JP2020109176A - ゲルに基づく複合材料を製造する方法 - Google Patents
ゲルに基づく複合材料を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
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- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/64—Alkaline compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
- D21H17/74—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic and inorganic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/02—Chemical or biochemical treatment
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Abstract
Description
−強度重量比が高いこと(低密度高引っ張り強度)
−クリープ抵抗が高いこと
−高温における引っ張り強度が高いこと
−靭性が高いこと
典型的には、強化材料は強いが、マトリックスは、通常、延展性のあるまたは強靭な材料である。複合材は、正しく設計され作り上げられるならば、強化材の強度をマトリックスの靭性と組み合わせて、いかなる単一の従来の材料においても得ることができない望ましい特性の組合せを達成する。例えば、ポリマー/セラミック複合材は、ポリマー成分よりも大きい弾性率を有するが、セラミックスのように脆くはない。
a)「繊維強化」、ここで、繊維は、主たる荷重保持成分である。
b)「粒子強化」、ここで、荷重は、マトリックスおよび粒子によって分担される。
c)「分散強化」、ここで、マトリックスは、主たる荷重保持成分である。
d)「構造複合材」、ここで、特性は、構成成分および幾何学的設計に依存する。
a)セルロース繊維を供給する段階、
b)少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料を供給する段階、
c)段階a)のセルロース繊維と段階b)の少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料とを組み合わせる段階、
d)少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料の存在下で、ゲルが形成されるまでセルロース繊維をフィブリル化する段階、
e)少なくとも1種のさらなる充填剤および/または顔料を供給する段階、
f)段階d)のゲルを段階e)の少なくとも1種のさらなる充填剤および/または顔料と組み合わせる段階
を特徴とする、ナノフィブリルセルロースゲルを含む複合材料を製造する方法により解決される。
OC−GCC:Omya AGから入手できるOmyacarb(登録商標)10−AV;高純度の白色大理石から製作された微細炭酸カルシウム粉末;Malvern Mastersizer Xで測定した重量中央粒径d50は10μmである。
ゲル形成
乾燥マットの形態のユーカリパルプ120gを細かく引き裂き、水道水5880gと混合し、対応する量(表1参照)のOC−GCCを添加した。得られた混合物を少なくとも15分間、4000rpmでPendraulik(溶解ディスク)を使用して攪拌した。配合物のフィブリル含量は3重量%であった。
2500rpmで5回通し、
2000rpmで2回通し、
1500rpmで2回通し、
1000rpmで2回通し、
750rpmで2回通し、
500rpmで2回通し。
ナノセルロースゲルの圧縮物を得て試験するために、試験片製造のための以下の配合物を表2に従って製造した。
1barで15分、
4barで120分、
6barで45分。
Claims (17)
- a)セルロース繊維を供給する段階、
b)少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料を供給する段階、
c)段階a)のセルロース繊維と段階b)の少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料とを組み合わせる段階、
d)少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料の存在下で、ゲルが形成されるまでセルロース繊維をフィブリル化する段階、
e)少なくとも1種のさらなる充填剤および/または顔料を供給する段階、
f)段階d)のゲルを、段階e)の少なくとも1種のさらなる充填剤および/または顔料と組み合わせる段階
を特徴とする、ナノフィブリルセルロースゲルを含む複合材料を製造する方法。 - 段階f)の組合せが、脱水段階g)において脱水されることを特徴とする、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - セルロース繊維が、ユーカリパルプ、トウヒパルプ、マツパルプ、ブナパルプ、麻パルプ、綿パルプ、竹パルプ、バガス、ならびに再生および/または脱インキパルプ、ならびにこれらの混合物を含む群から選択されるパルプに含有されるようなものであることを特徴とする、
請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - セルロース繊維が、好ましくは、0.2から35重量%、より好ましくは、0.25から10重量%、さらにより好ましくは、0.5から5重量%、特に、1から4重量%、最も好ましくは、1.3から3重量%、例えば、1.5重量%の固形含量を有する懸濁液の形態で供給されることを特徴とする、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階b)および段階e)の充填剤および/または顔料が、沈降炭酸カルシウム(PCC)、表面改質された炭酸カルシウム、天然粉砕炭酸カルシウム(PCC)、ドロマイト、タルク、ベントナイト、クレー、マグネサイト、サテンホワイト、セピオライト、ハント石、珪藻土、シリケートおよびこれらの混合物を含む群から独立に選択され、好ましくは、バテライト、カルサイトまたはアラゴナイト結晶構造を有する沈降炭酸カルシウム、特に、超微細で離散した、角柱状、偏三角状または菱面体状の沈降炭酸カルシウム、大理石、石灰石および/または白亜から選択される天然粉砕炭酸カルシウムならびにこれらの混合物の群から選択されることを特徴とする、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階b)の充填剤および/または顔料の粒子が、0.01から15μm、好ましくは0.1から10μm、より好ましくは0.3から5μm、特に、0.5から4μm、最も好ましくは0.7から3.2μm、例えば、2μmの中央粒径を有することを特徴とする、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階e)の充填剤および/または顔料の粒子が、0.01から5μm、好ましくは0.05から1.5μm、より好ましくは0.1から0.8μm、最も好ましくは0.2から0.5μm、例えば、0.3μmの中央粒径を有することを特徴とする、
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階b)および/またはe)の充填剤および/または顔料が、ポリカルボン酸および/もしくはこれらの塩または、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸に基づくエステル、例えば、アクリルアミドもしくはメチルメタクリレートなどのアクリル酸エステルなどの誘導体、またはこれらの混合物のホモポリマーもしくはコポリマー、アルカリポリリン酸塩、ホスホン酸、クエン酸および酒石酸ならびにこれらの塩もしくはエステルまたはこれらの混合物を含む群から選択される分散剤を伴うことを特徴とする、
請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 繊維と段階b)および/またはe)の少なくとも1種の充填剤および/または顔料との組合せが、充填剤および/もしくは顔料を繊維に、または繊維を充填剤および/もしくは顔料に、1段階または数段階で、添加することによって実行されることを特徴とする、
請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階b)の充填剤および/もしくは顔料ならびに/または繊維が、フィブリル化段階(d)の前または間に、好ましくは、フィブリル化段階(d)の前に、一度に全部または複数回に分けて添加されることを特徴とする、
請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 繊維の、段階b)の充填剤および/または顔料に対する重量比が、乾燥重量基準で、1:33から10:1、より好ましくは、1:10から7:1、さらにより好ましくは、1:5から5:1、典型的には、1:3から3:1、特に、1:2から2:1、最も好ましくは、1:1.5から1.5:1、例えば、1:1であることを特徴とする、
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - フィブリル化段階が、ホモジナイザーまたは超微細摩擦粉砕機によって実行されることを特徴とする、
請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 繊維の、段階e)の充填剤および/または顔料に対する重量比が、乾燥重量基準で、1:9から99:1、より好ましくは、1:3から9:1、さらにより好ましくは、1:2から3:1、例えば、2:1であることを特徴とする、
請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 段階b)およびe)の充填剤および/または顔料の全含量が、複合材料の乾燥重量基準で、10重量%から95重量%、好ましくは、15重量%から90重量%、より好ましくは、20から75重量%、さらにより好ましくは、25重量%から67重量%、特に、33から50重量%であることを特徴とする、
請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - ゲルを少なくとも1種のさらなる充填剤および/または顔料と組み合わせる段階ならびにこの組合せを脱水する段階による複合材料の製造のための、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のナノフィブリルセルロースゲルの使用。
- 請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法または請求項15に記載の使用により得られた複合材料。
- 例えば、建設もしくは包装材料としてのプラスチック、塗料、ゴム、コンクリート、セラミック、パネル、住宅、フォイル、フィルム、塗膜、押出し成形体、接着剤、食品における用途または創傷治癒用途における、請求項16に記載の複合材料の使用。
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