CN102960447A - 包含益生菌并改善睡眠模式的营养组合物 - Google Patents
包含益生菌并改善睡眠模式的营养组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及益生菌菌株在制造用于在婴儿、幼儿或幼年动物中改善睡眠模式的成熟和/或用于在任意年龄的人或动物中减轻睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠模式的药物或治疗营养组合物中的用途。
Description
本申请为2009年10月29日提交的、发明名称为“包含益生菌并改善睡眠模式的营养组合物”的PCT申请PCT/EP2009/064276的分案申请,所述PCT申请进入中国国家阶段的日期为2011年5月3日,申请号为200980143393.9。
发明领域
此发明涉及益生菌菌株在婴儿和幼儿中改善睡眠模式的成熟和降低夜间觉醒和/或在遭受睡眠改变折磨的任意年龄的人或动物中降低睡眠紊乱和改善睡眠质量中的用途。
发明背景
在生命的任何阶段都可观察到睡眠紊乱。这些紊乱的一般特征为开始和维持睡眠的能力降低,和更深、更具恢复作用的睡眠比例的降低。在遭受这些改变折磨的个体中,生活质量严重受损。
婴儿的睡眠在生命的头一个月中通常变化以遵循在夜间持续长的不间断期的睡眠的每日节奏,类似的,睡眠状态从出生时的在REM(活跃)和NREM(稳定(quiet))睡眠之间的平均分布变化为在8个月时的1/3REM和2/3NREM。在婴儿期未能成功经历这些变化的任意失败对儿童的睡眠模式也可具有持续的影响。
在婴儿和儿童中最常见的睡眠紊乱是与觉醒相关的那些紊乱(即在就寝时间时难以入睡或无法不间断的整夜睡眠)。据估计这些紊乱影响15至35%年龄低于24个月的婴儿(France等人,“Infant Sleep Disturbance:Description of a problem behaviour process”,Sleep Medicine Reviews,Vol 3,No 4,pp 265-280,1999)。婴儿和儿童的睡眠紊乱不可避免的导致父母的睡眠紊乱和压力,其可能导致不充足的儿童-父母相互作用进而恶化婴儿和儿童的症状,导致恶性循环。
许多有关婴儿睡眠紊乱的文献致力于研究心理因素,例如母亲的出生前和出生后压力和高水平的焦虑。例如,Field和同事们研究了在第二和第三个三个月孕期的怀孕妇女中的睡眠紊乱、抑郁、焦虑和愤怒和她们的新生婴儿的睡眠模式之间的关系。他们观察到由抑郁母亲产出的婴儿也遭受睡眠紊乱的折磨,包括较少时间的深睡眠和较多时间的不定型(混乱)睡眠(Field等人,“sleep disturbances in depressed pregnant women and theirnewborns”,Infant Behavior and Development 30(2007)127-133)。
这些观察和类似的观察使儿科医生在婴儿和儿童的父母咨询有关睡眠紊乱时致力于推荐行为管理技巧,例如建立固定的就寝时间习惯,将就寝时间逐渐移至较早的时间或逐渐减少清醒时给予的关注。这些措施可能有效,但经常使父母难以应用。
正常的衰老伴随睡眠质量、数量和结构的改变。具体来说,健康老年人开始和维持睡眠的能力似乎明显降低,并伴随更深、更具恢复作用的NREM睡眠比例的降低(Espiritu JR.Aging-related sleep changes,ClinGeriatr Med.200824(1):1-14)。
急性和慢性压力、焦虑和抑郁一般导致任意年龄人群的睡眠模式的改变和失眠(Chorney DB,Detweiler MF,Morris TL,Kuhn BR,The interplayof sleep disturbance,anxiety,and depression in children,J PediatrPsychol.200833(4):339-48;LeBlanc M,M érette C,Savard J,IversH,Baillargeon L,Morin CM,Incidence and risk factors of insomniain a populat ion-based sample.Sleep.200932(8):1027-37)。
偶尔和在极端情况下,可能采用抗焦虑药物(例如苯二氮(benzodiazepin))。然而,这些药物的效力是多变的,难以确定正确的剂量且有害副作用的风险很高。无论如何一般不愿意采用此类强力的药物,特别是用于婴儿和幼儿。
综上所述,可以看到仍需要其它的方法用于在生命的不同时期减轻睡眠紊乱和改善睡眠模式。
发明概述
本发明者惊讶的发现施用益生菌菌株可改善遭受睡眠改变和/或失眠折磨的个体的睡眠质量和减轻觉醒发作(episode)的次数,和特别是在婴儿和幼儿中诱导更成熟的睡眠模式。因此,在模拟具有低或不成熟睡眠质量的婴儿和儿童和遭受睡眠改变折磨的成年人经历的睡眠改变的动物模型中,益生菌的施用通过降低活跃睡眠(REM)的时间,提高稳定睡眠(NREM)的时间和减少觉醒发作的次数使睡眠模式完全正常化。
由此,本发明提供了益生菌菌株在制造用于在婴儿和幼儿中诱导更成熟的睡眠模式和用于在任意年龄的人中减轻睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠模式的药物或治疗营养组合物中的用途。“更成熟的”在此指与不遭受睡眠周期的延迟成熟因而不遭受睡眠紊乱折磨的受试者的睡眠模式类似或相近的睡眠模式。“更成熟的睡眠模式”的特征在于在夜晚持续长的不间断期的睡眠,其与活跃(REM)睡眠持续时间的减少和稳定(NREM)睡眠持续时间的增加相关。所述REM和NREM是睡眠模式成熟的良好指示。
本发明涉及在婴儿和幼儿中诱导更成熟的睡眠模式和用于在任意年龄的人中减轻睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠模式的方法,其包含对需要其的个体施用治疗量的益生菌菌株。
BDNF(脑源性神经营养因子)是促进位于中枢神经系统或与中枢神经系统直接相连的神经元群存活的蛋白质。它是由15种影响神经元和非神经元细胞的增殖、分化、存活和死亡的多肽生长因子组成的独特家族的成员之一。BDNF和其他神经营养生长因子(例如NGF(神经生长因子),NT-3(神经营养因子-3),和NT-4(神经营养因子-4))对神经系统的健康和健康态至关重要,除了在细胞存活中的作用外,其还介导高级活动例如学习、记忆、行为。已经证明大脑中的高BDNF水平在动物模型中增加了自然睡眠和NREM的持续时间(Kushikata,Am J Physiol,1999),而BDNF的TrkB受体的阻断导致对睡眠模式的干扰(Faraguna等人,J Neurosci,2008)。从未发表的数据中,本发明者发现益生菌菌株,即长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum)NCC3001(ATCC BAA-999,最初由Morinaga Milk Industry Co.Ltd.以BB536提供)提高了海马的BDNF表达。
压力、焦虑和抑郁已显示与海马中的低BDNF水平相关(Duman RS,Malberg J,Nakagawa S,D’Sa C.Neuronal plasticity and survival inmood disorders.Biol Psychiatry.2000;48:732739)。在正常衰老过程中也描述了降低的BDNF和/或其受体(TrkB.FL,TrkB.T1和TrkB.T2)的表达(Tapia-Arancibia L,Aliaga E,Silhol M,Arancibia S.Brain Res Rev.2008,59(1):201-20)。在婴儿出生时许多生理过程还没有完全成熟并只能在出生后头几个月或头几年中变得成熟。有可能一些婴儿和儿童可能经历BDNF的低水平。在这些情况下,BDNF的低水平可能是睡眠紊乱的原因,在婴儿和儿童的特定情况下,可能是无法建立成熟的每日睡眠模式的原因。不希望和理论结合,本发明者相信施用益生菌菌株对睡眠紊乱和睡眠模式的有益作用可用这种方式解释。换句话说,施用能够提高海马BDNF表达的试剂(例如益生菌菌株)可因此导致观察到的睡眠质量正常化和/或成熟睡眠模式发育的改善。
发明详述
在此说明书中,以下术语具有以下含义:
“婴儿”指年龄小于12个月的儿童;
“益生菌”指对宿主的健康或健康态具有益作用的微生物细胞制品或微生物细胞成分。(Salminen S,Ouwehand A.Benno Y.等人“Probiotics:how should they be defined”Trends Food Sci.Technol.1999:10107-10);
“睡眠紊乱的婴儿/幼儿”指在夜间醒来,如果父母不知道其醒来就无法重新入睡的婴儿或幼儿和/或无法自己入睡的婴儿或幼儿;
“幼儿”指年龄在1岁至3岁之间的儿童。
所有百分比均以重量计,除非另外说明。
益生菌菌株可作为药物施用,例如以相当于10e10cfu的每日剂量溶于水并用勺子施用。可选的,本发明的组合物可为含有相当于10e3至10e12cfu/g(以干重计)之间,更优选10e6至10e9cfu/g之间的量的食品、营养组合物、营养食品、饮料、食物添加剂或动物食品。
例如,组合物可为人奶增强剂、婴儿配方、后续(follow on)配方、成长奶、婴儿谷物、婴儿食品、酸奶、谷物棒、早餐谷物、甜点、冷冻食物、汤、动物食物、液体悬浮物、粉末、片剂、口香糖、糖果、营养组合物和/补充物,上述组合物用于支持特定的病理(或不希望的生理疾病或病理生理疾病)疾病例如过敏或不耐性、营养不良、炎症、危重病、绞痛、创伤、感染、手术、注意力缺陷/多动症、抑郁、焦虑、疲劳或压力等等,尤其是当特定病理疾病引起睡眠模式的紊乱时。
措辞“相当于...的量”包括下述可能性,即细菌为活的、失活的或死的或甚至以片段例如DNA或细胞壁物质或益生菌代谢物存在。换句话说,细菌的量以当所有细菌为活细菌时该细菌量的菌落形成能力表示,而不考虑是否只提供细菌代谢物或细菌实际上为活的、失活的或死的、分段的或任意或所有这些状态的混合。
益生菌菌株可为乳杆菌或双歧杆菌。优选乳杆菌属物种的示例为鼠李糖乳杆菌(Lactobacillus rhamnosus)、副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillusparacasei)和罗伊乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri)。特别优选的菌株为鼠李糖乳杆菌ATCC 53103、鼠李糖乳杆菌CGMCC 1.3724、罗伊乳杆菌ATCC 55730和罗伊乳杆菌DSM 17938。优选双歧杆菌属物种的示例为乳双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis)、长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriumlongum)、短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)和婴儿双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)。特别优选的菌株包括乳双歧杆菌CNCMI-3446,由丹麦Christian Hansen公司特别出售,商标为Bb12,长双歧杆菌NCC3001,ATCC BAA-999,由日本Morinaga Milk Industry Co.Ltd.出售,商标为BB536,短双歧杆菌菌株,由Danisco出售,商标为Bb-03,短双歧杆菌菌株,由Morinaga出售,商标为M-16V,短双歧杆菌菌株,由Institut Rosell(Lallemand)出售,商标为R0070和婴儿双歧杆菌菌株,由Procter & Gamble Co.出售,商标为B.Infantis。益生菌可选自以下列表,其包含:双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、乳球菌、肠球菌、链球菌、丙酸菌(Propionibacteria)、足球菌(Pediococci)、大肠杆菌、德巴利氏酵母、克鲁维酵母、酵母、裂殖酵母、接合酵母、耶氏酵母、念珠菌属和长双歧杆菌、乳双歧杆菌、动物双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium animalis)、短双歧杆菌、婴儿双歧杆菌、两岐双岐杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、青春双岐杆菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、瑞士乳杆菌(Lactobacillushelveticus)、干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)、副干酪乳杆菌、唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum)、发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)、约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)、罗伊乳杆菌、加氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillusgasseri)、鼠李糖乳杆菌、乳球菌亚种例如乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcuslactis)、乳脂乳球菌(Lactococcus cremoris)、双乙酰乳球菌(Lactococcus diacetylactis)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)、粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)、布拉酵母(Saccharomyces boulardii)、栗酒裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe)、乳酸克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyceslactis)、解脂耶氏酵母(Yarrowia lypolitica)物种或其混合物,优选的选自约氏乳杆菌(NCC533;CNCM I-1225)、长双歧杆菌(NCC490;CNCMI-2170)、长双歧杆菌(NCC2705;CNCM I-2618)、长双歧杆菌(NCC3001;ATCCBAA-999)、乳双歧杆菌(NCC2818;CNCM I-3446)、短双歧杆菌(菌株A)、副干酪乳杆菌(NCC2461;CNCM I-2116)、鼠李糖乳杆菌GG(ATCC53103)、鼠李糖乳杆菌LPR(NCC4007;CGMCC 1.3724)、罗伊乳杆菌(ATCC 55730)、罗伊乳杆菌(DSM 17938)、屎肠球菌SF 68(NCIMB10415)、布拉酵母和其混合物。
可根据本领域已知的任意合适方法培养选择的益生菌菌株,并通过例如冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥制备选择的益生菌菌株用于加入本发明的药物或营养组合物。可选的,可从专业供应商例如Christian Hansen和Morinaga处购买已经被制备为合适形式的用于加入营养组合物例如婴儿配方的细菌菌株。
益生菌的合适每日剂量为10e3至10e12菌落形成单位(cfu),更优选10e7至10e11cfu。
本发明特别适用于在婴儿中诱导更成熟的睡眠模式,因此改善他们的睡眠质量和减轻觉醒发作。在一个实施方案中本发明涉及在婴儿或幼年动物中减轻睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠模式。如果针对此年龄组,治疗营养组合物优选的为婴儿配方或后续配方或用于宠物或动物的对应产品。
在一个实施方案中用清醒态发作次数的降低和/或睡眠片段化的降低和/或清醒态持续时间的提高(指示更好的较少片段化的睡眠/清醒模式)表征、组成或限制睡眠质量或模式的改善。
在一个实施方案中通过更长的没有非自愿清醒的夜晚和通过更安静的睡眠表征睡眠质量的改善。
在一个实施方案中通过更好的入睡能力表征睡眠质量的改善。
在一个实施方案中在遭受紊乱的睡眠模式例如片段化睡眠、噩梦或失眠折磨的受试者中改善睡眠质量。
现在将举例描述根据本发明的用途的婴儿配方的一般组成。婴儿配方可包含不超过4.0,3.0或2.0g/100kcal,优选1.8至2.0g/100kcal的蛋白质来源。只要达到必需氨基酸含量的最低要求和保证令人满意的生长,认为蛋白质的类型对本发明不是关键的,但优选超过以重量计50%的蛋白质来源为乳清。在一个实施方案中蛋白质含量在30%至80%乳清蛋白之间。因此,可使用基于乳清、酪蛋白和其混合物的蛋白质来源和基于大豆的蛋白质来源。就乳清蛋白而言,蛋白质来源可基于酸乳清或甜乳清或其混合物,并可包括任意期望比例的α-乳清蛋白和β-乳球蛋白。
蛋白质可为完整的或水解的或完整和水解蛋白质的混合物。可能期望提供部分水解的蛋白质(水解度在2至20%之间的),例如用于被认为具有产生牛奶过敏风险的婴儿。如果需要水解蛋白质,可按照要求进行水解过程,这是本领域已知的。例如,可通过一步或多步酶促水解乳清成分制备乳清蛋白水解物。发现如果用作原材料的乳清成分基本上不含乳糖,在水解过程中蛋白质可遭受明显更少的赖氨酸阻断。这使赖氨酸阻断的程度从以重量计总赖氨酸的约15%降低至低以赖氨酸重量计的于约10%;例如约以赖氨酸重量计的7%,这大大改善了蛋白质来源的营养质量。
婴儿配方可包含碳水化合物来源。可使用在婴儿配方中照惯例可找到的任意碳水化合物来源例如乳糖、蔗糖、麦芽糊精、淀粉和其混合物,但是优选的碳水化合物来源为乳糖。优选的碳水化合物来源占配方总能量的35%至65%之间。在本发明的优选实施方案中,碳水化合物包含大米碳水化合物。在一个实施方案中,至少5%、至少10%、至少25%或至少50%、至少70%、至少90%或约100%的碳水化合物(w/w)为大米碳水化合物。据显示,在本发明的上下文中,极少的大米碳水化合物比例(至少10%w/w的总碳水化合物)可对睡眠模式带来实质性的益处。大米碳水化合物的含量越高,可带来的改善越多。猜测所述作用与淀粉的存在(在大米碳水化合物中)和大米碳水化合物的独特性质二者有关,和/或与大米碳水化合物中包含的其他化合物(除了淀粉以外的)有关。包含大米碳水化合物的本发明的所述营养组合物在婴儿配方、后续配方或用于儿童、幼儿或婴儿,尤其是用于睡眠模式紊乱的(例如由于绞痛)的儿童、幼儿或婴儿和更特别的用于0至12个月之间的婴儿的食物中具有特别的用途。
婴儿配方可包含脂来源。脂来源可为适用于婴儿配方的任意脂或脂肪。优选的脂肪来源包括棕榈油、高油酸向日葵油和高油酸红花油。也可加入必需脂肪酸亚油酸和α-亚麻酸和小量含高量预制的花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的油例如鱼油或微生物油。总体上,脂肪含量优选的占配方总能量的30至55%之间。脂肪来源优选的具有约5:1至约15:1的n-6与n-3脂肪酸比例;例如约8:1至约10:1。
根据本发明的婴儿配方优选的还包含至少一种0.3至10%量的益生素。益生素为不可消化的食物成分,其通过选择性刺激结肠中的一种或少数细菌的生长和/或活性有益的影响宿主,因此改善宿主健康。这些成分不可消化的意思是它们不在胃或小肠中被降解或吸收,因此完整的到达结肠并在那里被有益细菌选择性发酵。益生素的示例包括某些寡糖,例如果寡糖(FOS)、牛奶寡糖(CMOS)和半乳寡糖(GOS)。可使用益生素的组合例如90%GOS和10%短链果寡糖(例如以商标出售的产品)或10%菊粉(例如以商标出售的产品)。在本发明上下文中可使用的益生素的其他示例包括从奶或其他来源得到的寡糖组,任选的包含唾液酸、果糖、海藻糖、半乳糖或甘露糖;优选的益生素为唾液酸寡糖(SOS)、果寡糖(FOS)、半乳寡糖(GOS)、异麦芽寡糖(IMO)、木寡糖(XOS)、阿拉伯木寡糖(AXOS)、甘露寡糖(MOS)、大豆寡糖、葡萄糖基蔗糖(GS)、乳蔗糖(LS)、唾液酸乳糖(SL)、海藻糖基乳糖(FL)、乳糖-N-新四糖(LNNT)、乳果糖(LA)、帕拉金寡糖(PAO)、麦芽寡糖、树胶和/或其水解物、果胶、淀粉和/或其水解物。
婴儿配方也可包含所有在每日饮食中被认为是必需的维生素和矿物质,并包含营养学显著的量。已经确定了某些维生素和矿物质的最低要求。矿物质、微生物和其他任选存在于婴儿配方中的营养素示例包括维生素A,维生素B1,维生素B2,维生素B6,维生素B12,维生素E,维生素K,维生素C,维生素D,叶酸、肌醇、生物素、泛酸、胆碱、钙、磷、碘、铁、镁、铜、锌、锰、氯、钾、钠、硒、铬、钼、牛磺酸和L-肉碱。矿物质通常以盐的形式加入。特定矿物质和其他微生物的存在和量将取决于预期的婴儿群体而变化。
如果需要,婴儿配方可包含乳化剂和稳定剂,例如大豆卵磷脂、柠檬酸的单甘油酯和双甘油酯等等。
婴儿配方可任选的包含其他具有有益作用的物质,例如纤维、乳铁蛋白、核苷酸、核苷等等。
最后,婴儿配方可包含每克婴儿配方10e3至10e12cfu的益生菌菌株,更优选每克配方10e6至10e9cfu的益生菌菌株。
可以任意合适的方式制备上述婴儿配方。例如,它们可通过将蛋白质、碳水化合物来源和脂肪来源以合适比例一起混合来制备。如果使用乳化剂,可在这时加入。可在这时加入维生素和矿物质,但通常在之后加入它们以避免热降解。在混合前,可在脂肪来源中溶解任意脂溶性维生素、乳化剂等等。之后将水(优选已经过反渗透的水)混合进来以形成液体混合物。水的温度方便的为约50℃至约80℃以帮助成分的扩散。可使用市售的液化器形成液体混合物。之后将液体混合物搅匀;例如分2个阶段。
之后可热处理液体混合物以降低细菌负荷,例如通过将液体混合物快速加热到约80℃至150℃范围的温度,处理约5秒至约5分钟。这可通过蒸汽喷射、高压灭菌器或通过热交换器进行;例如板式热交换器。
之后,可将液体混合物冷却至约60℃至约85℃;例如通过瞬间冷却。之后可再次将液体混合物均质化;例如分2个阶段,第一个阶段在约10MPa至约30MPa,第二个阶段在约2MPa至约10MPa。之后可将均质化的混合物进一步冷却以加入任意热敏感成分;例如维生素和矿物质。在这时方便的调节均质化的混合物的pH和固体含量。
将均质化的混合物转移至合适的干燥设备例如喷雾干燥器或冷冻干燥器并转变成粉末。粉末应具有低于约5%以重量计的含水量。可在此阶段通过干混合加入益生菌菌株。
在另一个实施方案中,组合物可为包含足够在个体中获得预期作用的量的益生菌菌株的补充剂。此施用形式更适于儿童,尽管益生菌可以油滴的形式(其中悬浮益生菌)对婴儿施用。所述产品的示例为包含罗伊乳杆菌DSM 17938的BioGaia益生菌滴剂,由BioGaia AB,Sweden出售。
优选的益生菌每日剂量为10e3至10e12cfu。在补充剂中包括的益生菌的量将根据补充剂是如何施用的来选择。例如,如果补充剂以每日2次施用,各补充剂可包含5x 10e2至5x 10e11cfu的益生菌。补充剂可为例如片剂、胶囊、锭剂、栓剂、口香糖或液体的形式。补充剂可还包含保护性水状胶质(例如树胶、蛋白质、变性淀粉)、粘合剂、成膜剂、成胶囊剂/材料、壁/壳材料、基质化合物、涂料、乳化剂、表面活性剂、增溶剂(油、脂肪、蜡、卵磷脂等等)、吸附剂、载体、填充剂、共化合物、分散剂、湿润剂、加工助剂(溶剂)、流动剂、掩味剂、增重剂、成凝胶剂和胶凝剂。补充剂也可包含传统的药物添加剂和佐剂、赋形剂和稀释剂,包括但不限于水、任意来源的明胶、糊精、木素磺酸盐、滑石、糖、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、植物油、聚亚烷基二醇、调味剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、乳化剂、缓冲液、润滑剂、色素、湿润剂、填充料等等。
此外,补充剂可包含适于口服或肠内施用的有机或无机载体材料以及维生素、矿物质微量元素和其他依照政府机关推荐的(例如USRDA)微营养素。
在一个实施方案中本发明涉及在成年人、大龄儿童(特别是在3至12岁之间的儿童)、青少年或任意年龄的人中减轻睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠模式。
在另一个实施方案中本发明涉及通过在宠物和其他动物例如猫、狗或马中使用益生菌实现描述的益处。
现在将通过参考以下实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
下面给出了根据本发明使用的婴儿配方的组合物示例。此组合物仅以说明的方式给出。以下组合物的蛋白质来自乳清和酪蛋白(例如70%乳清和30%酪蛋白)。在备选物中,蛋白质仅来自乳清。
营养素 | 每100kcal | 每升 |
能量(kcal) | 100 | 670 |
蛋白质(g) | 1.83 | 12.3 |
脂肪(g) | 5.3 | 35.7 |
亚油酸(g) | 0.79 | 5.3 |
α-亚麻酸(mg) | 101 | 675 |
乳糖(g) | 11.2 | 74.7 |
益生素(100%GOS)(g) | 0.64 | 4.3 |
矿物质(g) | 0.37 | 2.5 |
Na(mg) | 23 | 150 |
K(mg) | 89 | 590 |
Cl(mg) | 64 | 430 |
Ca(mg) | 62 | 410 |
P(mg) | 31 | 210 |
Mg(mg) | 7 | 50 |
Mn (μg) | 8 | 50 |
Se (μg) | 2 | 13 |
维生素A(μg RE) | 105 | 700 |
维生素D(μg) | 1.5 | 10 |
维生素E(mg TE) | 0.8 | 5.4 |
维生素K1(μg) | 8 | 54 |
维生素C(mg) | 10 | 67 |
维生素B1(mg) | 0.07 | 0.47 |
维生素B2(mg) | 0.15 | 1.0 |
烟酸(mg) | 1 | 6.7 |
维生素B6(mg) | 0.075 | 0.50 |
叶酸(μg) | 9 | 60 |
泛酸(mg) | 0.45 | 3 |
维生素B12(μg) | 0.3 | 2 |
生物素(μg) | 2.2 | 15 |
胆碱(mg) | 10 | 67 |
Fe(mg) | 1.2 | 8 |
I (μg) | 15 | 100 |
Cu(mg) | 0.06 | 0.4 |
Zn(mg) | 0.75 | 5 |
罗伊乳杆菌DSM 17938 | 2.107cfu/g粉末 |
实施例2
下面给出了根据本发明使用的后续婴儿配方的组合物示例。此组合物仅以说明的方式给出。以下组合物的蛋白质来自乳清和酪蛋白。在备选物中,蛋白质仅来自乳清。
实施例3
下面给出了根据本发明使用的后续婴儿配方的组合物示例。此组合物仅以说明的方式给出。以下组合物的蛋白质来自50/50比例的乳清和酪蛋白。在备选物中,蛋白质仅来自乳清或70%(w/w)来自乳清。在以下实施例中16%(w/w)的碳水化合物为大米碳水化合物(在类似的另外实施例中25%(w/w)的碳水化合物为大米碳水化合物)。可在配方中加入益生素(例如,GOS,0.5g/100kcal)。
实施例4益生菌对睡眠质量的作用
对怀孕大鼠施加压力导致子代中睡眠质量的改变(即出生前压力或PRS动物),所述压力与具有扰动的睡眠模式的婴儿和儿童和遭受低睡眠质量和失眠的成年人所经历的压力类似。这些改变通过较浅的睡眠和增加的觉醒发作(即,增加的REM睡眠量、减少的NREM量和增加的睡眠片段化(Dugovic,1999))表征。此模型已被用于检测施用益生菌对睡眠质量的效果。在深度麻醉的PRS(即在孕期经历抑制压力的母兽的子代)和对照(未受干扰的母兽的子代)大鼠中植入延久电极(chronic electrode)以多道记录额顶脑电图(EEG)、眼电图(EOG)和颈部肌电图(EMG)。所有电极与微型接头连接并用牙科粘固粉固定在头骨上。将EEG、EOG和EMG活性记录在多道描记器(EEG-4414A/K;Nihon-Khoden)上,将输出与计算机连接以对EEG进行即时波谱分析。在电极植入手术后,将大鼠在Plexiglas树脂玻璃笼(30cm直径,40cm高)中单个饲养,在不受干扰的状态下维持2周。然后在下一个14天中使动物适应睡眠记录程序。在这段时间中通过强饲法使它们接受安慰剂或2种益生菌之一。在适应期结束时,在24小时时间中记录睡眠,从光照阶段开始时开始记录。通过30秒的信号出现时间(epoch)对多道记录进行肉眼评分。这些信号出现时间被分为清醒、NREM睡眠或REM睡眠。记录了这3种警醒状态经历的时间和各状态发作的次数和持续时间。研究了以下组:
PRSr:接受1ml/天包含109cfu罗伊乳杆菌DSM 17938(BioGaia Probioticdrops,BioGaia AB,Sweden)的油滴的PRS动物。
PRSb:接受1ml/天包含1010cfu溶解在盐水中的长双歧杆菌NCC3001(ATCCBAA-999,最初由Morinaga Milk Industry Co.Ltd提供)的盐水溶液的PRS动物。
PRSp:接受1ml/天包含与罗伊乳杆菌产品相同的油载体但不含益生菌的滴剂的PRS动物。
对照:接受1ml/天包含与罗伊乳杆菌相同的油载体但不含益生菌的滴剂的对照动物。
结果显示于图1和2。如事先预想的,与对照组相比,在PRSp动物中,稳定睡眠(NREM,图1B)经历的时间总量减少,活跃睡眠(REM,图1C)经历的时间增加,而清醒态(图1A)的持续时间在2组中类似。2种益生菌的施用均使NREM和REM态的持续时间正常化,而不影响清醒态的持续时间。同样的,与对照动物相比,在24小时内清醒(图2A)、NREM(图2B)和REM(图2C)态的发作次数在PRSp动物中较高,指示在PRSp组中提高的睡眠片段化和更高的觉醒发作次数。2种益生菌将觉醒发作次数和睡眠片段化降低至对照水平。
总而言之,数据指示益生菌的施用在动物模型中使睡眠模式正常化并改善睡眠质量。更好的睡眠质量可能导致在益生菌组中清醒态中的警觉(alertness)的改善,正如与安慰剂PRS组相比,在益生菌组中觉醒发作的较低次数和提高的持续时间(数据未显示)所示。
Claims (15)
1.益生菌菌株在制备用于在人或动物中降低睡眠紊乱和/或改善睡眠质量或睡眠模式的药物或营养组合物中的用途。
2.权利要求1的用途,其中所述人或动物为婴儿、幼年动物或幼儿。
3.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中人或动物经受低质量的睡眠和/或失眠。
4.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述营养组合物在所述人或动物中诱导成熟的睡眠模式或降低觉醒发作的次数。
5.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中益生菌菌株为乳杆菌或双歧杆菌。
6.权利要求5的用途,其中乳杆菌为鼠李糖乳杆菌物种、副干酪乳杆菌物种或罗伊乳杆菌物种。
7.权利要求5的用途,其中双歧杆菌为乳双歧杆菌物种、长双歧杆菌物种、短双歧杆菌物种或婴儿双歧杆菌物种。
8.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中益生菌的每日剂量为103至1012菌落形成单位(cfu),更优选107至1011cfu。
9.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述药物或营养组合物包含每克药物或组合物103至1012菌落形成单位(cfu),更优选107至1011cfu的益生菌。
10.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中治疗营养组合物包含每克干药物或干营养组合物103至1012cfu的量的益生菌菌株,优选每克干药物或干营养组合物106至109cfu的益生菌菌株。
11.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中药物为补剂,且益生菌菌株以103至1012cfu每单位剂量的量存在。
12.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中药物或营养组合物为以下形式:人奶增强剂、婴儿配方、后续配方、成长奶、婴儿谷物、婴儿食品、酸奶、谷物棒、早餐谷物、甜点、冷冻食物、汤、宠物食物、液体悬浮物、粉末、片剂、口香糖、糖果、营养组合物或营养补充物,上述药物或营养组合物用于支持诱导睡眠紊乱的特定病理情况,例如过敏或食物不耐受、营养不良、慢性炎症、危重病、创伤、感染、手术、注意力缺陷/多动症、抑郁、焦虑、疲劳或压力。
13.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述药物或营养组合物诱导更成熟的睡眠模式。
14.前述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述营养组合物包含碳水化合物,其中所述碳水化合物包含大米碳水化合物,优选至少10%(w/w)的所述碳水化合物为大米碳水化合物。
15.权利要求5或6或10或14的用途,其中所述营养组合物为起始婴儿配方或后续婴儿配方。
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- 2009-10-29 RU RU2013137772A patent/RU2642301C9/ru active
- 2009-10-29 EP EP09743896A patent/EP2352393A1/en active Pending
- 2009-10-29 BR BRPI0921617-0A patent/BRPI0921617A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-10-29 MX MX2011004142A patent/MX2011004142A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-10-29 WO PCT/EP2009/064276 patent/WO2010060722A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-10-29 ES ES12150228T patent/ES2771176T3/es active Active
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- 2009-10-29 AU AU2009319257A patent/AU2009319257B2/en active Active
- 2009-10-29 MY MYPI2011001597A patent/MY160376A/en unknown
- 2009-10-29 CA CA2742476A patent/CA2742476A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-10-29 US US13/127,164 patent/US9034314B2/en active Active
- 2009-10-29 RU RU2011122453/10A patent/RU2517616C2/ru active
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CN110934890A (zh) * | 2014-11-04 | 2020-03-31 | 地球波兰股份公司 | 用于治疗bdnf依赖性失调的富含脯氨酸的多肽复合物 |
CN109310716A (zh) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-02-05 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | 用于预防和/或治疗哺乳动物的焦虑症及相关病症的包含益生菌的营养组合物 |
CN109310717A (zh) * | 2016-07-01 | 2019-02-05 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | 用于预防和/或治疗哺乳动物的焦虑症及相关病症的包含益生菌的营养组合物 |
CN111989111A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-11-24 | 森永乳业株式会社 | 睡眠促进用组合物及使用该睡眠促进用组合物的药物组合物和饮食品组合物 |
TWI815872B (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2023-09-21 | 日商森永乳業股份有限公司 | 睡眠促進用組成物 |
CN111989111B (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-03-22 | 森永乳业株式会社 | 睡眠促进用组合物及使用该睡眠促进用组合物的药物组合物和饮食品组合物 |
CN115551365A (zh) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-12-30 | 雪印惠乳业株式会社 | 睡眠促进用组合物、和包含组合物的食品、药物、和饲料 |
CN115299609A (zh) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-11-08 | 浙江臻叶茶业有限公司 | 一种具有改善睡眠功能的组合物及其制备方法 |
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RU2517616C2 (ru) | 2014-05-27 |
PH12014501749B1 (en) | 2016-01-18 |
EP2352393A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
RU2642301C9 (ru) | 2018-06-27 |
RU2642301C2 (ru) | 2018-01-24 |
US20140242050A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
ES2771176T3 (es) | 2020-07-06 |
CN102202527A (zh) | 2011-09-28 |
PT2438821T (pt) | 2020-04-22 |
PH12014501749A1 (en) | 2016-01-18 |
CA2742476A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
WO2010060722A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
EP2438821A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
RU2013137772A (ru) | 2015-02-20 |
RU2011122453A (ru) | 2012-12-10 |
CN102202527B (zh) | 2014-12-31 |
CL2012001950A1 (es) | 2013-01-11 |
ZA201206546B (en) | 2022-03-30 |
US20140212389A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
CL2011000891A1 (es) | 2011-09-16 |
TW201029583A (en) | 2010-08-16 |
MY160376A (en) | 2017-03-15 |
US9034314B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
BRPI0921617A2 (pt) | 2015-08-18 |
MX2011004142A (es) | 2011-05-25 |
US20110206649A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
AU2009319257A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
AU2009319257B2 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
EP2438821B1 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
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