KR20030016388A - 광물성 울을 원료로 한 단열/방음 제품 - Google Patents
광물성 울을 원료로 한 단열/방음 제품 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20030016388A KR20030016388A KR10-2003-7000311A KR20037000311A KR20030016388A KR 20030016388 A KR20030016388 A KR 20030016388A KR 20037000311 A KR20037000311 A KR 20037000311A KR 20030016388 A KR20030016388 A KR 20030016388A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- product
- treated
- fibers
- felt
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical class C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 103
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 imidazolinium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- UTTVXKGNTWZECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyloctadecan-1-amine oxide Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] UTTVXKGNTWZECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSDNZILMCJTFIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNCCNCCNCCN MSDNZILMCJTFIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/25—Non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/255—Oils, waxes, fats or derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24959—Thickness [relative or absolute] of adhesive layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
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- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/24983—Hardness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/24992—Density or compression of components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2352—Coating or impregnation functions to soften the feel of or improve the "hand" of the fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/25—Coating or impregnation absorbs sound
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
- Y10T442/2992—Coated or impregnated glass fiber fabric
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/494—Including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
- Y10T442/641—Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
- Y10T442/656—Preformed metallic film or foil or sheet [film or foil or sheet had structural integrity prior to association with the nonwoven fabric]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (27)
- 유리 울(glass wool), 암면(rock wool) 또는 현무암 울(basalt wool) 타입의 광물성 울을 원료로 한 단열 및/또는 방음 제품으로서,상기 제품의 외부 표면 중 적어도 일부는 덮여있지 않고,상기 제품의 상기 외부 표면 중 적어도 일부는 연화 특성(softening property)이 있고 적어도 하나의 계면활성제를 포함하는 조성물로 표면 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 제품은 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 적어도 10mm, 특히 최대 5mm의 두께까지 표면 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 또는 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 처리 표면 위에서 연화 특성이 있는 조성물의 함량은 적어도 0.1 g/m2, 특히 최대 5 g/m2인 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 제품의 처리에 사용되는 연화 특성이 있는 조성물은, 수상(水相)에 섞이거나 분산될 수 있는 것이 바람직한페이스트 또는 겔 형태의 액체 형태이거나, 수상에 용해될 수 있는 것이 바람직한 고형체 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 연화 특성이 있는 조성물은 적어도 하나의 편재 또는 비편재화된 양전하를 운반하는 양이온성 계면활성제를 적어도 하나 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 연화 특성이 있는 조성물은, 비이온성 계면활성제/연화제, 특히 글리세롤 모노스테아린산, 파라핀 에멀션과 같이 선택적으로 광물성 오일 에멀션과 결합된 지방 에스테르, 글리세롤 유도체 종류에 속하는 비이온성 계면활성제/연화제를 적어도 하나 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 5항에 있어서, 상기 양이온성 계면활성제는 지방산 또는 지방산 유도체를 원료로 한 하나 이상의 사슬, 및 편재 또는 비편재화된 양전하를 운반할 수 있는 적어도 하나의 질소 함유기, 바람직하게는 사차 암모늄 염, 이미다졸이늄 염(imidazolinium salt) 및 아민 산화물 유도체 또는 아미도아민 아세테이트(amidoamine acetate)로부터 선택되는 질소 함유기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 차단 제품은 대략 평행 육면체 모양인 펠트의 형태로, 펠트의 양쪽 주요 면은 덮여있지 않고, 이 중 적어도 한 면은 연화 특성이 있는 조성물로 처리되며, 또는 덮여있지 않은 하나의 주요 면은 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 처리되고, 다른 주요면에는 외장재(facing)가 덮여있는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 차단 제품은 셸(shell), 스테이브(stave) 또는 세그멘트(segment)의 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 차단 제품의 밀도는 40 kg/m3이하이거나, 40 kg/m3을 초과하고 최대 160 kg/m3인 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 광물성 울은 그 두께 전체에 걸쳐 사이징 조성물을 구비하고, 덮여있지 않은 외부 표면의 적어도 일부에 해당되는 표면 영역, 특히 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 처리된 상기 영역에 해당되는 표면 영역에는 더 적은 함량의 사이징 조성물을 구비하는 것이 바람직한 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 제 1항 내지 제 11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 광물성 울은, 덮여있지 않은 외부 표면의 적어도 일부에 해당되는 표면 영역, 특히 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 처리된 상기 영역에 해당되는 표면 영역에, 상기 제품 두께의 나머지 부분과 다른 치수의 섬유, 특히 보다 긴 길이 및/또는 더 적은 직경, 즉 더 적은 마이크론에어 값(micronaire value)을 갖는 섬유를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 단열 및/또는 방음 제품.
- 내부 원심분리를 통해 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 차단 제품을 제조하는 방법으로서,상기 제품은 광물성 울 생산라인에서 연화 특성이 있는 조성물로 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 13항에 있어서, 상기 차단 제품은 섬유화 부재(fiberizing member)로부터 나오는 섬유를 수용하기 위한 상기 부재의 하류(downstream), 바람직하게는 오븐 타입의 열 처리/컨디셔닝을 위한 임의 부재의 상류(upstream)에서 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 14항에 있어서, 상기 차단 제품은 연화 특성이 있고, 액상, 특히 기본적으로는 수상(水相)인 조성물로 분무, 코팅 또는 적심(dipping)을 통해 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 15항에 있어서, 연화 특성이 있고 액상인 상기 조성물의 농도는, 상기 액상에 대해 0.5 내지 10 중량%, 특히 2.5 내지 5 중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 3항 내지 제 16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 연속 펠트의 형태로 컨베이어 벨트 타입의 운반 수단 위에서 이동하는 상기 차단 제품은, 상기 운반 평면의 위 및/또는 아래에 위치한, 바람직하게는 이동축에 대략 수직으로 위치한 적어도 하나의 스프레이 붐(spray boom)을 이용해서 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 13항에 있어서, 상기 제품은, 제 1 및/또는 최종 섬유화 부재로부터만 나오는 섬유에 분무함으로써, 일렬로 되어 있는 복수의 섬유화 부재를 포함하는 상기 생산라인에서 연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물로 처리되고, 상기 조성물은 액상, 특히 기본적으로는 수상으로 연화 특성이 있으며, 상기 섬유가 상기 섬유화 부재에 해당되는 수용 부재(receiving member)에 수용되기 전, 바람직하게는 상기 섬유를 위해 상기 사이징 조성물을 선택적으로 증착하기 전, 증착하는 동안, 또는 증착한 후에, 상기 조성물로 처리되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 18항에 있어서, 상기 연화 조성물은 상기 섬유에 상기 사이징 조성물을 분무하는데 사용되는 스프레이 링을 통해 분무되거나, 이와 다른 스프레이 링을 통해 분무되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 13항 내지 제 19항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 일렬로 되어 있는 여러 개의 섬유화 부재를 포함하는 생산라인이 사용되고, 각각의 섬유화 부재는,특히 수직축을 중심으로 회전할 수 있고, 외주 영역에는 복수의 구멍이 뚫려있는 스피너와,환상 버너 형태인 고온 가스 확장 수단과,블로잉 링(blowing ring) 형태로, 상기 섬유의 치수를 채널링/조절하기 위한 공압식 수단(pneumatic means)을 포함하고,상기 제 1 및/또는 상기 제 2 섬유화 부재의 블로잉 링에 의해 배출되는 가스 압력은, 다른 섬유화 부재에 의해 배출되는 가스 압력보다 작고, 특히 적어도 20%, 바람직하게는 30 내지 50% 미만이므로, 특히 상기 차단 제품은 덮여있지 않은 외부 표면 중 적어도 일부에 대해, 상기 표면 위에 길이가 더 긴 섬유를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 13항 내지 제 20항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 일렬로 되어 있는 여러 개의 섬유화 부재를 포함하는 생산라인이 사용되고, 각각의 섬유화 부재는,축, 특히 수직축을 중심으로 회전할 수 있고, 외주 영역에는 복수의 구멍이뚫려있는 스피너와,환상 버너 형태인 고온 가스 확장 수단과,블로잉 링(blowing ring) 형태로, 상기 섬유의 치수를 채널링/조절하기 위한 공압식 수단(pneumatic means)을 포함하고,상기 제 1 및/또는 상기 최종 섬유화 부재의 상기 환상 버너에 의해 배출된 상기 가스 압력은 다른 부재의 버너에 의해 배출된 가스 압력보다 크고, 특히 약 10 내지 25% 만큼 크고/크거나,상기 제 1 및/또는 상기 최종 섬유화 부재의 상기 스피너에 있는 구멍의 개수는 다른 스피너에 있는 구멍의 개수보다 많고, 특히 15 내지 25% 더 많아서, 특히 상기 차단 제품은 덮여있지 않은 외부 표면 중 적어도 일부에 대해, 상기 표면 위에 직경이 더 작은, 즉 마이크론에어 값이 더 작은 섬유를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 13항 내지 제 21항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,일렬로 되어 있는 복수의 섬유화 부재를 포함하는 생산라인이 사용되고, 상기 생산라인에서 섬유가 적절한 상기 수용 부재에 도달하기 전, 상기 섬유화 부재로부터 나오는 상기 섬유에 사이징 조성물이 분무되고,더욱 소량의 사이징 조성물, 특히 적어도 10 또는 20% 더 적은 사이징 조성물이 상기 제 1 및/또는 상기 최종 섬유화 부재로부터 나오는 상기 섬유에 분무되어, 특히 상기 차단 제품은 덮여있지 않은 외부 표면 중 적어도 일부에 대해, 상기표면 위에, 두께 전체에 걸친 것보다 더 적은 사이징 함량을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 차단 제품의 제조 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 상기 차단 제품을 제조하고, 제 13항 내지 제 22항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 방법을 실행하며,내부 원심분리를 통해 광물성 울을 제조하는 라인을 포함하고, 상기 라인은 연속해서, 일렬로 되어 있는 복수의 섬유화 부재와, 상기 섬유화 부재로부터 나오는 상기 섬유를 수용/운반하기 위한 하나 이상의 부재와, 오븐 타입인 하나 이상의 열 처리/컨디셔닝 부재를 포함하는 장치로서,상기 장치는, 특히 펠트가 연속 웹(continuous web)의 형태일 때, 상기 수용 부재의 하류, 바람직하게는 상기 라인의 열 처리/컨디셔닝 부재의 상류로, 상기 광물성 울 펠트의 상부면 및/또는 하부면에, 연화 특성이 있는 액상 조성물을 분무시키기 위한 적어도 하나의 스프레이 붐을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장치.
- 제 23항에 있어서, 상기 장치는 운반 평면에서 이동하는 연속 웹의 형태인 상기 펠트의 상기 상부면에 분무시키기 위한 적어도 하나의 붐을 포함하고, 상기 붐은 상기 펠트의 상기 상부면 위에, 이동축을 가로질러 놓여있는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장치.
- 제 24항에 있어서, 상기 장치는 또한 상기 펠트의 운반 평면 아래 놓여있고,연화 특성이 있는 상기 조성물을 분무시키기 위한 붐을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장치.
- 제 23항 내지 제 25항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 붐(들)은 그 길이 전체에 균일하게 분포되어 있고, 발산형, 바람직하게는 편평하거나 원뿔형인 액체 분출을 생성할 수 있는 스프레이 노즐을 구비한 공급용 파이프(feed pipe)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장치.
- 보다 설치하기 좋은 단열/방음재를 제조하기 위해, 제 1항 내지 제 12항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 제품 또는 제 13항 내지 제 22항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 상기 제품을 제조하는 방법의 용도.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR00/09267 | 2000-07-13 | ||
FR0009267A FR2811662B1 (fr) | 2000-07-13 | 2000-07-13 | Produit d'isolation thermique/phonique a base de laine minerale |
PCT/FR2001/002285 WO2002006177A1 (fr) | 2000-07-13 | 2001-07-12 | Produit d'isolation thermique/phonique a base de laine minerale |
Publications (2)
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KR20030016388A true KR20030016388A (ko) | 2003-02-26 |
KR100775010B1 KR100775010B1 (ko) | 2007-11-09 |
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KR1020037000311A KR100775010B1 (ko) | 2000-07-13 | 2001-07-12 | 광물성 울을 원료로 한 단열 제품, 상기 제품의 제조방법, 상기 제품의제조장치 및 상기 제품의 사용방법 |
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US (1) | US7422990B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1299319B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5599963B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100775010B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN100400451C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE332287T1 (ko) |
AU (2) | AU2001278531B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR0112440B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2415576C (ko) |
DE (1) | DE60121333T2 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK1299319T3 (ko) |
EA (1) | EA004191B1 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2267799T3 (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2811662B1 (ko) |
HU (1) | HU225720B1 (ko) |
NO (1) | NO338405B1 (ko) |
PL (1) | PL197621B1 (ko) |
PT (1) | PT1299319E (ko) |
UA (1) | UA74198C2 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2002006177A1 (ko) |
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FR2839966B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-27 | 2004-07-23 | Saint Gobain Isover | Media filtrant comprenant des fibres minerales obtenues par centrifugation |
FR2842516B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-18 | 2004-10-15 | Saint Gobain Vetrotex | Composition d'ensimage pour verranne, procede utilisant cette composition et produits resultants |
US20070178058A1 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-02 | Ramirez Jose E | Methods of using stable ascorbic acid compositions |
KR100722409B1 (ko) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-05-28 | 주식회사 쎄코텍 | 현무암 코아사 제조방법, 제조장치 및 이를 이용하여제조된 현무암 코아사 |
FR2936793B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-12-03 | Saint Gobain Isover | Procede de fabrication de produits d'isolation a base de laine minerale et produits obtenus |
FR2978373B1 (fr) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-08-02 | Saint Gobain Adfors | Revetement mural absorbant acoustique |
CN105133140A (zh) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 | 一种含有连续玄武岩纤维的纤维布 |
CN107379653A (zh) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-24 | 湖北天运消音防振新材料有限公司 | 一种双组份吸音棉 |
FR3084884B1 (fr) * | 2018-08-10 | 2023-06-16 | Saint Gobain Isover | Installation de fabrication de laine de verre et systeme de projection de produits sur des fibres equipant une telle installation |
CN109825366B (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-02-10 | 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 | 冬化除脂设备及冬化除脂方法 |
DE102022126757A1 (de) | 2022-10-13 | 2024-04-18 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Aktiengesellschaft | Nadelfilz und Verwendung eines Fettsäureamidamins bei der Herstellung eines Nadelfilzes |
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2000
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- 2001-07-12 KR KR1020037000311A patent/KR100775010B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-12 PT PT01956597T patent/PT1299319E/pt unknown
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- 2001-07-12 AU AU2001278531A patent/AU2001278531B2/en not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20040101682A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
ES2267799T3 (es) | 2007-03-16 |
JP2004504251A (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
DE60121333T2 (de) | 2007-06-28 |
CA2415576A1 (fr) | 2002-01-24 |
BR0112440B1 (pt) | 2010-11-16 |
AU2001278531B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
FR2811662B1 (fr) | 2003-07-18 |
HU225720B1 (en) | 2007-07-30 |
AU7853101A (en) | 2002-01-30 |
EA200300141A1 (ru) | 2003-08-28 |
JP5599963B2 (ja) | 2014-10-01 |
US7422990B2 (en) | 2008-09-09 |
EP1299319B1 (fr) | 2006-07-05 |
DE60121333D1 (de) | 2006-08-17 |
ATE332287T1 (de) | 2006-07-15 |
EP1299319A1 (fr) | 2003-04-09 |
DK1299319T3 (da) | 2006-11-06 |
NO20030161L (no) | 2003-01-13 |
CN100400451C (zh) | 2008-07-09 |
UA74198C2 (uk) | 2005-11-15 |
EA004191B1 (ru) | 2004-02-26 |
WO2002006177A1 (fr) | 2002-01-24 |
CA2415576C (fr) | 2012-12-04 |
PL197621B1 (pl) | 2008-04-30 |
PT1299319E (pt) | 2006-09-29 |
CN1455762A (zh) | 2003-11-12 |
FR2811662A1 (fr) | 2002-01-18 |
PL360466A1 (en) | 2004-09-06 |
KR100775010B1 (ko) | 2007-11-09 |
HUP0301255A2 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
NO20030161D0 (no) | 2003-01-13 |
BR0112440A (pt) | 2003-06-24 |
NO338405B1 (no) | 2016-08-15 |
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