CN100512623C - Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method - Google Patents
Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100512623C CN100512623C CNB2007100282667A CN200710028266A CN100512623C CN 100512623 C CN100512623 C CN 100512623C CN B2007100282667 A CNB2007100282667 A CN B2007100282667A CN 200710028266 A CN200710028266 A CN 200710028266A CN 100512623 C CN100512623 C CN 100512623C
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- guide slot
- inclined plane
- groove
- plane
- planting
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Links
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 15
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000234272 Dioscoreaceae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012020 french fries Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000281702 Dioscorea villosa Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005071 geotropism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a yam directional groove shallow planting method, which adopts the technical scheme that the ridge body covering ditch row spacing is L1The width of the excavation inclined plane is L which is 0.9-1.7 m20.5-1.1 m, the slope of the inclined plane is alpha 12-40 degrees, and the height from the bottom of the inclined plane to the ground is H1The height of the top of the inclined plane is H from the ground28-15 cm; after conventional base fertilizer is spread on the inclined plane, small ditches matched with the directional grooves are excavated along the inclined plane according to the plant spacing of 20-25 cm, the small ditches are excavated along the inclined plane in the slope direction, then the directional grooves are placed in the small ditches, and soft filler is placed in the directional grooves; backfill thickness of H3Arranging 5-15 cm of cultivated soil into a ridge body with side ditches, and processing the width and the depth of the side ditches according to a conventional method; and (4) planting potato seeds above the position which is 1-3 cm away from the upper end of the orientation groove horizontally and 4-10 cm away from the upper end of the orientation groove vertically. The method has the advantages of suitability for planting in various soils, convenient harvesting, high yield, good quality and good commodity characters, and is suitable for planting various dioscoreaceae Chinese yams.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Dioscoreaceae plant yam cultivation technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam.
Background technology
Because the geotropism of Chinese yam stem tuber growth, traditional cultivation all are to be planted in that soil layer is deep, subterranean water level is lower, irrigation and drainage are sandy soil easily; Chinese yam length can reach one meter in addition; the stem tuber quality is tender and crisp, and is so the labour intensity of gathering is big, time-consuming; easy damaged stem tuber also; and its output is also lower, and commodity property is poor; in hillside and sticking, harder soil property, be not suitable for plantation, limited the large-scale production of Chinese yam like this.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the problems referred to above, a kind of plantation in the various soil, the convenience of gathering, output height, quality better, method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam that commodity property is good of being adapted at is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
1, a kind of method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam comprises:
A), be L by ridge body bag ditch line-spacing
1=0.9～1.7m excavation surface width is L
2=0.5～1.1m, surface slope are α=12～40 degree, and the bottom on inclined-plane is H apart from ground level
1=13～38cm, the top on inclined-plane is risen ground and is H apart from ground level
2=8～15cm;
B), after spreading fertilizer over the fields conventional base manure on the inclined-plane, by the spacing in the rows 20～25cm excavation ditch with the guide slot coupling, this ditch then, is placed guide slot, and insert soft filler in guide slot along inclined-plane aspect excavation in ditch along the inclined-plane;
C), backfill thickness is H
3The mold of=5～15cm, and the arrangement become the ridge body that has gutter, the width and the degree of depth of this gutter are handled routinely;
D), level apart from guide slot upper end 1～3cm, vertically locate above the 4～10cm of guide slot upper end kind under the potato kind.
Guide slot of the present invention, adopting flute length 50～110cm, groove depth 1.8～4.5cm, the wide 3～7cm of groove face, groove arc length 7～14cm, groove arc radius of curvature is the plastic channel of 1.5～5cm, the upper end closed of this groove, the lower ending opening of this groove, the lower end of this groove also can be sealed, during lower end closed, generally several apertures should be set at the bottom land place.
The present invention, soft filler generally is the mixed fillers that adopts fine sand, ash and wood chip, also can adopt the mixed fillers of fine sand, ash and cavings, its volume ratio is fine sand: ash: wood chip or cavings=70～80:5:15～25.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1), utilize guide slot guiding Chinese yam stem tuber to grow the problem that it is inconvenient that solution is gathered at shallow soil layer;
2), in guide slot, insert soft filler, guide slot can be by the backfill soil filling, for the elongation of Chinese yam stem tuber provides fine environment, solve the directed shallow living French fries crooked problem that arches upward easily, and guide slot place can be more flat, give full play to the advantage of shallow living saving of labor's high yield, can reach in sticking, the harder soil property at hillside and plant, breaking traditions can only be in the limitation of dark soil layer blanket sand quality plantation, and favourable large tracts of land is promoted, and forms large-scale production;
3), guide slot is set, when gathering, can stay potato head and guide slot, often regulate reason and can normally gather once more the coming year, also can only stay guide slot, plants when waiting for favorable season, makes the plastics guide slot reusable, so can reduce planting cost;
4), shallow planting plantation, can make full use of the day and night bigger characteristics of the temperature difference of shallow soil layer, the growth of potato piece is fast, output is high, quality better, commodity property are good.
So the present invention has and is adapted at plantation in the various soil, the convenience of gathering, output height, quality better, advantage that commodity property is good, is applicable to various Dioscoreaceae yam cultivations plantations.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Among the figure, 1, guide slot, 2, the potato kind, 3, the inclined-plane, 4, gutter, 5, the ridge body, 6, mold; L
1, ridge body bag ditch line-spacing, L
2, surface width, H
1, the inclined-plane the bottom apart from ground level, H
2, the inclined-plane the top apart from ground level, H
3, mold backfill thickness, α, surface slope.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of concrete steps of method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam are:
1), select the potato kind: selecting the potato piece of the sturdy health that new garden gathers is the potato kind;
2), be ready to the plastics guide slot: according to length, the size of Chinese yam different cultivars stem tuber, customization flute length 50～110cm, groove depth 1.8～4.5cm, groove arc length 7～14cm, groove arc radius of curvature are the plastics guide slot 1 of 1.5～5cm, the upper end closed of this groove, the lower end of this groove is also sealed, and the aperture of three diameter 2～3mm is set at the bottom land place;
3), wholely put groove: building road and irrigation and drainage system in the garden well, use lime 25kg by every mu, evenly sprinkle pulverized limestone, is L by ridge body bag ditch line-spacing
1=0.9～1.7m excavates inclined-plane 3, and surface width is L
2=0.5～1.1m, surface slope are α=12～40 degree, and the bottom on inclined-plane is H apart from ground level
1=13～38cm, the top on inclined-plane is risen ground and is H apart from ground level
2=8～15cm; On the inclined-plane, spread fertilizer over the fields superphosphate 50kg, composite fertilizer 30kg, the fertile 1000kg of decomposed organic matter by every mu, the ditch that mates by spacing in the rows 20～25cm excavation and guide slot along the inclined-plane, this ditch excavates along the inclined-plane aspect, then, place guide slot in ditch, and insert soft filler in guide slot, soft filler adopts the mixed fillers of fine sand, ash, wood chip or cavings, its volume ratio is fine sand: ash: wood chip or cavings=70～80:5:15～25;
4), backfill becomes the ridge: backfill thickness is H
3The mold of=5～15cm, and arrangement becomes the ridge body 5 that has gutter 4, the width and the degree of depth of this gutter are handled routinely, and that gutter is used for is hydrophobic, pour water etc., and mark is buried the position of guide slot underground on ridge body 5;
5), plantation: the burial place of corresponding guide slot, level apart from guide slot upper end 1～3cm, vertically locate above the 4～10cm of guide slot upper end kind under potato kind 2;
6), field management: staking, carry out water management, the fertilizing management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
7), pruning is pinched: to sowing and stay the Chinese yam of potato head, the pruning of pinching in spring;
8), gather: select fine day when gathering, after soil opens, cut off at the about 12cm of distance potato head place, the potato piece is taken out and stay the potato head, can normally gather once more in order to often regulating reason the coming year with pocket knife; Also can only stay the plastics guide slot, plant when waiting for favorable season; Also French fries and guide slot together can be taken out, store in indoor, French fries can be preserved the long period like this, are difficult for rotting or rotten.
Concrete cultivation briefing of the present invention:
On chiltern ground, kind is local Huai Shan, purposes is a medicine dish dual-purpose, and French fries are longer, and on July 5th, 2005 is externally openly plantation not, on March 10th, 2006 gathered, French fries reach 100cm most, middle part diameter 8.1cm, and stem tuber is well-balanced, per mu yield is 3620kg, than the traditional cultivation per mu yield 3010kg volume increase 20% of not adopting the inventive method; Planting method for planting is: the plastics guide slot with length 100cm, arc length 9.5cm, degree of depth 3.3cm, be layered on the soil layer that the degree of depth is 5～15cm, and become gradient 20 degree with horizontal plane, spacing in the rows 23cm, line-spacing 1.6m is by the normal method fertilizing management.
At the paddy field warrant, kind is an iron Kun Chinese yam, and purposes is medicinal, and French fries are short and small and quality is good, and on April 18th, 2006 is externally openly plantation not, gathers on October 25th, 2006, and French fries reach 45cm most, middle part diameter 3.2cm, and stem tuber is well-balanced, per mu yield 1820kg.Planting method for planting is: with the plastics guide slot of length 50cm, arc length 7cm, degree of depth 1.8cm, be layered on the soil layer of the degree of depth 5～15cm, become gradient 40 degree with horizontal plane, and spacing in the rows 20cm, wide row space 1.2m, little line-spacing 60cm is by the normal method fertilizing management.
At the nonirrigated farmland red clay, kind is the Huaihe River potato, and purposes is that dish is used, French fries are grown greatly, the output height, May 15 in 2006 is externally openly plantation not, and on December 10th, 2006 gathered, French fries reach 108cm most, middle part diameter 10.1cm, stem tuber is well-balanced, per mu yield 3920kg, than the traditional cultivation per mu yield 3110kg volume increase 26% of not adopting the inventive method, and quality and commodity rate obviously improve.Planting method for planting is: with the plastics guide slot of length 110cm, arc length 12cm, degree of depth 4.5cm, be layered on the soil layer of the degree of depth 5～15cm, become gradient 12 degree with horizontal plane, and spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 1.7m is by the normal method fertilizing management.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam comprises:
A), be L by ridge body bag ditch line-spacing
1=0.9～1.7m excavation surface width is L
2=0.5～1.1m, surface slope are α=12～40 degree, and the bottom on inclined-plane is H apart from ground level
1=13～38cm, the top on inclined-plane is risen ground and is H apart from ground level
2=8～15cm;
B), after spreading fertilizer over the fields conventional base manure on the inclined-plane, by the spacing in the rows 20～25cm excavation ditch with the guide slot coupling, this ditch then, is placed guide slot, and insert soft filler in guide slot along inclined-plane aspect excavation in ditch along the inclined-plane;
C), backfill thickness is H
3The mold of=5～15cm, and the arrangement become the ridge body that has gutter, the width and the degree of depth of this gutter are handled routinely;
D), level apart from guide slot upper end 1～3cm, vertically locate above the 4～10cm of guide slot upper end kind under the potato kind;
Described guide slot is that flute length 50～110cm, groove depth 1.8～4.5cm, groove arc length 7～14cm, groove arc radius of curvature are the plastic channel of 1.5～5cm, the upper end closed of this groove, the lower ending opening of this groove; Perhaps, the lower end closed of this groove, and several apertures are set at the bottom land place;
Described soft filler is the mixed fillers of fine sand, ash and wood chip, perhaps, is the mixed fillers of fine sand, ash and cavings, and its volume ratio is fine sand: ash: wood chip or cavings=70～80:5:15～25.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100282667A CN100512623C (en) | 2007-05-26 | 2007-05-26 | Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100282667A CN100512623C (en) | 2007-05-26 | 2007-05-26 | Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101057541A CN101057541A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN100512623C true CN100512623C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2007100282667A Expired - Fee Related CN100512623C (en) | 2007-05-26 | 2007-05-26 | Chinese yam directional groove shallow cultivation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100512623C (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN101785381A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | Carbon emission-free method for increasing temperature of dry land soil |
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| CN101785381A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | Carbon emission-free method for increasing temperature of dry land soil |
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| CN101057541A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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