JPWO2006137162A1 - ハニカム構造体、ハニカム構造体集合体及びハニカム触媒 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体、ハニカム構造体集合体及びハニカム触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2006137162A1 JPWO2006137162A1 JP2007522181A JP2007522181A JPWO2006137162A1 JP WO2006137162 A1 JPWO2006137162 A1 JP WO2006137162A1 JP 2007522181 A JP2007522181 A JP 2007522181A JP 2007522181 A JP2007522181 A JP 2007522181A JP WO2006137162 A1 JPWO2006137162 A1 JP WO2006137162A1
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- Prior art keywords
- honeycomb structure
- honeycomb
- catalyst
- specific surface
- surface area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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Images
Classifications
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- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
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- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24744—Longitudinal or transverse tubular cavity or cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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Abstract
Description
Y≧250×X+22500(50≦X≦85)
を満たすことを特徴とする。これにより、排ガスと触媒成分とを十分に接触させて排ガスを効率よく浄化することが可能なハニカム構造体を提供することができる。
Y≧250×X+22500(50≦X≦85)
を満たすものである。これにより、排ガスと触媒成分とを十分に接触させて排ガスを効率よく浄化することができる。
S=A/100×B×C
から求めることができる。なお、単位体積当たりの比表面積は、ハニカム構造体の見かけ体積当たりの比表面積のことをいう。
[実施例1]
まず、セラミック粒子としての、γアルミナ粒子(平均粒径2μm)40重量部、無機繊維としての、シリカ−アルミナ繊維(平均繊維径10μm、平均繊維長100μm)10重量部、無機バインダの原料としての、シリカゾル(固体濃度30重量%)50重量部を混合し、得られた混合物100重量部に対して、有機バインダとしての、メチルセルロース6重量部、可塑剤及び潤滑剤を少量加えて、さらに混合、混練して混合組成物を得た。次に、この混合組成物を押出成形機により押出成形を行い、生の成形体を得た。そして、マイクロ波乾燥機及び熱風乾燥機を用いて生の成形体を十分乾燥させ、400℃で2時間保持して脱脂した。その後、800℃で2時間保持して焼成を行い、角柱状(34.3mm×34.3mm×150mm)、セル密度が62個/cm2(400cpsi)、壁厚が0.25mmのハニカム構造体を得た。図3に、このハニカム構造体の壁面の電子顕微鏡(SEM)写真を示す。
実施例1と同様の配合比率の出発原料を用い、表1に示した条件で実施例1と同様の工程を行い、ハニカム構造体をそれぞれ得た。実施例1と同様の方法でこれらのハニカム構造体に触媒成分の担持を行い、ハニカム触媒をそれぞれ得た。
[比較例18]
貫通孔内部に触媒担持層であるアルミナを形成させている、市販の円柱状(直径143.8mm、長さ150mm)のコージェライトハニカム構造体を角柱状(34.3mm×34.3mm×150mm)になるように切断した。次に、実施例1と同様の方法でこのハニカム構造体に触媒成分の担持を行い、ハニカム触媒を得た。なお、セル形状は六角形であり、壁厚は0.25mm、開口率は56%、セル密度は、62個/cm2(400cpsi)であった。
[比表面積測定]
触媒成分を担持する前のハニカム構造体の単位体積当たりの比表面積の測定を行った。まずハニカム構造体の貫通孔の体積を除いたハニカム構造体を構成する材料が占める体積を求め、ハニカム構造体全体の体積(外形の体積)に対して、ハニカム構造体の材料が占める割合A(体積%)を計算した。次に、ハニカム構造体の単位重量当たりのBET比表面積B(m2/g)を測定した。BET比表面積は、BET測定装置MicromeriticsフローソーブII−2300(島津製作所社製)を用いて、日本工業規格で定められるJIS−R−1626(1996)に準じて1点法により測定した。測定には、円柱形状の小片(直径15mm、長さ15mm)に切り出したサンプルを用いた。そして、ハニカム構造体の見かけ密度C(g/L)をハニカム構造体の重量と外形の体積から計算し、ハニカム構造体の単位体積当たりの比表面積S(m2/L)を前述の式(2)から求めた。なお、ハニカム構造体の単位体積当たりの比表面積とこのハニカム構造体に触媒成分を担持させたハニカム触媒の単位体積当たりの比表面積とは略同じ値を示した。
[ライトオフ温度測定]
ライトオフ温度とは、排ガスに含まれる特定の成分の濃度が触媒によって減少した割合を浄化率とした時に、浄化率が50%を示す時の反応温度をいう。このライトオフ温度が低ければ、それだけエネルギーを加えることなく、排ガス成分を浄化できるといえるため、ライトオフ温度が低いハニカム触媒は、高い触媒性能を有するといえ、ハニカム触媒の触媒性能を表す指標として用いることができる。ここで、ライトオフ温度の測定方法について説明する。この測定は、図4に示した触媒反応装置20を用いて行うことができる。触媒反応装置20は、空気と窒素からなる希釈ガス供給部21と、この希釈ガスをハニカム構造体まで流通させる流通経路22と、希釈ガスに加湿する加湿器23と、希釈ガスを加熱するヒーター24と、加熱された希釈ガスに排ガス成分を混合して反応ガスとして調整するガス混合器25と、ハニカム構造体を気密状態に保持するサンプルホルダ26と、ハニカム構造体に接触する前の反応ガスをサンプリングするガスサンプラー27と、ハニカム構造体に接触した後の反応ガスをサンプリングするガスサンプラー28と、反応ガスに含まれる特定のガス成分の濃度を分析するガス分析計29とから構成されている。
浄化率=(C0−Ci)/C0×100
より求めた。
[評価結果]
図5Aに、実施例1及び比較例18の一酸化炭素(CO)の反応温度と浄化率との関係を表す測定結果を示し、図5Bに、実施例1及び比較例18の炭化水素(HC)の反応温度と浄化率との関係を表す測定結果を示す。図5Aに示すように、実施例1では、ある温度を超えると急激に浄化率が向上し、140℃で浄化率が100%を示した。これに対し、比較例18では、急激に浄化率が向上することはなく、浄化率が100%を示す温度も実施例1に比べ高い温度であった。また、図5Bに示すように、炭化水素においても同様の傾向を示した。したがって、より低温で一酸化炭素や炭化水素を浄化することができることから、実施例1の触媒性能が高いことがわかる。なお、図中の点線矢印で示すようにライトオフ温度を求め、その他のサンプルについても同様にライトオフ温度を求めた。
[ハニカム構造体集合体]
γアルミナ粒子(平均粒径2μm)29重量部、シリカ−アルミナ繊維(平均繊維径10μm、平均繊維長100μm)7重量部、シリカゾル(固体濃度30重量%)34重量部、カルボキシメチルセルロース5重量部及び水25重量部を混合し、耐熱性のシール材ペーストとした。このシール材ペーストを用いて触媒成分を担持させる前のハニカム構造体を複数接合させてハニカム構造体集合体を作製した。図6に、貫通孔を有する面から見たハニカム構造体11を複数接合させた接合体の概念図を示す。この接合体は、上述したハニカム構造体11の外周壁13にシール材層14の厚さが1mmとなるようにシール材ペーストを塗布し、ハニカム構造体11を複数接合固定化させたものである。このように接合体を作製し、接合体の正面が略点対称になるように、ダイヤモンドカッターを用いてこの接合体を円柱状に切断し、貫通孔12を有しない円形の外表面に上述のシール材ペーストを0.5mm厚となるように塗布し、外表面をコーティングした。その後、120℃で乾燥を行い、700℃で2時間保持してシール材層及びコーティング材層の脱脂を行い、円柱状(直径143.8mm、長さ150mm)のハニカム構造体集合体10を得た(図1B参照)。そして、実施例1と同様の方法でこれらのハニカム構造体集合体10に触媒成分の担持を行い、触媒成分を担持したハニカム構造体集合体を得た。
Claims (11)
- 多数の貫通孔が隔壁を隔てて長手方向に並設されたハニカム構造体であって、
該隔壁の厚さは、0.25mm以下であり、
該貫通孔の長さは、該貫通孔の水力直径の50倍以上350倍以下であり、
該貫通孔に垂直な断面の開口率をX(%)、単位体積当たりの比表面積をY(m2/L)とした場合に、式
Y≧250×X+22500(50≦X≦85)
を満たすことを特徴とするハニカム構造体。 - 前記隔壁の厚さは、0.10mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- セラミック粒子及び無機バインダを含む混合物を用いて製造されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記混合物は、固形分として、前記セラミック粒子を30重量%以上90重量%以下含有すると共に、前記無機バインダを5重量%以上50重量%以下含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 単位体積当たりの比表面積が35000m2/L以上70000m2/L以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体がシール材層を介して複数個結束されていることを特徴とするハニカム構造体集合体。
- 前記シール材層の厚さは、0.5mm以上2mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のハニカム構造体集合体。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体に触媒成分が担持されていることを特徴とするハニカム触媒。
- 請求項6又は7に記載のハニカム構造体集合体に触媒成分が担持されていることを特徴とするハニカム触媒。
- 前記触媒成分は、貴金属、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び酸化物からなる群より選択される1種以上の成分を含有することを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載のハニカム触媒。
- 車両の排ガス浄化に用いられることを特徴とする請求項8乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム触媒。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100471570C (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
US8110274B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 |
US20060292340A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
EP1736643A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
CN101048230A (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
WO2006137162A1 (ja) | 2006-12-28 |
JP5042824B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
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