JP2017017364A - 太陽電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の太陽電池の製造方法は、第1の導電型不純物を有する半導体基板の前面をドライエッチングによりテクスチャリング(texturing)するステップと、前記半導体基板の前面にイオン注入法を利用してエミッタ層を形成するステップと、前記半導体基板の後面に後面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップと、前記エミッタ層に電気的に接続される第1の電極及び前記半導体基板の後面と部分的に接触する第2の電極を形成する電極形成ステップとを含むことを特徴とする。
【選択図】図1
Description
半導体基板10の前面12側には、第2の導電型不純物を有するエミッタ層20が形成され得る。本実施形態においてエミッタ層20は、断面ドーピングにより形成されるが、これについては、後述する。
半導体基板10の前面において、エミッタ層20の上に第1のパッシベーション膜21、反射防止膜22、及び第1の電極24が形成される。
半導体基板10の後面14にレーザーを照射して第1の部分340aが形成される部分で第2のパッシベーション膜32に貫通孔を形成する。その後、第2のパッシベーション膜32の上に第2の電極層340をメッキ、蒸着、スクリーン印刷などの方法により形成することができる。
10 半導体基板
20 エミッタ層
30 後面電界層
21 第1のパッシベーション膜
22 反射防止膜
32 第2のパッシベーション膜
24 第1の電極
34 第2の電極
Claims (20)
- 第1の導電型不純物を有する半導体基板の前面をドライエッチングによりテクスチャリングするステップと、
前記半導体基板の前面にイオン注入法を利用して第2の導電型不純物を注入してエミッタ層を形成するステップと、
前記半導体基板の後面に後面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップと、
前記エミッタ層に電気的に接続される第1の電極及び前記半導体基板の後面と部分的に接触する第2の電極を形成する電極形成ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記テクスチャリングするステップにおいて、前記ドライエッチングが反応性イオンエッチングによりなされることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板の前面が、前記テクスチャリングするステップにより1μm以下の表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体基板の前面が、前記テクスチャリングするステップにより300〜600nmの表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記テクスチャリングするステップの前に、前記半導体基板の前面及び後面を鏡面研磨するステップをさらに含み、
前記テクスチャリングするステップの後に、前記半導体基板の前記後面より前記前面がさらに大きい表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記半導体基板の後面が、前記鏡面研磨により100nm以下の表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1の導電型不純物がp型であり、前記第2の導電型不純物がn型であり、
前記後面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記後面パッシベーション膜はp型酸化膜を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記p型酸化膜は、希土類酸化物、アルミニウム酸化物、及びジルコニウム酸化物からなる群より選ばれた物質を少なくとも1つ含むことを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記エミッタ層を形成するステップの後に、前記半導体基板の前記前面に前面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップをさらに含み、
前記前面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記前面パッシベーション膜は、シリコン酸化膜を含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1の導電型不純物がn型であり、前記第2の導電型不純物がp型であり、
前記後面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記後面パッシベーション膜は、シリコン窒化膜と、前記シリコン窒化膜の上に形成されたシリコン酸化膜とを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記前面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップにおいて、前記前面パッシベーション膜は、アルミニウム酸化膜を含むことを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記エミッタ層を形成するステップの後に、前記半導体基板の前記前面に前面パッシベーション膜を形成するステップをさらに含み、
前記電極形成ステップでは、
前記後面パッシベーション膜の上に第2の電極膜を形成するステップと、
前記第2の電極膜をレーザー焼成コンタクトにより前記半導体基板と電気的に接続するステップと、
前記前面パッシベーション膜の上に第1の電極膜を形成するステップと、
前記第1の電極膜及び前記第2の電極膜を同時に焼成するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第2の電極は、前記半導体基板と点接触することを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記焼成するステップにおいて、前記後面パッシベーション膜及び前記第2の電極のうち、少なくともいずれか1つを構成する物質が前記半導体基板内に拡散されて後面電界層を形成することを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 第1の導電型不純物を有し、前面の表面粗さが後面の表面粗さより大きい半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前面側に形成され、第2の導電型不純物を有するエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の後面側に形成され、前記第1の導電型不純物を有する後面電界層と、
前記半導体基板の前面をパッシベーションする前面パッシベーション膜と、
前記半導体基板の後面をパッシベーションする後面パッシベーション膜と、
前記エミッタ層と電気的に接続される第1の電極と、
前記半導体基板の後面と部分的に接触する第2の電極と、
を備え、
前記半導体基板の前面が1μm以下の表面粗さを有することを特徴とする太陽電池。 - 前記半導体基板の前面が300〜600nmの表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記半導体基板の後面が100nm以下の表面粗さを有することを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1の導電型不純物がp型であり、前記後面パッシベーション膜は、p型酸化膜を含むことを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記p型酸化膜は、希土類酸化物、アルミニウム酸化物、及びジルコニウム酸化物からなる群より選ばれた物質を少なくとも1つ含むことを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の太陽電池。
- 前記後面電界層は、前記後面パッシベーション膜の上の全面に形成され、
前記第2の電極は、前記後面パッシベーション膜を貫通して前記後面電界層に点接触することを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の太陽電池。
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JP2011233875A (ja) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-17 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 |
US20110139239A1 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-06-16 | Lee Giwon | Solar cell |
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US20150129033A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US9634160B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
JP2013128095A (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
US20130153018A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
US8969125B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
JP6068028B2 (ja) | 2017-01-25 |
KR20130068968A (ko) | 2013-06-26 |
JP6449210B2 (ja) | 2019-01-09 |
KR101860919B1 (ko) | 2018-06-29 |
EP2605290B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
EP2605290A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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