JP4908821B2 - 支持体付水素分離膜、それを備える燃料電池および水素分離装置ならびにそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
支持体付水素分離膜、それを備える燃料電池および水素分離装置ならびにそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 272
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 254
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 254
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 215
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 220
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 117
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 115
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 argon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0053—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes
- B01D67/006—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods
- B01D67/0062—Inorganic membrane manufacture by inducing porosity into non porous precursor membranes by elimination of segments of the precursor, e.g. nucleation-track membranes, lithography or laser methods by micromachining techniques, e.g. using masking and etching steps, photolithography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02231—Palladium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
- C01B3/505—Membranes containing palladium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/94—Non-porous diffusion electrodes, e.g. palladium membranes, ion exchange membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0637—Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
20,20a 低硬度金属膜
21,32 接合面
22,31 貫通孔
30 支持体
40,40a 支持体付水素分離膜
50 プロトン導電性電解質膜
60 カソード
70,80 流路プレート
100 燃料電池
200 水素分離装置
Claims (13)
- 水素分離膜と支持体との間に、前記水素分離膜の硬度よりも低い硬度を有する低硬度金属膜を設ける第1の工程と、
前記水素分離膜、前記低硬度金属膜および前記支持体を冷間接合法により接合する第2の工程とを含み、
前記水素分離膜は、実質的に純粋なパラジウムの硬度よりも高い硬度を有するパラジウム合金を含み、
前記低硬度金属膜は、実質的に純粋なパラジウムからなることを特徴とする支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。 - 前記第1の工程は、前記接合の際の前記水素分離膜および前記支持体の対向面の少なくとも一方の面に前記低硬度金属膜を成膜する工程であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。
- 前記第2の工程は、前記水素分離膜、前記低硬度金属膜および前記支持体を接合する際の接合面に活性化処理を施した後に、冷間接合法により前記水素分離膜、前記低硬度金属膜および前記支持体を接合する工程であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。
- 前記低硬度金属膜は、水素透過性を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。
- 前記水素分離膜は、パラジウムまたはパラジウム合金を含み、
前記低硬度金属膜は、前記水素分離膜の硬度よりも低い硬度を有する金属またはパラジウム合金を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜の前記水素分離膜上に、プロトン導電性電解質膜およびカソードを形成する工程を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜の前記水素分離膜上および前記支持体下に、ガス流路を設ける工程を含むことを特徴とする水素分離装置の製造方法。
- 支持体と、
前記支持体上に積層された低硬度金属膜と、
前記低硬度金属膜上に積層され、前記低硬度金属膜の硬度よりも高い硬度を有する水素分離膜とを備え、
前記支持体、前記低硬度金属膜および前記水素分離膜は、冷間接合されており、
前記水素分離膜は、実質的に純粋なパラジウムよりも高硬度であるパラジウム合金を含み、
前記低硬度金属膜は、実質的に純粋なパラジウムからなることを特徴とする支持体付水素分離膜。 - 前記低硬度金属膜は、水素透過性を有することを特徴とする請求項8記載の支持体付水素分離膜。
- 前記水素分離膜は、パラジウムまたはパラジウム合金を含み、
前記低硬度金属膜は、前記水素分離膜の硬度よりも低い硬度を有する金属またはパラジウム合金を含むことを特徴とする請求項8または9記載の支持体付水素分離膜。 - 請求項8〜請求項10のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜と、
前記支持体付水素分離膜の前記水素分離膜上に形成されたプロトン導電性電解質膜と、
前記プロトン導電性電解質膜上に形成されたカソードとを備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 請求項8〜請求項10のいずれかに記載の支持体付水素分離膜と、
前記支持体付水素分離膜の前記水素分離膜上および前記支持体下に設けられたガス流路とを備えることを特徴とする水素分離装置。 - 水素分離膜と貫通孔を有する支持体との間に、前記水素分離膜の硬度よりも低い硬度を有しかつ水素透過性を有さない低硬度金属膜を設ける第1の工程と、
前記水素分離膜、前記低硬度金属膜および前記支持体を冷間接合法により接合する第2の工程と、
前記支持体の貫通孔を介して前記低硬度金属膜にエッチング処理を施すことによって、前記低硬度金属膜に貫通孔を形成する第3の工程と、含むことを特徴とする支持体付水素分離膜の製造方法。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005314300A JP4908821B2 (ja) | 2005-10-28 | 2005-10-28 | 支持体付水素分離膜、それを備える燃料電池および水素分離装置ならびにそれらの製造方法 |
DE112006003038T DE112006003038T5 (de) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-10-25 | Wasserstofftrennmembran mit einem Träger, Brennstoffzelle und Wasserstofftrenngerät mit dieser und Verfahren zum Herstellen von dieser |
CA2624979A CA2624979C (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-10-25 | Hydrogen separation membrane with a carrier, fuel cell and hydrogen separation apparatus having same, and method of manufacturing same |
CNA2006800401388A CN101297429A (zh) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-10-25 | 具有载体的氢分离膜、具有此膜的燃料电池和氢分离装置及其制造方法 |
PCT/IB2006/002991 WO2007049130A1 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-10-25 | Hydrogen separation membrane with a carrier, fuel cell and hydrogen separation apparatus having same, and method of manufacturing same |
US12/083,241 US9017757B2 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-10-25 | Hydrogen separation membrane with a carrier, fuel cell and hydrogen separation apparatus having same, and method of manufacturing same |
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JP2005314300A JP4908821B2 (ja) | 2005-10-28 | 2005-10-28 | 支持体付水素分離膜、それを備える燃料電池および水素分離装置ならびにそれらの製造方法 |
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JP2007117905A JP2007117905A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
JP4908821B2 true JP4908821B2 (ja) | 2012-04-04 |
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US (1) | US9017757B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4908821B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101297429A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2624979C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006003038T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007049130A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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JP4079016B2 (ja) | 2002-08-28 | 2008-04-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 中温域で作動可能な燃料電池 |
JP5061544B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-05 | 2012-10-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
US8110022B2 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-02-07 | Genesis Fueltech, Inc. | Hydrogen purifier module and method for forming the same |
US8961627B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 | 2015-02-24 | David J Edlund | Hydrogen generation assemblies and hydrogen purification devices |
US11738305B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2023-08-29 | Element 1 Corp | Hydrogen purification devices |
US10717040B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2020-07-21 | Element 1 Corp. | Hydrogen purification devices |
US9187324B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2015-11-17 | Element 1 Corp. | Hydrogen generation assemblies and hydrogen purification devices |
US20140065020A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | David J. Edlund | Hydrogen generation assemblies |
WO2015194470A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 水素排出膜 |
CN108212163B (zh) * | 2018-01-27 | 2020-09-04 | 西北有色金属研究院 | 一种氢分离用Ni基复合膜管及其制备方法 |
CN113560708B (zh) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-06-28 | 西安天力金属复合材料股份有限公司 | 一种钯基合金薄膜和多孔不锈钢载体的连接方法 |
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WO2000032512A1 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Integrated palladium-based micromembranes for hydrogen separation and hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions |
JP2001286742A (ja) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 水素分離膜 |
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2005
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2006
- 2006-10-25 CN CNA2006800401388A patent/CN101297429A/zh active Pending
- 2006-10-25 WO PCT/IB2006/002991 patent/WO2007049130A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-10-25 CA CA2624979A patent/CA2624979C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-25 US US12/083,241 patent/US9017757B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-25 DE DE112006003038T patent/DE112006003038T5/de not_active Withdrawn
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DE112006003038T5 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
US9017757B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
CA2624979C (en) | 2012-06-05 |
WO2007049130A8 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
US20100047648A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
WO2007049130A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
CA2624979A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
CN101297429A (zh) | 2008-10-29 |
JP2007117905A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
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