CN101699985B - Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation - Google Patents
Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101699985B CN101699985B CN2009101028535A CN200910102853A CN101699985B CN 101699985 B CN101699985 B CN 101699985B CN 2009101028535 A CN2009101028535 A CN 2009101028535A CN 200910102853 A CN200910102853 A CN 200910102853A CN 101699985 B CN101699985 B CN 101699985B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling water of a seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation, relating to soilless and waterless seedlings culture of crops. The method comprises two steps of: reconstruction of a nutrition pool: removing an earth stripe at one end of a conversional nutrition pool, digging a puddle for storing nutrient fluid, sequentially arranging two columns of bamboo splints in the nutrition pool, and placing a floating plate overhead after the nutrient fluid is discharged so as to form an air layer between the bottom of the floating plate and the liquid level; and water control of cured tobacco seedlings by dry-wet alternation and discontinuous water supply: moving the nutrient fluid in due time according to the water requirement pattern of the cured tobacco seedlings so as to ensure water for the growth of the cured tobacco seedlings. The method has the advantages that: (1) the water supply time and the supplying water are based on the water requirement pattern of the cured tobacco seedlings in growing so as to be beneficial to promoting the growth of the seedlings and improving the quality of the cured tobacco seedlings; (2) the nutrient fluid is reused, the utilization ratio of water and nutrients is greatly improved, and the collected nutrients can also be used for other plants so as to reduce pollution to the environment; and (3) the plate airing process caused by overmuch water in a floating cultivation substrate during latter hardening off is reduced, the labor intensity is lowered and the manpower is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop genetics and the field of growing seedlings without native water planting, specifically, relate to the water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control technology.
Technical background
Floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco is very universal in each opium district of China, substituted the two-part flue-cured tobacco nutritive cube (bag) of in earlier stage popularizing heels in and grows seedlings comprehensively, it is to guaranteeing that flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating is intensive, flue-cured tobacco plays an important role for the seedling commercialization, to national flue-cured tobacco plan plantation, the rational deployment of kind also is of great significance with management.But the floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco early growth is slow, and Fast Growth mainly concentrates on after mid-March.If managed fine degree not, seedling stage low temperature, high humidity, seedling medium and floating plate the factor controlling such as do not match, when late April or May, transplanted the first tenday period of a month, cigarette seedling quality will be subject to very big impact; often can form high stalk; the stem degree of lignification is not high, and the cigarette seedling is delicate, the situation that anti-adversity ability is poor.In fact, in the middle of floating seedlings, the stability of the unit weight of seedling medium, suction character, structure, chemical composition content etc. have very important impact to tobacco seedling growth.If matrix unit weight is excessive, the matrix water holding is excessively dark, and water content is excessive, and early stage, emergence rate may be fine, but very soon can the appearance seedling, the phenomenon such as aerial root; Otherwise moisture deficit, emergence rate are excessively low.The water management that these problems and floating seedlings occur has very important relation, and its core is in the middle of the whole growing process, and floating seedlings water supply rule and plant seedling law of needing the water are inconsistent.For addressing this problem, the tobacco grower usually carries away seedling-cultivating tray from water, by the dish that the dries in the air method of (having another name called the solarization dish), reduces moisture too much in the later stage matrix, though certain effect is arranged like this, expense is time-consuming again, promotes very difficult.
There is no at present the patent application that relates to the water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control technology.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control to improve flue-cured tobacco seedling quality, reduces labour intensity, promotes the Nutrient Cycling utilization and strengthens ecological environmental protection.
The inventor recognizes the way of supplying water that improves floating seedlings by studying for a long period of time, carries out water management by the growth of seedling law of needing the water, is conducive to the raising of seedling quality.Must be interrupted and supply water as means with alternation of wetting and drying, carry out water management according to cigarette seedling law of needing the water.
Therefore, the water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control method that the inventor provides comprise flue-cured tobacco nutrition pond transformation and seedling stage moisture control two aspects, specifically, comprising:
(1) transformation in floating seedlings nutrition pond
End in conventional floating seedlings nutrition pond goes to the ridge, digs a puddle, repaves nutrition pond counterdie; Counterdie is transferred a plank between nutrition pond and the puddle, in the nutrition pond, puts two row's wood (bamboo) bars along the direction in nutrition pond simultaneously; After nutrient solution is emitted, play built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray, form at the bottom of the seedling-cultivating tray and the air layer between the nutrition liquid level in the pond; The puddle of nutrition pond one end is mainly used in storing nutrient solution, and excess moisture in flue-cured tobacco matrix when need regulating moisture and supplying with, can keep flat the plank between nutrition pond and puddle, and nutrient solution is put in the middle of the puddle, reaching the purpose of the dish wet down of drying in the air; When if seedling needs moisture, water body in the hole can be moved into the nutrition pond, guarantee the supply of seedling moisture.
(2) seedbed moisture control
Sowing is the little cross phase extremely: guarantee the growth of seed sprouting and Early seedling stage, add water body in the nutrition pond, liquid level surpasses wood (bamboo) bar thickness 2-3cm, allows all floating plates be in floating situation;
Little cross phase to the grand cross phase: suitably control moisture, guarantee planting percent.Specifically emit nutrient solution, built on stilts floating plate reduces water content of substrate, when stromal surface is turned white, again the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, keeps about 24 hours, emits nutrient solution again, repeatedly proceeds to the grand cross phase;
Grand cross phase to the leaf-cutting phase: emit nutrient solution, built on stilts floating plate, dry when stromal surface, when noon, seedling was slightly wilted, again the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, kept about 24 hours, emit again, repeatedly carry out.
Leaf-cutting is to becoming seedling stage: emit nutrient solution, and built on stilts floating plate, dry when matrix, when seedling is wilted noon, the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, kept 24 o'clock, emit again, repeatedly carry out.
In the transformation in above-mentioned floating seedlings nutrition pond, described puddle volume is the height that nutrition pool surface product descends with nutrient solution in the nutrition pond; During built on stilts floating plate, the water body descending depth is generally 3cm; Described plank aspect ratio is emerged about the high 1cm of front nutrition liquid level.
The inventor points out that little cross is before the phase, and the cigarette seedling is very fragile, and it is larger affected by water content of substrate, and if there is contain the jaundice of dilutional hyponatremia cigarette seedling because of the matrix reason, poor growth can appropriateness be emitted nutrient solution, and built on stilts floating plate reduces water content of substrate, guarantees the seedling seedling; If climate affects transplanting time, moisture can be regulated with leaf-cutting control and match, allow seedling when transplanting, keep the requirement in strong sprout; If sow evening or transplanting time in advance, can be at the grand cross after date, increase that matrix is moisture to contain fertile amount, accelerate growth of seedling.
Water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control method of the present invention, its advantage shows: (1) water supply time and output have been complied with Tobacco Seedlings growth law of needing the water, are conducive to promote growth of seedling, improve cigarette seedling quality.(2) nutrient solution is recycling, the nutrient solution of collection also can be used for other crop, has improved the availability of moisture, nutrient, has reduced environmental pollution.(3) reduce the dish process of drying in the air in levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance excess moisture, the later stage hardening process, reduced labour intensity, saved the labour.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is nutrition pool structure plane, and Fig. 2 is that the rear side viewing structural representation is transformed in the nutrition pond.
Among the figure, 1 is the nutrition pond, and 2 is the bamboo batten, and 3 is plank, and 4 is the puddle, and 5 is counterdie.
Embodiment
Embodiment: be that 11.5m, width are an end in the conventional floating seedlings nutrition pond 1 of 1.6m in length, go to the ridge, dig a long 1.6m, the square puddle 4 of wide 1m, its volume is slightly larger than the amount of liquid that the nutrition pond emits, counterdie 5 on 1 middle berth of nutrition pond; Counterdie is transferred a plank 3 between nutrition pond 1 and the puddle 4, in nutrition pond 1, puts two row bamboo battens 2 along the direction in nutrition pond 1 simultaneously; After nutrient solution was emitted, built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray formed at the bottom of the seedling-cultivating tray and the air layer between the nutrition liquid level in the pond; Puddle 4 is mainly used in storing nutrient solution, and excess moisture in flue-cured tobacco matrix when need regulating moisture and supplying with, can keep flat the plank 3 in 4 in nutrition pond 1 and puddle, and nutrient solution is put in the middle of the puddle 4, and reaching dries in the air coils the purpose of wet down; When if seedling needs moisture, water body in the hole can be scooped into or water pump pumps into the nutrition pond, guarantee that seedling moisture supplies with.
The main points of seedbed moisture control are:
Sowing is the little cross phase extremely: guarantee the growth of seed sprouting and Early seedling stage, add water body in nutrition pond 1, liquid level surpasses bamboo batten 2 thickness 2-3cm, allows all floating plates be in floating situation;
Little cross phase to the grand cross phase: emit nutrient solution, built on stilts floating plate reduces water content of substrate, when stromal surface is turned white, again the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, keeps about 24 hours, emits nutrient solution again, repeatedly proceeds to the grand cross phase;
Grand cross phase to the leaf-cutting phase: emit nutrient solution, built on stilts floating plate, dry when stromal surface, when noon, seedling was slightly wilted, again the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, kept about 24 hours, emit again, repeatedly carry out;
Leaf-cutting is to becoming seedling stage: emit nutrient solution, and built on stilts floating plate, dry when matrix, when seedling is wilted noon, the underground water body is moved into the nutrition pond, kept 24 o'clock, emit again, repeatedly carry out.
Claims (2)
1. water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation control method, it is characterized in that the method comprise flue-cured tobacco nutrition pond transformation and seedling stage moisture control two aspects, specifically, comprising:
(1) transformation in floating seedlings nutrition pond
End in conventional floating seedlings nutrition pond goes to the ridge, digs a puddle, spreads counterdie for nutrition pond and puddle again, and counterdie is transferred a plank between nutrition pond and the puddle; In the nutrition pond, put two row bamboo battens along the direction parallel with long limit, nutrition pond simultaneously; After nutrient solution was emitted, built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray formed at the bottom of the seedling-cultivating tray and the air layer between the nutrition liquid level in the pond; Nutrient solution be used for is stored in the puddle, when in the flue-cured tobacco matrix during excess moisture, the plank between nutrition pond and puddle is kept flat, and nutrient solution is put in the middle of the puddle, with the dish wet down of drying in the air; When if seedling needs moisture, nutrient solution moves into the nutrition pond in will cheating, and guarantees the supply of seedling moisture;
(2) seedbed moisture control
Sowing is the little cross phase extremely: for guaranteeing the growth of seed sprouting and Early seedling stage, add nutrient solution in the nutrition pond, liquid level surpasses bamboo batten thickness 2～3cm, allows all seedling-cultivating trays be in floating situation;
Little cross phase to the grand cross phase: emit nutrient solution, built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray reduces water content of substrate; When stromal surface was turned white, nutrient solution moved into the nutrition pond in will cheating again, keeps about 24 hours, emits nutrient solution again, repeatedly proceeds to the grand cross phase;
Grand cross phase to the leaf-cutting phase: emit nutrient solution, built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray, dry when stromal surface, when noon, seedling was slightly wilted, nutrient solution moved into the nutrition pond in will cheating again, keeps about 24 hours, emits again, repeatedly carries out;
The leaf-cutting phase is to becoming seedling stage: emit nutrient solution, and built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray, dry when matrix, when seedling was wilted noon, nutrient solution immigration nutrition pond kept 24 o'clock in will cheat, emitted again, repeatedly carried out.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the transformation in floating seedlings nutrition pond, and described puddle volume is slightly larger than nutrition pool surface product with the height of nutrient solution in the nutrition pond; The nutrient solution descending depth is 3cm during described built on stilts seedling-cultivating tray; The described plank aspect ratio high 1cm of front nutrition liquid level of emerging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101028535A CN101699985B (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation |
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| CN2009101028535A CN101699985B (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2009-11-17 | Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation |
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| CN101699985A CN101699985A (en) | 2010-05-05 |
| CN101699985B true CN101699985B (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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| CN102246687A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-23 | 遵义市烟草公司湄潭县烟草分公司 | Device capable of realizing 'alteration of wetting and drying' in floating seedling culture |
| CN102318516B (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-11-28 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司酉阳分公司 | Tobacco floating seedling raising and training device |
| CN103098645B (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-03-11 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Cultivation method of flue-cured tobacco small strong seedlings |
| CN103891588A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-02 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco float seedling breeding method using novel substrate |
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| CN110313391B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-10-12 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | Seedling raising method for whole roots in shallow water and air |
| CN114342767B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-08-22 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Two-section fixed-point fixed-plant blanket seedling raising method for tobacco |
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| EP0494820A1 (en) * | 1991-01-10 | 1992-07-15 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Improvements for the production of tobacco plants using the flotation system |
| CN1463584A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-31 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed |
| CN1799308A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2006-07-12 | 楚雄州烟草科学研究所 | Sand cultivation technique for flue cured-tobacco seedling |
| CN201146730Y (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-11-12 | 邢小军 | Floating tray for fire-cured tobacco seedling culture |
| CN101473755A (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-07-08 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco |
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2009
- 2009-11-17 CN CN2009101028535A patent/CN101699985B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0494820A1 (en) * | 1991-01-10 | 1992-07-15 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Improvements for the production of tobacco plants using the flotation system |
| CN1463584A (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-31 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Tobacco nursery sock growing method using tray water bed |
| CN1799308A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2006-07-12 | 楚雄州烟草科学研究所 | Sand cultivation technique for flue cured-tobacco seedling |
| CN201146730Y (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-11-12 | 邢小军 | Floating tray for fire-cured tobacco seedling culture |
| CN101473755A (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-07-08 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco |
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