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CN1240266C - Pot cultivation method of Chinese yam - Google Patents

Pot cultivation method of Chinese yam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1240266C
CN1240266C CN 03136589 CN03136589A CN1240266C CN 1240266 C CN1240266 C CN 1240266C CN 03136589 CN03136589 CN 03136589 CN 03136589 A CN03136589 A CN 03136589A CN 1240266 C CN1240266 C CN 1240266C
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China
Prior art keywords
chinese yam
basin
centimetres
support
hollow pipe
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 03136589
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CN1460404A (en
Inventor
赵冰
郭焱
赵鸿钧
唐红洁
张勇飞
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The present invention presents a pot type cultivation method for yams. By the technique, region limitation can be broken to the utmost extent; under different environmental conditions, the industrialized high-efficiency high-quality cultivation of yams can be carried out, which achieves the standardization of the quality of yams. By the technique, yams can also be enjoyed and cultivated in a balcony, etc. of a residential building in cities and towns. Through the pot type cultivation method for yams, labor intensity can be reduced by 60% to 80%, harvesting difficulty is also reduced, and the breakage rate of tubers of yams is effectively controlled. Produced yams have good color, regular yam shape and no plant disease or insect pest.

Description

The Chinese yam basin type cultivation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, particularly relate to a kind of Chinese yam basin type cultivation method.
Background technology
All there is cultivation in most of area to Chinese yam in the whole nation, as the typical case of the dish medicine dual-purpose crop that keeps healthy, is crucial simply traditional Chinese medicine, also is one of profuse famous and precious vegetables of nutritive value simultaneously.On average contain crude protein 14.48%, crude fat 3.78%, starch 43.79%, full sugar 1.14%, ash content 5.51%, potassium 2.62%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.72%, iron 53.75mg/kg, zinc 19.22mg/kg, copper 10.85mg/kg, magnesium 0.14%, calcium 0.12%, manganese 5.38mg/kg in the bright product of Chinese yam, and various vitamins, particularly free arginine content is up to 1.15%, and this has established abundant unique nutritional resource for Chinese yam.Simultaneously, contain many secondary metabolites in the Chinese yam, as hormonal presomas such as allantoin, sapogenin, choline, dopamines, Chinese yam is easy to change into the various hormone that needed by human body is wanted in vivo, become the material base that Chinese yam has the special medical health care, make that Chinese yam has that tonifying spleen is good for the stomach, is tonified the lung to relieve cough, nourishing and strengthening vital, stay to hold and prolong life, anticancer disease, prevent and treat effect such as diabetes, clinical be used to prevent and treat 200 surplus kind of disease.
Chinese yam at home and abroad market more and more receives an acclaim, market capacity increases year by year, but the problem that Chinese yam production at present exists is, Chinese yam production is long period, and cultivation labour intensity is big, and culture technique falls behind, main to dig the traditional planting technology of zanjon, a small amount of holing cultivating, sleeve pipe cultivation, the cultivation of cellar for storing things formula are also arranged, and these culture techniques all are subjected to the restriction of certain condition, can not large tracts of land be used for batch production production.Under these circumstances, press for the Chinese yam basin type cultivation technology of promoting, this technology can be broken the region restriction to greatest extent, carries out the cultivation of Chinese yam efficient industrial high-quality under the varying environment condition, reaches the standardization of Chinese yam quality; This technology also can be implemented in the places such as balcony in town dweller building and carry out the Chinese yam appreciation and cultivation, has solved for many years to make Chinese yam become the important member of balcony vegetables in the difficult problem of local cultivation Chinese yams such as balcony.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a kind of Chinese yam basin type cultivation method, and this technology can be broken the region restriction to greatest extent, carries out the cultivation of Chinese yam efficient industrial high-quality under the varying environment condition, reaches the standardization of Chinese yam quality; This technology also can be implemented in the places such as balcony in town dweller building and carry out the Chinese yam appreciation and cultivation.
1, the specification of Chinese yam basin and making require as follows:
(1) the Chinese yam basin mainly is made up of circle basin, hollow pipe, support three parts;
(2) justify on the basin inferior thick, 30 centimetres of its internal diameters, 31 centimetres of external diameters, high 12 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity; Circle basin top uncovered, circle basin bottom part center drilling, 8 centimetres in aperture, and stretch out a little cylinder downwards; Little cylinder is uncovered up and down, and roundlet tube manufacturing materials is identical with the circle basin, 8 centimetres of little barrel bores, and 9 centimetres of external diameters, high 5 centimetres, go up inferior thick;
(3) inferior thick on the hollow pipe, 9 centimetres of its internal diameters, 10 centimetres of external diameters, high 50 centimetres, made by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity, light tight, hollow pipe is uncovered up and down, the hollow pipe outer wall should be white, the little cylinder that stretches out downwards of circle basin bottom part should with just in time socket of hollow pipe;
(4) timbering material of Chinese yam basin can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, requires to support, fixes the circle basin, does not make and topples over.
2, Chinese yam basin type cultivation method concrete operations step is as follows:
(1) potato seed preparation, adopt particle diameter in the bulbil of the healthy full anosis worm more than 2 centimetres as potato seed, particle diameter is the bulbil diameter, and is as follows; Perhaps adopt the bulbil of the short yam variety of agricultural university, its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109078.8; Potato seed required after results dormancy 4 months, sowed preceding 2 weeks and carried out vernalization;
(2) the special-purpose cultivation matrix of Chinese yam is adopted in matrix filling, cultivation matrix, and its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109079.6; Earlier at circle basin bottom part shop one deck mulch film, attention will flatten mulch film before the filling, spreads then and sneaks into the special-purpose fertile cultivation matrix of Chinese yam, and the Chinese patent application of this special use fertilizer number is: 03120792.8; And make it to reach 9 centimetres regulation filling thickness, wipe off with scuppit; Per 1 kilogram of cultivation matrix is sneaked into the special-purpose fertilizer of 20 grams~30 grams, and the circle basin bottom part inserts hollow pipe, and hollow pipe and ground maintain an equal level; The hollow pipe outer wall should be white, to reach reflection daylight, reduces the temperature in the hollow pipe, guarantees the effect of Chinese yam stem tuber normal growth;
(3) support is fixed, and the support of Chinese yam basin will be convenient to pick and place the Chinese yam basin, and the material of support can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, and key is to support, to fix the circle basin, does not make and topples over; The support of balcony, garden cultivation should be light and handy, solid, attractive in appearance, and the support of batch production commerial growing is answered high strength, low cost, can reuse for many years;
(4) sowing is watered sufficient water to cultivation matrix earlier when sow for April then, digs a duck eye with scuppit in circle basin central authorities, and with the potato seed after the vernalization, promptly bulbil is accurately buried 4 centimeters under the distance cultivation matrix surface underground, scrapes plane surface again;
(5) growing season management after Chinese yam emerges, need be set up the climing support of stem, requires to exceed 50 centimetres than Chinese yam basin, and material can be used the wooden one-tenth of bamboo, should unify sterilization before using; At the Chinese yam basin bottom part, promptly under the hollow tube base condition above ground level 30 centimetres, can not set up the climing support of stem, let alone sagging growth, note getting final product around evenly making the Chinese yam basin in order stem is climing; After emerging, each Chinese yam basin watered every 1 day permeable 1 time;
(6) results, treat by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf is withered and yellow after, can gather in the crops Chinese yam; During results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then the Chinese yam basin is raised more than 60 centimetres, lay down hollow pipe downwards,, can take off Chinese yam with the Chinese yam stem tuber base portion of have gentle hands folding with Chinese yam circle basin bottom part junction.
Advantage of the present invention is to have created a kind of Chinese yam basin type cultivation method, and this technology can be broken the region restriction to greatest extent, carries out the cultivation of Chinese yam efficient industrial high-quality under the varying environment condition, reaches the standardization of Chinese yam quality; This method also can be implemented in the places such as balcony in town dweller building and carry out the Chinese yam appreciation and cultivation, has solved for many years to make Chinese yam become the important member of balcony vegetables in the difficult problem of local cultivation Chinese yams such as balcony.By the Chinese yam basin type cultivation method, can reduce labor intensity 60%~80%, and reduce the results difficulty, effectively controlled the breakage rate of Chinese yam stem tuber.
Description of drawings
Patent of the present invention has 3 accompanying drawings.Accompanying drawing 1 title is that Chinese yam basin structure front view, accompanying drawing 2 titles are that Chinese yam basin structure vertical view, accompanying drawing 3 titles are Chinese yam basin type cultivation schematic diagram.
Embodiment
(1) Chinese yam batch production basin type cultivation method
1, the specification of Chinese yam basin and making require as follows:
(1) the Chinese yam basin mainly is made up of circle basin, hollow pipe, support three parts.
(2) justify on the basin inferior thick, 30 centimetres of its internal diameters, 31 centimetres of external diameters, high 12 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity; Circle basin top uncovered, circle basin bottom part center drilling, 8 centimetres in aperture, and stretch out a little cylinder downwards; Little cylinder is uncovered up and down, and roundlet tube manufacturing materials is identical with the circle basin, 8 centimetres of little barrel bores, and 9 centimetres of external diameters, high 5 centimetres, go up inferior thick.
(3) inferior thick on the hollow pipe, 9 centimetres of its internal diameters, 10 centimetres of external diameters, high 50 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity, light tight.Hollow pipe is uncovered up and down, and the hollow pipe outer wall is a white.The little cylinder that stretches out downwards of circle basin bottom part should with just in time socket of hollow pipe.
(4) timbering material of Chinese yam basin can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, requires to support, fixes the circle basin, does not make and topples over.
2, Chinese yam batch production basin type cultivation method concrete operations step is as follows:
(1) potato seed preparation.Adopt particle diameter in the bulbil of the healthy full anosis worm more than 2 centimetres as potato seed, particle diameter is the bulbil diameter, and is as follows; Perhaps adopt the bulbil of the short yam variety of agricultural university, its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109078.8; Potato seed required after results dormancy 4 months, sowed preceding 2 weeks and carried out vernalization, and vernalization requires with Chinese yam conventional cultivation technology.
(2) matrix filling.Cultivation matrix adopts the special-purpose cultivation matrix of Chinese yam, and its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109079.6; Earlier at circle basin bottom part shop one deck mulch film, attention will flatten mulch film before the filling, spreads then and sneaks into the special-purpose fertile cultivation matrix of Chinese yam, and the Chinese patent application of this special use fertilizer number is: 03120792.8; And make it to reach 9 centimetres regulation filling thickness, wipe off with scuppit; Per 1 kilogram of cultivation matrix is sneaked into the special-purpose fertilizer of 30 grams, and the circle basin bottom part inserts hollow pipe, and hollow pipe and ground maintain an equal level; The hollow pipe outer wall should be white, to reach reflection daylight, reduces the temperature in the hollow pipe, guarantees the effect of Chinese yam stem tuber normal growth.
(3) arrangement of Chinese yam basin and support are fixed.The distance between rows and hills of Chinese yam basin should be 100 * 50 centimetres, and the support of Chinese yam basin will be convenient to pick and place the Chinese yam basin, and the material of support can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, and key is to support, to fix the circle basin, does not make and topples over.The support of batch production commerial growing is answered high strength, low cost, can reuse for many years.
(4) sowing.Earlier cultivation matrix is watered sufficient water when sow for April then, dig a duck eye with scuppit in circle basin central authorities, with the potato seed after the vernalization, promptly bulbil is accurately buried 4 centimeters under the distance cultivation matrix surface underground, scrapes plane surface again.
(5) growing season management.After Chinese yam emerges, need set up the climing support of stem, require to exceed 50 centimetres than Chinese yam basin, material can be used the wooden one-tenth of bamboo, should unify sterilization before using; At the Chinese yam basin bottom part, promptly under the hollow tube base condition above ground level 30 centimetres, can not set up the climing support of stem, let alone sagging growth, note getting final product around evenly making the Chinese yam basin in order stem is climing; After emerging, each Chinese yam basin watered every 1 day permeable 1 time, and the extermination of disease and insect pest is with the Chinese yam conventional cultivation.
(6) results.After treating by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf is withered and yellow, can gather in the crops Chinese yam; During results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then the Chinese yam basin is raised more than 60 centimetres, carefully lay down hollow pipe downwards,, can take off Chinese yam with the Chinese yam stem tuber base portion of have gentle hands folding with Chinese yam circle basin bottom part junction.
(2) Chinese yam balcony basin type cultivation method
1, the specification of Chinese yam basin and making require as follows:
(1) the Chinese yam basin mainly is made up of circle basin, hollow pipe, support three parts.
(2) justify on the basin inferior thick, 30 centimetres of its internal diameters, 31 centimetres of external diameters, high 12 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity; Circle basin top uncovered, circle basin bottom part center drilling, 8 centimetres in aperture, and stretch out a little cylinder downwards; Little cylinder is uncovered up and down, and roundlet tube manufacturing materials is identical with the circle basin, 8 centimetres of little barrel bores, and 9 centimetres of external diameters, high 5 centimetres, go up inferior thick.
(3) inferior thick on the hollow pipe, 9 centimetres of its internal diameters, 10 centimetres of external diameters, high 50 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity, light tight.Hollow pipe is uncovered up and down, and the hollow pipe outer wall is a white.The little cylinder that stretches out downwards of circle basin bottom part should with just in time socket of hollow pipe.
(4) support of Chinese yam basin can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, requires to support, fixes the circle basin, does not make and topples over.
2, Chinese yam balcony basin type cultivation method concrete operations step is as follows:
(1) potato seed preparation.Adopt particle diameter in the bulbil of the healthy full anosis worm more than 2 centimetres as potato seed, particle diameter is the bulbil diameter, and is as follows; Perhaps adopt the bulbil of the short yam variety of agricultural university, its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109078.8; Potato seed required after results dormancy 4 months, sowed preceding 2 weeks and carried out vernalization, and vernalization requires with Chinese yam conventional cultivation technology.
(2) matrix filling.Cultivation matrix adopts the special-purpose cultivation matrix of Chinese yam, and its Chinese number of patent application is: 03109079.6; Earlier at circle basin bottom part shop one deck mulch film, attention will flatten mulch film before the filling, spreads then and sneaks into the special-purpose fertile cultivation matrix of Chinese yam, and the Chinese patent application of this special use fertilizer number is: 03120792.8; And make it to reach 9 centimetres regulation filling thickness, wipe off with scuppit; Per 1 kilogram of cultivation matrix is sneaked into the special-purpose fertilizer of 20 grams, and the circle basin bottom part inserts hollow pipe, and hollow pipe and ground maintain an equal level; The hollow pipe outer wall should be white, to reach reflection daylight, reduces the temperature in the hollow pipe, guarantees the effect of Chinese yam stem tuber normal growth.
(3) support is fixed.The support of Chinese yam basin will be convenient to pick and place the Chinese yam basin, and the material of support can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, and key is to support, to fix the circle basin, does not make and topples over.The support of balcony, garden cultivation should be light and handy, solid, attractive in appearance.
(4) sowing.Earlier cultivation matrix is watered sufficient water when sow for April then, dig a duck eye with scuppit in circle basin central authorities, with the potato seed after the vernalization, promptly bulbil is accurately buried 4 centimeters under the distance cultivation matrix surface underground, scrapes plane surface again.
(5) growing season management.After Chinese yam emerges, need set up the climing support of stem, require to exceed 50 centimetres than Chinese yam basin, material can be used the wooden one-tenth of bamboo, should unify sterilization before using; At the Chinese yam basin bottom part, promptly under the hollow tube base condition above ground level 30 centimetres, can not set up the climing support of stem, let alone sagging growth, note getting final product around evenly making the Chinese yam basin in order stem is climing; After emerging, each Chinese yam basin watered every 1 day permeable 1 time, and the extermination of disease and insect pest is with the Chinese yam conventional cultivation.
(6) results.After treating by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf is withered and yellow, can gather in the crops Chinese yam; During results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then the Chinese yam basin is raised more than 60 centimetres, carefully lay down hollow pipe downwards,, can take off Chinese yam with the Chinese yam stem tuber base portion of have gentle hands folding with Chinese yam circle basin bottom part junction.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1, the Chinese yam basin type cultivation method is characterized in that, wherein the specification of Chinese yam basin requires to comprise following content with making:
(1) the Chinese yam basin mainly is made up of circle basin, hollow pipe, support three parts;
(2) justify on the basin inferior thick, 30 centimetres of its internal diameters, 31 centimetres of external diameters, high 12 centimetres, make by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity; Circle basin top uncovered, circle basin bottom part center drilling, 8 centimetres in aperture, and stretch out a little cylinder downwards; Little cylinder is uncovered up and down, and roundlet tube manufacturing materials is identical with the circle basin, 8 centimetres of little barrel bores, and 9 centimetres of external diameters, high 5 centimetres, go up inferior thick;
(3) inferior thick on the hollow pipe, 9 centimetres of its internal diameters, 10 centimetres of external diameters, high 50 centimetres, made by common PVC plastics or other non-toxic material with same intensity, light tight, hollow pipe is uncovered up and down, the hollow pipe outer wall should be white, the little cylinder that stretches out downwards of circle basin bottom part should with just in time socket of hollow pipe;
(4) timbering material of Chinese yam basin can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, requires to support, fixes the circle basin, does not make and topples over.
2, Chinese yam basin type cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises following cultivation step:
(1) potato seed preparation, adopt particle diameter in the bulbil of the healthy full anosis worm more than 2 centimetres as potato seed; Perhaps adopt the bulbil of the short yam variety of agricultural university; Potato seed required after results dormancy 4 months, sowed preceding 2 weeks and carried out vernalization;
(2) the special-purpose cultivation matrix of Chinese yam is adopted in matrix filling, cultivation matrix; Earlier at circle basin bottom part shop one deck mulch film, attention will flatten mulch film before the filling, spreads then and sneaks into the special-purpose fertile cultivation matrix of Chinese yam; And make it to reach 9 centimetres regulation filling thickness, wipe off with scuppit; Per 1 kilogram of cultivation matrix is sneaked into the special-purpose fertilizer of 20 grams~30 grams, and the circle basin bottom part inserts hollow pipe, and hollow pipe and ground maintain an equal level; The hollow pipe outer wall should be white, to reach reflection daylight, reduces the temperature in the hollow pipe, guarantees the effect of Chinese yam stem tuber normal growth;
(3) support is fixed, and the support of Chinese yam basin will be convenient to pick and place the Chinese yam basin, and the material of support can be made by reinforcing bar, bamboo wood, masonry, and support should be evenly distributed on round basin bottom part, and key is to support, to fix the circle basin, does not make and topples over; The support of balcony, garden cultivation should be light and handy, solid, attractive in appearance, and the support of batch production commerial growing is answered high strength, low cost, can reuse for many years;
(4) sowing is watered sufficient water to cultivation matrix earlier when sow for April then, digs a duck eye with scuppit in circle basin central authorities, and with the potato seed after the vernalization, promptly bulbil is accurately buried 4 centimeters under the distance cultivation matrix surface underground, scrapes plane surface again;
(5) growing season management after Chinese yam emerges, need be set up the climing support of stem, requires to exceed 50 centimetres than Chinese yam basin, and material can be used the wooden one-tenth of bamboo, should unify sterilization before using; At the Chinese yam basin bottom part, promptly under the hollow tube base condition above ground level 30 centimetres, can not set up the climing support of stem, let alone sagging growth, note getting final product around evenly making the Chinese yam basin in order stem is climing; After emerging, each Chinese yam basin watered every 1 day permeable 1 time;
(6) results, treat by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf is withered and yellow after, can gather in the crops Chinese yam; During results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then the Chinese yam basin is raised more than 60 centimetres, lay down hollow pipe downwards,, can take off Chinese yam with the Chinese yam stem tuber base portion of have gentle hands folding with Chinese yam circle basin bottom part junction.
CN 03136589 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Pot cultivation method of Chinese yam Expired - Fee Related CN1240266C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 03136589 CN1240266C (en) 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Pot cultivation method of Chinese yam

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 03136589 CN1240266C (en) 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Pot cultivation method of Chinese yam

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CN1240266C true CN1240266C (en) 2006-02-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100512623C (en) * 2007-05-26 2009-07-15 林桂发 Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1311728C (en) * 2005-05-24 2007-04-25 四川大学 Method for culturing Chinese yam of filling polystyrene partical in narrow-space
CN100334935C (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-09-05 四川大学 Hole-making apparatus used specially for hole type planting of Chinese yam
CN104285704A (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-21 陈洁玲 Directional tuber bearing cylinder for planting Chinese yam
CN104303753B (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-05-25 范茂瑄 A kind of hanging type Chang Mount medicine cultural method
CN104521498B (en) * 2014-12-17 2017-05-10 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 Reverse buckling type pueraria lobata cultivation method
CN105191640B (en) * 2015-10-17 2017-09-26 恩施市巨鑫现代农业开发有限公司 A kind of quill cultural method of Chinese yam
CN106665075A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-17 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 Facility planting method for Chinese yam directional tuber formation in courtyard balcony
CN110833004A (en) * 2018-08-16 2020-02-25 危久煊 Overhead yam planting method
CN114375787A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-22 邹城市同泰科技开发有限责任公司 Chinese yam plastic cylinder planting technology

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100512623C (en) * 2007-05-26 2009-07-15 林桂发 Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method

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