 돌연변이는 D342E이며, 이는 RGE를 생산하는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스는 선택적으로 종양 세포들을 표적화하는 하나 이상의 암 표적 변형 또는 서열을 포함하도록 추가적으로 변형된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 5항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스는 아미노펩티데이즈 N(aminopeptidase N)과 결합하기 위한 하나 이상의 NGR(포함) 펩타이드 모티프로서, 상기 NGR은 아데노바이러스 섬유 단백질 HI 루프에 존재하며; 또는 팬-암 마커 EphA2와 결합하기 위한 하나 이상의 YSA(포함) 펩타이드 모티프로서 상기 YSA는 키메릭 섬유에 존재하고, 또는 하나 이상의 암 표적 항체 또는 하나 이상의 성장 인자 항체 또는 하나 이상의 모체 퇴화 효소(matrix degrading enzyme)를 포함하는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 5항에 있어서, 상기 암 표적 변형은 αvβ6 인테그린 결합 펩타이드 또는 A20 펩타이드 서열 NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART(서열번호 1)의 삽입 또는 발현을 상기 바이러스 내로 또는 상기 바이러스에 의해 포함하는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 7항에 있어서, 상기 A20 펩타이드 서열은 바이러스 섬유 노브 HI 루프에 삽입되거나 또는 상기 루프에서 발현되는 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스(Ad5.3D.A20)는 다음을 포함하는 변형 아데노바이러스:
a) 헥손 초가변영역 7 내의 I421G, T423N, E424S, E450Q 또는 L426Y 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)(HVR7 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 응고 인자 10(FX)에 결합하는 것을 억제함;
b) 섬유 노브 영역 AB 루프 내의 S408E 또는 P409A 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)(KO1 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 콕사키 아데노바이러스 수용체(coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, CAR)에 결합하는 것을 억제함;
c) 펜톤 인테그린 결합 모티프(penton integrin binding motif) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) 내의 D342E 또는 D342A 중 하나 이상의 점 돌연변이(들)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 αvβ3/αvβ5 인테그린에 결합하는 것을 억제함; 및
d) 바이러스 섬유 노브 HI 루프 내의 A20 펩타이드 서열 NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART(서열번호 1)의 삽입 또는 발현. - 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 변형 아데노바이러스(Ad5.3D.A20)는 다음을 포함하는 변형 아데노바이러스:
a) 헥손 초가변영역 7 내의 I421G, T423N, E424S 및 L426Y 점 돌연변이들(HVR7 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 응고 인자 10(FX)에 결합하는 것을 억제함;
b) 섬유 노브 영역 AB 루프 내의 S408E 및 P409A 점 돌연변이들(KO1 돌연변이)로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 콕사키 아데노바이러스 수용체(coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, CAR)에 결합하는 것을 억제함;
c) RGE 돌연변이를 생성하기 위한 펜톤 인테그린 결합 모티프(penton integrin binding motif) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) 내의 D342E 점 돌연변이로서 상기 돌연변이는 바이러스가 αvβ3/αvβ5 인테그린에 결합하는 것을 억제함; 및
d) 바이러스 섬유 노브 HI 루프 내의 A20 펩타이드 서열 NAVPNLRGDLQVLAQKVART(서열번호 1)의 삽입 또는 발현. - 제 1항 내지 제 10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스는 약학적 분자 또는 제제를 암호화하는 하나 이상의 이식유전자(transgene)를 포함하도록 추가적으로 변형된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스는 pRB-결함(defective) 세포로의 바이러스 복제를 제한하기 위해 E1A 유전자의 24-염기 쌍 결실 dl922-947(△24 돌연변이)를 포함하도록 추가적으로 변형된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 아데노바이러스는 향상된 종양 융해 능력을 위해 E3/19K의 소포체(endoplasmic reticulum, ER) 유지(retention) 도메인 내의 445 위치에 단일 아데닌 염기 추가를 포함하도록(T1 돌연변이) 추가적으로 변형된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 약제로 사용하기 위한 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 암 치료에 사용하기 위한 제 1항 내지 제 14항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 암을 치료하기 위한 약제의 제조에 사용하기 위한 제 1항 내지 제 14항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 15항 또는 제 16항의 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스에 있어서, 상기 암은 비인두암, 활막암, 간세포암, 신장암, 결합조직암, 흑색종, 폐암, 대장암(bowel cancer), 결장암, 직장암, 결장직장암(colorectal cancer), 뇌암, 인후암, 구강암, 간암, 골암, 췌장암, 융모암, 가스트린종, 갈색세포종, 프로락틴종, T세포백혈병/림프종, 신경종, 폰힙펠 린도우병(von Hippel-Lindau disease), 조린거-엘리슨증후군(Zollinger-Ellison syndrome), 부신암, 항문암, 담도암, 방광암, 요관암(ureter cancer), 뇌암, 핍지교종(oligodendroglioma), 신경아세포종(neuroblastoma), 뇌수막종, 척수종양, 골암, 연골종(osteochondroma), 연골육종, 유잉육종(Ewing's sarcoma), 원발부위불명암(cancer of unknown primary site), 카르시노이드(carcinoid), 위장관 카르시노이드(carcinoid of gastrointestinal tract), 섬유육종(fibrosarcoma), 유방암, 파제트병(Paget's disease), 자궁경부암, 결장직장암(colorectal cancer), 직장암, 식도암, 담낭암, 두부암(head cancer), 안암, 경부암(neck cancer), 신장암, 빌림스 종양(Wilms' tumor), 간암, 카포시 육종(Kaposi's sarcoma), 전립선암, 폐암, 고환암, 호지킨 병(Hodgkin's disease), 비호지킨 림프종(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), 구강암, 피부암, 중피종, 다발성 골수증, 난소암, 내분비 췌장암(endocrine pancreatic cancer), 글루카곤종(glucagonoma), 췌장암, 부갑상선암, 음경암, 뇌하수체암, 연부조직 육종(soft tissue sarcoma), 망막모세포종(retinoblastoma), 소장암, 위암, 흉선암, 갑상선암, 영양막암(trophoblastic cancer), 포상기태(hydatidiform mole), 자궁암, 자궁내막암, 질암(vagina cancer), 외음부암(vulva cancer), 속귀신경집종(acoustic neuroma), 균상식육종, 인슐린종, 카르시노이드 증후군, 소마토스타틴종(somatostatinoma), 치육암(gum cancer), 심장암, 구순암, 뇌막암(meninges cancer), 구강암(mouth cancer), 신경암(nerve cancer), 구개암(palate cancer), 이하선암(parotid gland cancer), 복막암(peritoneum cancer), 인두암(pharynx cancer), 늑막암(pleural cancer), 침샘암, 설암 및 편도암을 포함하는 군에서 선택된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 17항에 있어서, 상기 암은 난소암, 췌장암, 식도암, 폐암, 자궁경부암, 두경부암, 구강암(oral cancer), 후두암, 피부암, 유방암, 신장암 및 대장암(colorectal cancer)을 포함하는 군에서 선택된 것인 변형 아데노바이러스.
- 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스 및 약학적으로 허용가능한 담체, 어쥬번트(adjuvant), 희석제 또는 부형제를 포함하는 약학적 조성물.
- 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스를 약학적으로 또는 수의학적으로 허용가능한 담체 또는 비히클과 함께 또는 결합시키는 것을 포함하는 약학적 조성물의 제조 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항의 변형 아데노바이러스 또는 청구항 제 19항의 약학적 조성물의 유효량을 이를 필요로 하는 환자에게 투여하는 것을 포함하는 암 치료 방법.
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WO2017147269A1 (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2017-08-31 | Salk Institute For Biological Studies | Exogenous gene expression in therapeutic adenovirus for minimal impact on viral kinetics |
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