JPH031330B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH031330B2 JPH031330B2 JP61162196A JP16219686A JPH031330B2 JP H031330 B2 JPH031330 B2 JP H031330B2 JP 61162196 A JP61162196 A JP 61162196A JP 16219686 A JP16219686 A JP 16219686A JP H031330 B2 JPH031330 B2 JP H031330B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lactic acid
- lactide
- glycolic acid
- copolymer
- copolymers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical group CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical group OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001606 poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 9
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 4511-42-6 Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-lactic acid Chemical compound C[C@H](O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbon monoxide Chemical compound [C]=C=O VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical class C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013266 extended drug release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013265 extended release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0024—Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/1641—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, poloxamers
- A61K9/1647—Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
- A61K9/204—Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7007—Drug-containing films, membranes or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D319/10—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes
- C07D319/12—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes not condensed with other rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- C08G63/08—Lactones or lactides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S930/00—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/01—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/28—Bound to a nonpeptide drug, nonpeptide label, nonpeptide carrier, or a nonpeptide resin
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、ポリ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）
ポリマーの製造法に関する。
ポリマーの製造法に関する。
単一投与による延長された期間にわたる一定の
薬剤の連続的放出は、臨床上では実際に重要な利
点を有し、既に組成物が開発されて、経口投与
〔例えばレミントンズ・フアーマソイテイカル・
サイエンスズ（Remington's Pharmaceutical
Sciences）、マツク（Mack）出版社版、米国、
ペンシルバニア、イートン在、第15版、1975年、
第1618〜1631頁参照〕、非経口投与（同書、第
1631〜1643頁）及び局所的投与（例えば英国特許
第1351409号明細書参照）によつて、多くの臨床
上有用な薬剤の延長された放出が得られた。非経
口投与の適当な方法は皮下注射又は固体、例えば
薬剤を含有するペレツト又はフイルムの挿入であ
り、かかる多くの挿入することのできる調合物が
記載されている。実際に多くの薬剤に対して延長
された薬剤の放出を得る適当な挿入することので
きる調合物は、薬剤を生減成するポリマーに装入
する、か又は薬剤をかかるポリマーマトリツクス
に分散させて得ることができ、それ故薬剤はポリ
マーマトリツクスの減成が進行するにつれて放出
されることは公知である。
薬剤の連続的放出は、臨床上では実際に重要な利
点を有し、既に組成物が開発されて、経口投与
〔例えばレミントンズ・フアーマソイテイカル・
サイエンスズ（Remington's Pharmaceutical
Sciences）、マツク（Mack）出版社版、米国、
ペンシルバニア、イートン在、第15版、1975年、
第1618〜1631頁参照〕、非経口投与（同書、第
1631〜1643頁）及び局所的投与（例えば英国特許
第1351409号明細書参照）によつて、多くの臨床
上有用な薬剤の延長された放出が得られた。非経
口投与の適当な方法は皮下注射又は固体、例えば
薬剤を含有するペレツト又はフイルムの挿入であ
り、かかる多くの挿入することのできる調合物が
記載されている。実際に多くの薬剤に対して延長
された薬剤の放出を得る適当な挿入することので
きる調合物は、薬剤を生減成するポリマーに装入
する、か又は薬剤をかかるポリマーマトリツクス
に分散させて得ることができ、それ故薬剤はポリ
マーマトリツクスの減成が進行するにつれて放出
されることは公知である。
持続放出の調合物に使用するために適当な生減
成するポリマーは公知であり、生理学的水性環境
に入れると加水分解によつて徐々に減成するポリ
エステルを包含する。使用した特別のポリエステ
ルはヒドロキシカルボン酸から誘導されたポリエ
ステルであり、多くの文献はα−ヒドロキシカル
ボン酸、殊にセラミ形及び光学活性の乳酸及びグ
リコール酸から誘導されたポリマー及びそのコー
ポリマーに関する−例えば米国特許第3773919号
明細書及び第3887699号明細書；ジヤツカニツ
（Jackanicz）その他、コントラセプシヨン
（Contraception）、1973年、第８巻、第227〜234
頁；アンダーソン（Anderson）その他、同書、
1976年、第11巻、第375〜384頁；ワイズ（Wise）
その他、ライフ・サイエンセズ（Life
Sciences）、1976年、第19巻、第867〜874頁；ウ
ードランド（Woodland）その他、ジヤーナル・
オブ・メデイカル・ケミストリー（Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry）、1973年、第16巻、第897
〜901頁；ヨーレス（Yolles）その他、ブチレ
ン・オブ・ザ・パレンテラル・ドラグ・アソシエ
ーシヨン（Bulletin of the Parenteral Drug
Association）、1976年、第30巻、第306〜312頁；
ワイズ（Wize）その他、ジヤーナル・オブ・フ
アマシー・アンド・フアマコロジー（Journal of
Pharmacy and Pharmacology）、1978年、第30
巻、第686〜689頁及び1979年、第31巻、第201〜
204頁参照。
成するポリマーは公知であり、生理学的水性環境
に入れると加水分解によつて徐々に減成するポリ
エステルを包含する。使用した特別のポリエステ
ルはヒドロキシカルボン酸から誘導されたポリエ
ステルであり、多くの文献はα−ヒドロキシカル
ボン酸、殊にセラミ形及び光学活性の乳酸及びグ
リコール酸から誘導されたポリマー及びそのコー
ポリマーに関する−例えば米国特許第3773919号
明細書及び第3887699号明細書；ジヤツカニツ
（Jackanicz）その他、コントラセプシヨン
（Contraception）、1973年、第８巻、第227〜234
頁；アンダーソン（Anderson）その他、同書、
1976年、第11巻、第375〜384頁；ワイズ（Wise）
その他、ライフ・サイエンセズ（Life
Sciences）、1976年、第19巻、第867〜874頁；ウ
ードランド（Woodland）その他、ジヤーナル・
オブ・メデイカル・ケミストリー（Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry）、1973年、第16巻、第897
〜901頁；ヨーレス（Yolles）その他、ブチレ
ン・オブ・ザ・パレンテラル・ドラグ・アソシエ
ーシヨン（Bulletin of the Parenteral Drug
Association）、1976年、第30巻、第306〜312頁；
ワイズ（Wize）その他、ジヤーナル・オブ・フ
アマシー・アンド・フアマコロジー（Journal of
Pharmacy and Pharmacology）、1978年、第30
巻、第686〜689頁及び1979年、第31巻、第201〜
204頁参照。
本発明の目的は、薬剤を調合するのに適当なポ
リ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）ポリマーの製造
法を得ることである。
リ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）ポリマーの製造
法を得ることである。
本明細書中で、“ポリラクチド”という用語は
通常の意味で使用され、乳酸だけのポリマー、乳
酸とグリコール酸とのコーポリマー、かかるポリ
マー混合物、かかるコーポリマー混合物及びかか
るポリマーとコーポリマーとの混合物を包含し、
乳酸はラセミ形か又は光学活性形である。
通常の意味で使用され、乳酸だけのポリマー、乳
酸とグリコール酸とのコーポリマー、かかるポリ
マー混合物、かかるコーポリマー混合物及びかか
るポリマーとコーポリマーとの混合物を包含し、
乳酸はラセミ形か又は光学活性形である。
ポリラクチド、特に乳酸単位とグリコール酸単
位とを有するコーポリマーに関する公知方法に
は、かかる低分子量のコーポリマーの製造及びか
かるコーポリマーで大きい多分散性を得る方法は
記載されていない。ポリラクチドの公知方法の記
載では、本来ポリラクチドは無水条件下で連鎖停
止剤を添加しないその製造のために、一般に分子
量（Mw）約30000〜60000以上（内部粘度0.5以
上）及び低い多分散性である。ところで、乳酸及
びグリコール酸の環状二量体の重合条件下におけ
る異なる反応性のために、ポリマーに関して不均
一性の大きいコーポリマーが、２つの環状二量体
の混合物を連鎖停止剤の存在で開環重合させて得
られ、内部粘度0.3以下を有するポリラクチドが
得られることが判明した。グリコール酸の環状二
量体は重合条件下で反応性であり、このようにし
て重合で形成した最初のコーポリマーの分子はグ
リコール酸が多い。結果として、形成した後のコ
ーポリマーの分子は必然的に乳酸が多く、このよ
うにして所望の大きい不均一性の乳酸とグリコー
ル酸とのコーポリマーが得られる。
位とを有するコーポリマーに関する公知方法に
は、かかる低分子量のコーポリマーの製造及びか
かるコーポリマーで大きい多分散性を得る方法は
記載されていない。ポリラクチドの公知方法の記
載では、本来ポリラクチドは無水条件下で連鎖停
止剤を添加しないその製造のために、一般に分子
量（Mw）約30000〜60000以上（内部粘度0.5以
上）及び低い多分散性である。ところで、乳酸及
びグリコール酸の環状二量体の重合条件下におけ
る異なる反応性のために、ポリマーに関して不均
一性の大きいコーポリマーが、２つの環状二量体
の混合物を連鎖停止剤の存在で開環重合させて得
られ、内部粘度0.3以下を有するポリラクチドが
得られることが判明した。グリコール酸の環状二
量体は重合条件下で反応性であり、このようにし
て重合で形成した最初のコーポリマーの分子はグ
リコール酸が多い。結果として、形成した後のコ
ーポリマーの分子は必然的に乳酸が多く、このよ
うにして所望の大きい不均一性の乳酸とグリコー
ル酸とのコーポリマーが得られる。
多分散性とは、重量平均分子量（Mw）と数平
均分子量（Mn）との比即ちMw／Mnで表わされ、試 料の分子量不均一度を示す尺度である。
均分子量（Mn）との比即ちMw／Mnで表わされ、試 料の分子量不均一度を示す尺度である。
更に、所望の低Mwの範囲内のコーポリマーを
得るためには、常用のポリマー技術によつて混合
環状二量体の開環共重合を、水、乳酸含有水又は
他の一定の公知連鎖増大調整剤の存在で行なつて
重合を調節する。
得るためには、常用のポリマー技術によつて混合
環状二量体の開環共重合を、水、乳酸含有水又は
他の一定の公知連鎖増大調整剤の存在で行なつて
重合を調節する。
適当な重合触媒は、酸化亜鉛、炭酸亜鉛、塩基
性炭酸亜鉛、ジエチル亜鉛、有機錫化合物、例え
ばオクタン酸第１錫、トリブチルアルミニウム、
チタン、マグネシウム又はバリウム化合物又はリ
サージであり、これらのうちオクタン酸第１錫が
好ましい。
性炭酸亜鉛、ジエチル亜鉛、有機錫化合物、例え
ばオクタン酸第１錫、トリブチルアルミニウム、
チタン、マグネシウム又はバリウム化合物又はリ
サージであり、これらのうちオクタン酸第１錫が
好ましい。
混合環状二量体の共重合は、他の点で時間及び
温度に関してはポリマー分野での公知方法で行な
う。
温度に関してはポリマー分野での公知方法で行な
う。
低分子量のポリラクチドは環状二量体よりもむ
しろそれ自体ヒドロキシ酸を共重合させても得ら
れる。この方法では不均一性の小さいポリマーが
得られるが、ポリペプチドの連続的放出に適当な
マトリツクスは、この方法で得られた異なる組成
のかかるポリラクチドを混合するか、又はこの方
法で得られたポリラクチドを、環状二量体の開環
重合によつて得られた１種又は数種のポリラクチ
ドと混合して得ることができる。
しろそれ自体ヒドロキシ酸を共重合させても得ら
れる。この方法では不均一性の小さいポリマーが
得られるが、ポリペプチドの連続的放出に適当な
マトリツクスは、この方法で得られた異なる組成
のかかるポリラクチドを混合するか、又はこの方
法で得られたポリラクチドを、環状二量体の開環
重合によつて得られた１種又は数種のポリラクチ
ドと混合して得ることができる。
本発明によつて、乳酸単位60〜100モル％とグ
リコール酸単位０〜40モル％とからなり、ベンゼ
ンに可溶で、0.1より大きく0.265より小さい固有
粘度を有し、ホモポリマーである場合には大きい
多分散性であり、コポリマーである場合には大き
い多分散性又は不均一性であるポリラクチドポリ
マー又はポリ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）コポ
リマーを製造する方法が得られ、この方法は乳酸
とグリコール酸との環状二量体混合物を、場合に
より連鎖増大調整剤の存在で開環共重合させるこ
とを特徴とする。
リコール酸単位０〜40モル％とからなり、ベンゼ
ンに可溶で、0.1より大きく0.265より小さい固有
粘度を有し、ホモポリマーである場合には大きい
多分散性であり、コポリマーである場合には大き
い多分散性又は不均一性であるポリラクチドポリ
マー又はポリ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）コポ
リマーを製造する方法が得られ、この方法は乳酸
とグリコール酸との環状二量体混合物を、場合に
より連鎖増大調整剤の存在で開環共重合させるこ
とを特徴とする。
適当な連鎖増大調整剤は、例えば水、乳酸、グ
リコール酸又は他のヒドロキシ酸、アルコール又
はカルボン酸である。“不均一なポリラクチド”
とは、前述のようにグリコリドの多い分子及びラ
クチドの多い分子に関して高度の不均一性又は大
きい多分散性を有するポリラクチドであるか、又
は前述のようにラクチド／グリコリド含量及び／
又はMwの異なる種々のポリラクチド２種又は数
種の配合物である。
リコール酸又は他のヒドロキシ酸、アルコール又
はカルボン酸である。“不均一なポリラクチド”
とは、前述のようにグリコリドの多い分子及びラ
クチドの多い分子に関して高度の不均一性又は大
きい多分散性を有するポリラクチドであるか、又
は前述のようにラクチド／グリコリド含量及び／
又はMwの異なる種々のポリラクチド２種又は数
種の配合物である。
この意味で個々のコーポリマーが不均一である
かどうかは、例えばジユーテロ化ジメチルスルホ
キシド中でコーポリマーの25MHz13C核磁気共鳴
スペクトルの測定から容易に測定することができ
る。公知方法の乳酸及びグリコール酸のモノマー
の共重合で得られる均一なコーポリマーでは、グ
リコール酸単位のカルボニルカーボンの共鳴（δ
＝166.0〜166.2）は、この炭素原子が存在する殆
んど等しい４つの異なる分子、即ちGG*Ｇ，LG*
Ｇ，GG*Ｌ及びLG*Ｌ（Ｇ＝グリコール酸単位、
Ｌ＝乳酸単位、星印は考慮中のグリコール酸単位
を示す）の結果として２つの二重線として表われ
る。これに反して、本発明で使用する不均一なコ
ーポリマーではLG*Ｌは生じないので、均一なコ
ーポリマーのスペクトル中の二重線の１つは一重
線として表われる。実際に、不均一なコーポリマ
ーのスペクトル中では、このグリコール酸単位の
カルボニルカーボンは屡々２つの一重線として表
われる。このようにして、前述のように定義した
“不均一なコーポリマー”は13Cn.m.r.のグリコー
ル酸のカルボニルカーボンは１対の二重線とは異
なつたものとして表われるコーポリマーである。
かどうかは、例えばジユーテロ化ジメチルスルホ
キシド中でコーポリマーの25MHz13C核磁気共鳴
スペクトルの測定から容易に測定することができ
る。公知方法の乳酸及びグリコール酸のモノマー
の共重合で得られる均一なコーポリマーでは、グ
リコール酸単位のカルボニルカーボンの共鳴（δ
＝166.0〜166.2）は、この炭素原子が存在する殆
んど等しい４つの異なる分子、即ちGG*Ｇ，LG*
Ｇ，GG*Ｌ及びLG*Ｌ（Ｇ＝グリコール酸単位、
Ｌ＝乳酸単位、星印は考慮中のグリコール酸単位
を示す）の結果として２つの二重線として表われ
る。これに反して、本発明で使用する不均一なコ
ーポリマーではLG*Ｌは生じないので、均一なコ
ーポリマーのスペクトル中の二重線の１つは一重
線として表われる。実際に、不均一なコーポリマ
ーのスペクトル中では、このグリコール酸単位の
カルボニルカーボンは屡々２つの一重線として表
われる。このようにして、前述のように定義した
“不均一なコーポリマー”は13Cn.m.r.のグリコー
ル酸のカルボニルカーボンは１対の二重線とは異
なつたものとして表われるコーポリマーである。
乳酸／グリコール酸コーポリマーの不均一性又
は均一性は、その減成試験で証明することもでき
る。即ち、コーポリマーをPH7.4の緩衝液に37℃
で入れ、周期的に取出し、乾燥し、サンプルを取
り、サンプル中の乳酸単位対グリコール酸単位の
割合をn.m.r.によつて測定し、不均一なコーポリ
マーに対しては、Ｌ／Ｇの割合はグリコール酸が
加水分解するのにつれて増大する。これに反し
て、均一なコーポリマーに対しては、Ｌ／Ｇの割
合は減成が進行する場合に一定である。
は均一性は、その減成試験で証明することもでき
る。即ち、コーポリマーをPH7.4の緩衝液に37℃
で入れ、周期的に取出し、乾燥し、サンプルを取
り、サンプル中の乳酸単位対グリコール酸単位の
割合をn.m.r.によつて測定し、不均一なコーポリ
マーに対しては、Ｌ／Ｇの割合はグリコール酸が
加水分解するのにつれて増大する。これに反し
て、均一なコーポリマーに対しては、Ｌ／Ｇの割
合は減成が進行する場合に一定である。
コーポリマーの乳酸含量は、好ましくはラセミ
（Ｄ，Ｌ）形か又は光学活性Ｌ形である。
（Ｄ，Ｌ）形か又は光学活性Ｌ形である。
次に実施例につき本発明を説明する。
配合物 １
酸化亜鉛（16ｇ）をＤ，Ｌ−乳酸（800ｇ）に、
撹拌機、温度計及び水のコンデンサーに結合した
蒸溜頭を備えた２の三頚円底フラスコ中で添加
した。混合物を撹拌し、約135℃に加熱し、この
温度で水が溜出し始めた。加熱を８時間続け、こ
の間に温度は約190℃に上つた。水の蒸溜が止む
と、圧力を減じ、蒸溜を固体がコンデンサー中に
集まり始めるまで続けた。この段階で水のコンデ
ンサーを空気のコンデンサーに代え、残渣を冷却
し、次いで高真空（２〜８mmHg）下に蒸溜し、
130〜160℃で溜出するフラクシヨン（約300ｇ）
を集め、これはＤ，Ｌ−ラクチド（３，６−ジメ
チル−１，４−ジオキサン−２，５−ジオン）、
Ｄ，Ｌ−乳酸の環状二量体であつた。
撹拌機、温度計及び水のコンデンサーに結合した
蒸溜頭を備えた２の三頚円底フラスコ中で添加
した。混合物を撹拌し、約135℃に加熱し、この
温度で水が溜出し始めた。加熱を８時間続け、こ
の間に温度は約190℃に上つた。水の蒸溜が止む
と、圧力を減じ、蒸溜を固体がコンデンサー中に
集まり始めるまで続けた。この段階で水のコンデ
ンサーを空気のコンデンサーに代え、残渣を冷却
し、次いで高真空（２〜８mmHg）下に蒸溜し、
130〜160℃で溜出するフラクシヨン（約300ｇ）
を集め、これはＤ，Ｌ−ラクチド（３，６−ジメ
チル−１，４−ジオキサン−２，５−ジオン）、
Ｄ，Ｌ−乳酸の環状二量体であつた。
粗製Ｄ，Ｌ−ラクチドを酢酸エチル（約600ml）
から３回結晶させ、再結晶生成物を最後に減圧
（２mmHg）下に45℃で24〜48時間乾燥し、この後
に融点124〜125℃を有していた。
から３回結晶させ、再結晶生成物を最後に減圧
（２mmHg）下に45℃で24〜48時間乾燥し、この後
に融点124〜125℃を有していた。
配合物 ２
グリコリド（１，４−ジオキサン−２，５−ジ
オン）、グリコール酸の環状二量体を、“プリパレ
ーテイブ、メソーズ・イン・ポリマー・ケミスト
リー（Preparative Methods in Polymer
Chemistry）”〔ソレンサン（W.R.Sorenson）及
びカンプベル（T.W.Campbell）著、第２版、第
363頁、1968年、インターサイエンス
（Interscience）社刊〕に記載の方法で製造した。
粗製グリコリドを乾燥酢酸エチルから３回結晶さ
せて精製し、次いで減圧（２〜８mmHg）下に45
℃で24〜48時間乾燥した。融点82〜84℃。
オン）、グリコール酸の環状二量体を、“プリパレ
ーテイブ、メソーズ・イン・ポリマー・ケミスト
リー（Preparative Methods in Polymer
Chemistry）”〔ソレンサン（W.R.Sorenson）及
びカンプベル（T.W.Campbell）著、第２版、第
363頁、1968年、インターサイエンス
（Interscience）社刊〕に記載の方法で製造した。
粗製グリコリドを乾燥酢酸エチルから３回結晶さ
せて精製し、次いで減圧（２〜８mmHg）下に45
℃で24〜48時間乾燥した。融点82〜84℃。
例 １
Ｄ，Ｌ−ラクチド及びグリコリドのポリマー
を、次のようにして製造した： 純粋の乾燥Ｄ，Ｌ−ラクチド（配合物１）30.0
ｇ、純粋の乾燥グリコリド（配合物２）12.1ｇ、
水約12重量％を含有する市場で得られるＤ，Ｌ−
乳酸920μ及びヘキサン中にオクタン酸第１錫
をとかした８重量％の溶液１mlを、予め乾燥した
ガラス管に装入した。ヘキサンを減圧下に蒸発さ
せ、管をできるだけ一定に撹拌しながら160℃で
６時間加熱した。管を粉末状固体二酸化炭素中で
冷却し、ポリラクチドを取出し、小片に粉砕し、
クロロホルム（400ml）にとかした。クロロホル
ム溶液を濾過し、濾液をメタノール（２）中に
注いでポリラクチドを沈澱させ、これを濾取し、
真空下に40℃で24時間、次いで80℃で24時間乾燥
した。こうして得られたポリラクチドはクロロホ
ルム、ジオキサン及びベンゼン中に可溶であつ
た。
を、次のようにして製造した： 純粋の乾燥Ｄ，Ｌ−ラクチド（配合物１）30.0
ｇ、純粋の乾燥グリコリド（配合物２）12.1ｇ、
水約12重量％を含有する市場で得られるＤ，Ｌ−
乳酸920μ及びヘキサン中にオクタン酸第１錫
をとかした８重量％の溶液１mlを、予め乾燥した
ガラス管に装入した。ヘキサンを減圧下に蒸発さ
せ、管をできるだけ一定に撹拌しながら160℃で
６時間加熱した。管を粉末状固体二酸化炭素中で
冷却し、ポリラクチドを取出し、小片に粉砕し、
クロロホルム（400ml）にとかした。クロロホル
ム溶液を濾過し、濾液をメタノール（２）中に
注いでポリラクチドを沈澱させ、これを濾取し、
真空下に40℃で24時間、次いで80℃で24時間乾燥
した。こうして得られたポリラクチドはクロロホ
ルム、ジオキサン及びベンゼン中に可溶であつ
た。
Ｌ／Ｇのモル比 67／33
換算比粘度 0.121
分子量 低い
選択的にラクチド、グリコリド及び乳酸を160
℃で加熱し、次いでオクタン酸第１錫0.08ｇを添
加して重合を開始してもよい。
℃で加熱し、次いでオクタン酸第１錫0.08ｇを添
加して重合を開始してもよい。
例 ２
例１の方法を、Ｄ，Ｌ−ラクチド（配合物１）
20.0ｇ、オクタン酸第１錫31μ及びＤ，Ｌ−乳
酸0.12mlを用い、かつポリラクチドを沈澱させる
ために、ポリラクチドを氷酢酸にとかし、こうし
て得られた氷酢酸溶液をメタノールに滴加した点
を除いてくり返し、ポリラクチドを濾取し、真空
下に40℃で24時間、次いで80℃で24時間乾燥し
た。
20.0ｇ、オクタン酸第１錫31μ及びＤ，Ｌ−乳
酸0.12mlを用い、かつポリラクチドを沈澱させる
ために、ポリラクチドを氷酢酸にとかし、こうし
て得られた氷酢酸溶液をメタノールに滴加した点
を除いてくり返し、ポリラクチドを濾取し、真空
下に40℃で24時間、次いで80℃で24時間乾燥し
た。
次のポリラクチドが得られた：
Ｌ／Ｇのモル比 100／０
固有粘度 0.260
Mw（約） 16200。
Claims (1)
- １ 乳酸単位60〜100モル％とグリコール酸単位
０〜40モル％とからなり、ベンゼンに可溶で、
0.1より大きく0.265より小さい固有粘度を有し、
ホモポリマーである場合には大きい多分散性であ
り、コポリマーである場合には大きい多分散性又
は不均一性であるポリラクチドポリマー又はポリ
（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）コポリマーを製造
する方法において、乳酸の環状二量体の開環重合
又は乳酸及びグリコール酸の環状二量体の混合物
の開環共重合を、酸化亜鉛、炭酸亜鉛、塩基性炭
酸亜鉛、ジエチル亜鉛、オクタン酸第１錫、トリ
ブチルアルミニウム、チタン、マグネシウム又は
バリウム化合物又はリサージから選んだ触媒
0.001〜1.0％及び水、乳酸、グリコール酸及び他
のヒドロキシ酸、アルコール及びカルボン酸から
選んだ連鎖増大調整剤0.05％までを用いて、温度
130〜200℃で重合が完結するまで0.5〜24時間実
施することを特徴とするポリ（ラクチド−共−グ
リコリド）コポリマーの製造法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8104734 | 1981-02-16 | ||
| GB8104734 | 1981-02-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6264824A JPS6264824A (ja) | 1987-03-23 |
| JPH031330B2 true JPH031330B2 (ja) | 1991-01-10 |
Family
ID=10519727
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57023497A Granted JPS57150609A (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1982-02-16 | Pharmaceutical composition, heterogeneous copolymer comprising lactic acid and glycolic acid units and manufacture |
| JP61162196A Granted JPS6264824A (ja) | 1981-02-16 | 1986-07-11 | 乳酸単位とグリコ−ル酸単位との不均一なコ−ポリマ−及びその製造法 |
| JP3098688A Expired - Lifetime JPH0774143B2 (ja) | 1981-02-16 | 1991-04-30 | ポリ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）ポリマーの製造法 |
| JP3098686A Expired - Lifetime JPH0686390B2 (ja) | 1981-02-16 | 1991-04-30 | 薬理学上活性で酸に安定なポリペプチドの製剤 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57023497A Granted JPS57150609A (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1982-02-16 | Pharmaceutical composition, heterogeneous copolymer comprising lactic acid and glycolic acid units and manufacture |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3098688A Expired - Lifetime JPH0774143B2 (ja) | 1981-02-16 | 1991-04-30 | ポリ（ラクチド−共−グリコリド）ポリマーの製造法 |
| JP3098686A Expired - Lifetime JPH0686390B2 (ja) | 1981-02-16 | 1991-04-30 | 薬理学上活性で酸に安定なポリペプチドの製剤 |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5004602A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0058481B2 (ja) |
| JP (4) | JPS57150609A (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE22535T1 (ja) |
| AU (3) | AU560829B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1169090A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE3273501D1 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK164845B (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES509647A0 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI80594B (ja) |
| GR (1) | GR76791B (ja) |
| HK (1) | HK107890A (ja) |
| HU (2) | HU199695B (ja) |
| IE (1) | IE52535B1 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY101545A (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO162103C (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ199732A (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT74434B (ja) |
| YU (1) | YU44066B (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA82565B (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4862899A (ja) * | 1971-11-22 | 1973-09-01 | ||
| JPS5017525A (ja) * | 1973-06-14 | 1975-02-24 |
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