JP5164014B2 - 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5164014B2 JP5164014B2 JP2006089023A JP2006089023A JP5164014B2 JP 5164014 B2 JP5164014 B2 JP 5164014B2 JP 2006089023 A JP2006089023 A JP 2006089023A JP 2006089023 A JP2006089023 A JP 2006089023A JP 5164014 B2 JP5164014 B2 JP 5164014B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04238—Depolarisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
[化1]
2H2 → 4H++4e-
[化2]
O2+4H++4e- → 2H2O
であるから、燃料電池における全反応は
[化3]
2H2+O2 → 2H2O
と表すことができる。つまり、このような理論式に基づけば水素と酸素はモル比2:1の割合で反応するということになるから、これをひとつの目安とし、本発明では燃料ガス中および酸化ガス中の化学反応可能な水素と酸素のモル比が2またはそれ以上になるように制御する。こうした場合、化学反応可能な領域中では酸素よりも水素の方が潤沢に存在するいわば水素リッチな状態となるから、酸素が一定量を超えてまで消費されることはない状態を形成することができる。例えば、上記のモル比が一定値以上となるように水素を供給して水素の圧力(分圧)を高めるようにすれば通常状態よりも水素が潤沢な状態とすることができる。このように制御を行うようにした本発明によれば、水素リッチな条件にすることで電極触媒の酸化を抑制することができるとともに、運転停止時における水素と酸素のモル比を正確に計算して調節することで、過剰な水素の消費を抑制することができる。
[化4]
nH2 = PH2VH2/RTH2
で求めることができる。同様に、酸化ガスに関していえば、当該酸化ガスの圧力(分圧)をPo2、容積をVo2、温度をTo2、気体定数をRとすれば、そのモル量no2は
[化5]
no2 = Po2Vo2/RTo2
で求めることができる。
Claims (3)
- 燃料電池、および該燃料電池に対する燃料ガス給排系および酸化ガス給排系を備えた燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記酸化ガス給排系におけるガス流路内に酸化ガスを封止することを目的として、当該ガス流路のうち酸化ガス供給路側に設けられている入口バルブおよび酸化ガス排出路側に設けられている出口バルブと、
前記燃料ガス給排系のうち燃料ガス供給路側に設けられている当該燃料ガスの供給バルブと、
前記燃料電池の運転停止時、前記燃料ガス給排系における前記燃料ガスのうち当該燃料電池において化学反応可能な水素と、前記入口バルブおよび前記出口バルブによって封止された前記ガス流路内の酸化ガス中の化学反応可能な酸素とのモル比が最小目安の2またはそれ以上になるように制御する制御手段と、
前記燃料ガス給排系における化学反応可能な水素および前記酸化ガス給排系における化学反応可能な酸素のモル量を算出する算出手段と、
を有し、
前記燃料電池におけるセル電圧の大きさに応じて前記水素と酸素のモル比が最小目安の2またはそれ以上に維持されるように前記水素を供給し、前記燃料電池のアノードおよびカソードをともに水素雰囲気下にある状態とする
燃料電池システム。 - 前記算出手段は、前記燃料電池を含む前記酸化ガス給排系および前記燃料ガス給排系におけるガス流路の所定区間の容積と、前記水素または酸素の圧力とから算出するものである請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記算出手段は、前記バルブと前記燃料電池との間に位置する前記ガス流路の所定区間の容積と、前記水素または酸素の圧力とから算出するものである請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006089023A JP5164014B2 (ja) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
PCT/JP2007/057002 WO2007116814A1 (ja) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-23 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
US12/293,466 US8916306B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-23 | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
DE112007000681.1T DE112007000681B4 (de) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-23 | Steuerverfahren für ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
CN200780011843XA CN101416339B (zh) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-23 | 燃料电池系统及其控制方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006089023A JP5164014B2 (ja) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007265786A JP2007265786A (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
JP2007265786A5 JP2007265786A5 (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
JP5164014B2 true JP5164014B2 (ja) | 2013-03-13 |
Family
ID=38581108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006089023A Expired - Fee Related JP5164014B2 (ja) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8916306B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5164014B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101416339B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112007000681B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007116814A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5353558B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
US8232014B2 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-07-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell operational methods for hydrogen addition after shutdown |
JP5557579B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-02 | 2014-07-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5605106B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2014-10-15 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池発電装置 |
WO2018020675A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 車両システム |
KR20200133093A (ko) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-26 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 운전 제어시스템 및 제어방법 |
KR20210041971A (ko) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 수소 농도 추정시스템 및 추정방법 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05251102A (ja) * | 1992-03-05 | 1993-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | リン酸型燃料電池発電プラント |
JPH09199151A (ja) * | 1996-01-12 | 1997-07-31 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池およびその触媒処理方法 |
DE19953614A1 (de) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-17 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenanlage |
US6399231B1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2002-06-04 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for regenerating the performance of a PEM fuel cell |
US6881508B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-04-19 | Plug Power, Inc. | Apparatus and method for controlling a fuel cell system |
JP2004006166A (ja) * | 2002-06-03 | 2004-01-08 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質形燃料電池とその運転方法 |
JP2004158274A (ja) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池の水分状態推定装置および燃料電池システム |
JP4182732B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2008-11-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、およびこれを搭載した移動体、および燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP4028363B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-28 | 2007-12-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの発電停止方法 |
US7205058B2 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-04-17 | General Motors Corporation | Residual stack shutdown energy storage and usage for a fuel cell power system |
JP4581382B2 (ja) | 2003-11-27 | 2010-11-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP4661055B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-03 | 2011-03-30 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび運転方法 |
JP4629351B2 (ja) | 2004-03-19 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 固体高分子形燃料電池システム |
-
2006
- 2006-03-28 JP JP2006089023A patent/JP5164014B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-03-23 DE DE112007000681.1T patent/DE112007000681B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-23 US US12/293,466 patent/US8916306B2/en active Active
- 2007-03-23 WO PCT/JP2007/057002 patent/WO2007116814A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2007-03-23 CN CN200780011843XA patent/CN101416339B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007116814A1 (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
CN101416339B (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
JP2007265786A (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
US8916306B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 |
CN101416339A (zh) | 2009-04-22 |
DE112007000681T5 (de) | 2009-02-12 |
DE112007000681B4 (de) | 2015-01-15 |
US20090092868A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
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