JP4535761B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
また、結着剤粒子の粒径を規制する技術が提案されている(特許文献2,3)。
このため、細孔内に結着剤が取り込まれる現象がほとんど生じなくなる。よって、結着剤の大部分が極板と活物質との密着性を高めるように作用し、炭素粒子の細孔で充放電が円滑に行われるようになる。したがって、負荷特性及び密着性が飛躍的に向上する。
結着剤粒子の平均粒径と炭素材料の細孔径D90との差は、より好ましくは0.1μm以上とし、さらに好ましくは0.2μm以上とする。
〈正極の作製〉
LiCoO2粉末と導電剤としての人造黒鉛粉末とを質量比9:1で混合して正極合剤となし、この正極合剤と、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)にポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)を5質量%溶かした結着剤溶媒とを、固形分の質量比で正極合剤:PVdF=95:5となるように混練して正極活物質スラリーを調整した。
平均粒径5μmのコークス粉末に、石油ピッチ(軟化点:250℃)及びケイ素粒子を加熱しながら混合し、その後ペレット状に成型した。次いで、窒素(不活性ガス)雰囲気で3000℃まで昇温して前記ペレットを黒鉛化した。この黒鉛ペレットを粉砕、分級することにより、後述する測定方法で測定した、細孔の直径を小さいものから大きいものへと積算したときの量が90%になる細孔径D90が0.04μmである黒鉛粒子を作製した。
上記黒鉛粒子と、後述する測定方法で測定した、平均粒径が0.5μmのスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)の水ディスパージョンとを水に分散させ、さらに増粘剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を加えて、負極活物質スラリーを作製した。この負極活物質スラリーは乾燥後の固形分質量組成比が、活物質:SBR:CMC=100:3:2となるように調整されている。
非水溶媒として、エチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチルカーボネート(DEC)を体積比5:5で混合し、この混合溶媒に電解質塩として六フッ化リン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を1モル/L濃度に溶かしたものを電解液とした。
下記表1に示すように、黒鉛の細孔径D90及びスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)の平均粒径を下記表1に示すように変化させたこと以外は、上記実施例1と同様にして実施例2〜4、比較例1〜5に係る電池を作製した。なお、黒鉛の細孔径D90は、作製時に混合するケイ素粒子の粒径を変化させることによってそのサイズを制御した。
黒鉛の細孔径D90は、(株)島津製作所製ASAP2010を用いて、窒素吸着法により測定した。
SBRの平均粒径は、(株)島津製作所製SLAD−2000Jを用いて測定した。
上記で作製した電池を1It(1800mA)で4.2Vまで定電流充電し、その後4.2Vで100mAまで定電圧充電した。その後、1Itで2.75Vまで放電し、電池容量を測定した。
そして、以下の式により負荷特性を測定した。この結果を下記表1に示す。
上記で作製した負極に対し、JIS D0202試験法により、密着強度を測定した。具体的には、負極に1mm角の碁盤目を100個(10×10)作製し、当該碁盤目上にセロハンテープ(ニチバン社製CT24)を完全に貼り付け、直ちにテープの一端を負極と垂直に保ち、瞬間的に引き離し、100個の碁盤目中に占める活物質の剥がれが生じていない碁盤目の数を計測した。この密着性を、百分率として下記表1に示す。
尚、上記実施の形態では角型外装缶を使用したが、円筒状、ラミネート外装体等種々の形状にすることができることは勿論である。また、固体高分子電解質電池にも適用することができる。
また、炭素材料粒子の粒径は5〜50mmの範囲であることが好ましい。
Claims (3)
- 正極と、
細孔を有する炭素材料粒子群と水に分散する結着剤粒子群とを含む負極と、
非水電解質と、
を有する非水電解質二次電池において、
前記細孔を有する炭素粒子群を、細孔直径の小さいものから大きいものへと積算するとき、全積算細孔直径が90%になる点における粒子細孔径D90が、前記結着剤粒子群の平均粒径よりも小さい、
ことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池において、
前記結着剤粒子群の平均粒径と前記炭素材料粒子群の細孔径D90との差が、0.06μmより大きい、
ことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。 - 請求項1または2に記載の非水電解質二次電池において、
前記炭素材料が黒鉛である、
ことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
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JPH07230804A (ja) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-08-29 | Nippon Sanso Kk | リチウム二次電池 |
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