CN1463584A

CN1463584A - Tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed

Info

Publication number: CN1463584A
Application number: CN02123373A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐远驹; 李继新; 潘文杰; 姜超英
Original assignee: Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science
Current assignee: Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science
Priority date: 2002-06-18
Filing date: 2002-06-18
Publication date: 2003-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-18
Also published as: CN1181725C

Abstract

The present invention is the tobacco seedling growing process in water bed inside tray. The tobacco seedling growing process includes the steps of: preparing tray, medium, nutrient pool and nutritious liquid; filling medium and seeding; laying trays; water and fertilizer management, leaf cutting, thinning and transplanting. With deep tray and water bed, the present invention provides optimized tobacco seedling growing process. The said process results in developed root system of tobacco seedling and may be used for growing seeding of cotton, melon, vegetable and flower.

Description

Tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed

Technical field

The present invention relates to plantation and native water planting is arranged, specifically utilize many alms bowls hole plastic pallet and water bed to carry out the method that tobacco seedling is cultivated.

Background technology

The tobacco seedling seedbed makes and the way of seedling culture routine can be carried out in outdoor or booth, they can both obtain strong sprout through arduous cultivation, but need heel in, and it is time-consuming to heel in the work effort, sprout term disease is also relatively more serious under the outdoor situations, and the strain of difficult management seedling is uneven easily; Though now the tray seedling growth method cost of promoting is lower, need heel in equally, and for guaranteeing the normal growth of seedling, growth of seedling will stand the adverse effect of normally watering and bringing unavoidably; And the method for the another kind of floating seedlings of promoting now sees " calendar year 2001 Guizhou Province's leaf tobacco production technical seminar " academic exchange paper.This method can diseases prevention, also can heel in, but cost is very high, and seedlings root is flourishing inadequately.The method that a kind of Tray-water Bed that collects the length of all methods of special for this reason proposition is grown seedlings can be received the effect of maximizing favourable factors and minimizing unfavourable ones.

Technology contents

The present invention seeks to overcome heeling in trouble and watering and hinder seedling and the higher defective of cost of existing the above-mentioned prior art from the water bed breeding method of growing seedlings.

It based on the dipping that utilizes the water bed water planting and under the alms bowl face upwards supply water by bottom outlet and the capillarity principle of extra-nutrition liquid, kept the original structure of matrix, promote the good growth of root system, the purpose that reaches anosis strong sprout and reduce cost.

Tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:

1), prepares

A. select the capacious many alms bowls of single hole hole plastic pallet for use;

B. prepare matrix, select anosis loam for use, become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and mineral material, smash, mix

Sieve, disinfect;

C. make up the nutrition pond, build up the water bed of placing pallet, water bed pond face flattens by the level requirement;

D. by fertilizer application amount preparation in seedling stage nutrient solution, guarantee to contain nitrogen concentration in the aqueous solution;

2), sabot, the seedling medium for preparing is filled pallet alms bowl hole;

3), the sowing, the tobacco seed program request is broadcast in the implantation hole matrix, guarantee not hole;

4), code-disc, the pallet of one-tenth dish is placed on the face of water bed pond in the horizontal mode, and injects nutrient solution, change the nursery stage management over to;

5), seedling management

A. before emerging, keep the nutrient solution of water bed pond face and the bottom substrates at the bottom of the pallet alms bowl hole to be impregnated with 2cm;

Miao Qihou gives to be interrupted feed flow in the water bed pond, the timely supply of control nutrient solution is with the seedling alms bowl

Plant in the hole table soil tide and wet finger is the standard of fluid infusion, institute's Ensure Liquid liquid degree of depth is 1-2cm,

Pure N concentration in the nutrient solution is 150ppm;

B. when the cigarette seedling grows 3～4 true leaves, suitably thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, guarantee every Kong Youyi strain strong sprout;

C. when the seedling strain is grown tall to 5～6cm, begin to carry out leaf-cutting, front and back 2～3 times;

D. notice between nursery stage that the seedbed ventilates, prevent disease and burn seedling;

6) carry out hardening, simultaneously, control water, disconnected fertile in advance, with the clear water supply, hardening 7～8 days mends nutrient solution again, allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure when recovering slow according to the seedling wilting, after 2～3 days, prepares to transplant;

7), the seedling strain is transplanted into land for growing field crops, the plant continued growth.

The present invention has the good effect of the following stated:

1), because to have adopted plastic pallet be seedling implement, can realize rational intensive seeding and seedling raising, base starting material is easy to get, and preparation is convenient, so unit cost is lower, every mu than floating seedlings cost reduction by 35%.

2), pallet is used in combination with water bed, is convenient to management, avoids heeling in, having avoided waters hinders the drawback of seedling.Pallet immerses 1～2cm in the nutrient solution, supplies with in carrying substrates water planting mode, can inject at interval, can not influence the structure of matrix, has created the growing environment of best alternation of wetting and drying for the seedling pearl, and the uniformity of seedling strain growth is good,

3), particularly seedling alms bowl single hole volume is big, it is many to hold the matrix amount, and liquid manure is assembled sufficient, and venting capability improves, and the space of root system development is big, and these all help the root system development of seedling strain, and actual effect is obvious.The Tray-water Bed seedling is compared with floating dish seedling: shoot root fresh weight, the every strain of shoot root dry weight exceed 98% and 72% respectively.

4), seedling strain density is moderate, strong sprout the rate height.With 100 porose discs is example, and the Tray-water Bed seedling is compared with floating dish seedling: transplanted seedling total dry weight on year-on-year basis exceeds 27%, and root/shoot ratio exceeds 43%; In the management, nursery sock growing method using tray water bedly can directly control its hardening, so pallet needn't take out in water bed by the arrangement of water supply feed flow; Growth is balanced, coordinates, and the leaf-cutting number of times lacks than the latter, and water consumption and recruitment are all comparatively saved.

Embodiment

Be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:

Embodiment 1

At first, before sowing time, as in 2 months, get the articles for use materials last ten-days period ready, selects the capacious porous plastics pallet of single hole for use, specification is 74 hole/dishes of 590mm * 325mm * 63mm, the alms bowl hole depth is 63mm, can select at 55mm-65mm; Matrix preparation is selected anosis loam for use, become thoroughly decomposed careless excrement and perlite material, smashes, and mixes by 5: 3: 2, sieves, and the largest particles diameter is less than 0.5cm, and matrix is with being steam heated to sterilization treatment more than 90 ℃, and keeps 40 minutes; The nutrition pond makes up, and building up the pond inside dimension is the water bed pond of 1320mm * 620mm * 60mm, places for every group four dish, and bottom surface, water bed pond must be satisfied water planting and be soaked even level requirement; The nutrient solution preparation, preferred special-purpose seed manure is grasped by containing nitrogen concentration 150PPM, and this routine every pond is with measuring special tobacco seedling fertilizer (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 20: 10: 20) 12 grams, and fertilizer with a little clear water dissolving, fills up 16 kilograms in dosage water earlier then;

Sabot mixes the seedling medium for preparing, and adds water-wet earlier, mix well to hand and pinch the agglomerating degree of promptly loosing of landing, sabot is wipeed off, 2～3 in the every cave of capsuled seed is implanted in program request then, and the pallet of one-tenth dish is gone in the water bed pond with horizontal mode sign indicating number, every pond row four dishes; Again nutrient solution is injected the pond, keep the nutrient solution degree of depth of 2cm, avoid soaking, uninterruptedly to soak the suction mode to emerging, seedling is neat.

Miao Qihou is interrupted feed flow, the supply of control nutrient solution, and injecting the nutrient solution degree of depth is 1～2cm; When the seedling strain grows 3～4 true leaves, take the circumstances into consideration thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings polishing; When the seedling strain was grown tall to 5～6cm, beginning leaf-cutting strong sprout, the leaf-cutting position cut off above partial blade at the above 3cm of growing point place, and based on not sad leaf, leaves cutting tools must be made strict sterilization treatment, and available formalin or 5% clorox flood.Leaf-cutting is 2～3 times before transplanting;

Carry out hardening simultaneously, control water, disconnected fertile in advance, suitably mend with clear water according to seedling leaf withering situation, hardening 8 days mends nutrient solution again, allows it suction liquid manure, keeps 2-3 day, transplants at once; Seedling can adapt to land for growing field crops environment and continued growth.

In the concrete operations, the grasp of the nutrient solution degree of depth and fertilizing amount can change in the agronomy scope to some extent according to different utensils and condition, but should guarantee to soak the suction effect, must not therefore influence seed development and infringement growth of seedling.

Embodiment 2

Whole process such as embodiment 1.Wherein, matrix is selected anosis soil for use, become thoroughly decomposed careless excrement and burnt dust-ashes, and according to preparation in 1: 1: 1, careless excrement mixed mutually through airing, also hammering, sieves sterilization treatment; Sterilization treatment adopts the fumigation method, and matrix is piled high 25cm and permitted, and the shop film is added a cover, and with Celfume shutoff fumigation, the fumigation method is according to the medicine specification that helps.For ease of safeguarding cleaning and reducing influence, can spread with film at the bottom of the water bed pond and isolate.Hardening is controlled water, disconnected fertile in advance, mends with clear water when recovering slow according to the seedling wilting, and hardening 7 days mends nutrient solution again, allows it suction liquid manure, keeps 2-3 days, transplants at once;

Before transplanting the land for growing field crops, the seedlings root prosperity.The Tray-water Bed seedling is compared with floating dish seedling: the every strain of shoot root fresh weight is 1.03/0.52 (gram), the every strain 0.067/0.039 of shoot root dry weight (gram).Exceed 98% and 72% respectively.Transplanted seedling total dry weight 0.353/0.278 (gram) on year-on-year basis exceeds 27%, and root/shoot ratio 0.23/0.16 (gram) exceeds 43%.

Method of the present invention except that be suitable for comprising tobacco rearing condition is required the water bed of high and seedlings root prosperity to grow seedlings to use, also be suitable for other melon cotton vegetables and fruits, the growing seedlings and cultivating of flower plants and nursery stock seed.But seedling management wherein, leaf-cutting and hardening step are simplified to some extent, and the water and fertilizer management condition is slightly different.

Claims

1, a kind of tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:

1), prepares

A. select the capacious many alms bowls deep hole of single hole plastic pallet for use;

Sieve, sterilization treatment;

D. by special fertilizer application amount preparation in seedling stage nutrient solution, guarantee to contain nitrogen concentration in the aqueous solution;

2), sabot, the seedling medium for preparing is filled pallet alms bowl hole;

3), sowing, the tobacco seed program request broadcast plants in the pore matrix, guarantee not hole;

5), seedling management

Miao Qihou gives to be interrupted feed flow in the water bed pond, the timely supply of control nutrient solution is planted with the seedling alms bowl

Table soil tide in the hole and wet finger is the standard of fluid infusion;

6) carry out hardening, simultaneously, control water, disconnected fertile in advance, mend with the clear water supply when recovering slow according to the seedling wilting, hardening 7～8 days mends nutrient solution again, allows the cigarette seedling suction liquid manure, after 2～3 days, prepares transplanting;

7), cigarette transplantation of seedlings.

2, tobacco in seedling stage according to claim 1 is nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that in the said matrix preparation, select anosis loam, careless excrement and perlite material become thoroughly decomposed, smash, mixed by 5: 3: 2, sieve, the largest particles diameter is less than 0.5cm, matrix is with being steam heated to sterilization treatment more than 90 ℃, and keeps 40 minutes.

3, tobacco in seedling stage according to claim 1 was nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that said matrix is soil, become thoroughly decomposed careless excrement and burnt dust-ashes, according to preparation in 1: 1: 1.

4, tobacco in seedling stage according to claim 1 is nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that also having in its preparation process the water bed pond at the bottom of place mat isolate the film of usefulness, and when the code-disc step, make place mat earlier.

5, tobacco in seedling stage according to claim 1 is nursery sock growing method using tray water bed, it is characterized in that deep hole plastic pallet selected in the step 1) is 74 hole/dishes, and the alms bowl hole depth is 63mm.