JP5577684B2 - 含フッ素重合性単量体、含フッ素重合体、レジスト材料及びパターン形成方法 - Google Patents
含フッ素重合性単量体、含フッ素重合体、レジスト材料及びパターン形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5577684B2 JP5577684B2 JP2009281161A JP2009281161A JP5577684B2 JP 5577684 B2 JP5577684 B2 JP 5577684B2 JP 2009281161 A JP2009281161 A JP 2009281161A JP 2009281161 A JP2009281161 A JP 2009281161A JP 5577684 B2 JP5577684 B2 JP 5577684B2
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- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J vanadium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[V](Cl)(Cl)Cl JTJFQBNJBPPZRI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Description
[発明1] 下記一般式(1)で表される含フッ素重合性単量体。
[発明2]R2およびR3がともに水素原子である発明1に記載の含フッ素重合性単量体。
[発明3] 含フッ素重合性単量体が、以下の一般式(2)〜一般式(4)で表される含フッ素重合体の群より選ばれる発明2に記載の含フッ素重合性単量体。
[発明4] 下記一般式(5)で表される繰返し単位を含むことを特徴とする含フッ素重合体。
[発明5]R2およびR3がともに水素原子である発明4に記載の含フッ素重合体。
[発明6] 含フッ素重合体が、以下の一般式(6)〜一般式(8)で表される繰返し単位のいずれかを有する発明5に記載の含フッ素重合体。
[発明7] 発明4から6のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体が、さらに酸不安定基または密着性基を有する繰返し単位を含むことを特徴とする発明4から6のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体。
[発明8] 発明4から7のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体を含有することを特徴とするレジスト材料。
[発明9] 酸発生剤、塩基性化合物、有機溶剤のうち少なくとも一種をさらに含むことを特徴とする発明8に記載のレジスト材料。
[発明10] 有機溶剤が、炭素数5〜20のアルコール系溶剤である発明9に記載のレジスト材料。
[発明11] 発明8から10のいずれか1項に記載のレジスト材料を基板上に塗布する工程と、加熱処理後フォトマスクを介して波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線で露光する工程と、必要に応じて加熱処理した後、現像液を用いて現像する工程を含むことを特徴とするパターン形成方法。
[発明12] 波長193nmのArFエキシマレーザを用い、ウェハーと投影レンズの間に水を挿入する液浸リソグラフィー法であることを特徴とする発明11に記載のパターン形成方法。
[発明13] レジスト材料を予めレジストパターンが形成された基板上に塗布する工程と、加熱処理後フォトマスクを介して波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線で露光する工程と、必要に応じて加熱処理した後、現像液を用いて現像する工程を含むパターン形成方法であって、当該レジスト材料として発明8〜10のいずれか1項に記載のレジスト材料を用いることを特徴とする発明12に記載のパターン形成方法。
[発明14] レジスト材料の溶剤が炭素数5〜20のアルコール系溶剤であることを特徴とする発明13に記載のパターン形成方法。
[発明15]
発明11から発明14のいずれかのパターン形成方法により製造された半導体装置。
上記のように、環に直接結合する水酸基の数は5員環で1〜3、6員環で1〜4の範囲をとりうる。当該水酸基は、現像液への溶解性を促進するのに効果的であるが、数が増えるにしたがって現像時に膨潤を引き起こす可能性が大きくなる。溶解性と膨潤の性能のバランスに依存するところもあるが、当該水酸基の数は1〜2である方が、3以上の場合よりも好ましい。
「非特許文献2」Basil S.Farah,Everett E.Gilbert,Morton Litt,Julian A.Otto,John P.SibiliaJ.Org.Chem.,1965,30(4),pp 1003-1005
次いで、この中間体に対する環水素添加反応によって対応する脂環式化合物(アルコール体)に誘導し、更にこれを(メタ)アクリル酸またはその反応性誘導体でエステル化することによって合成することができる。
一般式(5)で表される繰り返し単位は、一般式(1)で表される含フッ素単量体の重合性二重結合が開裂して形成され、その他の構造は維持される。したがって、R1、R2、R3、m、nについての説明およびそれらの組み合わせの具体例は一般式(1)で表される含フッ素単量体についての開示がそのまま適用できる。
本発明の含フッ素重合性単量体と共重合可能な単量体を具体的に例示するならば、少なくとも、無水マレイン酸、アクリル酸エステル類、含フッ素アクリル酸エステル類、メタクリル酸エステル類、含フッ素メタクリル酸エステル類、スチレン系化合物、含フッ素スチレン系化合物、ビニルエーテル類、含フッ素ビニルエーテル類、アリルエーテル類、含フッ素アリルエーテル類、オレフィン類、含フッ素オレフィン類、ノルボルネン化合物、含フッ素ノルボルネン化合物、二酸化硫黄、ビニルシラン類、ビニルスルホン酸、ビニルスルホン酸エステルから選ばれた一種類以上のが挙げられる。
(レジスト配合について)
本発明の含フッ素重合体は、特に光増感ポジ型レジスト材料として好適に用いられ、本発明は、上記含フッ素重合体を含有するレジスト材料、とりわけポジ型レジスト材料を提供する。この場合、レジスト材料としては、(A)ベース樹脂として上記含フッ素重合体(B)光酸発生剤(C)塩基性化合物(D)溶剤を含有するものが望ましい。また、必要により(E)界面活性剤を含有してもよい。
本発明のレジスト材料を使用してパターンを形成する方法は、基板上に該レジスト材料を塗布する工程、加熱処理後にフォトマスクを介して波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線で露光する工程、加熱処理後にアルカリ現像液で現像してパターンを形成する工程から成っており、何れも公知のリソグラフィー技術を採用して行うことができる。
(ダブルパターンニング法によるパターン形成方法に関して)
本発明のレジスト材料は、ダブルパターンニング法の2層目のレジスト材料として使用することが可能である。本発明の別の態様として、ダブルパターニング法によるパターン形成方法を提示する。
[単量体合成例1] 化合物−4(MA3−4OH)の合成
(1)化合物−2: 1−(1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヒドロキシ−2−プロピル)−2,5−ジヒドロキシベンゼンの合成
1H−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン,基準物質:TMS);δ(ppm)6.82−7.05(3H,m),8.87(3H,bs)
19F−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン,基準物質:CCl3F);δ(ppm)−75.05 (6F,s)
(2)化合物−3:(1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヒドロキシ−2−プロピル)−2,5−ジヒドロキシシクロヘキサンの合成
化合物−3A:
1H−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン,基準物質:TMS);δ(ppm)1.20−2.80(7H,m),3.82(1H,s),4.17(1H,s),4.61(1H,s),5.20(1H,s),7.29(1H,s) 19F−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン,基準物質:CCl3F);δ(ppm)−71.25 (3F,q,J=12Hz),−73.86 (3F,q,J=12Hz)
化合物−3B:
1H−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン, 基準物質:TMS);δ(ppm)1.20−2.80(7H,m),3.63(1H,s),3.95(1H,s),4.54(1H,s),5.24(1H,s),7.29(1H,s)
19F−NMR(溶媒:重アセトン,基準物質:CCl3F);δ(ppm)−71.25 (3F,q,J=12Hz),−73.86 (3F,q,J=12Hz)
(3)化合物−4(MA3−4OH):(1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヒドロキシ−2−プロピル)−2−ヒドロキシシクロヘクス−5−イル メタクリレートの合成
1H−NMR(溶媒:CDCl3,基準物質:TMS);δ(ppm)1.95(3H,s),1.55−2.60(8H,m),4.71(1H,s),5.27(1H,s),5.58(1H,s),5.94(1H,s),6.08(1H,s).
19F−NMR(溶媒:CDCl3,基準物質:CCl3F);δ(ppm)−72.42(3F,q,J=12Hz),−74.72(3F,q,J=12Hz)
[単量体合成例2] 化合物−8(MA4−3OH)の合成
(1)化合物−6:1−(1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヒドロキシ−2−プロピル)−2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゼンの合成
「非特許文献2」Basil S.Farah,Everett E.Gilbert,Morton Litt,Julian A.Otto,John P.SibiliaJ.Org.Chem.,1965,30(4),pp1003-1005
(2)化合物−7: 1−(1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヒドロキシ−2−プロピル)−2,4−ジヒドロキシシクロヘキサンの合成
1H−NMR(溶媒:CDCl3,基準物質:TMS);δ(ppm)1.98(3H,s),1.65−2.29(7H,m),3.53(1H,bs),4.68(1H,s),5.29(1H,s),5.66(1H,s),6.07(1H,s),6.50(1H,bs).
19F−NMR(溶媒:CDCl3 ,基準物質:C6F6);δ(ppm)87.12 (3F,q,J=11.3Hz),89.70 (3F,q,J=11.3Hz)
IR(ATR法):ν=3387,1685,1269,1200,1151,1136,1107,1095,979,952cm-1
GC−MS(FI+法):m/e 350(M+)
[重合体合成例1] 重合体−1の合成
重合体の分子量(数平均分子量Mn)と分子量分散(Mnと重量平均分子量Mwの比Mw/Mn)は、東ソー製HLC−8320GPCを使用し、東ソー製ALPHA−MカラムとALPHA−2500カラムを1本ずつ直列に繋ぎ、展開溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを用いて測定した。検出器は屈折率差検出器を用いた。結果を表1に示した。また、重合体の組成は1H−NMRおよび19F−NMRにより決定し、結果は表1の「組成(繰り返し単位)」の欄に示した。他の重合体において同じ。
[重合体合成例2] 重合体−2の合成
GPC測定結果;Mn=7,800、Mw/Mn=2.1
[重合体合成例3] 重合体−3の合成
GPC測定結果;Mn=11,200、Mw/Mn=2.2
[重合体比較合成例1] 比較重合体−1の合成
重合体合成例1の化合物−4(MA3−4OH)の変わりにMA−HADを用い、比較重合体−1を合成した。MA−HADはヘキサフルオロイソプロピル水酸基を含まない。
GPC測定結果;Mn=8,000、Mw/Mn=2.1
[重合体比較合成例2] 比較重合体−2の合成
重合体合成例1の化合物−4(MA3−4OH)の代わりに、化合物−9(MA4)を用いて比較重合体−2を合成した。化合物−9は環に結合したヘキサフルオロイソプロピル水酸基を1個有するが、水酸基は結合していない。
GPC測定結果;Mn=10,400、Mw/Mn=2.2
[重合体比較合成例3] 比較重合体−3の合成
重合体合成例1の化合物−4(MA3−4OH)の代わりに、化合物−10(MA35)を用いて比較重合体−3を合成した。化合物−10は環に結合したヘキサフルオロイソプロピル水酸基を2個有するが、水酸基は結合していない。
GPC測定結果;Mn=9,300、Mw/Mn=1.8
[重合体参考合成例1] 参考重合体1の合成: 汎用レジスト重合体の合成
汎用レジスト重合体として、下記のモノマーを参考重合体1を合成した。
GPC測定結果;Mn=11,500、Mw/Mn=2.1
・レジスト配合
重合体合成例1〜3、重合体比較合成例1〜3、および重合体参考合成例で合成した重合体を用い、それぞれに光酸発生剤、塩基性化合物、溶剤を表2に示す割合で配合してレジスト溶液(レジスト−1〜4、比較レジスト−1〜3、参考レジスト−1)を調製した。
得られたシリコンウェハー上の各レジスト膜は、接触角計(協和界面科学社製)を用いて水滴の接触角を測定した。結果を表2に示した。
・現像液溶解性試験
前述と同様に各レジストを塗布してレジスト膜を形成したシリコンウェハーを、室温で60秒間アルカリ現像液(2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液)に浸漬し溶解性を試験した。樹脂の溶解性は、浸漬後の膜の残存を光干渉型の膜厚計で測定することによって判定した。結果を表3に示した。膜が完全に消失した場合を「可溶」、一部残存した場合を「一部残存」、殆ど変化が見られない場合を「不溶」とした。
前述と同様にレジストを塗布してレジスト膜を形成したシリコンウェハーを、100℃で60秒間プリベークを行った後、フォトマスクを介して193nmで露光した。露光後のウェハーを回転させながら純水を2分間滴下した。その後、120℃で60秒間ポストエクスポーザーベークを行い、アルカリ現像液で現像した。
前述の各レジストを塗布してレジスト膜を形成したシリコンウェハーを4−メチル−2−ペンタノール(MIBC)に室温で60秒間浸漬し溶解性を試験したところ、レジスト−1〜4、および比較レジスト−3が可溶性を示した。特に含フッ素重合体のフッ素含有量が多いレジスト3および4および比較レジスト3で顕著な溶解性が観測された。結果を表3に示した。膜が完全に消失した場合を「可溶」、一部残存した場合を「一部残存」、殆ど変化が見られない場合を「不溶」とした。
Claims (14)
- R2およびR3がともに水素原子である請求項1に記載の含フッ素重合性単量体。
- R2およびR3がともに水素原子である請求項4に記載の含フッ素重合体。
- 請求項4から6のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体が、さらに酸不安定基または密着性基を有する繰返し単位を含むことを特徴とする請求項4から6のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体。
- 請求項4から7のいずれか1項に記載の含フッ素重合体を含有することを特徴とするレジスト材料。
- 酸発生剤、塩基性化合物、有機溶剤のうち少なくとも一種をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載のレジスト材料。
- 有機溶剤が、炭素数5〜20のアルコール系溶剤である請求項9に記載のレジスト材料。
- 請求項8から10のいずれか1項に記載のレジスト材料を基板上に塗布する工程と、加熱処理後フォトマスクを介して波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線で露光する工程と、必要に応じて加熱処理した後、現像液を用いて現像する工程を含むことを特徴とするパターン形成方法。
- 波長193nmのArFエキシマレーザを用い、ウェハーと投影レンズの間に水を挿入する液浸リソグラフィー法であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 予めレジストパターンが形成された基板上にレジスト材料を塗布する工程と、加熱処理後フォトマスクを介して波長300nm以下の高エネルギー線で露光する工程と、必要に応じて加熱処理した後、現像液を用いて現像する工程を含むパターン形成方法であって、当該レジスト材料として請求項8〜10のいずれか1項に記載のレジスト材料を用いることを特徴とするパターン形成方法。
- レジスト材料の溶剤が炭素数5〜20のアルコール系溶剤であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のパターン形成方法。
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