JP6585293B2 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6585293B2 JP6585293B2 JP2018518371A JP2018518371A JP6585293B2 JP 6585293 B2 JP6585293 B2 JP 6585293B2 JP 2018518371 A JP2018518371 A JP 2018518371A JP 2018518371 A JP2018518371 A JP 2018518371A JP 6585293 B2 JP6585293 B2 JP 6585293B2
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- torque
- power
- engine
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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Images
Classifications
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60K6/448—Electrical distribution type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
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- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
- B60W20/19—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect for achieving enhanced acceleration
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- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/188—Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
内燃機関と、
回転電機と、
トランスミッションと、
前記内燃機関及び前記回転電機の組合せと前記トランスミッションとの間に配置されたクラッチと、
前記内燃機関及び前記回転電機の動力を制御する動力制御装置と
を備えるものであって、
前記動力制御装置は、前記クラッチの動力伝達容量と前記内燃機関の動力との差異に基づいて前記回転電機の付加動力を算出する
ことを特徴とする。
<A−1.構成>
[A−1−1.全体構成]
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る車両10の一部の概略構成図である。車両10は、後輪駆動装置20と、前輪駆動装置22と、電力系24と、センサ類26と、駆動電子制御装置28(以下「駆動ECU28」又は「ECU28」という。)とを有する。
後輪駆動装置20では、例えば、中負荷のときにエンジン32のみによる駆動を行い、高負荷のときにエンジン32及び第1モータ34による駆動を行う。車両10が低負荷のときに第1モータ34のみによる駆動を行ってもよい。
第2モータ52aは、その出力軸が左前輪50lの回転軸に接続されており、左前輪50lに駆動力を伝達する。第3モータ52bは、その出力軸が右前輪50rの回転軸に接続されており、右前輪50rに駆動力を伝達する。第2走行モータ52a及び第3走行モータ52bと前輪50との間には図示しないクラッチ及び/又は減速機を設けてもよい。
高電圧バッテリ60は、第1〜第3インバータ62、64、66を介して第1〜第3モータ34、52a、52bに電力を供給すると共に、第1〜第3モータ34、52a、52bからの回生電力Pregを充電する。
図2は、本実施形態のセンサ類26及びECU28の詳細を示すブロック図である。図2に示すように、センサ類26には、アクセルペダルセンサ80と、車速センサ82と、エンジン回転速度センサ84と、エンジントルクセンサ86と、クラッチ温度センサ88と、シフト位置センサ90と、キックダウンスイッチ92と、バッテリ温度センサ94と、SOCセンサ96、バッテリ電圧センサ98と、バッテリ電流センサ100とが含まれる。
駆動ECU28は、エンジン32及び第1〜第3インバータ62、64、66を制御することにより、エンジン32及び第1〜第3モータ34、52a、52bの出力を制御する。さらに、駆動ECU28は、エンジン32及び第1〜第3インバータ62、64、66に加え、クラッチ36及びトランスミッション38を制御することにより、車両10全体の動力Fvを制御する。
[A−2−1.概要]
本実施形態では、TRC MOT52a、52bにより車両10を駆動するモータ走行モードと、主としてエンジン32により車両10を駆動するエンジン走行モードとを用いる。エンジン走行モードは、必要に応じてモータ34、52a、52bによる付加動力(本実施形態での制御上は付加トルク)を付加するハイブリッドモードを含む。
エンジン走行モード(ハイブリッドモードを含む。)において、ECU28は、モータ34、52a、52bがエンジン32をアシストするモータアシスト制御を実行する。モータアシスト制御は、エンジン32を主体として車両10を駆動するためにエンジン32を作動させる場合又はエンジン32を主体として車両10を駆動している場合に用いられる。
(A−2−3−1.概要)
図5は、本実施形態のエンジン走行モードでの車両動力制御のフローチャートである。ステップS11において、ECU28は、AP操作量θap、車速V、シフト位置Ps及びエンジン回転速度Neを取得する。ステップS12において、ECU28は、AP操作量θap、車速V及びシフト位置Psに基づいて目標合計トルクTtotal_tarを算出する。目標合計トルクTtotal_tarは、車両10全体での目標トルクである。
・MOT走行モードからENG走行モードへの切替時(エンジン32の始動時)
・シフト位置Psに基づいてシフトアップが行われたと判定した場合
図6は、本実施形態におけるエンジン回転速度Neと最大エンジントルクTeng_maxとエンジン出力Pengとの関係を示す一例である。図6において、Tcl_maxは、クラッチ36の最大伝達トルクTcl_max(以下「最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_max」ともいう。)である。最大伝達トルクTcl_maxは、クラッチ36がエンジン32及びCRK MOT34側から後輪30側に伝達可能なトルクの最大値である。換言すると、最大伝達トルクTcl_maxは、クラッチ36の動力伝達容量である。
上記のように、瞬間的アシスト制御は、エンジン32の作動に際し、エンジントルクTengの応答遅れをモータトルクTmot(特にCRK MOTトルクTcrk)で瞬間的に補う制御である。瞬間的アシスト制御は、例えば、MOT走行モードからENG走行モードへの切替時(エンジン32の始動時)又はトランスミッション38のシフトアップ時に用いられる。
上記のように、本実施形態では、操作量閾値THθapは、モータアシスト(又はハイブリッドモード)の判定に用いるAP操作量θapの閾値である。以下に詳述するように、操作量閾値THθapは、キックダウンスイッチ92がオンとなるAP操作量θap(以下「キックダウン閾値THθkd」又は「KD閾値THθkd」という。)を考慮して設定する。
(A−2−3−5−1.概要)
図8は、本実施形態の継続的アシスト制御のフローチャートである。ステップS31において、ECU28は、CRK MOT34よりもTRC MOT52a、52bに対して優先的に電力を割り振るようにTRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiを算出する(詳細は、図9を参照して後述する。)。
(A−2−3−5−2−1.概要)
図9は、本実施形態の継続的アシスト制御におけるTRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiの算出を説明するブロック図である。上記のように、TRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiの算出に際し、ECU28は、CRK MOT34よりもTRC MOT52a、52bに対して優先的に電力を割り振る。
BAT放電限界値算出部200(以下「放電限界値算出部200」ともいう。)は、バッテリ60の温度Hbat、SOC及び電流Ibatに基づいてバッテリ60の放電限界値Pbat_limを算出する。
電力−トルク変換部202は、理論値又はシミュレーション値を用いて、放電限界値Pbat_lim[W]に対応するトルク(放電限界トルクTbat_lim)[Nm]を算出する。
TRC MOT出力限界トルク算出部204(以下「第1限界トルク算出部204」ともいう。)は、車速Vに基づいてTRC MOT出力限界トルクTtrc_lim(以下「第1限界トルクTtrc_lim」ともいう。)を算出する。
TRC MOTアシストトルク算出部206(以下「第1アシストトルク算出部206」ともいう。)は、電力−トルク変換部202からの放電限界トルクTbat_lim及び第1限界トルク算出部204からの第1限界トルクTtrc_limのうち小さい方をTRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiとして算出する。
(A−2−3−5−3−1.概要)
図12は、本実施形態の継続的アシスト制御におけるCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiの算出を説明するブロック図である。上記のように、CRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiの算出に際し、ECU28は、TRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiに割り振った後に残った電力をCRK MOT34に割り振る。
トルク−電力変換部210は、TRC MOTアシストトルク算出部206が算出したTRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiに対応する電力(TRC MOTアシスト電力Ptrc_asi)を算出する。当該算出は、理論値又はシミュレーション値を用いる。
修正放電限界値算出部212は、BAT放電限界値算出部200が算出した放電限界値Pbat_limと、トルク−電力変換部210が算出したTRC MOTアシスト電力Ptrc_asiとの偏差を修正放電限界値Pbat_lim2として算出する(Pbat_lim2=Pbat_lim−Ptrc_asi)。
電力−トルク変換部214は、修正放電限界値Pbat_lim2に対応するトルク(修正放電限界トルクTbat_lim2)を算出する。
最大クラッチ伝達トルク算出部216は、クラッチ温度Hclに基づいて最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxを算出する。図6を参照して上述したように、最大伝達トルクTcl_maxは、クラッチ36がエンジン32及びCRK MOT34側から後輪30側に伝達可能なトルクの最大値である。換言すると、最大伝達トルクTcl_maxは、クラッチ36の動力伝達容量である。
クラッチ伝達可能残余トルク算出部218は、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの偏差をクラッチ伝達可能残余トルクTcl_remとして算出する。
CRK MOT出力限界トルク算出部220(以下「第2限界トルク算出部220」ともいう。)は、車速V及びシフト位置Ps(ギア段)に基づいてCRK MOT出力限界トルクTcrk_lim(以下「第2限界トルクTcrk_lim」ともいう。)を算出する。
CRK MOTアシストトルク算出部222(以下「第2アシストトルク算出部222」ともいう。)は、修正放電限界トルクTbat_lim2、クラッチ伝達可能残余トルクTcl_rem及び第2限界トルクTcrk_limのうち最も小さいものをCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiとして算出する。
(A−2−3−5−4−1.具体例1:TRC MOT52a、52bの継続的アシスト制御)
図13Aは、本実施形態におけるAP操作量θapの時間的変化の第1例を示す図である。図13Aでは、時点t21から時点t22までAP操作量θapが一定である。時点t22からAP操作量θapが増加して、時点t23においてAP操作量θapが操作量閾値THθapに到達する。その後さらにAP操作量θapは増加し時点t24で最大値θap_maxに到達する。時点t24以降、AP操作量θapは最大値θap_maxのまま一定である。
図14Aは、本実施形態におけるAP操作量θapの時間的変化の一例を示す図である。図14Aでは、時点t31から時点t33までAP操作量θapが一定である。時点t33からAP操作量θapが増加して、時点t35においてAP操作量θapが操作量閾値THθapに到達する。その後さらにAP操作量θapは増加し時点t36で最大値θap_maxに到達する。時点t36以降、AP操作量θapは最大値θap_maxのまま一定である。
なお、継続的アシスト制御において説明したCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiの算出方法は、瞬間的アシスト制御にも応用できる。すなわち、アシストトルクTcrk_asiの最大値は、バッテリ60の放電限界値Pbat_limと、TRC MOT出力限界トルクTtrc_limとして算出することができる。そして、ECU28は、エンジントルクTengの応答遅れをCRK MOTトルクTcrkで瞬間的に補うためのCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを当該最大値以下に制限する。
以上のように、本実施形態によれば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_max(クラッチ36の動力伝達容量)とエンジントルクTeng(動力)との差異に基づいてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asi(回転電機の付加動力)を算出する(図6、図8のS32、図12)。このため、クラッチ36に対してCRK MOT34がエンジン32と同じ側に配置され(図1)且つエンジントルクTengに加えてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを発生させる場合でも、クラッチ36が伝達可能な範囲での合計トルクTtotal(合計動力)を発生させることが可能となる。
なお、本発明は、上記実施形態に限らず、本明細書の記載内容に基づき、種々の構成を採り得ることはもちろんである。例えば、以下の構成を採用することができる。
上記実施形態では、自動四輪車である車両10について説明した(図1)。しかしながら、例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの差異に基づいてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを算出する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、自動三輪車及び自動六輪車のいずれであってもよい。
上記実施形態では、第1〜第3走行モータ34、52a、52bを3相交流ブラシレス式としたが、これに限らない。例えば、第1〜第3走行モータ34、52a、52bを3相交流ブラシ式、単相交流式又は直流式としてもよい。
[B−3−1.目標合計トルクTtotal_tarの設定方法]
上記実施形態では、車両10に搭乗した運転者(操舵主体)によるアクセルペダル102の操作に基づき後輪駆動装置20及び前輪駆動装置22のトルクを制御することを想定していた。しかしながら、例えば、後輪駆動装置20及び前輪駆動装置22のトルクを制御する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、車両10において後輪駆動装置20及び前輪駆動装置22のトルクを自動的に制御する構成(いわゆる自動運転を行う構成)にも、本発明を適用可能である。なお、運転者が車両10の外部から遠隔操作する構成にも本発明を適用可能である。
上記実施形態では、目標合計トルクTtotal_tarが最大エンジントルクTeng_max以下でない場合(S16:NO)、エンジン回転速度Neに応じた最大エンジントルクTeng_maxを目標エンジントルクTeng_tarとした(図5のS19等)。しかしながら、例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの差異に基づいてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを算出する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、エンジン32の燃費効率が高いところでエンジン32を一定の回転速度Neで作動させるように目標エンジントルクTeng_tarを設定してもよい。その場合、目標合計トルクTtotal_tarと目標エンジントルクTeng_tarとの差をCRK MOT34又はTRC MOT52a、52bで発生させてもよい。
上記実施形態では、MOT走行モードからENG走行モードへの切替時(エンジン32の始動時)等において(図5のS14:YES)、瞬間的アシスト制御を実行した(S15)。しかしながら、例えば、継続的アシスト制御に着目すれば、瞬間的アシスト制御を省略することも可能である。反対に、瞬間的アシスト制御に着目すれば、継続的アシスト制御を省略することも可能である。
(B−3−4−1.継続的アシスト制御のタイミング)
上記実施形態では、第2Ne領域R2(図6)のみにおいて、継続的アシスト制御(S19)を実行した。しかしながら、例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの差異を利用してCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを算出する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、操作量θapがNe1未満の第3Ne領域R3において、継続的アシスト制御を実行してもよい。
上記実施形態では、キックダウン閾値THθkd(図7)との関係を考慮して操作量閾値THθapを設定した。しかしながら、例えば、モータ34、52a、52bのアシストに伴う電力消費を抑制する観点からすれば、これに限らず、操作量閾値THθapをその他の値に設定することも可能である。
上記実施形態では、継続的アシスト制御におけるMOTアシストトルクTmot_asiとして、CRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiと、TRC MOTアシストトルクTtrc_asiの両方を発生させた(図4、図8)。しかしながら、例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの差異に基づいてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを算出する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、継続的アシスト制御では、CRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiのみを発生させてもよい。
上記実施形態では、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengの差異を全てCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiとして設定可能とした(図6及び図12)。しかしながら、例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxとエンジントルクTengとの差異に基づいてCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiを算出する観点からすれば、これに限らない。例えば、最大クラッチ伝達トルクTcl_maxからエンジントルクTeng及び余裕分αを引いた値をCRK MOTアシストトルクTcrk_asiとしてもよい(Tcrk_asi=Tcl_max−Teng−α)。
上記実施形態では、数値の比較において等号を含む場合と含まない場合とが存在した(図3、図5のS16、S18)。しかしながら、例えば、等号を含む又は等号を外す特別な意味がなければ(換言すると、本発明の効果を得られる場合)、数値の比較において等号を含ませるか或いは含ませないかは任意に設定可能である。
10、10A…車両
28…駆動ECU(動力制御装置)
32…エンジン(内燃機関)
34…CRK MOT(回転電機)
36…クラッチ
38…トランスミッション
92…キックダウンスイッチ
102…アクセルペダル
Ne…エンジン回転速度
R1…第1Ne領域(第1速度領域)
R2…第2Ne領域(第2速度領域)
Tcl_max…最大クラッチ伝達トルク(動力伝達容量)
Tcrk_asi…CRK MOTアシストトルク(回転電機の付加動力)
Teng…エンジントルク(内燃機関の動力)
Teng_max…最大エンジントルク(内燃機関の最大動力)
THθap…操作量閾値
THθkd…キックダウン閾値
θap…AP操作量(アクセルペダルの操作量)
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関(32)と、
回転電機(34)と、
トランスミッション(38)と、
前記内燃機関(32)及び前記回転電機(34)の組合せと前記トランスミッション(38)との間に配置されたクラッチ(36)と、
前記内燃機関(32)及び前記回転電機(34)の動力を制御する動力制御装置(28)と
を備える車両(10、10A)であって、
前記動力制御装置(28)は、前記クラッチ(36)の最大伝達トルクである動力伝達容量と前記内燃機関(32)の動力との差異に基づいて前記回転電機(34)の付加動力を算出する
ことを特徴とする車両(10、10A)。 - 請求項1に記載の車両(10、10A)において、
前記動力制御装置(28)は、前記クラッチ(36)の前記動力伝達容量と前記内燃機関(32)の最大動力との差異に基づいて前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力を算出する
ことを特徴とする車両(10、10A)。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の車両(10、10A)において、
前記動力制御装置(28)は、
前記内燃機関(32)の動力単独で前記クラッチ(36)の前記動力伝達容量を上回ることができる前記内燃機関(32)の回転速度の領域である第1速度領域と、
前記第1速度領域よりも高く且つ前記内燃機関(32)の動力単独では前記クラッチ(36)の前記動力伝達容量を上回ることができない前記回転速度の領域である第2速度領域と
を設定し、
さらに、前記動力制御装置(28)は、
前記回転速度が前記第1速度領域にあるとき、前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力なしに前記内燃機関(32)の動力を発生させ、
前記回転速度が前記第2速度領域にあるとき、前記内燃機関(32)の動力と前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力を発生させる
ことを特徴とする車両(10、10A)。 - 内燃機関(32)と、
回転電機(34)と、
トランスミッション(38)と、
前記内燃機関(32)及び前記回転電機(34)の組合せと前記トランスミッション(38)との間に配置されたクラッチ(36)と、
前記内燃機関(32)及び前記回転電機(34)の動力を制御する動力制御装置(28)と
を備える車両(10、10A)であって、
前記動力制御装置(28)は、
前記クラッチ(36)の動力伝達容量と前記内燃機関(32)の動力との差異に基づいて前記回転電機(34)の付加動力を算出するにあたり、
前記内燃機関(32)の動力単独で前記クラッチ(36)の前記動力伝達容量を上回ることができる前記内燃機関(32)の回転速度の領域である第1速度領域と、
前記第1速度領域よりも高く且つ前記内燃機関(32)の動力単独では前記クラッチ(36)の動力伝達容量を上回ることができない前記回転速度の領域である第2速度領域と、を設定し、
前記回転速度が前記第1速度領域にあるとき、前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力なしに前記内燃機関(32)の動力を発生させ、
前記回転速度が前記第2速度領域にあるとき、前記内燃機関(32)の動力と前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力を発生させるが、前記回転速度が前記第2速度領域にあっても、アクセルペダル(102)の操作量が操作量閾値よりも低いとき、前記回転電機(34)の前記付加動力の発生を禁止する
ことを特徴とする車両(10、10A)。 - 請求項4に記載の車両(10、10A)において、
前記車両(10、10A)は、前記アクセルペダル(102)に所定の踏込み操作がなされたとき前記トランスミッション(38)をシフトダウンさせるキックダウンを行うためのキックダウンスイッチ(92)を備え、
前記動力制御装置(28)は、前記キックダウンスイッチ(92)がオンとなる前記操作量であるキックダウン閾値よりも小さい値に前記操作量閾値を設定する
ことを特徴とする車両(10、10A)。
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