JP2005190949A - 有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005190949A JP2005190949A JP2003434072A JP2003434072A JP2005190949A JP 2005190949 A JP2005190949 A JP 2005190949A JP 2003434072 A JP2003434072 A JP 2003434072A JP 2003434072 A JP2003434072 A JP 2003434072A JP 2005190949 A JP2005190949 A JP 2005190949A
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- organic electroluminescent
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- -1 aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 125
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 62
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 58
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 31
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 24
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 15
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FCNCGHJSNVOIKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-diphenylanthracene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 FCNCGHJSNVOIKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- KTQYWNARBMKMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KTQYWNARBMKMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N (e)-2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound N\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZNJRONVKWRHYBF-VOTSOKGWSA-N 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-julolidyl-9-enyl-4h-pyran Chemical compound O1C(C)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1\C=C\C1=CC(CCCN2CCC3)=C2C3=C1 ZNJRONVKWRHYBF-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000213 sulfino group Chemical group [H]OS(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006296 sulfonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CN=C2SN=NC2=C1 QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioridazine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C12=CC(SC)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCC1CCCCN1C NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetraphenylsilol-1-yl)propyl]azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si]1(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PWYVVBKROXXHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AKQNYQDSIDKVJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsilane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[SiH](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKQNYQDSIDKVJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 一対の電極間に発光層を含む少なくとも一層の有機化合物層を有し、電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物と電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物とを含有し、電圧印加時の発光が主に蛍光発光化合物からの発光に由来する有機電界発光素子であって、
該電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物が、ジスチリルアリーレン誘導体、オリゴアリーレン誘導体、芳香族含窒素ヘテロ環化合物、含硫黄ヘテロ環化合物、金属錯体、オキソ置換ヘテロ環化合物、有機ケイ素化合物、及び、トリアリールアミン誘導体からなる群より選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
【選択図】 なし
Description
外部量子効率φ=素子から放出されたフォトン数/素子に注入された電子数
外部量子効率φ=内部量子効率×光取り出し効率
有機化合物からの蛍光発光を利用する有機EL素子においては、内部量子効率の限界値が25%であり、光取り出し効率が約20%であることから、外部量子効率の限界値は約5%とされている。
この問題を改良する方法として、三重項励起子から一重項励起子へのエネルギー移動を用いた一重項発光素子が報告されている(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。しかしながら、この文献に記載の素子の外部量子効率の最大値は3.3%にすぎず、従来の一重項発光素子の外部量子効率(φ=5%)を超えておらず、効率の向上という観点からはさらなる改良が求められていた。
<1>一対の電極間に発光層を含む少なくとも一層の有機化合物層を有し、電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物(以下、適宜、蛍光発光化合物と称する)と電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物(以下、適宜、増幅剤と称する)とを含有し、電圧印加時の発光が主に蛍光発光化合物からの発光に由来する有機電界発光素子であって、該蛍光発光化合物が、ジスチリルアリーレン誘導体、オリゴアリーレン誘導体、芳香族含窒素ヘテロ環化合物、含硫黄ヘテロ環化合物、金属錯体、オキソ置換ヘテロ環化合物、有機ケイ素化合物、及び、トリアリールアミン誘導体からなる群より選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。なお、以下、これらの蛍光発光化合物をまとめて「特定蛍光発光化合物」と称することがある。
<3>前記発光層に含まれる蛍光発光化合物の濃度が0.1%以上10%以下であることを特徴とする<1>又は<2>に記載の有機電界発光素子。
<4>前記発光層に含まれる蛍光発光化合物の蛍光量子収率が70%以上であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<3>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<5>前記増幅剤の発光スペクトルと、蛍光発光化合物の吸収スペクトルと、が重なっていることを特徴とする<1>乃至<4>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<6>前記増幅剤のりん光量子収率が50%以上であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<5>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<7>前記増幅剤のりん光寿命が10μs以下であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<6>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子
<8>前記発光層の陰極側に隣接する層のT1レベル(最低励起三重項状態のエネルギーレベル)が、50 kcal/mol 以上(209.2 kJ/mol以上)、90 kcal/mol 以下(377.1 kJ/mol以下) であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<7>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<9>前記発光層の陽極側に隣接する層のT1レベル(最低励起三重項状態のエネルギーレベル)が、50 kcal/mol 以上(209.2 kJ/mol以上)、90 kcal/mol 以下(377.1 kJ/mol以下) であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<8>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
<18>前記有機電界発光素子から得られる発光が白色であることを特徴とする<1>乃至<17>のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
ここで、前記蛍光発光化合物として、少なくとも2種の化合物を含むことが好ましい態様である。
まず、本発明に用いうる(A)ジスチリルアリーレン誘導体について説明する。ジスチリルアリーレン誘導体とは、スチリル基がアリーレン連結基で2個、もしくはそれ以上連結した化合物のことである。
一般式(6)について説明する。
Ar61、Ar62はそれぞれアリール基を表す。アリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、アンスリル基、ペリレニル基、トリフェニレニル基が好ましく、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、アンスリル基、ペリレニル基がより好ましく、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、ペリレニル基がさらに好ましい。 Ar61、Ar62の少なくとも一つは3環以上のアリール基であることが好ましく、4環以上のアリール基であることがより好ましい。
R42、R43、R44、R45はアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、結合して環構造を形成する基が好ましく、アリール基、結合して環構造を形成する基がより好ましく、結合して環構造を形成する基がさらに好ましく、結合して芳香環を形成する基が特に好ましい。
R74はシアノ基、へテロ環基、エステル基、アリール基が好ましく、ヘテロ環基がより好ましく、ヘテロアリール基がさらに好ましく、含窒素5員のヘテロアリール基が特に好ましい。
R81、R82はアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基が好ましく、アルキル基、アリール基がより好ましく、アルキル基がさらに好ましい。R83、R84はアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基が好ましく、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基がより好ましく、アリール基がさらに好ましい。
Ar51、Ar52、Ar53はそれぞれアリール基を表す。アリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、アンスリル基、ペリレニル基、トリフェニレニル基が好ましく、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、アンスリル基、ペリレニル基がより好ましく、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ピレニル基、ペリレニル基がさらに好ましい。 Ar51、Ar52、Ar53の少なくとも一つは3環以上のアリール基であることが好ましく、4環以上のアリール基であることがより好ましい。
以下に本発明の有機電界発光素子に用いられる特定の蛍光発光化合物の好適な例を示すが、本発明はこれに限定されない。
本発明の発光素子においては、発光層中に蛍光発光化合物を2種以上含む場合、複数のの蛍光発光化合物は、互いに同じ基本構造を有する2種以上の化合物であっても、互いに異なる基本構造の化合物同士であってもよいが、すくなくとも1種が前記本発明に係る特定蛍光発光化合物であることが好ましい。
これら2種以上の蛍光発光化合物が互いに異なる色で発光し、例えば、白色の発光となってもよい。
少なくとも2種含まれる蛍光発光性化合物としては、特に限定されないが、前述の特定の蛍光発光化合物(好ましくは前記(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)、(E)、(F)、(H)であり、より好ましくは(A)、(B)、(C)である。)から選ばれる化合物と、縮環芳香族化合物とを含むことが好ましい。
発光層中に、本発明に係る特定蛍光発光化合物と、縮環芳香族化合物とが含まれる場合、両者の含有比は1:1程度であることが好ましい。
陽極の作製には材料によって種々の方法が用いられるが、例えばITOの場合、電子ビーム法、スパッタリング法、抵抗加熱蒸着法、化学反応法(ゾルーゲル法など)、酸化インジウムスズの分散物の塗布などの方法で膜形成される。
陽極は洗浄その他の処理により、素子の駆動電圧を下げたり、発光効率を高めることも可能である。例えばITOの場合、UV−オゾン処理、プラズマ処理などが効果的である。
陰極の作製には電子ビーム法、スパッタリング法、抵抗加熱蒸着法、コーティング法、転写法などの方法が用いられ、金属を単体で蒸着することも、二成分以上を同時に蒸着することもできる。さらに、複数の金属を同時に蒸着して合金電極を形成することも可能であり、またあらかじめ調整した合金を蒸着させてもよい。
陽極及び陰極のシート抵抗は低い方が好ましく、数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。
発光層の形成方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、抵抗加熱蒸着、電子ビーム、スパッタリング、分子積層法、コーティング法、インクジェット法、印刷法、LB法、転写法などの方法が用いられ、好ましくは抵抗加熱蒸着、コーティング法である。
洗浄したITO基板を蒸着装置に入れ、TPD(N,N’−ジフェニル−N,N’−ジ(m−ナトリル)−ベンジジン)を60nm蒸着した。この上に、CBP(下記構造)と特定蛍光発光化合物である例示化合物(1−8)を99:1の比率(質量比)で1nm蒸着し、この上にCBPとIr(ppy)3(下記構造)を90対10の比率で1nm蒸着し、このプロセスを5回繰り返し、計10nmの10層の交互積層膜を形成した。この上にBCP(下記構造)を20nm蒸着し、この上にAlq(下記構造)を30nm蒸着した。この有機薄膜上にパターニングしたマスク(発光面積が4mm×5mmとなるマスク)を設置し、蒸着装置内でマグネシウムと銀を25対1の比で100nm蒸着し、この上に銀を50nm蒸着して実施例1のEL素子を得た。
東陽テクニカ製ソースメジャーユニット2400型を用いて、直流定電圧を実施例1のEL素子に印加して発光させ、その輝度をトプコン社の輝度計BM−8を用いて測定した。
その結果、最高輝度約10000cd/m2の緑色発光が得られた。1000cd/m2での駆動耐久性を評価したところ、半減時間は下記比較例1の素子の約4倍であった。
特許文献2に記載の発光素子の作製
実施例1において用いた例示化合物(1−8)に代えてDCM2(下記構造)を用いた他は、実施例1と同様にして比較例1のEL素子を得た。実施例1と同様に最高輝度を測定したところ、赤色発光が得られたが、最高輝度は約5000cd/m2であった。
実施例1において用いた例示化合物(1−8)に代えて例示化合物(1−25)を用いた他は実施例1と同様にしてEL素子を作製し、同様に評価した。
その結果、最高輝度約6000cd/m2の赤色発光が得られた。1000cd/m2での駆動耐久性を評価したところ、半減時間は比較例1の素子の約2倍であった。
実施例1において、BCPとAlqの積層構造の代わりに下記化合物Aを50nm蒸着し、実施例1と同様にEL素子を作製し、同様に評価した。その結果、最高輝度約15000cd/m2の緑色発光が得られた。1000cd/m2での駆動耐久性を評価したところ、半減時間は比較例1の素子の約3倍であった。
実施例1において用いた例示化合物(1−8)に代えて例示化合物(1−26)を用いた他は実施例1と同様にしてEL素子を作製し、同様に評価した。
その結果、最高輝度約7000cd/m2の緑黄色発光が得られた。1000cd/m2での駆動耐久性を評価したところ、半減時間は比較例1の素子の約4倍であった。
洗浄したITO基板を蒸着装置に入れ、TPD(N,N’−ジフェニル−N,N’−ジ(m−ナトリル)−ベンジジン)を60nm蒸着した。この上に、CBPとDCJTB(下記構造)を99:1の比率(質量比)で1nm蒸着し、この上にCBPとIr(ppy)3を90対10の比率で1nm蒸着し、このプロセスを5回繰り返し、計10nmの10層の交互積層膜を形成した。この上に、例示化合物(1−2)と例示化合物(1−3)を95:5(質量比)の比率で5nm蒸着し、この上にBCPを20nm蒸着し、この上にAlqを30nm蒸着した。この有機薄膜上にパターニングしたマスク(発光面積が4mm×5mmとなるマスク)を設置し、蒸着装置内でマグネシウムと銀を25対1の比で100nm蒸着し、この上に銀を50nm蒸着して実施例5のEL素子を得た。このEL素子により、白色発光が得られた。1000cd/m2での駆動耐久性を評価したところ、半減時間は比較例1の約2倍であった。
Claims (7)
- 一対の電極間に発光層を含む少なくとも一層の有機化合物層を有し、電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物と電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物とを含有し、電圧印加時の発光が主に蛍光発光化合物からの発光に由来する有機電界発光素子であって、
該電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物が、ジスチリルアリーレン誘導体、オリゴアリーレン誘導体、芳香族含窒素ヘテロ環化合物、含硫黄ヘテロ環化合物、金属錯体、オキソ置換ヘテロ環化合物、有機ケイ素化合物、及び、トリアリールアミン誘導体からなる群より選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。 - 一対の電極間に発光層を含む少なくとも一層の有機化合物層を有し、電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物と電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物とを含有し、電圧印加時の発光が主に蛍光発光化合物からの発光に由来する有機電界発光素子であって、
該電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物を、少なくとも2種含むことを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。 - 前記発光層に含まれる電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物の濃度が0.1%以上10%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光層に含まれる電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物の蛍光量子収率が70%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物の発光スペクトルと、電圧を印加した時に蛍光発光する化合物の吸収スペクトルと、が重なっていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物のりん光量子収率が50%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の有機電界発光素子。請求項1〜5に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記電圧印加時に生成する一重項励起子の数を増幅させて電圧印加時の発光強度を増幅させる機能を有する化合物のりん光寿命が10μs以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の有機電界発光素子。
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US20090229652A1 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-09-17 | Mapel Jonathan K | Hybrid solar concentrator |
JP5326780B2 (ja) | 2008-04-28 | 2013-10-30 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 正孔注入輸送層を有するデバイス、及びその製造方法、並びに正孔注入輸送層形成用インク |
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