KR100986293B1 - Sports beverage composition - Google Patents
Sports beverage composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100986293B1 KR100986293B1 KR1020080063184A KR20080063184A KR100986293B1 KR 100986293 B1 KR100986293 B1 KR 100986293B1 KR 1020080063184 A KR1020080063184 A KR 1020080063184A KR 20080063184 A KR20080063184 A KR 20080063184A KR 100986293 B1 KR100986293 B1 KR 100986293B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- exercise
- porridge
- salt
- sports
- weight
- Prior art date
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- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/40—Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
본 발명은 자죽염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 스포츠 음료 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 무산소성역치 도달시간 및 최대운동지속시간을 측정한 결과, 운동능력 개선 효과가 뛰어나고, 혈압 유지 및 최대운동 시 혈청 Nitric oxide(NO)의 생성 억제 효과로부터 지구력을 증진 및 피로회복 효과가 유도될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 인체에도 무해한 천연물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 스포츠 음료 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a sports drink composition comprising the porridge as an active ingredient, more specifically, the result of measuring the anaerobic threshold reaching time and the maximum exercise duration, the effect of improving the exercise ability, blood pressure maintenance and maximum exercise time The present invention relates to a sports drink composition including natural substances that are harmless to humans as well as promoting endurance and fatigue recovery effects from the inhibitory effect of serum nitric oxide (NO) production.
운동능력개선, 자죽염, 스포츠 음료 Athletic performance, porridge, sports drinks
Description
본 발명은 운동능력 증진과 지구력 향상을 증진시키는 스포츠 음료 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a sports beverage composition for improving athletic performance and improving endurance.
소금은 사람의 생명유지를 위해서 없어서는 안 될 중요한 물질이며, 체액의 삼투압에 대한 균형유지, 신경이나 근육의 활동조절 등을 통하여 생명유지에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 즉, 영양소를 운반하거나 노폐물을 제거하는 신진대사뿐만 아니라 위액의 염산이 되어 살균작용이나 소화작용을 도와주며, 발한작용을 통하여 체온의 적절한 유지 기능도 가지고 있다. 일반적으로 소금은 염화나트륨 (NaCl)이 주성분 이지만, 이 외에도 수분 (H2O), 칼슘 (Ca), 마그네슘 (Mg), 칼륨 (K), 철 (Fe), 구리 (Cu), 망간 (Mn), 아연 (Zn) 등 다양한 미네랄을 함유하고 있어 인체에 필수 물질이지만 소금의 과다 섭취는 고혈압, 위염, 위암 및 뇌졸중 등 여러 질환의 원인이 될 수 있으며, 또한 암 발생을 돕는 역할을 하는 것으로 보고된 바 있다. 특히, 천일염을 고온에서 특수가공 처리한 환원염(Reduction salt; RS)은 일반 소금과 달리 인체에 필요한 무기질을 풍부하게 함유하고 있으며, 위염, 위궤양, 소화기계통의 질환에 대한 치료 효과와 외상치료, 해독작용에 대한 효과가 보고된 바 있다. 상기 환원염의 대표적인 예가 자죽염이다.Salt is an indispensable material for the maintenance of human life, and plays an important role in maintaining life through maintaining the balance of osmotic pressure of body fluids and regulating nerve or muscle activity. That is, as well as metabolism to carry nutrients or remove waste products, as well as hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice to help sterilization or digestion, and has an appropriate function of maintaining body temperature through sweating. In general, salt is mainly composed of sodium chloride (NaCl), but in addition to water (H2O), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc It contains various minerals such as (Zn), but it is essential for the human body, but excessive intake of salt may cause various diseases such as hypertension, gastritis, gastric cancer, and stroke, and has been reported to play a role in helping to develop cancer. . In particular, Reduction salt (RS), which has specially processed sun salt at high temperatures, contains abundant minerals, which are needed for the human body, unlike ordinary salts. The effect on the action has been reported. Representative examples of such reducing salts are porridge salts.
한편, 소금의 기능성과 관련하여, 운동선수들의 운동수행능력을 향상시키려는 ergogenic aid로서의 효과 또한 다수 증명된 바 있다. 장시간 높은 강도의 운동을 지속할 때, 운동수행능력을 제한시키는 요인이 피로 (fatigue)라는 것은 의심할 바 없으나, 피로가 유발되는 과정에서의 근본적인 원인은 다양한 생리적 요인에 의해서 영향을 받게 된다. 이러한 피로유발 요인 중 가장 중요한 것은 개개인의 능력과 관계가 있는 운동강도 (Exercise intensity)라고 보고되고 있지만, 피로의 시작을 지연시키는 가장 효율적인 방법 및 운동수행능력을 개선시키는 요인은 역시 트레이닝에 의해서라는 것이 많은 연구자들에 의해서 설명되고 있다. 체계적이고 규칙적인 트레이닝은 심혈관계와 근육 적응에 결과가 되며, 이것은 근육과 간에 저장된 탄수화물을 절약하면서 상대적으로 지방을 에너지원으로 사용하게 하는데 유용할 것이다. 1시간 이상 혹은 4~5시간 이내의 운동을 지속할 때 피로에 대한 주원인은 탄수화물 저장량의 고갈이며, 또 다른 요인으로서 실내온도와 습도가 높은 환경적 조건하에서 탈수(dehydration)와 열 조절(Thermoregulatory problem)문제가 피로의 원인이 될 것이다. 안정시에는 신체에서 발현되는 열 생성이 낮으나, 높은 작업률 에서는 대사적 열 생성이 80 kJ/min (20 kcal/min)을 초과하며, 고도로 훈련된 운동선수들은 이러한 작업률에서 2시간 이상을 유지하는 것으로 보고된 바 있다. 이러한 높은 열 생성 조건에서 체내의 열을 손실시키기 위한 땀(sweating)은 전해질 손실과 관계가 있는 신체의 수분을 급속하게 손실시키는 결과가 되며, 결과적으로 운동수행능력을 제한시키게 될 것이다. 한편, 일시적 운동시 생성되는 Nitric oxide(NO)에 대한 다수의 연구에서는 운동 시 생성된 NO가 관상혈류 및 말초혈관 혈류를 통제하고 신진대사율을 조절 하지만, 비교적 불안정하여 독성이 있으며 두개의 원자로 이루어진 유리기(free radical)로서 NOS를 포함하고 있는 신경세포의 경우 알츠하이머 병, 헌팅톤씨 병, 파킨슨씨 병, 근위축성 경화증 등과 같은 신경 퇴행성 질환과 뇌졸중, 경련, 외상으로 인한 뇌손상 등과 같은 신경질환의 흥분성 신경 독성효과 와 밀접한 관련성이 있다고 보고되고 있다(Thorn et al., 1998; Chabrier & Auguet, 1999). 고혈압, 동맥경화증, 당뇨병, 운동장애 등 여러 가지 질병에 대한 병태생리에 NO가 관련되며, 정상범위를 벗어난 활성수준은 체내 독성으로 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있으나 운동이 NO 반응에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 이론적 기전이 명확하게 제시되지 못하고 있다.On the other hand, in relation to the functionality of salt, a number of effects as ergogenic aids to improve athletes' performance ability have also been demonstrated. It is unquestionable that fatigue is the factor that limits exercise performance when continuing high-intensity exercise for a long time, but the root cause of fatigue-induced process is influenced by various physiological factors. Although the most important of these fatigue-inducing factors is reported as exercise intensity, which is related to individual ability, the most efficient way to delay the onset of fatigue and the factor that improves exercise performance is also by training. It is explained by many researchers. Systematic and regular training will result in cardiovascular and muscle adaptation, which may be useful in making fat use as a source of energy while saving carbohydrates stored in the muscles and liver. The main cause of fatigue when exhausting more than one hour or less than four to five hours is depletion of carbohydrate storage, another factor is dehydration and thermal control under environmental conditions of high temperature and humidity. Problems will cause fatigue. At rest, the body's heat generation is low, but at high rates, metabolic heat generation exceeds 80 kJ / min (20 kcal / min), and highly trained athletes maintain at least 2 hours at this rate. It has been reported. In these high heat generating conditions, sweating to lose heat in the body will result in rapid loss of moisture in the body, which is associated with electrolyte loss, and consequently will limit exercise performance. On the other hand, many studies on nitric oxide (NO) produced during transient exercise have shown that NO produced during exercise regulates coronary and peripheral blood flow and regulates metabolic rate, but is relatively unstable and toxic. Nerve cells containing NOS as free radicals are the excitability of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, muscular dystrophy, and neurological diseases such as stroke, cramps and trauma. It has been reported to be closely related to neurotoxic effects (Thorn et al., 1998; Chabrier & Auguet, 1999). NO is involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and dyskinesia, and activity levels outside the normal range are known to act as toxic to the body, but theoretical mechanisms for the effects of exercise on NO responses are known. It is not clearly presented.
한편, 2001년 발표된 조사결과에 의하면, 우리나라 국민 한 사람이 한해 동안 마신 음료는 1.5L 페트병으로 약 46개에 해당한다. 소비된 음료는 주로 탄산음료였고, 그 외 주스 음료가 주종을 이루는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 기호성이 확실한 틈새 시장의 기타 음료군은 2001년도에 전년 대비 43% 정도의 비약적인 시장 확대가 있었으며, 성장 속도가 탄산 음료나 주스 시장에 비해 훨씬 빠른 것으로 조사되어, 연간 약 2,000억원 규모의 시장으로 성장하고 있다.On the other hand, according to the survey results released in 2001, a single Korean drink drank during the year corresponds to about 46 drinks in 1.5L PET bottles. The beverages consumed were mainly carbonated drinks, and other juice drinks were found to be the dominant drinkers. Meanwhile, other beverage groups in the niche market, which have strong palatability, had a rapid market expansion of 43% compared to the previous year, and the growth rate was much faster than that of the carbonated beverage or juice market. Is growing.
특히, 기타 음료군에 속하는 스포츠 음료는 국제적 행사 및 마케팅에 발맞춰 시장이 대폭 증가하고 있는 추세로, 최근 생활 스포츠에 관한 관심의 증대와 함께 생활 음료로서 자리 매김하고 있다.In particular, the sports beverages belonging to other beverage groups are in a trend that the market is greatly increasing in line with international events and marketing, and has recently established itself as a living beverage with increasing interest in sports.
스포츠 음료는 땀을 많이 흘리는 운동을 하거나, 중노동 또는 더운 환경에서 일하는 사람들에게 체중감소 또는 탈수현상을 막기 위해 체액의 전해질(이온)평형을 유지시켜 주는 전해질 보충음료에서 출발하여 연구 및 생산되고 있다.Sports drinks are researched and produced starting with electrolyte supplements that maintain the electrolyte (ion) equilibrium of body fluids to prevent weight loss or dehydration for people who work sweaty, heavy work or hot environments.
시판되고 있는 대부분의 스포츠음료의 성분을 보면 에너지 보충을 위하여 여러 종류의 당질들을 6 내지 8% 정도 포함하고 있고, 스포츠음료에 포함된 당질의 농도가 8%를 넘게 되면 음료의 장내 흡수 속도가 지연된다는 보고가 있다.Most of the sports drinks on the market contain 6 to 8% of various types of sugars for energy supplementation. When the concentration of sugars in sports drinks exceeds 8%, the rate of intestinal absorption of beverages is delayed. There is a report.
이온보충과 수분보충을 위하여 나트륨, 칼륨, 마그네슘, 칼슘 등 전해질을 함유하고 있으며, 약간의 비타민 C 등도 포함되어 있는 경우도 있다. 또한, 파랑, 노랑, 빨강 등 착색료의 첨가로 시원함을 눈으로 느끼게 하는 스포츠음료들도 있다. 스포츠 음료는 제품의 특성에 따라 당, 전해질 외에도 알긴산, 카르니틴, 타우린 또는 분지아미노산 등을 첨가하여 건강기능성과 근육형성, 운동력의 향상을 도모하기도 한다.It contains electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium for ion replenishment and moisture replenishment. Some vitamin C may also be included. In addition, there are sports drinks that make people feel cool with the addition of blue, yellow, and red colorants. In addition to sugars and electrolytes, sports drinks can be added to alginic acid, carnitine, taurine, or branched amino acids to improve health, muscle formation, and athletic performance.
이와 관련하여, 최근 스포츠 음료의 개발은 기존 이온 음료가 갖는 수분과 전해질의 보급이라는 기본 기능 외에 고기능성 역할이 추가된 고기능성 스포츠 음료와 관련하여 진행되고 있다.In this regard, the recent development of sports drinks is proceeding with respect to the high-performance sports drink with the addition of a high functional role in addition to the basic function of the diffusion of water and electrolytes existing ionic drinks.
상기 고기능성 스포츠 음료와 관련해서 연구방향은 운동 전후 동안의 대량의 신속한 에너지공급이 요구되는 상황에서 에너지원으로 유용한 조성물을 포함하는 음료에 대한 것이다. 이들은 주로 전해질을 주성분으로 하여 포도당, 과당 및 올리고당 등의 감미료와 몇가지 수용성 비타민 또는 아미노산을 첨가한 제품들이다. 즉, 스포츠 음료는 단순히 갈증해소만을 만족시키는 단계에서, 피로회복, 지구력증진을 비롯한 다양한 기능을 확장시킨 스포츠음료들이 개발되고 있다.The research direction with respect to the high-performance sports drink is directed to a beverage containing a composition useful as an energy source in a situation where a large amount of rapid energy supply is required before and after exercise. These products are mainly composed of electrolytes, and include sweeteners such as glucose, fructose and oligosaccharides and some water-soluble vitamins or amino acids. In other words, sports drinks are simply satisfying the thirst quenching, sports drinks that have been developed to expand a variety of functions including fatigue recovery, endurance enhancement.
특히, 최근에 운동과 스포츠 현장에서 영양소와 에너지를 빠르고 간편하게 효율적으로 얻기 위하여 만든 식품인 Ergogenic Adis는 경기력 향상을 위해 보조약물 또는 보조물질로 사용되고 있으나, 단백질보조식품, 탄수화물보조식품 또는 단백동화스테로이드(anabolic steroid)와 같은 근육증강제와 관련하여 위법적일 수 있으므로, 천연물 유래의 스포츠기능성 음료의 개발이 요구되고 있다. In particular, recently, Ergogenic Adis, a food made to quickly and easily obtain nutrients and energy in sports and sports scenes, has been used as supplements or supplements to improve performance. However, protein supplements, carbohydrate supplements or protein steroids ( There is a need for the development of sports functional beverages derived from natural products because they may be illegal in connection with anabolic agents such as anabolic steroids.
본 발명은 무산소성역치 도달시간 및 최대운동지속시간을 측정한 결과, 운동능력 개선 효과가 뛰어나고, 혈압 유지 및 최대운동 시 혈청 Nitric oxide(NO)의 생성 억제 효과로부터 지구력을 증진 및 피로회복 효과가 유도될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 인체에도 무해한 천연물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 스포츠 음료 조성물을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. According to the present invention, as a result of measuring an anaerobic threshold reaching time and maximum exercise duration, the effect of improving exercise ability is excellent, and the endurance and fatigue recovery effect from the effect of inhibiting the production of serum nitric oxide (NO) during blood pressure maintenance and maximum exercise is excellent. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sports beverage composition which can be derived as well as a natural substance that is harmless to the human body.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 자죽염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 스포츠 음료 조성물을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sports drink composition comprising the porridge as an active ingredient.
본 발명의 발명자들은 피로회복 효과가 뛰어나고, 지구력을 증진시킬 수 있는 스포츠 음료 조성물을 인체 안전성이 확보된 천연물 유래의 물질로부터 연구하던 중, 자죽염이 무산소성역치 도달시간 및 최대운동지속시간을 측정한 결과, 운동능력 개선 효과가 뛰어나고, 혈압 유지 및 최대운동 시 혈청 Nitric oxide(NO)의 생성 억제 효과로부터 지구력을 증진 및 피로회복 효과가 유도될 수 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 이를 토대로 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.The inventors of the present invention, while studying a sports drink composition that is excellent in fatigue recovery effect and can improve endurance from a substance derived from natural products, which ensures human safety, the measurement of the duration of the anaerobic threshold reaching and the maximum exercise duration As a result, it was confirmed that the effect of improving the athletic ability, and the effect of inhibiting the production of serum Nitric oxide (NO) at the time of maintaining blood pressure and maximal exercise can be induced endurance and fatigue recovery effect, based on this, to complete the present invention It became.
이하, 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
본 발명에 있어서, 음료란 갈증을 해소하거나 맛을 즐기기 위하여 마시는 것의 총칭을 의미하며, 기능성 음료를 포함하는 의도이다.In the present invention, the drink is a generic term for drinking to quench thirst or to enjoy a taste, and is intended to include a functional drink.
본 발명에 있어서, 기능성 음료란 음료에 물리적, 생화학적 또는 생물공학적 방법등을 이용하여 해당 음료의 기능을 특정 목적에 작용, 발현하도록 부가가치를 부여한 음료 군이나 음료 조성이 갖는 생체방어리듬조절, 질병방지와 회복 등에 관한 체조절기능을 생체에 대하여 충분히 발현하도록 설계하여 가공한 음료를 의미하며, 스포츠 음료를 포함하는 의도이다.In the present invention, a functional beverage is a biological defense rhythm control or disease of a beverage group or a beverage composition which has added value to the beverage by using physical, biochemical or biotechnological methods to act and express the function of the beverage for a specific purpose. It means a beverage that is designed and processed to express fully the gymnastic function related to prevention and recovery to a living body, and is intended to include a sports drink.
본 발명에 있어서, 스포츠 음료란 스포츠 드링크 또는 아이소토닉 음료(isotonic drink)라고도 하며, 운동이나 노동 등으로 인해 체내에 빠져나간 수분과 전해질을 보충해주는 기능성 음료 또는 적절한 수분공급과 에너지원의 부분적인 보충을 목적으로 하여 제조된 당분 및 전해질 등이 포함된 기능성 음료를 의미한다.In the present invention, a sports drink is also called a sports drink or isotonic drink, and a functional drink or a proper supplement of water and an energy source to replenish water and electrolytes that have fallen out of the body due to exercise or labor. It means a functional beverage containing sugar and electrolyte prepared for the purpose.
본 발명은 자죽염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 음료 조성물에 관한 것이다. 상기 음료 조성물은 바람직하게는 기능성 음료 조성물일 수 있고, 더욱 바람직하게는 스포츠 음료 조성물일 수 있다.The present invention relates to a beverage composition comprising porridge salt as an active ingredient. The beverage composition may preferably be a functional beverage composition, more preferably a sports beverage composition.
본 발명에 있어서, 죽염이란 천일염을 왕대나무에 담고 황토로 입구를 봉한 뒤, 철통에 넣어 철성분이 함유되게 장작불로 굽고, 이후 구워진 소금기둥을 잘게 분쇄하여 앞의 방법처럼 재차 구움으로써 제조하는 것을 의미하며, 구워지는 횟수가 거듭될수록 대나무의 죽력 성분이 소금 속으로 스며들어 감로정(甘露精)의 단맛과 깊은 맛을 지니게 된다. In the present invention, bamboo salt is a thing prepared by baking natural wood salt in royal wood, sealing the entrance with ocher, and putting it in an iron barrel and burning it with wood fire to contain iron, and then crushing the grilled salt column finely and baking it again as in the previous method. As the number of roasts is repeated, bamboo's bamboo ingredients penetrate into the salt and have a sweet and deep taste of nectar.
본 발명에 있어서 자죽염이란, 죽염 중에서, 800℃ 내지 1500℃로 9번 굽고, 9회째에는 1500℃ 이상으로 고열 처리하여 구워낸 죽염을 의미하며, 자주빛을 띠는 특징을 갖는다.In the present invention, porridge salt refers to bamboo salt baked 9 times at 800 ° C to 1500 ° C in bamboo salt, baked at high temperature by 1500 ° C or higher at the ninth time, and has a purple color.
상기 자죽염은 자죽염 전체 중량을 기준으로, 염화나트륨 함량이 90 내지 99 중량%이고, 황산 이온이 0.1 내지 0.2 중량%이며, 수분 함량이 0.1 내지 0.15 중량%이고, 불용분 함량이 0.4 내지 0.6 중량%일 수 있고, 바람직하게는 염화나트륨 함량이 93 내지 97 중량%이고, 황산 이온이 0.11 내지 0.15 중량%이며, 수분 함량이 0.11 내지 0.13 중량%이고, 불용분 함량이 0.45 내지 0.55 중량%일 수 있으며, 추가로 사분, 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn) 및 스트론튬(Sr)을 포함하는 것일 수 있다.The porridge salt has a sodium chloride content of 90 to 99% by weight, a sulfate content of 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, a moisture content of 0.1 to 0.15% by weight, and an insoluble content of 0.4 to 0.6% by weight based on the total weight of the porridge salt. %, Preferably the sodium chloride content is 93 to 97% by weight, the sulfate content is 0.11 to 0.15% by weight, the moisture content is 0.11 to 0.13% by weight, the insoluble content may be 0.45 to 0.55% by weight In addition, it may be one containing four quarters, manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr).
상기 자죽염의 함량은 전체 음료 조성물 대비 0.01중량% 내지 10중량%, 바람직하게는 0.05중량% 내지 5중량%, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.1중량% 내지 2중량%, 더더욱 바람직하게는 0.15중량% 내지 2중량%일 수 있다.The content of the porridge salt is 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably 0.05% to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1% to 2% by weight, still more preferably 0.15% to 2% by weight relative to the total beverage composition Weight percent.
본 발명의 음료 조성물을 이용하여 인체 실험을 한 결과, 무산소성역치 도달시간 및 최대운동지속시간에서 유의한 효과가 있었으며, 혈압을 유지하는데 긍정적인 변화를 나타냄과 동시에, 최대운동 시 혈청 Nitric oxide(NO) 생성을 억제하는 효과가 있음이 확인되었다.As a result of human experiment using the beverage composition of the present invention, there was a significant effect in the time to reach an anaerobic threshold and the maximum exercise duration, and showed a positive change in maintaining blood pressure, and at the same time, serum Nitric oxide ( It was confirmed that there was an effect of inhibiting NO) production.
상기 음료 조성물은 지시된 비율로 필수 성분으로서 상기 자죽염을 유효성분으로 포함하는 것 외에 다른 성분에는 특별한 제한이 없으며, 본 발명의 효과를 유지하는 범위 내에서 통상의 음료와 같이 여러 가지 향미제 또는 천연 탄수화물 등을 추가성분으로서 함유할 수 있다.The beverage composition is not particularly limited to other ingredients other than including the porridge salt as an active ingredient in the indicated proportions as an active ingredient, and various flavoring agents, such as ordinary drinks within the scope of maintaining the effect of the present invention or Natural carbohydrates and the like may be included as additional components.
상기한 향미제는 천연 향미제(타우마틴, 스테비아 추출물(예를 들어 레바우디오시드 A, 글리시르히진 등) 또는 합성 향미제(사카린, 아스파르탐 등)일 수 있 다. 상기의 천연 탄수화물은 모노사카라이드(예를 들어 포도당, 과당 등) 디사카라이드(예를 들어 말토스, 수크로스 등) 및 폴리사카라이드( 덱스트린, 시클로덱스트린 등)과 같은 통상적인 당 또는 당알코올(예를 들어 자일리톨, 소르비톨 또는 에리트리톨 등)일 수 있다. 그밖에 본 발명의 조성물은 여러 가지 영양제, 비타민, 광물(전해질), pH 조절제, 방부제, 탄산화제 또는 안정화제 등을 추가로 포함할 수 있으며, 천연 과일 주스, 과일 쥬스 음료 또는 야채 음료의 제조를 위한 과육을 추가로 함유할 수 있다.The flavoring agent may be a natural flavoring agent (tauumatin, stevia extract (e.g. rebaudioside A, glycyrrhizin, etc.) or a synthetic flavoring agent (saccharin, aspartame, etc.). Silver sugars such as monosaccharides (e.g. glucose, fructose, etc.) disaccharides (e.g. maltose, sucrose, etc.) and polysaccharides (dextrin, cyclodextrin, etc.) Xylitol, sorbitol or erythritol, etc. In addition, the composition of the present invention may further include various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), pH adjusting agents, preservatives, carbonating agents or stabilizers, and natural fruits. It may further contain pulp for the production of juices, fruit juice drinks or vegetable drinks.
상기 추가성분의 비율은 그렇게 중요하지 않지만, 일 예로 본 발명의 유효성분 전체 100 중량부를 기준으로 0 내지 20,000 중량부 범위에서 선택될 수 있다.The ratio of the additional component is not so important, but may be selected from 0 to 20,000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total active ingredient of the present invention.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 자죽염이 포함된 음료 조성물은 현저하게 개선된 지구력 향상 효과 뿐만 아니라, 피로회복 효과와 유산소 운동능력 향상 효과가 있을 뿐만 아니라 인체에 부작용을 발생시키지 않는 천연물 유래 물질로 구성된 것이므로 건강기능식품 특히, 스포츠 음료 조성물로 널리 사용될 수 있다.As described above, the beverage composition containing the porridge salt of the present invention is not only a markedly improved endurance improvement effect, but also a fatigue-reducing effect and aerobic exercise improvement effect as well as a natural-derived material that does not cause side effects to the human body. Since it is composed of health functional food, in particular, it can be widely used as sports beverage composition.
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 기재한다. 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것일 뿐 본 발명의 권리범위가 하기 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. The following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
실시예 1: 유효성분의 제조 Example 1: Preparation of Active Ingredient
본 발명의 유효성분인 자죽염은 전라남도 갯벌에서 7월 또는 8월에 생산된 갯벌 천일염을 전기로에 대나무와 함께 장입하여 반응온도를 900에서 1500℃ 까지 변화 시키며 8회 동안 굽고, 9회 째 1500℃ 이상에서 열처리하여 제조하였다.The porridge salt, an active ingredient of the present invention, was charged in a tidal flat salt produced in July or August in Jeollanam-do tidal flats with bamboo in an electric furnace, changing the reaction temperature from 900 to 1500 ° C., baking for 8 times, and the 9th 1500 ° C. It was prepared by heat treatment in the above.
한편, 상기 자죽염의 성분 검사로 수분함량은 105℃에서 건조시킨 후, 항량시킨 수기를 이용하여 105℃ 조건으로 시료를 건조시키면서, 칭량하는 방법으로 측정하였다.On the other hand, the moisture content in the component test of the porridge salt was measured by a method of drying at 105 ° C. and then drying the sample under 105 ° C. conditions using a weighed hand.
또한, 상기 NaCl 함량은 Mohr 법을 이용하여 측정하였으며, 보다 상세하게는 자죽염 1g을 취한 후, 증류수 100ml로 100배 희석하고 희석한 용액 10ml에 10% K2CrO4를 2내지 3방울 가한 후, 0.1N의 AgNO3로 적정하고 적갈색 침전을 종말점으로 하여 측정하였다.In addition, the NaCl content was measured by using the Mohr method, more specifically, after taking 1 g of sucrose salt, diluting 100 times with 100 ml of distilled water, and adding 2 to 3 drops of 10% K 2 CrO 4 to 10 ml of the diluted solution. , 0.1N AgNO 3 was measured and reddish brown precipitate was measured as an end point.
또한, 총염소는 불용분에서의 시료용액 25ml를 정확히 취하여 중성으로 하고 250ml 메스플라스크에 옮겨 눈금까지 희석 시킨 후, 상기 희석액 25ml를 정확히 비이커에 취하고, 10% 크롬산 칼륨용액 1~2방울을 넣고 0.1N 질산은용액 으로 붉은색의 침전이 나타날 때까지 적정하여 측정하였다.In addition, total chlorine is neutralized by accurately taking 25 ml of the sample solution in an insoluble content and transferring it to a 250 ml volumetric flask and diluting it to the graduated level. Then, 25 ml of the diluted solution is precisely taken into a beaker, and 1 to 2 drops of 10% potassium chromate solution are added. N silver nitrate was measured by titration until a red precipitate appeared.
또한, 불용분량은 식품공전에 기재된 방법에 따라, 측정하였으며, 상기 황산이온은 GF/F Filter와 염산 및 5% BaCl을 이용하여 측정하였다. 또한, 사분은 시료 2~5g을 취해 물 100mL에 용해시키고 염산 10mL를 가한 후 1시간 동안 열판위에서 가열한 후, 실온까지 식힌 후 여과지(5C)로 여과하고 불용분을 염소이온이 검출되지 않을 때까지 물로 씻는다. 미리 항량시킨 도가니(850℃)에서 강열 후 냉각시킨 것에 여과지와 불용분을 옮기고 850℃에서 회화시킨 후 데시게이터에서 실온으 로 냉각시켜 도가니의 무게를 달아 측정하였다. 그 외, 무기질분석은 상기 자죽염을 0.1% 질산을 이용하여 녹인 후 탈 이온수를 이용하여 일정량으로 정용하여 여과하고 원소별 농도를 고려하여 적절하게 희석함으로써 시험용액을 제조하고, 상기 시험용액을atomic absorption spectrophotometer(SpectraAA 220Fs, Varian Co. Ausralia)를 이용하여 측정하였다.In addition, the insoluble content was measured according to the method described in the Food Code, and the sulfate ion was measured using a GF / F Filter, hydrochloric acid and 5% BaCl. In addition, take 2 to 5 g of sample, dissolve in 100 mL of water, add 10 mL of hydrochloric acid, heat on a hotplate for 1 hour, cool to room temperature, filter with filter paper (5C), and insoluble matters when no chlorine ion is detected. Wash with water until. The filter paper and the insoluble content were transferred to the cooled crucible (850 ° C.) after preheating and cooled, and then incubated at 850 ° C., and then cooled to room temperature in a desiccator to weigh the crucible. In addition, in the mineral analysis, the porridge salt was dissolved using 0.1% nitric acid, filtered by definite amount using deionized water, and properly diluted in consideration of the concentration of each element to prepare a test solution, and atomic the test solution. Absorption spectrophotometer (SpectraAA 220Fs, Varian Co. Ausralia) was measured.
상기 측정된 각각의 수치는 하기 표 1에 기재하였다.Each of the measured values is shown in Table 1 below.
[표 1]TABLE 1
(%)Total goat
(%)
(%)moisture
(%)
(%)Insoluble matter
(%)
이온(%)Sulfuric acid
ion(%)
(%)4 minutes
(%)
(mg/kg)arsenic
(mg / kg)
(mg/kg)cadmium
(mg / kg)
(mg/kg)Mercury
(mg / kg)
한편, 상기 자죽염의 RS 용액의 pH와 산화환원전위(Oxidation- Reduction Potential; ORP)는 pH가 10.0 이고, ORP는 -280 mV인 것으로 측정되었다. On the other hand, the pH and Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) of the RS solution of the porridge salt was measured to have a pH of 10.0 and an ORP of -280 mV.
실시예Example 2: 2: 자죽염이Porridge 운동능력에 미치는 효과의 측정 Measuring effect on motor performance
2-1. 피험자 및 2-1. Subject and 자죽염Porridge 섭취 방법 Intake method
본 연구에 참여한 피험자는 대학 대표급 운동선수 8명을 대상으로 하였고, 이들을 1주일 간격으로 자죽염 투여와 비투여를 반복하며 측정하였다. 본 연구에 참여한 피험자들의 연령, 신장, 체중 및 운동경력은 각각 20.88±2.42(세), 181.25±3.85 (cm), 75.91±7.12 (kg) 및 7.63±2.97(년)이었으며, 1주일 간격으로 생체전기저항법 (BIA)으로 측정한 신체구성의 변화는 표 2에 나타내었다.The subjects of this study were eight university-level athletes, and they were measured by repeated administration and non-administration of porphyria at weekly intervals. The age, height, weight, and exercise history of the subjects in this study were 20.88 ± 2.42 (years), 181.25 ± 3.85 (cm), 75.91 ± 7.12 (kg), and 7.63 ± 2.97 (years), respectively. Changes in body composition as measured by electrical resistance method (BIA) are shown in Table 2.
[표 2]TABLE 2
GroupVariables
Group
(kg)BW
(kg)
(ohm)Impedance
(ohm)
(%)% fat
(%)
(kg)FM
(kg)
(kg)FFM
(kg)
(liters)TBW
(liters)
(n=8)Suppl.
(n = 8)
±7.1275.91
± 7.12
±54.41446.63
± 54.41
±3.2617.74
± 3.26
±2.9113.49
± 2.91
±6.3362.43
± 6.33
±4.6645.70
± 4.66
(n=8)Non-suppl.
(n = 8)
±8.1575.93
± 8.15
±51.54446.63
± 51.54
±4.7118.10
± 4.71
±4.3413.94
± 4.34
±6.1562.65
± 6.15
±4.4945.86
± 4.49
p.t-value
p.
0.8920.141
0.892
1.0000.000
1.000
0.8610.179
0.861
0.8120.244
0.812
0.9440.072
0.944
0.9440.071
0.944
BW는 체중이고, FM은 체지방량이며, TBW은 체 수분총 함량이다. 상기 표 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 자죽염을 섭취한 실험군과 자죽염을 섭취하지 않은 대조군 사이에서는 신체구성과 관련된 유의한 변화가 관찰되지 아니하였다.BW is body weight, FM is body fat mass and TBW is body squirt content. As shown in Table 2, no significant changes related to body composition were observed between the experimental group ingested porridge and the control group not ingested porridge.
2-2. 운동부하검사2-2. Exercise load test
상기 자죽염 투여에 대한 인체의 생리생화학적 효과를 평가하기 위해서, 모든 피험자들에게 트레드밀을 이용한 운동부하검사(Graded Exercise Testing; GXT)를 실시하였으며, 검사당일에는 운동검사 2시간 전과 검사 30분전에 자죽염을 2회 재투여 하였다. 자죽염의 투여량은 물 200 ml에 1,500mg을 혼합하여 투여 하였으며, 2회에 걸쳐 총 3,000mg/400ml의 물을 투여 하였다. 모든 피험자들은 1주일 간격으로 2회의 GXT 검사를 실시하였으며, 투여에 따른 심리적 효과를 배제하기 위해서 비슷한 맛의 placebo를 적용하였다. 또한 반복검사에 대한 오염효과를 배제하기 위해서 Counter-balanced design을 적용하여 검사 하였다.In order to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of the human body on the administration of porphyria, all subjects underwent a graded exercise test (GXT) using a treadmill, and 2 hours before and 30 minutes before the test on the day of the test. The porridge was re-administered twice. The dose of porcine salt was administered by mixing 1,500 mg in 200 ml of water, and a total of 3,000 mg / 400 ml of water was administered twice. All subjects underwent two GXT tests at weekly intervals and applied a similar taste of placebo to rule out the psychological effects of dosing. In addition, the counter-balanced design was applied to exclude the contamination effect on the repeated test.
상기 균형설계(counterbalanced design)에 따라 피험자들은 각기 다른 날에 최대운동능력(VO₂peak)의 45%, 60%, 75%의 강도로 운동하였다. 운동내용은 20분간 트레드밀 위에서 달리기를 하는 것이었으며, 운동 전과 후에 상태불안과 혈압을 측 정하여 각 조건간의 변화를 비교하였다. 운동 전의 검사치들을 공변인(covariate)으로 하여 공분산분석(ANCOVA)을 실시한 결과 다음을 관찰하였다. 상태불안에 대한 조건간의 비교에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<.05), Tukey의 사후검정에서는 75%의 운동강도가 60%와 45%보다 유의하게 감소시킨 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 수축혈압도 조건간의 유의한 차이를 보였고(p<.05), 75% 운동강도가 45% 보다 높은 감소를 나타내었다(p<.05). 이 연구는 최대운동능력의 75% 수준으로 운동하는 것이 일반인들의 상태불안을 가장 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있다는 결론을 내렸다. 오직 최대운동능력의 75% 강도에서만 유의하게 나타난 혈압의 감소는 체온상승과 인돌핀(endorphin)상승 가설을 간접적으로 입증하였다.According to the counterbalanced design, subjects exercised at 45%, 60%, and 75% of the intensity of VO₂peak on different days. The exercise contents were run on treadmill for 20 minutes, and state anxiety and blood pressure were measured before and after exercise to compare the changes between each condition. The results of covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used as covariates before the exercise. There was a statistically significant difference (p <.05) in the comparison between conditions for state anxiety, and Tukey's post hoc test showed that the exercise intensity of 75% was significantly lower than that of 60% and 45% (p <.05). ). Contractile blood pressure was also significantly different among the conditions (p <.05) and 75% exercise intensity was higher than 45% (p <.05). This study concluded that exercising at 75% of maximum exercise capacity can most effectively reduce general state anxiety. The decrease in blood pressure, which was significant only at 75% of maximum exercise capacity, indirectly supported the hypothesis of body temperature rise and endorphin rise.
2-3. 최대 운동부하검사(2-3. Maximum exercise load test GXTGXT ) 방법) Way
모든 피험자들을 대상으로 트레드밀을 이용한 최대 운동부하검사 시 최대산소섭취량 (VO2max)과 무산소성역치 (Anaerobic Threshold; AT) 수준을 검사 하였으며, 일주일 간격으로 검사를 반복 수행 하였다. 운동검사를 수행하기 전 실험장비와 절차에 대해 세밀하게 설명 하였으며 트레드밀 적응훈련을 실시하였다. 최대산소섭취량 및 무산소성역치 수준을 결정하기 위한 운동부하 검사는 Bruce protocol을 이용하였으며, 이러한 검사 중 호흡개스분석은 안정시와 운동 전체를 통해서 Medical Graphics (System 2001, U.S.A)를 이용, breath-by-breath 방법으로 측정 하였다. 이와같은 대사분석 시스템은 매 검사마다 3리터 실린지를 이용하여 즉각적으로 보정 (calibration)하여 실시하였다. 산소와 이산화탄소 분석기는 12.00% 산 소, 5.00% 이산화탄소, 이하 질소로 채워진 Calibration gas와 Reference gas를 이용하여 조절 하였으며, 또한 심박수와 혈압의 변화는 심전도 (E.C.G System, Schller, Swiss)와 시스템에 부착된 마이크로 사운드 시스템을 이용하여 지속적으로 분석 하였다. 안정시와 운동 전체를 통해서 측정한 호흡개스 교환 변인은 산소섭취량 (VO2), 이산화탄소 배출량 (VCO2), 환기량 (VE), 산소 및 이산화탄소 당량 (VO2/VE & VCO2/VE), 심박수 (HR), 호흡교환율 (RER) 등을 30초 간격으로 측정, 평균하여 산출 하였다.All subjects were tested for maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and anaerobic threshold (AT) levels during the maximum exercise load test using treadmill. The test was repeated at weekly intervals. Before the exercise test, the experimental equipment and procedures were explained in detail and treadmill adaptive training was performed. The exercise test to determine the maximum oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold levels was carried out by Bruce protocol. Among these tests, breathing gas analysis was performed through the use of Medical Graphics (System 2001, USA) at rest and throughout the exercise. Measured by the -breath method. This metabolic analysis system was calibrated immediately using a 3 liter syringe for each test. Oxygen and carbon dioxide analyzers were calibrated with a calibration gas and reference gas filled with 12.00% oxygen, 5.00% carbon dioxide, or less nitrogen, and changes in heart rate and blood pressure were carried out on the ECG system (ECG System, Schller, Swiss) and the system. The analysis was continued using a micro sound system. Respiratory gas exchange variables measured at rest and throughout exercise included oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide emissions (VCO2), ventilation (VE), oxygen and carbon dioxide equivalents (VO2 / VE & VCO2 / VE), heart rate (HR), Respiratory exchange rate (RER) was measured and averaged at 30 second intervals.
2-4. 2-4. 환기역치Ventilation threshold 수준의 결정방법 How to decide level
본 연구에서 무산소성역치 수준의 결정은 비침해적 방법인 환기역치 수준을 이용 하였으며, V-slope 방법을 고려한 자동화된 컴퓨터 시스템의 탐지방법을 적용하여 결정 하였다. In this study, the determination of anaerobic threshold level was based on the non-invasive method, ventilation threshold level, and the detection method of the automated computer system considering the V-slope method.
2-5. 혈압측정 방법2-5. How to measure blood pressure
피험자 개개인에게 자죽염 투여와 비투여에 따른 혈압의 변화를 평가하기 위해서 수은주 혈압계를 이용 하여 SBP 및 DBP를 측정 하였다. 혈압의 구분은 미국 NIH (National Institute of Health) 기준치를 참조 (NIH, 1993)하였으며, 안정시와 자죽염 투여 20분후, 최대운동직후 1분 이내 및 회복30분에 각각 동일한 방법으로 측정 하였다. SBP and DBP were measured by using a mercury-based blood pressure monitor to evaluate the change in blood pressure according to the administration and non-administration of porphyria. For blood pressure classification, refer to the National Institute of Health (NIH, 1993) standard, and measured by the same method at rest and 20 minutes after strutitis administration, within 1 minute immediately after the maximum exercise, and 30 minutes after recovery.
2-5. 채혈 및 2-5. Blood collection NitricNitric oxideoxide (( NONO ) 분석 방법Analysis method
모든 피험자들의 혈액을 채혈하기 위하여 실험실에 도착 후 충분한 휴식을 취한 상태에서 안정시 채혈을 실시하였으며, 자죽염 투여 20분후에 채혈을 실시하였다. 이후 Bruce protocol을 이용한 점증적 운동부하 검사 중 피험자가 탈진에 도달하여 더 이상의 운동수행이 불가능하다고 판단될 때, 즉각적으로 운동을 종료시키고 안정시와 동일한 방법으로 운동직후 채혈을 실시하였으며, 회복 30분경과시 동일한 방법으로 채혈 하였다. 피험자들의 채혈은 12시간 이상 공복을 유지한 상태에서 안정시, 투여 20분후, 운동직후 및 회복30분에 실시하였으며, 1회용 실린지를 이용하여 피험자의 전완정맥 (Forearm vein)에서 약 5 ml의 혈액을 채혈 하였다. 채혈된 혈액샘플은 원심분리기 (Centrifuge, Hanil 5000, Korea)를 이용하여 3,000 Xg에서 15분동안 원심분리 하였으며, 분리된 상층액을 Eppendorf tube 에 옮긴 후 분석때까지 -700c 가 유지된 냉동고에 냉동보관 하였다.In order to collect the blood of all the subjects, the blood was collected at the resting state with sufficient rest after arriving at the laboratory. Then, when the subject reached exhaustion during the incremental exercise load test using Bruce protocol and judged that it was impossible to perform any more exercise, he immediately finished the exercise and performed blood collection immediately after exercise in the same way as at rest. Blood was collected in the same manner. Subjects' blood collection was performed at rest, 20 minutes after administration, 20 minutes after exercise, and 30 minutes after recovery with fasting for more than 12 hours, and about 5 ml of blood in the subject's forearm vein using a disposable syringe. Blood was collected. The collected blood samples were centrifuged at 3,000 Xg for 15 minutes using a centrifuge (Centrifuge, Hanil 5000, Korea) .The separated supernatants were transferred to an Eppendorf tube and stored in a freezer maintained at -700c until analysis. It was.
Nitric Oxide (NO) 분석 방법은 0.1% Naphthlene-diaminedihydrochloride 와 1% Sulfanlamide in 5% phosphoric acid를 1:1로 혼합한 Griess 시약을 샘플과 1:1로 혼합하고 실온에서 빛을 차단한 상태로 15분간 보관한 후, ELAISA (Molecular Device E Max, U.S.A)를 이용하여 파장 540 nm에서 흡광도를 측정하여 산출 하였다. Nitric Oxide 분석절차는 Dawson & Dawson (1995)이 제시한 Griss assay(1879)를 이용 하였다.The Nitric Oxide (NO) assay was performed by mixing Griess reagent 1: 1 with 0.1% Naphthlene-diaminedihydrochloride and 1% Sulfanlamide in 5% phosphoric acid in a 1: 1 mixture with the sample and blocking light at room temperature for 15 minutes. After storage, absorbance was calculated by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength of 540 nm using an ELAISA (Molecular Device E Max, USA). Nitric Oxide analysis was performed using Griss assay (1879) presented by Dawson & Dawson (1995).
2-6. 자료처리방법2-6. Data processing method
본 연구의 자료처리 방법은 SPSS 통계 프로그램 (v. 12.01)을 이용 하였으며, 모든 자료에 대해 평균과 표준편차 (Mean and SD)를 산출 하였다. 자죽염 투여와 비투여에 따른 전후간 차이를 비교하기 위해서 Paired sample t-test를 적용 하였으며, 각각의 실험에 대해 운동의 시간경과에 따른 차이를 비교하기 위해서 이원변량분석(Two-way ANOVA by group X time)을 적용 하였다. 본 연구에 대한 유의수준은 p<0.05 수준에서 검증 하였다.SPSS statistical program (v. 12.01) was used to calculate the mean and standard deviation (Mean and SD) for all data. The paired sample t-test was applied to compare the difference between before and after the administration of porphyrinitis and two-way ANOVA by group. X time) was applied. The significance level for this study was verified at p <0.05 level.
2-7. 결과분석2-7. Result Analysis
본 연구에서는 고도로 훈련된 대학 운동선수들에게 자죽염의 일시적 섭취에 따른 효과를 평가하기 위해서 1주일 간격으로 반복 실험을 실시하였으며, 이에 따른 호흡 순환기능의 변화는 표 3에 나타내었다.In this study, repeated experiments were conducted at weekly intervals in order to evaluate the effects of temporary intake of streptococcal disease on highly trained college athletes.
[표 3][Table 3]
상기 표 3에 나타낸 바와 같이, 자죽염 투여와 비투여에 따른 체중당 산소섭취량 (VO2, ml/kg/min), 절대치 산소섭취량 (VO2, ml/min), 이산화탄소배출량 (VCO2, ml/min), 호흡교환율 (RER, ratio), 호흡빈도수 (RR), 환기량 (VE, l/min), 산소당량(VE/VO2), 이산화탄소당량 (VE/VCO2), 심박수 (HR, beat/min) 및 환기역치에 대한 상대적 운동강도 (%VT/VO2max)는 안정시 (Rest)와 환기역치 수준 (VT) 및 최대상태 (Max)에서 투여와 비투여 간에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 전신의 지구력을 반영해주는 무산소성역치 도달시간(VT time; p<0.05) 및 최대 운동지속시간 (Max time; p<0.05)은 자죽염 섭취에 따라 유의하게 증가된 수준을 나타냄으로서 운동전 자죽염 섭취가 운동선수들의 심폐지구력을 향상시키는 효 과를 나타내었다. 장시간 높은강도의 운동을 지속할 때 운동수행능력을 제한시키는 요인이 피로 (fatigue)라는 것은 의심할 바 없으나, 피로가 유발되는 원인은 탄수화물 저장량의 고갈, 실내온도와 습도가 높은 환경적 조건하에서 탈수 (dehydration)와 열 조절 (Thermoregulatory problem)문제가 피로의 원인이 될 것이다. 체내의 열을 손실시키기 위한 땀(sweating)은 전해질 손실과 함께 신체의 수분을 급속하게 손실시키는 결과가 되며, 결과적으로 운동수행능력을 제한시키게 된다. 현재 연구에서 이용한 자죽염은 장시간 운동 시 전해질 손실로 인한 불균형을 조절함으로서 피로를 지연시키는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이며, 만약 이러한 문제에 도움이 된다면 운동수행 시 발현되는 생리적 기능변화에 영향을 미칠 것이다. 운동 전 또는 운동 중 음료(Fluid)의 섭취에 대한 목적은 크게 두 가지로 설명되는데, 첫째는 신체에 제한적으로 저장되는 탄수화물 연료 원을 공급하는 것이며, 둘째는 땀으로 손실되는 전해질과 수분을 공급하기 위한 것이다. 이러한 요인은 운동수행 중 피로와 관련성을 가지면서 운동수행능력을 제한시키는 요인이 되는데 본 연구에서 운동 전 자죽염의 투여는 전해질 불균형으로 발생되는 문제를 부분적으로 해결해 줌으로서 트레드밀 운동 시 무산소성역치 도달시간(VT time; p<0.05) 및 최대 운동지속시간(Max time; p<0.05)을 증가시키는 중요한 원인이 되었을 것으로 사료된다.As shown in Table 3, oxygen intake per body weight (VO2, ml / kg / min), absolute oxygen intake (VO2, ml / min), carbon dioxide emissions (VCO2, ml / min) according to the administration and non-administration of porridge salt , Respiratory exchange rate (RER, ratio), respiratory frequency (RR), ventilation (VE, l / min), oxygen equivalent (VE / VO2), carbon dioxide equivalent (VE / VCO2), heart rate (HR, beat / min) and The relative exercise intensity (% VT / VO2max) relative to the ventilation threshold was not significantly different between administration and non-administration at rest, ventilation threshold level (VT) and maximum state (Max). However, VT time (p <0.05) and Max time (p <0.05), which reflect the endurance of the whole body, were significantly increased with the intake of porridge. Intake of bamboo salt has been shown to improve the cardiopulmonary endurance of athletes. It is unquestionable that fatigue is the factor that limits exercise performance when continuing high intensity exercise for a long time, but causes of fatigue are depletion of carbohydrate storage, dehydration under environmental conditions with high temperature and humidity. (dehydration) and thermal control problems (Thermoregulatory problem) will cause fatigue. Sweating to lose heat in the body results in a rapid loss of body moisture along with electrolyte loss, which in turn limits exercise performance. The porridge used in the present study may play an important role in delaying fatigue by controlling the imbalance caused by electrolyte loss during prolonged exercise, and if this helps, it may affect the physiological changes that occur during exercise. There are two main goals for the intake of fluids before or during exercise: first, to provide a limited source of carbohydrate fuel for the body, and second, to provide electrolytes and moisture lost to sweat. It is for. These factors are related to fatigue during exercise and limit exercise performance. In this study, the administration of strutitis before exercise partially solved the problem caused by electrolyte imbalance, thus achieving anoxic threshold during treadmill exercise. It is thought that this may be an important cause of increasing the VT time (p <0.05) and the maximum time duration (p <0.05).
또한, 운동전 RS 투여와 비투여에 따른 최대운동부하 시 수축기 (SBP) 및 이완기혈압 (DBP)의 변화를 도 1 및 도 2에 나타내었다.In addition, changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the maximum exercise load according to pre-exercise RS administration and non-administration are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
상기 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, SBP의 변화는 양 집단 모두에서 투여 전(rest) vs. 최대운동직후(after exercise)에서 유의하게 증가된 수준을 나타내었으며, 회복 30분 (30min rec.)에서 감소를 나타냄으로서 최대운동직후 vs. 회복 30분간에 각각 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(suppl. p<0.01; non-suppl. p<0.001). 그러나 안정시와, 투여 20분후, 최대운동직후 및 회복30분에서 RS 투여와 비투여 간에 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다.As shown in FIG. 1, the change in SBP was increased in both groups before and after rest. Significantly increased levels were observed after the maximum exercise and decreased after 30 minutes of recovery (30 min rec.). Significant differences were noted at 30 min of recovery (suppl. P <0.01; non-suppl. P <0.001). However, there was no significant difference between RS administration and non-administration at rest, 20 minutes after administration, immediately after maximal exercise, and 30 minutes for recovery.
상기 도 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, DBP의 경우에도 양처지 간 투여전(rest) vs. 최대운동직후 (after exercise) 및 회복 30분 (30min rec.)에서 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 집단간에도 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 운동전 RS 섭취가 혈압에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 의미하는 것이다. 일반적으로 운동 중에는 운동강도에 따른 차이는 있으나 SBP가 크게 증가되며 운동 후에는 오히려 운동전 보다 혈압이 더욱 감소되는 경향을 나타내는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 운동 후 혈압강하 현상은 2-4시간 유지되는 것으로 알려져 있는데 이는 교감신경계의 활성 감소 , 혈관내피세포의 혈관확장 물질 분비 증가 및 혈관 수축물질에 대한 반응 감소 등이 원인인 것으로 보고되고 있다. 과량의 염분 섭취가 고혈압의 발생 및 유지에 관여할 것이라는 근거는 많은 연구와 역학적 조사 및 임상적인 경험에서 비롯되었으나 보고된 결과가 일관성이 없으며, 또한 사람에 따라 염분섭취에 대한 혈압의 민감성 즉, salt sensitivity 가 차이가 있으며, 오히려 지나친 저염식에 따른 부작용이 적지 않게 보고된 바 있다.As shown in FIG. 2, even in the case of DBP, rest vs. There was no significant difference after 30 minutes (30 min rec.) And after exercise, and there was no significant difference between groups. These results indicate that pre-exercise RS intake does not affect blood pressure. In general, there is a difference in exercise intensity during exercise, but the SBP is greatly increased and it is reported that after exercise, blood pressure decreases more than before exercise. It is known that the blood pressure drop after exercise is maintained for 2-4 hours due to decreased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, increased secretion of vasodilators of vascular endothelial cells, and decreased response to vasoconstrictors. The evidence that excessive salt intake is involved in the development and maintenance of hypertension has been derived from many studies, epidemiologic investigations, and clinical experience, but the reported results are inconsistent, and the sensitivity of blood pressure to salt intake in humans, namely salt There is a difference in sensitivity, and many side effects due to excessive low salt have been reported.
한편, 자죽염 투여 여부에 따른 혈청 NO농도를 나타낸 도 3에 나타낸 바와 같이, 자죽염 투여 집단의 혈청 NO 농도는 안정시에 비해 투여 20분후 뚜렷한 변화 가 없었으며, 최대 운동직후 및 회복 30분에서도 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 비투여집단의 경우 안정시에 비해 투여20분후에는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 최대운동직후 크게 증가된 수준을 나타내어 회복 30분과 유의한 차이(p<0.01)를 나타내었으며, 이러한 결과로서 최대운동직후 (after exercise)에서 투여와 비투여 집단 간에 유의한 차이(p<0.01)를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 운동전 자죽염 섭취가 최대운동 시 증가된 혈청 NO 생성을 억제한다는 것을 의미하는 것이다. NO는 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS)에 의해 L-arginine 으로부터 생성된다. NO는 임상적으로 중요한 의미가 있는 생물학적 매개체로서 세포내 역할이 밝혀지고 있으며, NO의 두 가지 주요한 생리학적 기능은 세포와 세포의 신호 전달기능과 세포 독성활성(cytotoxicity)임이 증명 되고 있다. 즉, 백혈구로부터 암세포, 기생충 또는 박테리아를 죽이는 세포 독성활성이 NO를 유리시킴으로서 이루어지며, 혈관 내피세포 의존성 혈관확장 물질들이 해당 수용체와 결합한 후 혈관 평활근을 이완시키는 작용을 매개하며, 중추신경계에서 신경전달 물질로서 메신저 역할이 증명되고 있을 뿐만 아니라 강력한 혈소판 응집 억제작용이 있음이 보고 되고 있다. 이러한 두 가지 기능 중 NO 가 어떤 기능을 할 것인가는 다양한 종류의 Nitric oxide synthase(NOS) 로부터 NO가 유리되는 역학 및 표적세포에서 이러한 물질을 어떻게 다루는가에 의존 되어 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서 증명된 자죽염 투여에 따른 최대운동 시 혈청 NO 생성억제 효과는 선행연구에서도 일관성 있게 보고된 바 있다. 이러한 결과는 최대 운동 시 증가된 NO 와 마찬가지로 동물세포에서 NO 의 생성이 고혈압, 동맥경화증, 당뇨병 및 운동장애와 같은 여러 가지 질환의 병태생리에 관 여함으로서 정상범위를 벗어난 활성수준은 체내 독성으로 작용하며, 반응성 산소종 (ROS) 과 함께 조직손상에 주원인이 되기 때문에 이를 예방할 수 있는 중요한 요인으로 제안될 수 있을 것이다.On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3 showing the serum NO concentration according to the administration of porridge, the serum NO concentration of the porphyrin administration group did not change significantly 20 minutes after administration compared to the stable, even after the maximum exercise and
그러나 또 다른 측면에서 혈관내피세포에서 생성된 NO는 혈관확장 이완기전에 작용하여 혈압상승을 억제시킬 수 있는 요인으로 보고되고 있다. NO는 혈관내피세포 확장인자(Endothelium-derived relaxing factor; EDRF)로서 nitric oxide synthase 에 의해 L-arginine 으로부터 합성되는데, 뇌형(brain NOS; bNOS), 내피세포형(endothelial constitutive NOS; eNOS) 및 유도형(inducible NOS; iNOS) 등의 동위효소 중 eNOS 가 혈관내피세포의 NO 생성에 관여하는 것으로 설명되며, 이는 NOS에 관련된 유전자가 없는 실험동물에서 고혈압 증상이 유도되었기 때문인 것으로 보고되고 있다. However, in another aspect, NO produced by vascular endothelial cells has been reported as a factor that can suppress blood pressure rise by acting before vasodilation relaxation. NO is synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase as an Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), which is a brain NOS (bNOS), an endothelial constitutive NOS (eNOS), and an inducible type. Among the isoenzymes such as inducible NOS (iNOS), eNOS is described as being involved in NO production of vascular endothelial cells, which is reported to be due to the induction of hypertension symptoms in experimental animals without the gene associated with NOS.
제조예Production Example : 스포츠 음료 조성물: Sports Drink Composition
자죽염 800 ㎎ Porridge 800 mg
당밀(78 brix) 4 g4 g of molasses (78 brix)
염화나트륨 1 g 1 g of sodium chloride
흑설탕 60 g 60 g brown sugar
구연산나트륨(Na3Citrate 2H2O) 450 ㎎ Sodium citrate (Na 3 Citrate 2H 2 O) 450 mg
구연산칼륨(K3Ciitrate H2O) 460 ㎎ Potassium Citrate (K 3 Ciitrate H 2 O) 460 mg
염화칼슘(CaCl2 2H2O) 70 ㎎ Calcium chloride (CaCl 2 2H 2 O) 70 mg
염화마그네슘(MgCl2 6H2O) 90 ㎎ Magnesium Chloride (MgCl 2 6H 2 O) 90 mg
상기의 전해질의 종류 및 함량은 비교적 스포츠 음료에 적합한 성분 및 함량을 바람직한 실시예로 혼합 조성하였지만, 그 종류 및 배합비는 임의로 변형 실시하여도 무방하며, 통상의 스포츠 음료 제조방법에 따라 상기의 성분을 혼합하여 제조할 수 있다.Although the type and content of the electrolyte are mixed and formulated in a preferred embodiment, the ingredients and contents are relatively suitable for sports drinks, but the types and blending ratios may be arbitrarily modified. It can be prepared by mixing.
도 1은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 자죽염의 섭취에 따른 최대운동부하시 수축기(SBP)의 혈압 변화를 나타낸 그래프이다. 상기 도에서 suppl은 자죽염 섭취군이고, non-suppl은 자죽염을 섭취하지 않은 대조군이다.1 is a graph showing the change in blood pressure of the systolic (SBP) at the maximum exercise load according to the intake of porridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, suppl is a suicidal intake group, and non-suppl is a control group not ingesting suicidalitis.
도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 자죽염의 섭취에 따른 최대운동부하시 이완기(DBP)의 혈압 변화를 나타낸 그래프이다. 상기 도에서 suppl은 자죽염 섭취군이고, non-suppl은 자죽염을 섭취하지 않은 대조군이다.Figure 2 is a graph showing the change in blood pressure of the diastolic (DBP) at the maximum exercise load in accordance with the intake of porridge, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, suppl is a suicidal intake group, and non-suppl is a control group not ingesting suicidalitis.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 자죽염의 섭취에 따른 혈청 NO 농도의 변화를 비교한 것이다. 상기 도에서 suppl은 자죽염 섭취군이고, non-suppl은 자죽염을 섭취하지 않은 대조군이다.Figure 3 compares the change in serum NO concentration according to the intake of porridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, suppl is a suicidal intake group, and non-suppl is a control group not ingesting suicidalitis.
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